A novel amalgamation of 1,2,3-triazoles, piperidines and thieno pyridine rings and evaluation of their antifungal activity

Significance of Triazole in Medicinal Chemistry: Advancement in Drug Design, Reward and Biological Activity

One of the triazole tautomers, 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, has a wide range of biological activities that suggest its potential therapeutic utility in medicinal chemistry. These actions include anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-tuberculosis, and anti-diabetic effects. Using computational simulations and models, we investigate the structure-activity relationships of 1,2,4-triazoles, showing how various modifications to the triazole core yield a variety of clinical therapeutic benefits. The review highlights the anti-inflammatory effect of 1,2,4-triazoles in relation to their ability to disrupt significant inflammatory mediators and pathways. We present in-silico data that illuminate the triazoles' capacity to inhibit cell division, encourage apoptosis, and stop metastasis in a range of cancer models. This review looks at the bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives, with a focus on their potential efficacy against multi-drug resistant bacterial infections and their usage in tuberculosis therapy. In order to better understand these substances' potential anti-diabetic benefits, this review also looks at how they affect glucose metabolism regulation and insulin responsiveness. Coordinated efforts are required to translate the efficacy of 1,2,4-triazole compounds in preclinical models into practical therapeutic benefits. Based on the information provided, it can be concluded that 1,2,4-triazole derivatives are a promising class of diverse therapeutic agents with potential utility in a range of disorders. Their development and improvement might herald a new era of medical care that will be immensely advantageous to both patients and the medical community as a whole. This comprehensive research, which is further reinforced by in-silico investigations, highlights the great medicinal potential of 1,2,4-triazoles. Additionally, this study encourages more research into these substances and their enhancement for use in pharmaceutical development.

Molecular Hybridization of Alkaloids Using 1,2,3-Triazole-Based Click Chemistry

Alkaloids found in multiple species, known as 'driver species', are more likely to be included in early-stage drug development due to their high biodiversity compared to rare alkaloids. Many synthetic approaches have been employed to hybridize the natural alkaloids in drug development. Click chemistry is a highly efficient and versatile reaction targeting specific areas, making it a valuable tool for creating complex natural products and diverse molecular structures. It has been used to create hybrid alkaloids that address their limitations and serve as potential drugs that mimic natural products. In this review, we highlight the recent advancements made in modifying alkaloids using click chemistry and their potential medicinal applications. We discuss the significance, current trends, and prospects of click chemistry in natural product-based medicine. Furthermore, we have employed computational methods to evaluate the ADMET properties and drug-like qualities of hybrid molecules.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of aminopyrimidine derivatives bearing a 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno [3,2-c]pyridine as potent EGFR inhibitors

To resolve the problem of drug resistance caused by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small cell lung cancer, we used the principle of collocation to design and synthesize a series of aminopyrimidine derivatives with 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno [3,2-c]pyridine side chains (according to the binding mode of AZD9291 to EGFR^T790M) for use as EGFR^L858R/T790M kinase inhibitors. The most promising compound A12, a non-covalently bound reversible inhibitor, showed excellent kinase inhibitory activity against EGFR^L858R/T790M, with an IC₅₀ value of 4.0 nM and more than 42-fold selectivity for EGFR^WT (IC₅₀ = 170.0 nM). Moreover, compound A12 showed strong anti-proliferative activity against H1975 cells, with IC₅₀ value of 0.086 μΜ. Additionally, the effective inhibition of cell migration and the promotion of apoptosis by A12 verified its mechanism of action, as a selective inhibitor of EGFR^L858R/T790M.

CDATA[Recent Advances in the Development of 1,2,3-Triazole-containing Derivatives as Potential Antifungal Agents and Inhibitors of Lanoster ol 14α-Demethylase

1,2,3-Triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic nucleus, is widely recognized as a key chromophore of great value in medicinal chemistry for delivering compounds possessing innumerable biological activities, including antimicrobial, antitubercular, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antioxidants, and anti-inflammatory activities. Mainly, in the past years, diverse conjugates carrying this biologically valuable core have been reported due to their attractive fungicidal potential and potent effects on various infective targets. Hence, hybridization of 1,2,3-triazole with other antimicrobial pharmacophores appears to be a judicious strategy to develop new effective anti-fungal candidates to combat the emergence of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant infectious diseases. Thus, the current review highlights the recent advances of this promising category of 1,2,3-triazole-containing hybrids incorporating diverse varieties of bioactive heterocycles such as conozole, coumarin, imidazole, benzimidazole, pyrazole, indole, oxindole, chromene, pyrane, quinazoline, chalcone, isoflavone, carbohydrates, and amides. It underlies their inhibition behavior against a wide array of infectious fungal species during 2015-2020.

