1
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Aboshouk DR, Youssef MA, Bekheit MS, Hamed AR, Girgis AS. Antineoplastic indole-containing compounds with potential VEGFR inhibitory properties. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5690-5728. [PMID: 38362086 PMCID: PMC10866129 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08962b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most significant health challenges worldwide. Various techniques, tools and therapeutics/materials have been developed in the last few decades for the treatment of cancer, together with great interest, funding and efforts from the scientific society. However, all the reported studies and efforts seem insufficient to combat the various types of cancer, especially the advanced ones. The overexpression of tyrosine kinases is associated with cancer proliferation and/or metastasis. VEGF, an important category of tyrosine kinases, and its receptors (VEGFR) are hyper-activated in different cancers. Accordingly, they are known as important factors in the angiogenesis of different tumors and are considered in the development of effective therapeutic approaches for controlling many types of cancer. In this case, targeted therapeutic approaches are preferable to the traditional non-selective approaches to minimize the side effects and drawbacks associated with treatment. Several indole-containing compounds have been identified as effective agents against VEGFR. Herein, we present a summary of the recent indolyl analogs reported within the last decade (2012-2023) with potential antineoplastic and VEGFR inhibitory properties. The most important drugs, natural products, synthesized potent compounds and promising hits/leads are highlighted. Indoles functionalized and conjugated with various heterocycles beside spiroindoles are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia R Aboshouk
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt
| | - M Adel Youssef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University Helwan Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Bekheit
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Hamed
- Chemistry of Medicinal Plants Department, National Research Centre Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt
| | - Adel S Girgis
- Department of Pesticide Chemistry, National Research Centre Dokki Giza 12622 Egypt
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2
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Radhika R, Shankar R. Theoretical aspects of the adsorption of normal and modified base pairs of DNA on graphene models toward DNA sequencing. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37909477 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2274969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
A theoretical understanding of the adsorption of DNA base pairs (GC, AT, CAF-T and CAF-C) on the graphene models (Gr, SiGr and SiGr-COOH) is investigated. Among the complexes, SiGr-COOH_AT is found to have the highest adsorption energies of -202.83 kcal/mol. The strong adsorption between DNA base pairs and the SiGr-COOH model leads to concomitant charge transfer responsible for the stability of the corresponding models and is verified with NBO analysis. AIM analysis discloses the high orbital overlap that signifies the strong interaction. Closed-shell interactions are observed through the positive values of total electron density, and it is also observed that Si-O(N) interaction has both covalent and electrostatic characteristics. This is the first theoretical attempt to investigate the adsorption of DNA base pairs on SiGr-COOH, which is more favourable than other models and may call for further experimental studies, which is crucial in developing new bio-sensors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Radhika
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - R Shankar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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3
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Sharma R, Yadav L, Nasim AA, Yadav RK, Chen RH, Kumari N, Ruiqi F, Sharon A, Sahu NK, Ippagunta SK, Coghi P, Wong VKW, Chaudhary S. Chemo-/Regio-Selective Synthesis of Novel Functionalized Spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles] under Microwave Irradiation and Their Anticancer Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:6503. [PMID: 37764279 PMCID: PMC10537280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of nitrostyrene-based spirooxindoles were synthesized via the reaction of substituted isatins 1a-b, a number of α-amino acids 2a-e and (E)-2-aryl-1-nitroethenes 3a-e in a chemo/regio-selective manner using [3+2] cycloaddition (Huisgen) reaction under microwave irradiation conditions. The structure elucidation of all the synthesized spirooxindoles were done using 1H and 13C NMR and HRMS spectral analysis. The single crystal X-ray crystallographic study of compound 4l was used to assign the stereochemical arrangements of the groups around the pyrrolidine ring in spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles] skeleton. The in vitro anticancer activity of spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles] analogs 4a-w against human lung (A549) and liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines along with immortalized normal lung (BEAS-2B) and liver (LO2) cell lines shows promising results. Out of the 23 synthesized spiro[pyrrolidine-2,3'-oxindoles], while five compounds (4c, 4f, 4m, 4q, 4t) (IC50 = 34.99-47.92 µM; SI = 0.96-2.43) displayed significant in vitro anticancer activity against human lung (A549) cancer cell lines, six compounds (4c, 4f, 4k, 4m, 4q, 4t) (IC50 = 41.56-86.53 µM; SI = 0.49-0.99) displayed promising in vitro anticancer activity against human liver (HepG2) cancer cell lines. In the case of lung (A549) cancer cell lines, these compounds were recognized to be more efficient and selective than standard reference artemisinin (IC50 = 100 µM) and chloroquine (IC50 = 100 µM; SI: 0.03). However, none of them were found to be active as compared to artesunic acid [IC50 = 9.85 µM; SI = 0.76 against lung (A549) cancer cell line and IC50 = 4.09 µM; SI = 2.01 against liver (HepG2) cancer cell line].
