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Huang X, Gao Y, Chen W, Hu Q, He Z, Wang X, Li D, Lin R. Dietary variety relates to gut microbiota diversity and abundance in humans. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3915-3928. [PMID: 35764724 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02929-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aim to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and dietary variety in a Chinese population using Dietary Variety Score (DVS), an index of dietary variety, as little has studied the relationship of dietary variety and gut microbiota in a general population. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, recruited participants were conducted with face-to-face interview to collect information on 24-h food intake and dietary consumption using a valid food frequency questionnaire. Subjects (n = 128) were divided as high and low DVS groups by the median of DVS after rigorously matching for confounding factors. The gut microbiota was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing and the correlations between key phylotypes and DVS, Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ) and clinical indices were examined using generalized linear model in negative binomial regression. RESULTS Higher score of DVS, INQVB6, INQVE and INQZn exhibited higher α-diversity. DVS was correlated with INQ and six genera. Among the DVS-correlated genera, Turicibacter, Alistipes and Barnesiella were positively correlated with INQVE, INQZn and INQCu, individually or in combination, while Cetobacterium was negatively correlated with INQCu, INQZn and INQVE. The abundance of Coprococcus and Barnesiella increased with the elevated cumulative scores of INQVE, INQVB6 and INQZn. The combination of Alistipes, Roseburia and Barnesiella could moderately predict dietary variety status. CONCLUSION Higher DVS was correlated with higher microbial diversity and more abundance of some potentially beneficial bacteria but with less some potentially pathogenic bacteria. A high variety dietary, therefore, should be recommended in our daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueran Huang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yongfen Gao
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Wanrong Chen
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qiantu Hu
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Zouyan He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Dan Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning Second Peoples Hospital, Nanning, 530031, China.
| | - Rui Lin
- Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China. .,Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Głąbska D, Guzek D, Groele B, Gutkowska K. Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Mental Health in Adults: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E115. [PMID: 31906271 PMCID: PMC7019743 DOI: 10.3390/nu12010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of a properly balanced diet in the prevention and treatment of mental disorders has been suggested, while vegetables and fruits have a high content of nutrients that may be of importance in the case of depressive disorders. The aim of the study was to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing association between fruit and vegetable intake and mental health in adults. The search adhered to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42019138148). A search for peer-reviewed observational studies published until June 2019 was performed in PubMed and Web of Science databases, followed by an additional manual search for publications conducted via analyzing the references of the found studies. With respect to the intake of fruit and/or vegetable, studies that assessed the intake of fruits and/or vegetables, or their processed products (e.g., juices), as a measure expressed in grams or as the number of portions were included. Those studies that assessed the general dietary patterns were not included in the present analysis. With respect to mental health, studies that assessed all the aspects of mental health in both healthy participants and subjects with physical health problems were included, but those conducted in groups of patients with intellectual disabilities, dementia, and eating disorders were excluded. To assess bias, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was applied. A total of 5911 studies were independently extracted by 2 researchers and verified if they met the inclusion criteria using a 2-stage procedure (based on the title, based on the abstract). After reviewing the full text, a total of 61 studies were selected. A narrative synthesis of the findings from the included studies was performed, which was structured around the type of outcome. The studies included mainly focused on depression and depressive symptoms, but also other characteristics ranging from general and mental well-being, quality of life, sleep quality, life satisfaction, flourishing, mood, self-efficacy, curiosity, creativity, optimism, self-esteem, stress, nervousness, or happiness, to anxiety, minor psychiatric disorders, distress, or attempted suicide, were analyzed. The most prominent results indicated that high total intake of fruits and vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups including berries, citrus, and green leafy vegetables, may promote higher levels of optimism and self-efficacy, as well as reduce the level of psychological distress, ambiguity, and cancer fatalism, and protect against depressive symptoms. However, it must be indicated that the studies included were conducted using various methodologies and in different populations, so their results were not always sufficiently comparable, which is a limitation. Taken together, it can be concluded that fruits and/or vegetables, and some of their specific subgroups, as well as processed fruits and vegetables, seems to have a positive influence on mental health, as stated in the vast majority of the included studies. Therefore, the general recommendation to consume at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables a day may be beneficial also for mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominika Głąbska
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Dominika Guzek
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
| | - Barbara Groele
- Department of Dietetics, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (D.G.); (K.G.)
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Dehghan M, Mente A, Teo KK, Gao P, Sleight P, Dagenais G, Avezum A, Probstfield JL, Dans T, Yusuf S. Relationship Between Healthy Diet and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Patients on Drug Therapies for Secondary Prevention. Circulation 2012; 126:2705-12. [PMID: 23212996 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.103234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Diet quality is strongly related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence, but little is known about its impact on CVD events in older people at high risk of CVD and receiving effective drugs for secondary prevention. This study assessed the association between diet quality and CVD events in a large population of subjects from 40 countries with CVD or diabetes mellitus with end-organ damage receiving proven medications.
Methods and Results—
Overall, 31 546 women and men 66.5±6.2 years of age enrolled in 2 randomized trials, the Ongoing Telmisartan Alone and in Combination With Ramipril Global End Point Trial (ONTARGET) and the Telmisartan Randomized Assessment Study in ACEI Intolerant Subjects With Cardiovascular Disease (TRANSCEND), were studied. We used 2 dietary indexes: the modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index and the Diet Risk Score. The association between diet quality and the primary composite outcome of CV death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or congestive heart failure was assessed with Cox proportional hazard regression with adjustment for age, sex, trial enrollment allocation, region, and other known confounders. During the 56-month follow-up, there were 5190 events. Patients in the healthier quintiles of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index scores had a significantly lower risk of CVD (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.71–0.87, top versus lowest quintile of modified Alternative Healthy Eating Index). The reductions in risk for CV death, myocardial infarction, and stroke were 35%, 14%, and 19%, respectively. The protective association was consistent regardless of whether patients were receiving proven drugs.
Conclusions—
A higher-quality diet was associated with a lower risk of recurrent CVD events among people ≥55 years of age with CVD or diabetes mellitus. Highlighting the importance of healthy eating by health professionals would substantially reduce CVD recurrence and save lives globally.
Clinical Trial Registration—
URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00153101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Dehghan
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Andrew Mente
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Koon K. Teo
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Peggy Gao
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Peter Sleight
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Gilles Dagenais
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Alvaro Avezum
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Jeffrey L. Probstfield
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Tony Dans
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
| | - Salim Yusuf
- From the Population Health Research Institute (M.D., A.M., K.K.T., P.G., S.Y.) and Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics (A.M.), McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK (P.S.); Laval University Heart and Lung Institute, Quebec, QC, Canada (G.D.); Research Division, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil (A.A.); University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle (J.L.P.); and Section of
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