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Liu J, Li J, Yuan G, Cao T, He X. Relationship between Sjogren's syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15400. [PMID: 38965329 PMCID: PMC11224283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65512-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical incidence of sjogren's syndrome combined with gastroesophageal reflux disease is high. Existing observational studies have shown inconsistent results in the association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Sjogren's syndrome (SS).We observed that the symptoms of SS patients also improved after receiving GERD-related treatment. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the relationship between GERD and SS through a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Independent SNPs associated with GERD and SS were selected from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) as instrumental variables to conduct a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian analysis of GERD and SS. Genetic data were obtained from two databases for the following two outcomes: Gastroesophageal reflux (IEU Open GWAS) [sample size = 602,604 (patients = 129,080; nonpatients = 473,524)] and SS (FinnGen) [sample size = 392,423 (patients = 2,495; nonpatients = 389,928)]. Statistical methods for the MR analysis included the inverse-variance weighting method, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode, as well as heterogeneity and sensitivity analyses using the Cochran Q statistic, MR‒Egger regression, outlier detection methods (MR-PRESSO). In addition, Steiger Test was conducted to test the direction of causality. MR analysis showed a positive correlation between GERD and SS risk [odds ratio (OR) = 1.3279 (95% confidence interval 1.0312-1.7099, P = 0.0280)]. However, in contrast, no significant causal effect of SS on GERD was observed [OR = 1.0024 (95% CI 0.9651-1.0412; P = 0.8995)]. This bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study confirmed a causal relationship between SS and GERD, and suggested that GERD is a risk factor for SS, while SS does not affect GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guanghui Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tingting Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xiaojin He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No.155, Hanzhong Road, Qinhuai District, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Rihab B, Lina EH, Noémie ST, Jean S, Marjolaine G. The experience of dry mouth and screening for Sjogren's syndrome by the dentist: patient-reported experiences. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:1010. [PMID: 38102574 PMCID: PMC10724976 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03727-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the main clinical features of Sjögren's Syndrome is oral dryness, which is associated with an increased risk of oral diseases and a lower oral life quality. Dentists have a key role to play in the Sjögren's Syndrome diagnosis and specific management. In parallel, many patients rely on patient associations, which offer opportunities for members to seek information about their disease and share their experiences. We aimed to evaluate patients experience with dry mouth and the importance of dentists in Sjögren's Syndrome diagnosis and its management. METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional survey in 2020 based on a questionnaire drafted in collaboration with clinicians specializing in Sjögren's Syndrome and patient members of a patient association. The survey consisted of 27 questions divided into the six sections: the patient's profile, their experience with dry mouth and treatments used to manage, characteristics of experienced oral-health problems, effects of dry mouth and its consequences on the quality of life, evaluation of the dentist role in the screening of Sjögren's Syndrome, and its management by the dentist. Recruitment was carried out via the patient association's newsletter, website, and social networks. Sjögren's diagnosis was self-reported. RESULTS One thousand four hundred fifty-eight patients fully responded to the survey. Most respondents were women over 50 and were mainly concerned with primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Overall, 86.97% of respondents reported experiencing frequent or constant dry mouth and 69.01% declared having had oral problems (candidiasis, oral pain, loss or alteration of taste, bad breath, gastro-esophageal reflux). We found a positive correlation between the frequency of dry mouth and each of these disorders and between the frequency of dry mouth and alterations in life quality dimensions. Finally, 74.9% of patients did not report having dry mouth to their dentist prior to being diagnosed with Sjögren's Syndrome and 58% had not been informed about the oral risks associated with it by their dentist and sought information themselves or from their physician. CONCLUSIONS We confirm the significant consequences of dry mouth on oral quality of life, as well as its association with oral health problems. Sjögren's Syndrome screening by dentists should be increased, as well as prevention of the associated oral health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boughanmi Rihab
- Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Charles Foix, Ivry/seine, F-94200, France
- Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université de Monastir, LR12ES11, Monastir, 5000, Tunisia
| | - El Houari Lina
- AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, Département de Santé Publique, Centre de Pharmacoépidémiologie (Cephepi), Unité de Recherche Clinique PSL-CFX, CIC-1901, Paris, F75013, France
| | - Simon-Tillaux Noémie
- Département de Santé Publique, Centre de Pharmacoépidémiologie (Cephepi), Unité de Recherche Clinique PSL-CFX, Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière, CIC-1901, Paris, F75013, France
| | - Saide Jean
- Association Française pour les Patients atteints de Gougerot Sjögren et des Syndromes Secs, Paris, F- 75018, France
| | - Gosset Marjolaine
- Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Charles Foix, Ivry/seine, F-94200, France.