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Sharma
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India; (R.S.); (L.Y.); (R.K.Y.); (N.K.S.)
| | - Lalit Yadav
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India; (R.S.); (L.Y.); (R.K.Y.); (N.K.S.)
| | - Ali Adnan Nasim
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (A.A.N.); (R.H.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Ravi Kant Yadav
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India; (R.S.); (L.Y.); (R.K.Y.); (N.K.S.)
| | - Rui Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (A.A.N.); (R.H.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Neha Kumari
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India; (N.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Fan Ruiqi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (A.A.N.); (R.H.C.); (F.R.)
| | - Ashoke Sharon
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi 835215, Jharkhand, India; (N.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Nawal Kishore Sahu
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India; (R.S.); (L.Y.); (R.K.Y.); (N.K.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Government Engineering College, Bharatpur 321303, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sirish Kumar Ippagunta
- Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Paolo Coghi
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China; (A.A.N.); (R.H.C.); (F.R.)
- School of Pharmacy, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- Dr. Neher’s Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wai Long, Taipa, Macau 999078, China
| | - Sandeep Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry (OMC Lab), Department of Chemistry, Malaviya National Institute of Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, Jaipur 302017, Rajasthan, India; (R.S.); (L.Y.); (R.K.Y.); (N.K.S.)
- Laboratory of Bioactive Heterocycles and Catalysis (BHC Lab), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (Transit Campus), Bijnor–Sisendi Road, Near CRPF Base Camp, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Tabti K, Abdessadak O, Sbai A, Maghat H, Bouachrine M, Lakhlifi T. Design and development of novel spiro-oxindoles as potent antiproliferative agents using quantitative structure activity based Monte Carlo method, docking molecular, molecular dynamics, free energy calculations, and pharmacokinetics /toxicity studies. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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5
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Azomethine Ylides-Versatile Synthons for Pyrrolidinyl-Heterocyclic Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28020668. [PMID: 36677727 PMCID: PMC9866015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Azomethine ylides are nitrogen-based three-atom components commonly used in [3+2]-cycloaddition reactions with various unsaturated 2π-electron components. These reactions are highly regio- and stereoselective and have attracted the attention of organic chemists with respect to the construction of diverse heterocycles potentially bearing four new contiguous stereogenic centers. This review article complies the most important [3+2]-cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides with various olefinic, unsaturated 2π-electron components (acyclic, alicyclic, heterocyclic, and exocyclic ones) reported over the past two decades.
