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Singh SB, Rindgen D, Bradley P, Suzuki T, Wang N, Wu H, Zhang B, Wang L, Ji C, Yu H, Soll RM, Olsen DB, Meinke PT, Nicoll-Griffith DA. Design, Synthesis, Structure–Function Relationship, Bioconversion, and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Ertapenem Prodrugs. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8421-44. [PMID: 25265501 DOI: 10.1021/jm500879a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheo B. Singh
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Diane Rindgen
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Prudence Bradley
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Takao Suzuki
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nengxue Wang
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Basheng Zhang
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongmin Ji
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongshi Yu
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - Richard M. Soll
- WuXi AppTec, 288 Fute Zhong
Road, Shanghai 200131, People’s Republic of China
| | - David B. Olsen
- Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Peter T. Meinke
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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Singh SB, Rindgen D, Bradley P, Cama L, Sun W, Hafey MJ, Suzuki T, Wang N, Wu H, Zhang B, Wang L, Ji C, Yu H, Soll R, Olsen DB, Meinke PT, Nicoll-Griffith DA. Design, synthesis, and evaluation of prodrugs of ertapenem. ACS Med Chem Lett 2013; 4:715-9. [PMID: 24900737 DOI: 10.1021/ml400092n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenems are intravenous lifesaving hospital antibiotics. Once patients leave the hospital, they are sent home with antibiotics other than carbapenems since they cannot be administered orally due to lack of oral absorption primarily because of very highly polarity. A prodrug approach is a bona fide strategy to improve oral absorption of compounds. Design and synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of diversified prodrugs of ertapenem, one of the only once daily dosed carbapenems is described. Many of the prodrugs prepared for evaluation are rapidly hydrolyzed in rat plasma. Only bis-(5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxol-4-yl)methyl (medoxomil) ester prodrug was rapidly hydrolyzed in most of the plasmas including rat, human, dog, and monkey. Although the rate of conversion of ertapenem diethyl ester prodrug (6) was slow in in vitro plasma hydrolysis, it showed the best in vivo pharmacokinetic profile in dog by an intraduodenal dosing giving >31% total oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheo B. Singh
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Diane Rindgen
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Prudence Bradley
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Lovji Cama
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Wanying Sun
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michael J. Hafey
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | | | | | - Hao Wu
- Wuxi Apptec, Shanghai, People Republic of China
| | | | - Li Wang
- Wuxi Apptec, Shanghai, People Republic of China
| | - Chongmin Ji
- Wuxi Apptec, Shanghai, People Republic of China
| | - Hongshi Yu
- Wuxi Apptec, Shanghai, People Republic of China
| | | | - David B. Olsen
- Merck Research Laboratories, West Point,
Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Peter T. Meinke
- Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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El-Gamal MI, Anbar HS, Chung HJ, Kim HI, Cho YJ, Lee BS, Lee SA, Moon JY, Lee DJ, Kwon D, Choi WJ, Jeon HR, Oh CH. Discovery of olmesartan hexetil: A new potential prodrug of olmesartan. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:1347-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.12.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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