Allele frequency data of 21 autosomal short tandem repeat loci in Mesan and Basra provinces in South Iraq

DNA Polymorphism of 13 Autosomal Short Tandem Repeats (STR) Loci in Mentawai Populations

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Indonesia consists of various ethnic groups with diverse cultures. However, research on allele frequencies and genetic variations of each ethnic group in Indonesia has not been well established. Therefore, a study was conducted on 13 STR loci panels to analyze the mentawai population as an enhancement of the Indonesian population's genetic data library and genetic variation. Mentawai is one of the Indonesian tribes who live on Mentawai Island, West Sumatera. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The PrepFiler kit to extract DNA from blood and the GlobalFiler kit for amplifying the 13 loci were used. The genetic analyzer ABI PRISM 3500 was used to detect PCR products. Data were processed and analyzed by EasyDNA and FORSTAT software. <b>Results:</b> The allele frequency data for 13 autosomal loci in Mentawai populations were obtained. Expected heterozygosity was found with a minimum of 0.607 for TPOX and a maximum of 0.866 for FGA. Power of discrimination (PD) values ranges from TPOX (0.792) to FGA (0.968). Polymorphic information content (PIC) values for all loci were high, ranging from 0.642 for TPOX to 0.921 for vWA. Three off-ladder alleles in these findings were detected. Allele 6.3 at the TH01 loci and allele 14.2 at the D18S51 loci are exquisite. The mean expected heterozygosity and mean power of discrimination value across the 13 loci were 75.9 and 90.1%, indicating striking gene diversity. <b>Conclusion:</b> These 13 STR loci can be used for population genetic studies and forensic identification.

Genetic Analysis of TPOX, CSF1PO, D3S1358, D8S1179, vWA, D5S818, and TH01 Short Tandem Repeats Loci in Nias Population, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Nias is an island located off the western coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. Nias is situated above the Eurasian and Indo-Australian subduction zone plates. This makes it prone to earthquakes and tsunamis. Genetic analysis and genetic variation of short tandem repeats (STR) locus are not widely known. These data are valuable for individual identification and paternity testing. METHODS: Seven STR loci (TPOX, CSF1PO, D3S1358, D8S1179, vWA, D5S818, and TH01) were analyzed using 25 healthy and unrelated persons Nias population. Allele frequency, power of discrimination (PD), expected heterozygosity, and probability of exclusion (PE) were calculated. RESULTS: We found 40 alleles. The allele with highest frequency was alleles 9 at the TH01 loci. While the lowest frequency were allele 9 at the CSF1PO loci, allele 12 at the TPOX loci, alleles 17 and 18 at the D8S1179 loci, and alleles 16 and 20 at the vWA loci. The highest Expected Heterozygosity, PD, and PE at the D8S1179 loci. The highest number of alleles is also at D8S1179 loci. All loci followed the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (p > 0.05). The PD values for all tested loci ranged from 80.6 to 94.5%. CONCLUSION: We report the allele frequencies and forensic statistical parameters of seven STR loci (TPOX, CSF1PO, D3S1358, D8S1179, vWA, D5S818, and TH01) in the Nias population, which can be used as a forensic database reference for Nias populations.

Useful autosomal STR marker sets for forensic and paternity applications in the Central Indian population

BACKGROUND

Many countries have developed their core set of STR loci for forensic application and database generation, which India lacks.

AIM

To assess the usefulness of various combinations of autosomal STR marker sets for their superior use in the central Indian population for forensic and paternity applications.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

19 STR marker sets were analysed on 200 central Indian populations and 20 paternity cases to assess their usefulness.

RESULTS

Two marker sets each comprising 19 STR markers are found to be superior to 20 expanded CODIS loci in the studied population. These marker sets also showed their effectiveness in 20 paternity cases having CPI values of 7.62 × 10¹¹ and 7.16 × 10¹¹. Three non-CODIS STR markers Penta E, Penta D, and SE33 showed amplification in 50 challenging samples with >0.80 heterozygosity.

CONCLUSION

Population-specific STR marker sets are useful in forensic and paternity applications, as well as database generation, and it is envisioned that Penta E, Penta D, and SE33 markers will be included in the list of core STR loci in the central Indian population.

Analysis of forensic genetic parameters of 22 autosomal STR markers (PowerPlex® Fusion System) in a population sample from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Background: Bosnia and Herzegovina is a multinational and multireligious country, located in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula. Migrations through history were a key factor in the genetic identity of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian population.Aim: To analyse genetic polymorphisms of 22 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci in the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina and to compare STR allele frequencies for STR loci with the reference data for European populations.Subjects and methods: The study was conducted among 600 unrelated individuals from all regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Genotyping was performed using the PowerPlex^® Fusion amplification kit. Allele frequencies and statistical parameters were calculated, as well as the genetic distance among analysed populations through the construction of a neighbor-joining dendrogram.Results: STR loci included in the PowerPlex^® Fusion amplification kit showed high discriminatory power indicating their reliability for human identification and paternity testing. The neighbor-joining dendrogram based on the results of genetic distance analysis showed that the Bosnian and Herzegovinian population has the greatest genetic distance from Turkish and Hungarian populations and greatest similarity with Croatian, Slovenian, and Serbian populations.Conclusion: The results of this study strongly support the application of 22 autosomal genetic markers for paternity testing and personal identity testing and are in agreement with most previous human studies in the investigated human populations.

Historical Environment Is Reflected in Modern Population Genetics and Biogeography of an Island Endemic Lizard (Xantusia riversiana reticulata)

The restricted distribution and isolation of island endemics often produces unique genetic and phenotypic diversity of conservation interest to management agencies. However, these isolated species, especially those with sensitive life history traits, are at high risk for the adverse effects of genetic drift and habitat degradation by non-native wildlife. Here, we study the population genetic diversity, structure, and stability of a classic “island giant” (Xantusia riversiana, the Island Night Lizard) on San Clemente Island, California following the removal of feral goats. Using DNA microsatellites, we found that this population is reasonably genetically robust despite historical grazing, with similar effective population sizes and genetic diversity metrics across all sampling locations irrespective of habitat type and degree of degradation. However, we also found strong site-specific patterns of genetic variation and low genetic diversity compared to mainland congeners, warranting continued special management as an island endemic. We identify both high and low elevation areas that remain valuable repositories of genetic diversity and provide a case study for other low-dispersal coastal organisms in the face of future climate change.