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6
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Srour AM, Dawood DH, Nossier ES, El-Shiekh RA, Mahmoud AE, Hussien AG, Omran MM, Ali MM. Design, synthesis and molecular docking simulation of oxindole-based derivatives with dual VEGFR-2 and cholinesterase inhibitory activities. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Abu-Hashem AA, El-Gazzar ABA, Hussein HA, Hafez HN. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of New Triazines, Tetrazines, Thiazinoquinoxalines, Thienotriazepine-imidazo[4, 5-b]quinolines from Isatin Derivatives. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2022.2130368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ameen A. Abu-Hashem
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit), National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - A. B. A. El-Gazzar
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit), National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Hoda A.R Hussein
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit), National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Hend N. Hafez
- Photochemistry Department (Heterocyclic Unit), National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt
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8
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Shahidul Islam M, Mohammed Al‐Majid A, Nageh Sholkamy E, Yousuf S, Ayaz M, Nawaz A, Wadood A, Rehman AU, Prakash Verma V, Motiur Rahman AFM, Barakat A. Synthesis of Spiro‐oxindole Analogs Engrafted Pyrazole Scaffold as Potential Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics: Anti‐oxidant, Enzyme Inhibitory and Molecular Docking Approaches. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahidul Islam
- King Saud University Department of Chemistry, College of Science P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- Banasthali Vidyapith Department of Chemistry, Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al‐Majid
- King Saud University Department of Chemistry, College of Science P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam Nageh Sholkamy
- King Saud University Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh, 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Sammer Yousuf
- University of Karachi H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayaz
- University of Malakand Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological sciences, University of Malakand Chakdara 18000, KP Pakistan
| | - Asif Nawaz
- University of Malakand Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological sciences, University of Malakand Chakdara 18000, KP Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wadood
- Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan Department of Biochemistry 23200 Pakistan
| | - Ashfaq Ur Rehman
- University of California Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Irvine 92697–3900 CA
| | - Ved Prakash Verma
- Banasthali Vidyapith Department of Chemistry, Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - A. F. M. Motiur Rahman
- King Saud University Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, P.O. Box: 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Assem Barakat
- King Saud University Department of Chemistry, College of Science P.O. Box 2455 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
- Alexandria University Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia Alexandria 21321 Egypt
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9
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Antimicrobial Activity and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Pentacyclic Spiro[oxindole-2,3′-pyrrolidines] Tethered with Succinimide Scaffolds. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app12010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Three-component cascade reactions of (E)-3-arylidene-1-methyl-pyrrolidine-2,5-diones, L-valine and various isatin derivatives are described. A series of 17 spiropyrrolidine derivatives with wide structural complexity and diversity have been thus obtained in moderate to excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. The structure and stereochemistry of these N-heterocyclic cycloadducts has been established by spectroscopic techniques and unambiguously confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis performed on one derivative. UV-visible spectra have been recorded for all new compounds. Furthermore, the synthesized N-heterocyclic compounds have been screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Several derivatives exhibited moderate to good activities, comparable to those of the known standard drugs Amphotericin B and Tetracycline. Structural activity relationships (SARs) and molecular docking of the most promising derivatives into the binding sites of glucosamine 6-phosphate synthase (GlcN6P) and methionyl-trna-synthetase (1PFV) were also established. Furthermore, pharmacokinetic studies indicate that the heterocycles exhibit acceptable predictive ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties and good drug ability.
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10
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3-Alkenyl-2-oxindoles: Synthesis, antiproliferative and antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2. Bioorg Chem 2021; 114:105131. [PMID: 34243074 PMCID: PMC8241580 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Sets of 3-alkenyl-2-oxindoles (6,10,13) were synthesized in a facile synthetic pathway through acid dehydration (EtOH/HCl) of the corresponding 3-hydroxy-2-oxoindolines (5,9,12). Single crystal (10a,c) and powder (12a,26f) X-ray studies supported the structures. Compounds 6c and 10b are the most effective agents synthesized (about 3.4, 3.3 folds, respectively) against PaCa2 (pancreatic) cancer cell line relative to the standard reference used (Sunitinib). Additionally, compound 10b reveals antiproliferative properties against MCF7 (breast) cancer cell with IC50 close to that of Sunitinib. CAM testing reveals that compounds 6 and 10 demonstrated qualitative and quantitative decreases in blood vessel count and diameter with efficacy comparable to that of Sunitinib, supporting their anti-angiogenic properties. Kinase inhibitory properties support their multi-targeted inhibitory activities against VEGFR-2 and c-kit in similar behavior to that of Sunitinib. Cell cycle analysis studies utilizing MCF7 exhibit that compound 6b arrests the cell cycle at G1/S phase while, 10b reveals accumulation of the tested cell at S phase. Compounds 6a and 10b reveal potent antiviral properties against SARS-CoV-2 with high selectivity index relative to the standards (hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine). Safe profile of the potent synthesized agents, against normal cells (VERO-E6, RPE1), support the possible development of better hits based on the attained observations.
