1
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Yang Y, Wang X, Yan P, Wang D, Luo T, Zhou Y, Chen S, Liu Q, Hou J, Wang P. Transmembrane protein 117 knockdown protects against angiotensin-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:2326-2339. [PMID: 37488300 PMCID: PMC10550824 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01377-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Transmembrane protein 117 modulate mitochondrial membrane potential that may be involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. However, its role in the development of angiotensin II (Ang-II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy is unclear. Cardiac-specific TMEM117-knockout and control mice were subjected to cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang-II infusion. Small-interfering RNAs against TMEM117 or adenovirus-based plasmids encoding TMEM117 were delivered into left ventricles of mice or incubated with neonatal murine ventricular myocytes (NMVMs) before Ang-II stimulation. We found that TMEM117 was upregulated in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocytes and TMEM117 deficiency attenuated Ang-II-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Consistently, the in vitro data demonstrated that Ang-II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy significantly alleviated by TMEM117 knockdown. Conversely, overexpression of TMEM117 exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. An Ang II-induced increase in cardiac (cardiomyocyte) oxidative stress was alleviated by cardiac-specific knockout (knockdown) of TMEM117 and was worsened by TMEM117 supplementation (overexpression). In addition, TMEM117 knockout decreased endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by Ang-II, which was reversed by TMEM117 supplementation. Furthermore, TMEM117 deficiency mitigated mitochondrial injury in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocyte, which was abolished by TMEM117 supplementation (overexpression). Taken together, these findings suggest that upregulation of TMEM117 contributes to the development of cardiac hypertrophy and the downregulation of TMEM117 may be a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaqiong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Shichao Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Qiting Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Jixin Hou
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Peijian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
- Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Aging and Vascular Homeostasis of Sichuan Higher Education Institutes, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, China.
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2
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Zhang C, Sun Y, Chen Z. An Efficient and Reproducible Method for the Isolation and Culture of Primary Cardiomyocytes from Adult Zebrafish. Zebrafish 2023. [PMID: 37262192 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2023.0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Zebrafish is a popular animal model in regeneration studies due to their ability to regenerate the heart. Primary cardiomyocytes could be an alternative tool for studying the intrinsic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in vitro. Thus, our objective is to develop an efficient protocol to isolate primary cardiomyocytes from zebrafish hearts. Low concentration of digestive enzyme (0.5 mg/mL collagenase type II) was utilized in our protocol to obtain single-cell suspension. The ventricles were fragmented, mechanically pipetted, and constantly shaken to ensure adequate contact between the tissues and the enzyme. Preplating the cell suspension onto culture plates for 2 h helped remove cardiac fibroblasts. The purity of isolated cells was validated by flow cytometry analysis of transgenic zebrafish with cardiomyocyte-specific expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or endothelial cell-specific expression of mCherry. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed a high level of the purity, with cardiac fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and epicardial cell markers scarcely detected in the purified cells. Altogether, this study established a reproducible protocol for isolating primary cardiomyocytes with high purity and activity from adult zebrafish hearts that can be cultured in vitro for up to 4 weeks. This protocol provides a valuable tool for studying the intrinsic mechanisms of cardiovascular disease in vitro using primary cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyi Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyue Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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3
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Chen TJ, Yeh YT, Peng FS, Li AH, Wu SC. S100A8/A9 Enhances Immunomodulatory and Tissue-Repairing Properties of Human Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011175. [PMID: 34681835 PMCID: PMC8541313 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Paracrine factors of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the potential of preventing adverse cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI). S100A8 and S100A9 are calcium-binding proteins playing essential roles in the regulation of inflammation and fibrous tissue formation, and they might modulate the paracrine effect of hMSCs. We isolated human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) and examined the changes in the expression level of regulatory genes of inflammation and fibrosis after hAMSCs were treated with S100A8/A9. The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of hAMSCs pretreated with S100A8/A9 were shown to be superior to those of hAMSCs without S100A8/A9 pretreatment in the cardiomyocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation experiment. We established a murine myocardial ischemia/reperfusion model to compare the therapeutic effects of the conditioned medium of hAMSCs with or without S100A8/A9 pretreatment. We found the hearts administered with a conditioned medium of hAMSCs with S100A8/A9 pretreatment had better left ventricular systolic function on day 7, 14, and 28 after MI. These results suggest S100A8/A9 enhances the paracrine therapeutic effects of hAMSCs in aspects of anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, and cardiac function preservation after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Jou Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (Y.-T.Y.)
| | - Yen-Ting Yeh
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (Y.-T.Y.)