- Université Paris Cité, URP 2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, Montrouge, F-92120, France.
- Laboratoire d'Excellence INFLAMEX, Paris, France.
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Semmler M, Kniesburges S, Pelka F, Ensthaler M, Wendler O, Schützenberger A. Influence of Reduced Saliva Production on Phonation in Patients With Ectodermal Dysplasia. J Voice 2023; 37:913-923. [PMID: 34353685 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with ectodermal dysplasia (ED) suffer from an inherited disorder in the development of the ectodermal structures. Besides the main symptoms, i.e. significantly reduced formation/expression of teeth, hair and sweat glands, a decreased saliva production is objectively accounted. In addition to difficulties with chewing/swallowing, ED patients frequently report on the subjective impression of rough and hoarse voices. A correlation between the reduced production of saliva and an affliction of the voice has not yet been investigated objectively for this rare disease. METHODS Following an established measurement protocol, a study has been conducted on 31 patients with ED and 47 controls (no ED, healthy voice). Additionally, the vocal fold oscillations were recorded by high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV@4 kHz). The glottal area waveform was determined by segmentation and objective glottal dynamic parameters were calculated. The generated acoustic signal was evaluated by objective and subjective measures. The individual impairment was documented by a standardized questionnaire (VHI). Additionally, the amount of generated saliva was measured for a defined period of time. RESULTS ED patients displayed a significantly reduced saliva production compared to the control group. Furthermore, the auditory-perceptual evaluation yielded significantly higher ratings for breathiness and hoarseness in the voices of male ED patients compared to male controls. The majority of male ED patients (67%) indicated at least minor impairment in the self-evaluation. Objective acoustic measures like Jitter and Shimmer confirmed the decreased acoustic quality in male ED patients, whereas none of the investigated HSV parameters showed significant differences between the test groups. Statistical analysis did not confirm a statistically significant correlation between reduced voice quality and amount of saliva. CONCLUSIONS An objective impairment of the acoustic outcome was demonstrated for male ED patients. However, the vocal folds dynamics in HSV recordings seem unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Semmler
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Stefan Kniesburges
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Pelka
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Ensthaler
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olaf Wendler
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Schützenberger
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School, Erlangen, Germany
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McCoy SS, Hetzel S, VanWormer JJ, Bartels CM. Sex hormones, body mass index, and related comorbidities associated with developing Sjögren's disease: a nested case-control study. Clin Rheumatol 2022; 41:3065-3074. [PMID: 35701626 PMCID: PMC9610811 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-022-06226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sjögren's disease (SjD), a highly female predominant systemic autoimmune disease, peaks in perimenopause. Prior studies lack details on timing or type of sex hormone exposure. We examined SjD risk using endogenous and exogenous hormone exposure and related comorbidities. METHODS We performed a retrospective case-control study of adult women, nested within a population cohort. Cases had SjD diagnosed by a rheumatology provider or two SjD diagnoses from a non-rheumatology provider with a positive anti-SSA antibody or salivary gland biopsy. Cases were age-matched to three SjD-free controls. We calculated modified composite estrogen scores (mCES) and collected demographics, comorbidities, and endogenous and exogenous hormone exposures. Risk ratios were adjusted for demographics. RESULTS Of 546 SjD cases and 1637 age-matched controls, mCES was not significantly associated with SjD in adjusted models. The top individual hormone exposures associated with SjD included estrogen replacement therapy (ERT; RR 1.78 [95% CI 1.47-2.14]), polycystic ovarian syndrome (1.65 [1.28-2.12]), and hysterectomy without bilateral oophorectomy (1.51 [1.13-2.03]). We identified comorbidities preceding SjD including fibromyalgia, pulmonary disease, diabetes, lymphoma, osteoporosis, peripheral vascular disease, and renal disease. Taking comorbidities into account, we developed a predictive model for SjD that included fibromyalgia (2.50 [1.93-3.25]), osteoporosis (1.84 [1.27-2.66]), hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (1.61 [1.22-2.12]), diabetes (0.27 [0.13-0.50]), and body mass index (BMI) (0.97 [0.95-0.99]). CONCLUSIONS We report a novel algorithm to improve identifying patients at risk for SjD and describe sex hormone association with SjD. Finally, we report new comorbidities associated with SjD decrease, BMI and diabetes, and increase, lymphoma and osteoporosis.. Key Points •Given female predominance and typical perimenopausal onset, sex hormones should be considered when studying comorbidities in Sjögren's disease. •The top exposures associated with developing Sjögren's disease included fibromyalgia, osteoporosis, and use of hormone replacement therapy. Possible protective factors included prior diabetes and higher body mass index. •We used our newly identified exposures to generate a predictive algorithm, which has potential to improve diagnosis and pathogenic insights into Sjögren's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara S McCoy
