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Sen'kova AV, Savin IA, Odarenko KV, Salomatina OV, Salakhutdinov NF, Zenkova MA, Markov AV. Protective effect of soloxolone derivatives in carrageenan- and LPS-driven acute inflammation: Pharmacological profiling and their effects on key inflammation-related processes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 159:114231. [PMID: 36640672 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory potential of three cyanoenone-containing triterpenoids, including soloxolone methyl (SM), soloxolone (S) and its novel derivative bearing at the C-30 amidoxime moiety (SAO), was studied in murine models of acute inflammation. It was found that the compounds effectively suppressed the development of carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis as well as lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-driven acute lung injury (ALI) with therapeutic outcomes comparable with that of the reference drugs indomethacin and dexamethasone. Non-immunogenic carrageenan-stimulated inflammation was more sensitive to the transformation of C-30 of SM compared with immunogenic LPS-induced inflammation: the anti-inflammatory properties of the studied compounds against carrageenan-induced paw edema and peritonitis decreased in the order of SAO > S > > SM, whereas the efficiency of these triterpenoids against LPS-driven ALI was similar (SAO ≈ S ≈ SM). Further studies demonstrated that soloxolone derivatives significantly inhibited a range of immune-related processes, including granulocyte influx and the expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the inflamed sites as well as the functional activity of macrophages. Moreover, SM was found to prevent inflammation-associated apoptosis of A549 pneumocytes and effectively inhibited the protease activity of thrombin (IC50 = 10.3 µM) tightly associated with rodent inflammatome. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that soloxolone derivatives can be considered as novel promising anti-inflammatory drug candidates with multi-targeted mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra V Sen'kova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Innokenty A Savin
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Kirill V Odarenko
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Oksana V Salomatina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Nariman F Salakhutdinov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 9, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Marina A Zenkova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - Andrey V Markov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Lavrent'ev avenue, 8, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia.
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Bioactive imidamide-based compounds targeted against nitric oxide synthase. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Minhas R, Bansal Y, Bansal G. Inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors: A comprehensive update. Med Res Rev 2019; 40:823-855. [PMID: 31502681 DOI: 10.1002/med.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which is expressed in response to bacterial/proinflammatory stimuli, generates nitric oxide (NO) that provides cytoprotection. Overexpression of iNOS increases the levels of NO, and this increased NO level is implicated in pathophysiology of complex multifactorial diseases like Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. Selective inhibition of iNOS is an effective approach in treatment of such complex diseases. l-Arginine, being a substrate for iNOS, is the natural lead to develop iNOS inhibitors. More than 200 research reports on development of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors by different research groups across the globe have appeared in literature so far. The first review on iNOS, in 2002, discussed the iNOS inhibitors under two classes that is, amino acid and non-amino acid derivatives. Other review articles discussing specific chemical classes of iNOS inhibitors also appeared during last decade. In the present review, all reports on both natural and synthetic iNOS inhibitors, published 2002 onwards, are studied, classified, and discussed to provide comprehensive information on iNOS inhibitors. The synthetic inhibitors are broadly classified into two categories that is, arginine and non-arginine analogs. The latter are further classified into amidines, five- or six-membered heterocyclics, fused cyclics, steroidal type, and chalcones analogs. Structures of the most/significantly potent compounds from each report are provided to know the functional groups important for incurring iNOS inhibitory activity and selectivity. This review is aimed to provide a comprehensive view to the medicinal chemists for rational designing of novel and potent iNOS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Minhas
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Yogita Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Gulshan Bansal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Thiadiazoline- and Pyrazoline-Based Carboxamides and Carbothioamides: Synthesis and Inhibition against Nitric Oxide Synthase. J CHEM-NY 2018. [DOI: 10.1155/2018/9242616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new families of pyrazoline and thiadiazoline heterocycles have been developed. Their inhibitory activities against two different isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (inducible and neuronal NOS) are reported. The novel derivatives were synthesized combining the arylthiadiazoline or arylpyrazoline skeleton and a carboxamide or carbothioamide moiety, used as starting material ethyl 2-nitrobenzoates or substituted nitrobenzaldehydes, respectively. The structure-activity relationships of final molecules are discussed in terms of the R1 radical effects in the aromatic ring, the Y atom in the heterocyclic system, the X heteroatom in the main chain, and the R2 substituent in the carboxamide or carbothioamide rest. In general, thiadiazolines (5a–e) inhibit preferentially the neuronal isoform; among them, 5a is the best nNOS inhibitor (74.11% at 1 mM, IC50 = 420 μM). In contrast, pyrazolines (6a–r) behave better as iNOS than nNOS inhibitors, 6m being the best molecule of this series (76.86% at 1 mM of iNOS inhibition, IC50 = 130 μM) and the most potent of all tested compounds.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Four isomeric structures of thiadiazole motifs have outstanding pharmacological inhibitory applications are reported in this review. Thiadiazole nucleus is present in several biologically active natural products and commercial drugs. Most of thiadiazoles reported herein are emphasized to have broad spectrum of medicinal activities. Areas covered: This review represents the recent inhibitory activities of thiadiazole isomeric scaffolds and their broad-spectrum biological applications published as full texts during 2010-2016 as well as the patents published during 2005-2016. The inhibition areas covered included anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antitumor, antioxidant, antitubercular, antiviral, antileishmanial, anticonvulsant, herbicidal and algicidal activities in addition to enzymes, human platelet aggregation and neuroprotective inhibitors. Expert opinion: This survey revealed very interesting data about the applications of thiadiazoles, where some synthetic or natural thiadiazole derivatives were components of drugs available in the market. Many thiadiazole derivatives can be considered as lead compounds for drug synthesis. The most inhibitory active 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds are those incorporating secondary alkyl(aryl)amido- and/or benzylthio(mercapto) groups at positions 2 and 5. Several thiadiazole derivatives demonstrated higher antibacterial, antitumor and antiviral activities than the standard drugs. Some thiadiazole derivatives exhibited high selective enzymes inhibitory activities based on the electronic properties of the substituents at positions 2 or 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal M Dawood