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
| | - Fu-Shiang Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
| | - Ai-Hsien Li
- Cardiology Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 220, Taiwan;
| | - Shinn-Chih Wu
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; (T.-J.C.); (Y.-T.Y.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-3366-41472
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4
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Lee JW, Lee CS, Ryu YR, Lee J, Son H, Cho HJ, Kim HS. Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor 4 Is Transiently Expressed during Cardiac Differentiation and Critical for Repair of the Damaged Heart. Mol Ther 2021; 29:1151-1163. [PMID: 33160074 PMCID: PMC7934582 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient differentiation of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) into cardiac cells is essential for the development of new therapeutic modalities to repair damaged heart tissue. We identified a novel cell surface marker, the G protein-coupled receptor lysophosphatidic acid receptor 4 (LPAR4), specific to cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) and determined its functional significance and therapeutic potential. During in vitro differentiation of mouse and human PSCs toward cardiac lineage, LPAR4 expression peaked after 3−7 days of differentiation in cardiac progenitors and then declined. In vivo, LPAR4 was specifically expressed in the early stage of embryonal heart development, and as development progressed, LPAR4 expression decreased and was non-specifically distributed. We identified the effective agonist octadecenyl phosphate and a p38 MAPK blocker as the downstream signal blocker. Sequential stimulation and inhibition of LPAR4 using these agents enhanced the in vitro efficiency of cardiac differentiation from mouse and human PSCs. Importantly, in vivo, this sequential stimulation and inhibition of LPAR4 reduced the infarct size and rescued heart dysfunction in mice. In conclusion, LPAR4 is a novel CPC marker transiently expressed only in heart during embryo development. Modulation of LPAR4-positive cells may be a promising strategy for repairing myocardium after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Soo Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Rim Ryu
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Lee
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunJu Son
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jai Cho
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyo-Soo Kim
- Strategic Center of Cell & Bio Therapy, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Liang RK, Zhao YY, Shi ML, Zhang G, Zhao YJ, Zhang BG, Liang RJ. Skimmin protects diabetic cardiomyopathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 37:136-144. [PMID: 33128488 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Skimmin, a natural coumarin derivate, has been showed to be protective against experimental diabetic nephropathy; however, its protective effect on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is not clarified. By using in vitro and in vivo models, we investigated skimmin's protective effect on impaired heart tissues in DCM. DCM was induced by streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) using Sprague Dawley rats, and diabetic rats were treated with either skimmin (15 or 30 mg/kg) or the vehicle for 16 weeks, and normal rats were used as a control. Hematoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome staining were performed to evaluate the cardiac histopathology, and the oxidative stress and proinflammation cytokines in heart tissues were measured. The protein levels of key mediators in fibrosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy in heart tissues were investigated using western blotting. In vitro, primary neonatal cardiomyocytes were treated with skimmin (2 and 10 μM) under stimulation by high glucose (30 mM) and low glucose (5 mM) respectively, and the molecular mechanisms on pyroptosis and autophagy were studied. Compared to the vehicle-treated DCM group, skimmin treatment significantly improved the ejection fraction and fractional shortening of the left ventricle and reduced the oxidative stress by increasing the glutathione level and activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Skimmin also reduced cardiac fibrosis, and decreased proinflammation cytokines in cardiac tissues. Mechanism studies showed skimmin may enhance the autophagy and ameliorate NLRP3 inflammasome activation to play a protective role in DCM. This study, for the first time, indicates that skimmin might be a promising lead compound for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Kai Liang
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yun-Yun Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei-Li Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yong-Jun Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Bing-Gui Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Hebei Geriatric Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Rui-Jing Liang
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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6
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Tom70 protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy through its antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties. Hypertens Res 2020; 43:1047-1056. [PMID: 32724135 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-0518-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Translocase of mitochondrial outer membrane 70 (Tom70) primarily facilitates the import of mitochondrial preproteins that may be involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial function. This study aimed to investigate the role of Tom70 in the development of myocardial injury in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) diabetic mice. Tom70 siRNA or an overexpressing lentivirus was intramuscularly injected into mouse hearts or used to treat cultured neonatal cardiomyocytes. We found that Tom70 was downregulated in the diabetic hearts compared with the