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705-2281, USA.
| | - Scott Hetzel
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Population Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jeffrey J VanWormer
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Population Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Christie M Bartels
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, 1685 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53705-2281, USA
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Gau SY, Lai JN, Yip HT, Wu MC, Wei JCC. Higher Dementia Risk in People With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Real-World Evidence. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:830729. [PMID: 35444524 PMCID: PMC9014245 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.830729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundWhether or not patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have a higher risk of developing subsequent dementia remains unknown, and no observational evidence from population-based data is available. This study was to determine whether patients with GERD have a higher future risk of developing dementia.MethodsFor the period 2000–2012, datasets from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database (LHID, subset of National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan) were analyzed. Definition of GERD was based on ICD-9-CM codes 530.11 and 530.81 and prescriptions for PPIs. After matching gender, age, index year, and comorbidities, each GERD patient was matched with four control patients without GERD. Future risk of dementia was evaluated, and sensitivity analysis of subgroups was conducted to clarify the potential association.ResultsIn the present study, 13,570 patients were included in the GERD cohort and 54,280 patients were included in the control cohort. Patients with GERD showed higher risk developing dementia than control group, with an aHR of 1.34 (95% C.I., 1.07, 1.67). In GERD patients between above 70 years old, the risk of developing dementia was higher than that of the control groups (aHR = 1.34; 95% C.I., 1.01, 1.77).ConclusionPatients with GERD showed higher incidence of dementia, and elder patients had the highest risk of developing dementia. Clinicians should be concern of the association between GERD and dementia and should develop strategies to prevent dementia while managing patients with GERD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Yan Gau
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Nien Lai
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hei-Tung Yip
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Che Wu
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - James Cheng-Chung Wei
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin C, Wu K, Yao C, Tsai C, Tai W, Liang C, Chou Y, Chuah S. Clinical characteristics and esophageal motility in Sjögren's syndrome: A single‐center study in Taiwan. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2021; 8:218-223. [DOI: 10.1002/aid2.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractSjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that may cause inflammation of exocrine glands, including the salivary glands. Some patients with Sjögren's syndrome also have gastrointestinal disease, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease. A few studies have shown that an association might exist between Sjögren's syndrome and esophageal motility disorder, but the results have been inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between clinical symptoms and esophageal motility function in patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Fifty‐six patients with suspected esophageal reflux or motility disease who had undergone esophagogastroduodenoscopy and esophageal manometry were retrospectively enrolled. Thirteen patients were diagnosed as having Sjögren's syndrome according to the American‐European Consensus Criteria. Forty‐three patients without any rheumatic disease or esophageal motor disorder were designated as the control group. We compared the clinical symptoms and endoscopic and esophageal manometric findings between the Sjögren's syndrome and the control groups. Acid regurgitation was more prevalent in the Sjögren's syndrome group (53.8%) than in the control group (11.6%) (P = .003), but the endoscopic findings of reflux esophagitis were similar in both groups (Sjögren's: 38.5%; control: 39.5%; P = .945). Barrett's esophagus was more prevalent in the Sjögren's syndrome group than in the control group (15.4% vs 0%, respectively; P = .051). The upper esophageal sphincter was shorter in the Sjögren's syndrome group than in the control group (2.38 ± 0.65 cm vs 3.07 ± 0.74 cm, respectively; P = .003). More reflux symptoms and distinct motility patterns were found in the Sjögren's syndrome group as compared with the control subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Yu Lin
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Keng‐Liang Wu
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
- College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Chien Yao