A Compendium of the Most Promising Synthesized Organic Compounds against Several Fusarium oxysporum Species: Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, and Perspectives

Vascular wilt caused by F. oxysporum (FOX) is one of the main limitations of producing several agricultural products worldwide, causing economic losses between 40% and 100%. Various methods have been developed to control this phytopathogen, such as the cultural, biological, and chemical controls, the latter being the most widely used in the agricultural sector. The treatment of this fungus through systemic fungicides, although practical, brings problems because the agrochemical agents used have shown mutagenic effects on the fungus, increasing the pathogen's resistance. The design and the synthesis of novel synthetic antifungal agents used against FOX have been broadly studied in recent years. This review article presents a compendium of the synthetic methodologies during the last ten years as promissory, which can be used to afford novel and potential agrochemical agents. The revision is addressed from the structural core of the most active synthetic compounds against FOX. The synthetic methodologies implemented strategies based on cyclo condensation reactions, radical cyclization, electrocyclic closures, and carbon-carbon couplings by metal-organic catalysis. This revision contributes significantly to the organic chemistry, supplying novel alternatives for the use of more effective agrochemical agents against F. oxysporum.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives of the Chrysin Flavonoid as Anticancer Agents

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Chrysin and its derivatives proved to possess potential anti-tumour activity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A new series of chrysin analogs containing 1,2,3-triazoles with different substituent groups (5a-5l) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential anticancer agents. The synthesized compounds were characterized using FT-IR, 1H NMR 13C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.

RESULTS

The anticancer activities of the synthesized compounds were studied in four cancer cell lines viz. PC3, PC3-PSMA, MCF-7 and UM-UC-3 using doxorubicin as standard. Among all the tested compounds, 5c was found as most active with IC50 value of 10.8 ± 0.04 μM in PC3 cells and 20.53 ± 0.21 μMin MCF-7 cells, respectively. Flow cytometry analyses indicated that synthesized compounds 5a, 5c, and 5h arrested MCF-7 cells at the G2/M phase in a dose-dependent manner.

CONCLUSION

Chyrsin derivatives could be novel anticancer agents.

Design, synthesis, in silico and in vitro antimicrobial screenings of novel 1,2,4-triazoles carrying 1,2,3-triazole scaffold with lipophilic side chain tether

BACKGROUND

1,2,4-Triazoles and 1,2,3-triazoles have gained significant importance in medicinal chemistry.

RESULTS

This study describes a green, efficient and quick solvent free click synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazole-4,5-diesters carrying a lipophilic side chain via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of diethylacetylene dicarboxylate with different surfactant azides. Further structural modifications of the resulting 1,2,3-triazole diesters to their corresponding 1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones via multi-step synthesis has been also investigated. The structures of the newly designed triazoles have been elucidated based on their analytical and spectral data. These compounds were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities. Relative to the standard antimicrobial agents, derivatives of 1,2,3-triazole-bis-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones were the most potent antimicrobial agents with compound 7d demonstrating comparable antibacterial and antifungal activities against all tested microorganisms. Further, the selected compounds were studied for docking using the enzyme, Glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase.

CONCLUSIONS

The in silico study reveals that all the synthesized compounds had shown good binding energy toward the target protein ranging from - 10.49 to - 5.72 kJ mol-1 and have good affinity toward the active pocket, thus, they may be considered as good inhibitors of GlcN-6-P synthase.

One pot three components microwave assisted and conventional synthesis of new 3-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(substituted) thiazolidin-4-one as antimicrobial agents

A one-pot, three-component, microwave assisted and conventional synthesis of new 3-(4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-(substituted) thiazolidin-4-one (4a-n) was carried out by using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent with high product yield. Among these synthesized compounds (4f, 4g, 4l and 4m) were found to be a broad spectrum molecule active against all bacterial and fungus strains tested, except fungus Aspergillus niger. Amongst the compounds (4g, 4l and 4m) were found to be more potent than respective standard drugs used in the experiment against Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus flavus, respectively. All synthesized compounds were also tested for their cytotoxic activity against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines by the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. This study shows that all compounds were non-cytotoxic in nature, and confirmed their antimicrobial specificity apart from any general cytotoxicity.