level in the wild-type hearts and that knocking down Tom70 exacerbated cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and ventricular dysfunction in the db/db mice. Similarly, the in vitro data demonstrated that silencing Tom70 enhanced high-glucose and high-fat (HGHF) medium treatment-induced mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased ATP production and the mitochondrial membrane potential, and enhanced cell apoptosis in neonatal cardiomyocytes. Importantly, overexpression of Tom70 alleviated HGHF medium-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, in vivo data confirmed that reconstitution of Tom70 ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and ventricular dysfunction in the db/db mice. In addition, Tom70 overexpression mitigated mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction in the hearts of the db/db mice. Taken together, these findings suggest that downregulation of Tom70 contributes to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and that reconstitution of Tom70 may be a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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7
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Callaghan NI, Hadipour-Lakmehsari S, Lee SH, Gramolini AO, Simmons CA. Modeling cardiac complexity: Advancements in myocardial models and analytical techniques for physiological investigation and therapeutic development in vitro. APL Bioeng 2019; 3:011501. [PMID: 31069331 PMCID: PMC6481739 DOI: 10.1063/1.5055873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathies, heart failure, and arrhythmias or conduction blockages impact millions of patients worldwide and are associated with marked increases in sudden cardiac death, decline in the quality of life, and the induction of secondary pathologies. These pathologies stem from dysfunction in the contractile or conductive properties of the cardiomyocyte, which as a result is a focus of fundamental investigation, drug discovery and therapeutic development, and tissue engineering. All of these foci require in vitro myocardial models and experimental techniques to probe the physiological functions of the cardiomyocyte. In this review, we provide a detailed exploration of different cell models, disease modeling strategies, and tissue constructs used from basic to translational research. Furthermore, we highlight recent advancements in imaging, electrophysiology, metabolic measurements, and mechanical and contractile characterization modalities that are advancing our understanding of cardiomyocyte physiology. With this review, we aim to both provide a biological framework for engineers contributing to the field and demonstrate the technical basis and limitations underlying physiological measurement modalities for biologists attempting to take advantage of these state-of-the-art techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Craig A. Simmons
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed: . Present address: Ted Rogers Centre for Heart
Research, 661 University Avenue, 14th Floor Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada. Tel.:
416-946-0548. Fax: 416-978-7753
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8
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Yadav SK, Mishra PK. Isolation, Characterization, and Differentiation of Cardiac Stem Cells from the Adult Mouse Heart. J Vis Exp 2019. [PMID: 30663680 DOI: 10.3791/58448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. A major goal of regenerative medicine is to replenish the dead myocardium after MI. Although several strategies have been used to regenerate myocardium, stem cell therapy remains a major approach to replenish the dead myocardium of an MI heart. Accumulating evidence suggests the presence of resident cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in the adult heart and their endocrine and/or paracrine effects on cardiac regeneration. However, CSC isolation and their characterization and differentiation toward myocardial cells, especially cardiomyocytes, remains a technical challenge. In the present study, we provided a simple method for the isolation, characterization, and differentiation of CSCs from the adult mouse heart. Here, we describe a density gradient method for the isolation of CSCs, where the heart is digested by a 0.2% collagenase II solution. To characterize the isolated CSCs, we evaluated the expression of CSCs/cardiac markers Sca-1, NKX2-5, and GATA4, and pluripotency/stemness markers OCT4, SOX2, and Nanog. We also determined the proliferation potential of isolated CSCs by culturing them in a Petri dish and assessing the expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67. For evaluating the differentiation potential of CSCs, we selected seven- to ten-days cultured CSCs. We transferred them to a new plate with a cardiomyocyte differentiation medium. They are incubated in a cell culture incubator for 12 days, while the differentiation medium is changed every three days. The differentiated CSCs express cardiomyocyte-specific markers: actinin and troponin I. Thus, CSCs isolated with this protocol have stemness and cardiac markers, and they have a potential for proliferation and differentiation toward cardiomyocyte lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K Yadav
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center
| | - Paras K Mishra
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center;
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9