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Cheng‐En Tsai
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Wei‐Chen Tai
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
- College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
| | - Chih‐Ming Liang
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Yeh‐Pin Chou
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Seng‐Kee Chuah
- Division of Hepatogastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan
- College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan
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Cardiac involvement in primary Sjӧgren's syndrome. Rheumatol Int 2021; 42:179-189. [PMID: 34387735 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-021-04970-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Primary Sjӧgren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune-mediated, inflammatory, and systemic connective tissue disease (CTD), especially in middle-aged women, which often involves multiple systems and organs of the body. In fact, the heart is an important target organ in patients with pSS. In recent years, it has been confirmed that the morbidity of cardiac involvement has increased in patients with pSS, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the main causes of death. The increased risk of CVD in pSS patients is associated with a great variety of risk factors, such as age, gender, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, disease duration, extra-glandular manifestations, therapeutic drugs of pSS, and so on. Early recognition and effective treatment of CVD may play a crucial role in improving adverse cardiovascular prognosis. Whereas cardiac involvement is closely related to patient prognosis and survival, the cardiac involvement of patients with pSS remains poorly studied. Therefore, this article reviews the cardiovascular risk factors, clinical manifestations of cardiac involvement, cardiovascular biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies of pSS patients.
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Fass R, Boeckxstaens GE, El-Serag H, Rosen R, Sifrim D, Vaezi MF. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2021; 7:55. [PMID: 34326345 DOI: 10.1038/s41572-021-00287-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder in adults and children. The global prevalence of GERD is high and increasing. Non-erosive reflux disease is the most common phenotype of GERD. Heartburn and regurgitation are considered classic symptoms but GERD may present with various atypical and extra-oesophageal manifestations. The pathophysiology of GERD is multifactorial and different mechanisms may result in GERD symptoms, including gastric composition and motility, anti-reflux barrier, refluxate characteristics, clearance mechanisms, mucosal integrity and symptom perception. In clinical practice, the diagnosis of GERD is commonly established on the basis of response to anti-reflux treatment; however, a more accurate diagnosis requires testing that includes upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy and reflux monitoring. New techniques and new reflux testing parameters help to better phenotype the condition. In children, the diagnosis of GERD is primarily based on history and physical examination and treatment vary with age. Treatment in adults includes a combination of lifestyle modifications with pharmacological, endoscopic or surgical intervention. In refractory GERD, optimization of proton-pump inhibitor treatment should be attempted before a series of diagnostic tests to assess the patient's phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronnie Fass
- The Esophageal and Swallowing Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical System, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Guy E Boeckxstaens
- Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hashem El-Serag
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Rosen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Sifrim
- Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Royal London Hospital, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Michael F Vaezi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Pego-Reigosa JM, Restrepo Vélez J, Baldini C, Rúa-Figueroa Fernández de Larrinoa Í. Comorbidities (excluding lymphoma) in Sjögren's syndrome. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 60:2075-2084. [PMID: 30770715 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The information about comorbidities (excluding lymphoma) in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is relatively scarce. Cardiovascular disease, infections, musculoskeletal conditions or malignancy are likely the most relevant comorbid conditions in pSS. Different infections (particularly oral candidal infections) and fibromyalgia are extremely frequent in the daily clinical practice. On the other hand, the incidence of cardiovascular events and cancer in pSS is low, so information about them comes from large epidemiological studies or meta-analysis. For this reason, preclinical vascular disease is investigated by different techniques, demonstrating the presence of early atherosclerosis in pSS patients. Coronary events could be slightly more frequent in pSS than in the general population. The overall risk of malignancy in pSS patients seems to be slightly increased, likely due to excess occurrence of lymphoma. An association between pSS and thyroid cancer might exist, although it should be confirmed by further investigations.