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11
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Chen Z, Liang W, Chen Z, Chen L. Phase‐Transfer Catalytic Strategy: Rapid Synthesis of Spiro‐Fused Heterocycles, Integrated with Four Pharmacophores‐Succinimide, Pyrrolidine, Oxindole, and Trifluoromethyl Group. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng‐Jun Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guizhou Normal University 116 Baoshan North Road Guiyang P. R. of China
| | - Wei Liang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guizhou Normal University 116 Baoshan North Road Guiyang P. R. of China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guizhou Normal University 116 Baoshan North Road Guiyang P. R. of China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science Guizhou Normal University 116 Baoshan North Road Guiyang P. R. of China
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12
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Ince T, Serttas R, Demir B, Atabey H, Seferoglu N, Erdogan S, Sahin E, Erat S, Nural Y. Polysubstituted pyrrolidines linked to 1,2,3-triazoles: Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT studies, acid dissociation constant, drug-likeness, and anti-proliferative activity. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Rostami H, Shiri L. Application of
β
‐Nitrostyrene in Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Pyrrole Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hedieh Rostami
- Hedieh Rostami Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ilam University Ilam Iran
| | - Lotfi Shiri
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Ilam University Ilam Iran
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14
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Ramadan SK, Elrazaz EZ, Abouzid KAM, El-Naggar AM. Design, synthesis and in silico studies of new quinazolinone derivatives as antitumor PARP-1 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29475-29492. [PMID: 35521104 PMCID: PMC9055986 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05943a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report an eco-friendly synthesis of a new series of quinazolinone-based derivatives as potential PARP-1 inhibitors. The 4-quinazolinone scaffold was utilized as a bioisostere to the phthalazinone core of the reference compound Olaparib. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed appreciable inhibitory activity against PARP-1. Compound 12c showed inhibitory activity at IC50 = 30.38 nM comparable to Olaparib, which has IC50 = 27.89 nM. Cell cycle analysis was performed for compounds 12a and 12c, and both exhibited cell growth arrest at G2/M phase in the MCF-7 cell line. In addition, both compounds increased the programmed apoptosis compared to the control. Furthermore, molecular docking of the final compounds into the PARP-1 active site was executed to explore their probable binding modes. Also, a computational QSAR and in silico ADMET study was performed. The results of this study revealed that some of the newly synthesized compounds could serve as a new framework to discover new PARP-1 inhibitors with anti-cancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed K Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Eman Z Elrazaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
| | - Khaled A M Abouzid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City Sadat City Egypt
| | - Abeer M El-Naggar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University Abbassia 11566 Cairo Egypt
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15
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Wang ZY, Yang T, Chen R, Ma X, Liu H, Wang KK. 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of isatin N, N'-cyclic azomethine imines with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by DBU in water. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24288-24292. [PMID: 35516173 PMCID: PMC9055116 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03806g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and green procedure was established by [3 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of isatin derived cyclic imine 1,3-dipoles with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, giving the desired spiro heterocyclic oxindoles with aza-quaternary centers in good yields and diastereoselectivities. It should be noted that water can be employed as a suitable solvent for the improvement of diastereoselectivity. A simple and green procedure was established by [3 + 3] cycloaddition reaction of isatin derived cyclic imine 1,3-dipoles with α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, giving spirooxindoles with aza-quaternary center in good yields and diastereoselectivities.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Yong Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Ting Yang
- Medical College, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Rongxiang Chen
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Xueji Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Huan Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
| | - Kai-Kai Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P. R. China
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16
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Singh R, Saini MR, Bhardwaj D, Singh A. An expedient synthesis of new imino-thiazolidinone grafted dispiro-pyrrolidine-oxindole/indeno hybrids via a multicomponent [3+2] cycloaddition reaction in a deep eutectic solvent. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00801j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
A facile and selective synthesis of novel factionalized dispiro-pyrrolidines via a three component [3+2] cycloaddition reaction using a deep eutectic solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruby Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Munna Ram Saini
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Diksha Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
| | - Aakash Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Jaipur National University
- Jaipur
- India
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17
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Nikolaienko P, Jentsch M, Kale AP, Cai Y, Rueping M. Electrochemical and Scalable Dehydrogenative C(sp
3
)−H Amination via Remote Hydrogen Atom Transfer in Batch and Continuous Flow. Chemistry 2019; 25:7177-7184. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Nikolaienko
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Marc Jentsch
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH-Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Ajit P. Kale