- a Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Kuwait University , Safat , Kuwait.,b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Giza , Egypt
| | - Thoraya A Farghaly
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Cairo University , Giza , Egypt.,c Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Applied Science , Umm Al-Qura University , Makkah Almukkarramah , Saudi Arabia
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Ameliorative effects of amide derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadiazoles on scopolamine induced cognitive dysfunction. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:557-573. [PMID: 27448914 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the effect of amide derivatives of 1,3,4-thiadizoles on scopolamine induced deficit cholinergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress serving as promising leads for the therapeutics of cognitive dysfunction. Fourteen compounds (2c-8d) have been synthesised and evaluated against behavioural alterations using step down passive avoidance protocol and morris water maze and at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg with reference to the standard, Rivastigmine. All the synthesised compounds were evaluated for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition at five different concentrations using mice brain homogenate as the source of the enzyme. Biochemical estimation of markers of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, plasma nitrite, catalase) has also been carried out to assess the role of synthesised molecules on the oxidative damage induced by scopolamine. The compounds 5c, 6c and 8c displayed appreciable activity with an IC50 value of 3 μM, 3.033 μM and 2.743 μM, respectively towards acetylcholinesterase inhibition. These compounds also decreased scopolamine induced oxidative stress, thus serving as promising leads for the amelioration of oxidative stress induced cognitive decline. The molecular docking study performed to predict the binding mode of the compounds also suggested that these compounds bind appreciably with the amino acids present in the active site of recombinant human acetylcholinesterase (rhAChE). The results indicated that these compounds could be further traversed as inhibitors of AChE and oxidative stress for the treatment of cognitive dysfunction.
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Pineda de las Infantas MJ, Carrión MD, Chayah M, López-Cara LC, Gallo MA, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Camacho ME. Synthesis of oxadiazoline and quinazolinone derivatives and their biological evaluation as nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-016-1568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chayah M, Carrión MD, Gallo MA, Jiménez R, Duarte J, Camacho ME. Development of urea and thiourea kynurenamine derivatives: synthesis, molecular modeling, and biological evaluation as nitric oxide synthase inhibitors. ChemMedChem 2015; 10:874-82. [PMID: 25801086 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein we describe the synthesis of a new family of kynurenamine derivatives with a urea or thiourea moiety, together with their in vitro biological evaluation as inhibitors of both neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthases (nNOS and iNOS, respectively), enzymes responsible for the biogenesis of NO. These compounds were synthesized from a 5-substituted-2-nitrophenyl vinyl ketone scaffold in a five-step procedure with moderate to high chemical yields. In general, the assayed compounds show greater inhibition of iNOS than of nNOS, with 1-[3-(2-amino-5-chlorophenyl)-3-oxopropyl]-3-ethylurea (compound 5 n) being the most potent iNOS inhibitor in the series and the most iNOS/nNOS-selective compound. In this regard, we performed molecular modeling studies to propose a binding mode for this family of compounds to both enzymes and, thereby, to elucidate the differential molecular features that could explain the observed selectivity between iNOS and nNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariem Chayah
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada (Spain)
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Hu Y, Li CY, Wang XM, Yang YH, Zhu HL. 1,3,4-Thiadiazole: synthesis, reactions, and applications in medicinal, agricultural, and materials chemistry. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5572-610. [PMID: 24716666 DOI: 10.1021/cr400131u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University , Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China
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Investigations on synthesis and structure elucidation of novel [1,2,4]triazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-1-thiones and their inhibitory activity against inducible nitric oxide synthase. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:5518-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Carrión MD, Chayah M, Entrena A, López A, Gallo MA, Acuña-Castroviejo D, Camacho ME. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole derivatives as potential nNOS/iNOS selective inhibitors. Part 2: Influence of diverse substituents in both the phenyl moiety and the acyl group. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:4132-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Carrión MD, López-Cara LC, Chayah M, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Gallo MA, Espinosa A, Entrena A, Camacho ME. NMR spectroscopic characterization of new 2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2012; 50:515-522. [PMID: 22693150 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.3830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The (1) H and (13) C NMR resonances of twenty-seven 2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-nitrophenyl-5-substituted)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazoles, and twenty-seven 3-acyl-5-(2-amino-5-substituted)-2,2-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazoles were assigned completely using the concerted application of one-dimensional and two-dimensional experiments (DEPT, HMQC and HMBC). NOESY experiments, X-ray crystallography and conformational analysis confirm the preferred conformation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dora Carrión
- Departamento de Química Farmacéutica y Orgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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