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Altwaijri Y, Benjet C, Al-Habeeb A, Al-Subaie A, Akkad M, Alammar S, Bilal L, Naseem T. Suicidal thoughts and behaviors in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. J Affect Disord 2024; 352:429-436. [PMID: 38382818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) constitute an escalating public health concern globally. Despite the growing burden of suicidal ideation, plan, and attempts, national information on the trends of STB is lacking in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Therefore, we aim to report on the prevalence, correlates, and treatment-seeking behaviors associated with STB in the country using nationally representative information from The Saudi National Mental Health Survey (SNMHS). METHODS The SNMHS is a national household survey of Saudi citizens aged 15-65 (n = 4004). The adapted Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 3.0 was administered to produce lifetime and 12-month prevalence and treatment estimates of STB in the KSA. Associated correlates were calculated using cross tabulations and logistic regressions. RESULTS Suicidal ideation, plan, and attempt had respective lifetime prevalence rates of 4.90 %, 1.78 %, and 1.46 %; 12-month prevalence rates of 1.82 %, 0.89 %, and 0.63 %. Significant correlates of STB include younger age, female gender, low education, urban rearing, and singe marital status. STB were also significantly associated with the presence of prior mental disorders, childhood adversities, and low treatment-seeking. CONCLUSIONS High unmet need and significant sociocultural and psychological risk factors have been identified in association with STB in the KSA. Given the community-based nature of the SNMHS and the limited national data on STB in the Middle East and North Africa region, our findings can extend to inform the necessary healthcare policies, treatment plans, and prevention strategies needed to alleviate the burdens of STB in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Altwaijri
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Corina Benjet
- Center for Global Mental Health, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Abdulhameed Al-Habeeb
- National Center for Mental Health Promotion, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al-Subaie
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychiatry, Edrak Medical Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marya Akkad
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah Alammar
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lisa Bilal
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Naseem
- Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Scientific Computing Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Research Department, King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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AlGheryafi ZF, Alnasser FF, Almukhtar FH, Aldajani FA, Al Qassim FH, Al Zakaria ZM, Alshammari SO, Menezes RG. Differentiating suicide from homicide in sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds: A scoping review. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2024; 67:102388. [PMID: 38219705 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2023.102388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
The majority of sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds are homicides. However, suicidal sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds are also reported. Thus, distinguishing suicidal stab and/or incised wounds from homicidal stab and/or incised wounds is significant from the forensic perspective. This scoping review primarily summarizes the existing research findings on the differentiation of suicide from homicide in sharp-force fatalities with stab and/or incised wounds. The literature was systematically searched on February 28, 2023, using the PubMed database. A search string formed by a combination of keywords related to suicide, homicide, and stab and incised wounds yielded 23 records. After applying the eligibility criteria, six records/studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present scoping review. Results showed that the predictive strength of various parameters, either individually or collectively, in diagnosing the manner of sharp-force fatality as suicide or homicide is not always hundred percent accurate. Some of the important predictors of the homicidal manner of death in sharp-force fatalities include clothing damage, presence of defense injuries, presence of injuries caused by another type of violence other than sharp-force, vertically oriented chest stabs, and sharp-force injuries in the head and back anatomical sites. Some of the important predictors of the suicidal manner of death in sharp-force fatalities include the presence of tentative injuries, sharp-force injuries to the wrist, and the presence of a suicide note.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Fathi AlGheryafi
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Foud Alnasser
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima Hussain Almukhtar
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Abdullatef Aldajani
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatimah Hussain Al Qassim
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Mohammed Al Zakaria
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shoq Obeid Alshammari
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ritesh G Menezes
- College of Medicine, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
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Kasim AAA, Alzubaidi FM, Zakari YH, Shatwan AAA, Mulla SS, Alasmari A, Ibrahim SF. The manner of death in a case with two stab wounds caused by two weapons: case report. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00316-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Stabbing is a relatively uncommon method of suicide. Typical suicide is usually associated with tentative wounds. Self-stabbing using two sharp weapons to produce two stab wounds without tentative marks is an uncommon incidence.
Case presentation
A 42-year-old Austronesian descent male with a history of family troubles was found dead by his friend inside a clothing store; two kitchen knives were present on both sides of the body. There were two stab wounds in the chest and the abdomen without any superficial hesitation cuts. At the crime scene, there were two blood pools.
Conclusion
The number of injuries with the absence of hesitation injuries raised suspicions of an atypical case of suicide that necessitated further forensic investigations. However, the circumstantial evidence and autopsy findings demonstrated that suicide was the cause of death.
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Al-Waheeb S, Al-Kandery N, Al-Omair N, Mahdi A. Patterns of suicide in Kuwait from 2014 to 2018. Public Health 2020; 187:1-7. [PMID: 32866817 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Suicide is a public health problem in many countries around the world and is one of the top ten causes of death internationally. We performed a retrospective study from 2014 to 2018 to study the patterns of suicide in Kuwait. STUDY DESIGN After reviewing files from the General department of Criminal Evidence, we collected a total of 297 in our study period that were signed out as suicide fatalities. METHODS The relationship between demographic factors (e.g. age, sex, residential area) and suicides were studied using various statistical methodologies. RESULTS The majority of the 297 samples were in the age range of 19-35 years (180; 60.6%) and 36-65 years (107; 36%). Males constituted the majority of cases (241; 81.1%). The sample consisted of 20 different nationalities. More than half of the 297 samples were Indian (179; 60.2%), whereas Kuwaitis were a minority (22; 7.4%). Hanging was the preferred method of suicide in our study population (269; 90.6%). The governorate of Ahmadi had the highest death toll (89; 30%), followed by Farwaniyah (77; 25.9%) and Jahra (64; 21.5%). CONCLUSION The government of the State of Kuwait needs to target the group that has the largest number of fatalities by increasing education and awareness of employers and employees to the danger of this condition and the driving factors that lead people to it.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Waheeb
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Jabriyah City, State of Kuwait, Kuwait.
| | - N Al-Kandery
- General Department of Criminal Evidence, Ministry of Interior, Farwaniyah City, State of Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - N Al-Omair
- General Department of Criminal Evidence, Ministry of Interior, Farwaniyah City, State of Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - A Mahdi
- General Department of Criminal Evidence, Ministry of Interior, Farwaniyah City, State of Kuwait, Kuwait
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Elshatarat RA, Yacoub MI, Saleh ZT, Ebeid IA, Abu Raddaha AH, Al-Za'areer MS, Maabreh RS. Perinatal Nurses' and Midwives' Knowledge About Assessment and Management of Postpartum Depression. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2018; 56:36-46. [DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20180612-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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