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Yunfei Cai
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Magnus Rueping
- KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955-6900 Saudi Arabia
- Institute of Organic ChemistryRWTH-Aachen University Landoltweg 1 52074 Aachen Germany
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18
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Srour AM, Dawood DH, Khalil MN, Nofal ZM. Synthesis and 2D-QSAR study of dispiropyrrolodinyl-oxindole based alkaloids as cholinesterase inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2019; 83:226-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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19
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Wu XY, Gao YN, Shi M. Phosphine-Catalyzed [3+2] Annulation of N
-2,2,2-Trifluoroethylisatin Ketimines with γ-Substituted Allenoates: Synthesis of Spiro[indoline-3,2′-pyrrole]. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201801794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Meilong Road No.130 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Yu-Ning Gao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Meilong Road No.130 200237 Shanghai China
| | - Min Shi
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals; School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; East China University of Science and Technology; Meilong Road No.130 200237 Shanghai China
- State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry; School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering; Nankai University; 300071 Tianjin P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry; Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; 345 Lingling Road 200032 Shanghai China
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20
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Shyamsivappan S, Vivek R, Saravanan A, Arasakumar T, Subashini G, Suresh T, Shankar R, Mohan PS. Synthesis and X-ray study of dispiro 8-nitroquinolone analogues and their cytotoxic properties against human cervical cancer HeLa cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:439-449. [PMID: 31015907 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00482j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of unique dispiro analogues containing an oxindole pyrrolidine 8-nitroquinolone hybrid has been obtained through a one-pot three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides generated in situ from the condensation of isatins and benzylamine with (E)-3-arylidene-2,3-dihydro-8-nitro-4-quinolones. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were characterized by using different spectroscopic techniques and by X-ray diffraction studies of their regio- and stereochemistry. All the synthesized compounds were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activity against the human cervical cancer cell line HeLa. The compounds have exhibited potent inhibition against human cervical cancer cells and insignificant toxicity to normal cells. The compounds 6d, 6a, 6h, 6b, and 6e induced apoptosis of HeLa cells, through ROS influx. The expression levels of proteins involved in the mitochondrion-related pathways were detected, and Western blot analysis showed that apoptosis occurred via activation of caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Shyamsivappan
- School of Chemical Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India . ;
| | - Raju Vivek
- Chemical Biology , Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India
| | - Arjunan Saravanan
- DRDO-BU CLS , Bharathiar University Campus , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Thangaraj Arasakumar
- School of Chemical Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India . ;
| | - Gopalan Subashini
- Department of Chemistry , P.S.G.R. Krishnammal College For Women , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India
| | - Thangaraj Suresh
- School of Chemical Sciences , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India . ;
| | - Ramasamy Shankar
- Department of Physics , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu , India
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21
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Wang C, Wen D, Chen H, Deng Y, Liu X, Liu X, Wang L, Gao F, Guo Y, Sun M, Wang K, Yan W. The catalytic asymmetric synthesis of CF3-containing spiro-oxindole–pyrrolidine–pyrazolone compounds through squaramide-catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5514-5519. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00720b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutically important compounds were synthesized through the organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction.
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22
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Rizk SA, Abdelwahab SS, Elrazaz E. Synthesis and QSAR Study of Some Novel Heterocyclic Derivatives asIn VitroCytotoxic Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sameh A. Rizk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
| | - Salwa S. Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries; Future University in Egypt; Cairo 11835 Egypt
| | - Eman Elrazaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy; Ain Shams University; Cairo 11566 Egypt
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23
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Liu W, Hu ZP, Yan Y, Liao WW. Highly diastereo- and enantioselective construction of phthalide-oxindole hybrids bearing vicinal quaternary chiral centers via an organocatalytic allylic alkylation. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Design, synthesis and 3D QSAR based pharmacophore study of novel imatinib analogs as antitumor-apoptotic agents. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:1421-1433. [PMID: 29788766 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Imatinib possesses various mechanisms for combating cancer, making the development of imatinib analogs an attractive target for cancer research. METHOD Two series of analogs were designed and synthesized, maintaining the essential pharmacophoric features in imatinib structure. The synthesized compounds were subjected to cell-based antiproliferative assays against nonsmall lung (A549) and colon cancer cell lines. In addition, flow cytometry cell cycle and caspase-3 colorimetric assays were performed. RESULTS Most compounds showed potent anticancer activity against both cell lines with IC50 = 0.14-5.07 μM. Three compounds demonstrated ability to reinforce cell cycle arrest at G1 stage in a manner similar to imatinib. In addition, they induced apoptosis via activation of caspase-3.