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Akiyama J, Sumida J, Nakagawa K, Masamune A, Issariyakulkarn N, Patcharatrakul T, Shetler K, Kuribayashi S, Uraoka T, Triadafilopoulos G. New developments in esophageal function testing and esophageal manifestations of connective tissue disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2020; 1481:170-181. [DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Akiyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Junko Sumida
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology National Center for Global Health and Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Kenichiro Nakagawa
- Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Atsushi Masamune
- Division of Gastroenterology Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine Sendai Japan
| | - Navapan Issariyakulkarn
- Division of Gastroenterology King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Thai Red Cross Society Bangkok Thailand
| | - Tanisa Patcharatrakul
- Division of Gastroenterology King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital Thai Red Cross Society Bangkok Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Neurogastroenterology and Motility, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand
| | - Katerina Shetler
- Department of Gastroenterology Palo Alto Medical Foundation Mountain View California
| | - Shiko Kuribayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Maebashi Japan
| | - Toshio Uraoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Maebashi Japan
| | - George Triadafilopoulos
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford California
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Beltai A, Barnetche T, Daien C, Lukas C, Gaujoux-Viala C, Combe B, Morel J. Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:131-139. [PMID: 30570824 DOI: 10.1002/acr.23821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the cardiovascular risk of patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS) remains poorly studied. We aimed to investigate the association between primary SS and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. METHODS We performed a systematic review of articles in Medline and the Cochrane Library and recent abstracts from US and European meetings, searching for reports of randomized controlled studies of cardiovascular morbidity and cardiovascular mortality in primary SS. The relative risk (RR) values for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality associated with primary SS were collected and pooled in a meta-analysis with a random-effects model by using Review Manager (Cochrane collaboration). RESULTS The literature search revealed 484 articles and abstracts of interest; 14 studies (67,124 patients with primary SS) were included in the meta-analysis. With primary SS versus control populations, the risk was significantly increased for coronary morbidity (RR 1.34 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.06-1.38]; P = 0.01), cerebrovascular morbidity (RR 1.46 [95% CI 1.43-1.49]; P < 0.00001), heart failure rate (odds ratio 2.54 [95% CI 1.30-4.97]; P < 0.007), and thromboembolic morbidity (RR 1.78 [95% CI 1.41-2.25]; P < 0.00001), with no statistically significant increased risk of cardiovascular mortality (RR 1.48 [95% CI 0.77-2.85]; P = 0.24). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis demonstrates that primary SS is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity, which suggests that these patients should be screened for cardiovascular comorbidities and considered for preventive interventions, in a multidisciplinary approach with cardiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Beltai
- CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Claire Daien
- CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cedric Lukas
- CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Gaujoux-Viala
- Teaching Hospital of Nîmes, Nîmes, and University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Combe
- CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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12
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Vivino FB, Bunya VY, Massaro-Giordano G, Johr CR, Giattino SL, Schorpion A, Shafer B, Peck A, Sivils K, Rasmussen A, Chiorini JA, He J, Ambrus JL. Sjogren's syndrome: An update on disease pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment. Clin Immunol 2019; 203:81-121. [PMID: 31022578 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick B Vivino
- Penn Sjögren's Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Vatinee Y Bunya
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 N. 39(th) Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Giacomina Massaro-Giordano
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 N. 39(th) Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Chadwick R Johr
- Penn Sjögren's Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Stephanie L Giattino
- Penn Sjögren's Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Annemarie Schorpion
- Penn Sjögren's Center, Penn Presbyterian Medical Center, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 3737 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Brian Shafer
- Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, 51 N. 39(th) Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Ammon Peck
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida College of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 100125, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Kathy Sivils
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, 825 NE 13th Street, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Astrid Rasmussen
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Program, 825 NE 13th Street, OK 73104, USA.