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Duan P, Wang J, Li Y, Wei S, Su F, Zhang S, Duan Y, Wang L, Zhu Q. Opening of mitoKATP improves cardiac function and inhibits apoptosis via the AKT-Foxo1 signaling pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:2709-2719. [PMID: 30132505 PMCID: PMC6192784 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreasing phosphorylation of AKT-Foxo1 is closely associated with the onset of insulin resistance and apoptosis during diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP) increases the expression of p-AKT in the process of reperfusion injury. It was therefore hypothesized that opening of mitoKATP may regulate the AKT-Foxo1 signaling pathway and improve cardiac function in DCM. In the present study, opening of mitoKATP by diazoxide (DZX) was found to improve cardiac function and attenuate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in db/db mice. DZX also significantly increased the expression of p-AKT and p-Foxo1. Similarly, DZX decreased the expression of the heart failure marker NT-proBNP, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, inhibited apoptosis, and increased the expression of p-AKT and p-Foxo1 when mimicking insulin resistance in cultured cardiomyocytes. Moreover, the protective effects of DZX were completely blocked by the specific AKT inhibitor MK-2206. These data suggest that the regulation of the AKT-Foxo1 signaling pathway by mitoKATP plays an important role in improving cardiac function and inhibiting apoptosis in DCM, and may therefore be a new potential therapeutic target for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Jinxin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Shiqiang Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA No. 371 Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Feng Su
- Department of Medical Administration, Chinese PLA No. 371 Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Sanlin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA No. 371 Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA No. 371 Hospital, Xinxiang, Henan 453000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Qinglei Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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10
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Weldrick JJ, Abdul-Ghani M, Megeney LA, Burgon PG. A rapid and efficient method for the isolation of postnatal murine cardiac myocyte and fibroblast cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The capacity to isolate and study single cardiomyocytes has dramatically enhanced our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of the heart. Currently, 2 primary methods for the isolation of cardiomyocytes are employed: (i) the neonatal isolation protocol and (ii) the Langendorff isolation method. A major limiting feature of both procedures is the inability to isolate cardiomyocytes between 3 days and 3 weeks after birth. Herein, we report the establishment and validation of a new method for the rapid and efficient isolation of mouse cardiomyocytes, regardless of age. This novel procedure utilizes whole heart perfusion of a trypsin–collagenase Krebs-based buffer through the left ventricle at a high flow rate. Cardiomyocytes can be isolated in significantly less time with a simple, syringe-pump-based apparatus. Typically, we can digest 10–15 hearts per hour. Altogether, we have established an efficient and reproducible method for the rapid isolation of fresh cardiomyocytes from postnatal mouse hearts of any age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J. Weldrick
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Mohammad Abdul-Ghani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lynn A. Megeney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Patrick G. Burgon
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin Street, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
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11
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Jensen L, Neri E, Bassaneze V, De Almeida Oliveira NC, Dariolli R, Turaça LT, Levy D, Veronez D, Ferraz MSA, Alencar AM, Bydlowski SP, Cestari IA, Krieger JE. Integrated molecular, biochemical, and physiological assessment unravels key extraction method mediated influences on rat neonatal cardiomyocytes. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5420-5430. [PMID: 29219187 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal cardiomyocytes are instrumental for disease modeling, but the effects of different cell extraction methods on basic cell biological processes remain poorly understood. We assessed the influence of two popular methods to extract rat neonatal cardiomyocytes, Pre-plating (PP), and Percoll (PC) on cell structure, metabolism, and function. Cardiomyocytes obtained from PP showed higher gene expression for troponins, titin, and potassium and sodium channels compared to PC. Also, PP cells displayed higher levels of troponin I protein. Cells obtained from PC displayed higher lactate dehydrogenase activity and lactate production than PP cells, indicating higher anaerobic metabolism after 8 days of culture. In contrast, reactive oxygen species levels were higher in PP cells as indicated by ethidium and hydroxyethidium production. Consistent with these data, protein nitration was higher in PP cells, as well as nitrite accumulation in cell medium. Moreover, PP cells showed higher global intracellular calcium under basal and 1 mM isoprenaline conditions. In a calcium-transient assessment under electrical stimulation (0.5 Hz), PP cells displayed higher calcium amplitude than cardiomyocytes obtained from PC and using a traction force microscope technique we observed that PP cardiomyocytes showed the highest relaxation. Collectively, we demonstrated that extraction methods influence parameters related to cell structure, metabolism, and function. Overall, PP derived cells are more active and mature than PC cells, displaying higher contractile function and generating more reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, PC derived cells display higher anaerobic metabolism, despite comparable high yields from both protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Jensen
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elida Neri
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Bassaneze
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia C De Almeida Oliveira
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Dariolli
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lauro T Turaça
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Levy
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology/LIM 31, Clinics Hospital (HC), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Douglas Veronez