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25
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Saravana Mani K, Rajendran SP. A facile regio- and stereoselective synthesis of novel spiro[indolin-3,2′-pyrrolidin]-2-one’s via 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of azomethine ylides. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2018.1442866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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26
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Ibrahim HA, Awadallah FM, Refaat HM, Amin KM. Molecular docking simulation, synthesis and 3D pharmacophore studies of novel 2-substituted-5-nitro-benzimidazole derivatives as anticancer agents targeting VEGFR-2 and c-Met. Bioorg Chem 2018; 77:457-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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27
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Yan LJ, Wang JL, Xu D, Burgess KS, Zhu AF, Rao YY, Chen XB, Wang YC. Chemically Sustainable and Green One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Polycyclic N
-Fused-Pyrrolidine Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201702188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Jun Yan
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Jun-Liang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology; Yunnan University, Kunming; 650091, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Kevin S. Burgess
- Department of Biology; College of Letters & Sciences; Columbus State University; University System of Georgia, Columbus, GA; USA
| | - Ai-Fei Zhu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Yan-Ying Rao
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
| | - Xue-Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province; School of Science; Honghe University, Mengzi, Yunnan; 661199, PR China
| | - Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Vocational and Technical Education; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650092, PR China
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28
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Wang YC, Wang JL, Burgess KS, Zhang JW, Zheng QM, Pu YD, Yan LJ, Chen XB. Green synthesis of new pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindoles via three-component domino reaction in EtOH/H2O. RSC Adv 2018; 8:5702-5713. [PMID: 35539589 PMCID: PMC9078157 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13207g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient, green and sustainable approach for the synthesis of novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindole compounds was developed. The synthesis included a one-pot, three-component, domino reaction of (E)-3-(2-nitrovinyl)-indoles, isatins and chiral polycyclic α-amino acids under catalyst-free conditions at room temperature in EtOH–H2O. The salient features of this methodology are eco-friendliness, high yields and the ease of obtaining target compounds without the involvement of toxic solvents and column chromatography. These novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindoles provide a collection of structurally diverse compounds that show promise for future bioassays and medical treatments. An efficient, green and sustainable approach was developed for the synthesis of novel polycyclic pyrrolidine-fused spirooxindole compounds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Chao Wang
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Jun-Liang Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology
- Yunnan University
- Kunming 650091
- PR China
| | - Kevin S. Burgess
- Department of Biology
- College of Letters & Sciences
- Columbus State University
- University System of Georgia
- Columbus
| | - Jiang-Wei Zhang
- Gold Catalysis Research Center
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
| | - Qiu-Mei Zheng
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Ya-Dan Pu
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Li-Jun Yan
- School of Vocational and Technical Education
- Yunnan Normal University
- Kunming 650092
- PR China
| | - Xue-Bing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical and Chemical Biology of Yunnan Province
- School of Science
- Honghe University
- Mengzi
- PR China
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29
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Design and synthesis of thienopyrimidine urea derivatives with potential cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 143:1807-1825. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.10.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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30
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Shalaby EM, Srour AM, Panda SS, George RF, Fitch AN, Girgis AS. Synthesis, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT-D studies of indole-based compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/zkri-2017-2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Four indole-based compounds have been synthesized and their crystal structures determined using high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. In vacuo density function theory (DFT) optimization has been used in building initial molecular models for structure solution with the help of the Cambridge structure database. All four compounds were found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. Dispersion-corrected DFT (DFT-D) has been used for experimental crystal structure validation with acceptable agreement found between the DFT-optimized and final refined structures. Three of the compounds exhibit bronchodilation properties with potency comparable to the theophylline (standard reference).