| | - John A Chiorini
- NIH, Adeno-Associated Virus Biology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, Building 10, Room 1n113, 10 Center DR Msc 1190, Bethesda, MD 20892-1190, USA.
| | - Jing He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Julian L Ambrus
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, SUNY at Buffalo School of Medicine, 100 High Street, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
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13
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Dietary Intake, Body Composition, and Oral Health Parameters among Female Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10070866. [PMID: 29973575 PMCID: PMC6073564 DOI: 10.3390/nu10070866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is limited knowledge about dietary intake and body composition among patients with primary Sjögren’s syndrome. We assessed dietary intakes with 24-h recalls and body composition with anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance in 20 female patients. Various scoring tools were used to assess oral health. The patients had a lower energy percentage (E%) from carbohydrates (p = 0.02) and a higher E% from fat (p = 0.01) compared to a reference group. The lower intake of carbohydrates was due to a lower bread intake (p = 0.04), while the higher intake of fat was due to a higher intake of butter, margarine, and oil (p = 0.01). The patients ate more than twice (p = 0.02) as much fish as the reference group. The compliance to recommended intakes of macro- and micronutrients was good. Forty-percent of the patients were overweight/obese. Increased intake of beverages was observed in patients with severe xerostomia and/or low oral health-related quality of life, whereas reduced fat intake was found in hyposmic patients. In conclusion, the dietary intake among the patients was not much different from the reference group and complied with recommendations. Most oral health parameters were not associated with nutrient intakes. Specific dietary guidelines are probably not needed to ensure adequate nutrition among such patients.
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14
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Shimazu R, Yamamoto M, Minesaki A, Kuratomi Y. Dental and oropharyngeal lesions in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2017; 45:522-526. [PMID: 28882408 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated pathological changes in the tooth and pharynx of GERD rats to elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and oral and pharyngeal diseases. METHODS An experimental rat model of chronic acid reflux esophagitis was surgically created. The oral cavities were observed histologically every 2 weeks until 20 weeks after surgery. RESULTS At 10 weeks after surgery, molar crown heights in GERD rats were shorter than that in control rats, and inflammatory cell infiltration by gastric acid reflux was found in the periodontal mucosa of GERD rats. Furthermore, dental erosion progressed in GERD rats at 20 weeks after surgery, and enamel erosion and dentin exposure were observed. During the same period, inflammatory cell infiltration was observed in the mucosa of the posterior part of the tongue. These findings suggest that gastric acid reflux may be one of the exacerbating factors of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis. CONCLUSION We investigated oral changes in an experimental rat model of GERD and observed development of dental erosion, periodontitis and glossitis. Our findings suggested chronic gastric acid reflux may be involved in the pathogenesis of oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rintaro Shimazu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849 8501, Japan.
| | - Mihoko Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849 8501, Japan
| | - Akimichi Minesaki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849 8501, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kuratomi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849 8501, Japan
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