- Bioengineering Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana S A Ferraz
- Laboratory of Microrheology and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriano M Alencar
- Laboratory of Microrheology and Molecular Physiology, Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio P Bydlowski
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Hematology/LIM 31, Clinics Hospital (HC), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Idágene A Cestari
- Bioengineering Division, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Eduardo Krieger
- Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology/LIM 13, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Wanjare M, Huang NF. Regulation of the microenvironment for cardiac tissue engineering. Regen Med 2017; 12:187-201. [PMID: 28244821 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The microenvironment of myocardium plays an important role in the fate and function of cardiomyocytes (CMs). Cardiovascular tissue engineering strategies commonly utilize stem cell sources in conjunction with microenvironmental cues that often include biochemical, electrical, spatial and biomechanical factors. Microenvironmental stimulation of CMs, in addition to the incorporation of intercellular interactions from non-CMs, results in the generation of engineered cardiac constructs. Current studies suggest that use of these factors when engineering cardiac constructs improve cardiac function when implanted in vivo. In this review, we summarize the approaches to modulate biochemical, electrical, biomechanical and spatial factors to induce CM differentiation and their subsequent organization for cardiac tissue engineering application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen Wanjare
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ngan F Huang
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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13
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Wang Z, Rong X, Luo B, Qin S, Lu L, Zhang X, Sun Y, Hu Q, Zhang C. A Natural Model of Mouse Cardiac Myocyte Senescence. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2016; 9:456-458. [PMID: 27631884 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-016-9711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Many cardiac aging studies are performed on mice first and then, due to difficulty in mouse cardiomyocyte culture, applied the rat neonatal cardiomyocytes to further determine the mechanisms in vitro. Now, the technological challenge of mouse cardiomyocyte culture has been overcome and there is an increasing need for the senescence models of mouse cardiomyocytes. In this study, we have demonstrated that the senescence of mouse cardiomyocytes occurred with the extended culture time as shown by the increased β-galactosidase staining, increased p53 expression, decreased telomere activity, shorted telomere length, increased production of ROS, increased cell apoptosis, and impaired mitochondrial ΔΨm. These senescent responses shared similar results in aged mouse heart tissues in vivo. In summary, we have established and characterized a novel senescence model of mouse cardiomyocytes induced by the extended culture time in vitro. The cell model could be useful for the increased cardiac aging studies worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunzhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Xing Rong
- Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Bihui Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Shanshan Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Lili Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Yeying Sun
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Qin Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Chunxiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Rush University Cardiovascular Research Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA. .,Children's Heart Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, Rush Medical College, Rush University, 1735 West Harrison St, Cohn Building, Suite 406, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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14
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Parameswaran S, Sharma RK. Insulin Cannot Induce Adipogenic Differentiation in Primary Cardiac Cultures. Int J Angiol 2016; 25:181-5. [PMID: 27574386 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1571191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue contains a heterogeneous population of cardiomyocytes and nonmyocyte population especially fibroblasts. Fibroblast differentiation into adipogenic lineage is important for fat accumulation around the heart which is important in cardiac pathology. The differentiation in fibroblast has been observed both spontaneously and due to increased insulin stimulation. The present study aims to observe the effect of insulin in adipogenic differentiation of cardiac cells present in primary murine cardiomyocyte cultures. Oil Red O (ORO) staining has been used for observing the lipid accumulations formed due to adipogenic differentiation in murine cardiomyocyte cultures. The accumulated lipids were quantified by ORO assay and normalized using protein estimation. The lipid accumulation in cardiac cultures did not increase in presence of insulin. However, addition of other growth factors like insulin-like growth factor 1 and epidermal growth factor promoted adipogenic differentiation even in the presence of insulin and other inhibitory molecules such as vitamins. Lipid accumulation also increased in cells grown in media without insulin after an initial exposure to insulin-containing growth media. The current study adds to the existing knowledge that the insulin by itself cannot induce adipogenic induction in the cardiac cultures. The data have significance in the understanding of cardiovascular health especially in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejit Parameswaran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Rajendra K Sharma
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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