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Affiliation(s)
- ElSayed M. Shalaby
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab., Physics Division, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Aladdin M. Srour
- Therapeutical Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry and Physics , Augusta University , Augusta, GA 30912 , USA
| | - Riham F. George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Andrew N. Fitch
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility , CS40220 , 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre , Dokki, Giza 12622 , Egypt
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31
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Design, synthesis, 3D pharmacophore, QSAR, and docking studies of some new (6-methoxy-2-naphthyl) propanamide derivatives with expected anti-bacterial activity as FABI inhibitor. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1939-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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32
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Dong Z, Zhu Y, Li B, Wang C, Yan W, Wang K, Wang R. Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethyl Pyrrolidines through Organocatalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction. J Org Chem 2017; 82:3482-3490. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.6b02949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghao Dong
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhu
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Boyu Li
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Cui Wang
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Wenjin Yan
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kairong Wang
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Rui Wang
- The
Institute of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for
New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic, Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- State
Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
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33
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Cui B, Chen Y, Shan J, Qin L, Yuan C, Wang Y, Han W, Wan N, Chen Y. An enantioselective synthesis of spiro-oxindole-based 3,4-dihydropyrroles via a Michael/cyclization cascade of 3-aminooxindoles with 2-enoylpyridines. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:8518-8522. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02138k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This work provides a highly stereoselective route to access spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2′-oxindoles] and represents a new perspective for the synthesis of spirocyclic oxindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baodong Cui
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Shan
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Qin
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Changlun Yuan
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Wenyong Han
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Nanwei Wan
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medial University
- Zunyi
- P. R. China
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34
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Matysiak J, Niewiadomy A. QSAR models of antiproliferative activity of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles in various cancer cell lines. Mol Divers 2016; 21:211-218. [PMID: 27722985 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-016-9705-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles have been recognized to possess antiproliferative potency towards a wide spectrum of cancer cell lines. QSAR investigations on a set of 42 di(tri)substituted imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazoles were carried out to find the descriptors determining their biological potency. Three-variable equations were obtained by combinatorial protocols in multiple linear regression (CP MLR) for all three studied cancer cell lines. They showed that lipophilicity, electronic, and steric factors are decisive for the antiproliferative potency of compounds and indicate the important role of nitrogen atoms of imidazothiadiazole ring in the interactions with the molecular target. The best models gave high r squared values in the range from 0.887 to 0.924. They also have good predictive accuracy confirmed by the high value LOO cross-validation coefficient [Formula: see text] (from 0.842 to 0.904) and by the external validation quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Matysiak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Andrzej Niewiadomy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 15, 20-950, Lublin, Poland
- Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Annopol 6, 03-236, Warsaw, Poland
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35
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Mohammadi AA, Taheri S, Amouzegar A. An Efficient One‐Pot Four‐Component Synthesis of Some New Spirooxindole Dihydropyridine Using Alum as a Heterogeneous Green Catalyst. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Mohammadi
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI) PO Box 14335‐186 Tehran Iran
| | - Salman Taheri
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI) PO Box 14335‐186 Tehran Iran
| | - Ali Amouzegar
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Research Center of Iran (CCERCI) PO Box 14335‐186 Tehran Iran
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36
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El‐Hashash MA, Rizk SA. One‐pot Synthesis of Novel Spirooxindoles as Antibacterial and Antioxidant Agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.2758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sameh A. Rizk
- Chemistry Department, Science FacultyAin Shams University Cairo 11566 Egypt
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37
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Faidallah HM, Panda SS, Serrano JC, Girgis AS, Khan KA, Alamry KA, Therathanakorn T, Meyers MJ, Sverdrup FM, Eickhoff CS, Getchell SG, Katritzky AR. Synthesis, antimalarial properties and 2D-QSAR studies of novel triazole-quinine conjugates. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:3527-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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38
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Ozgun DO, Yamali C, Gul HI, Taslimi P, Gulcin I, Yanik T, Supuran CT. Inhibitory effects of isatin Mannich bases on carbonic anhydrases, acetylcholinesterase, and butyrylcholinesterase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2016; 31:1498-501. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2016.1149479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Ozmen Ozgun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey,
| | - Cem Yamali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey,
| | - Halise Inci Gul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey,
| | - Parham Taslimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey,
| | - Ilhami Gulcin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey,
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Telat Yanik
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Turkey, and
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Neurofarba Department e Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Universita Degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy
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39
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Ismail NSM, George RF, Serya RAT, Baselious FN, El-Manawaty M, Shalaby EM, Girgis AS. Rational design, synthesis and 2D-QSAR studies of antiproliferative tropane-based compounds. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21486j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel tropane-based compounds were synthesized exhibiting antiproliferative properties against HepG2 and MCF7 carcinoma cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser S. M. Ismail
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Industries
- Future University
- Cairo 12311
- Egypt
| | - Riham F. George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Cairo University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Rabah A. T. Serya
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Fady N. Baselious
- Research and Development Department
- Global Napi Pharmaceuticals
- 6th October City
- Egypt
| | - May El-Manawaty
- Pharmacognosy Department
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
| | - ElSayed M. Shalaby
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab
- Physics Division
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
| | - Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
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40
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George RF, Saleh DO. Synthesis, vasorelaxant activity and 2D-QSAR study of some novel pyridazine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 108:663-673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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41
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George RF, Panda SS, Shalaby ESM, Srour AM, Farag ISA, Girgis AS. Synthesis and molecular modeling studies of indole-based antitumor agents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07061b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potent antitumor active (HeLa, cervical carcinoma cell line) indole-based compounds were synthesized via azomethine ylide 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition with 3,5-arylidene-4-piperidones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riham F. George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Cairo University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Department of Chemistry & Physics
- Augusta University
- Augusta
- USA
| | - El-Sayed M. Shalaby
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab
- Physics Division
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
| | - Aladdin M. Srour
- Therapeutical Chemistry Department
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
| | - I. S. Ahmed Farag
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab
- Physics Division
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
| | - Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department
- National Research Centre
- Giza 12622
- Egypt
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42
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Camacho-Mendoza RL, Gutiérrez-Moreno E, Guzmán-Percástegui E, Aquino-Torres E, Cruz-Borbolla J, Rodríguez-Ávila JA, Alvarado-Rodríguez JG, Olvera-Neria O, Thangarasu P, Medina-Franco JL. Density Functional Theory and Electrochemical Studies: Structure–Efficiency Relationship on Corrosion Inhibition. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:2391-402. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa L. Camacho-Mendoza
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - Evelin Gutiérrez-Moreno
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - Edmundo Guzmán-Percástegui
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - Eliazar Aquino-Torres
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - Julián Cruz-Borbolla
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - José A. Rodríguez-Ávila
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - José G. Alvarado-Rodríguez
- Área
Académica de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Unidad Universitaria, km 4.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, C.P. 42184, Pachuca-Hidalgo, México
| | - Oscar Olvera-Neria
- Área
de Física Atómica Molecular Aplicada (FAMA), CBI, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Azcapotzalco, Av. San Pablo 180, Col. Reynosa, Mexico City, C.P. 02200, México
| | - Pandiyan Thangarasu
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, C.P. 04510, México
| | - José L. Medina-Franco
- Facultad
de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, C.P. 04510, México
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43
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Zhang MZ, Ji PY, Liu YF, Guo CC. Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of Carbonyl-Containing Oxindoles from N-Arylacrylamides and α-Diketones via TBHP- or Oxone-Mediated Oxidative Cleavage of C(sp2)–C(sp2) Bonds. J Org Chem 2015; 80:10777-86. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b01977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Zhong Zhang
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of
the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Peng-Yi Ji
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of
the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Yu-Feng Liu
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of
the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Can-Cheng Guo
- State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing
and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of
the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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44
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Farag ISA, El-Shabiny AM, Moustafa AM, Ismail NSM, Pillai GG, Panda CS, Hall CD, Katritzky AR. Synthesis, and QSAR analysis of anti-oncological active spiro-alkaloids. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:1741-53. [PMID: 25502495 DOI: 10.1039/c4ob02149e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
QSAR study describes the anti-neoplastic spiro-alkaloids with relevant molecular descriptors using CODESSA III software. The dispiro[3H-indole-3,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3"-piperidines] 24-48 were synthesized via [3 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of azomethine ylides, (generated in situ via decarboxylative condensation of isatins 21-23 with sarcosine) and 3E,5E-1-alkyl-3,5-bis(arylmethylidene)-4-piperidones 10-20. Some of the synthesized analogues exhibited promising antitumor properties against HELA (cervical), HEPG2 (liver), T-47D, MCF7 (breast), and HCT116 (colon) human tumor cell lines, demonstrating activity close to or even better than the standard Doxorubicin, based on in vitro Sulfo-Rhodamine-B bio-assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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45
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Ibrahim MA, Panda SS, Oliferenko AA, Oliferenko PV, Girgis AS, Elagawany M, Küçükbay FZ, Panda CS, Pillai GG, Samir A, Tämm K, Hall CD, Katritzky AR. Macrocyclic peptidomimetics with antimicrobial activity: synthesis, bioassay, and molecular modeling studies. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:9492-503. [PMID: 26256838 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01400j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Novel, cyclic peptidomimetics were synthesized by facile acylation reactions using benzotriazole chemistry. Microbiological testing of the synthesized compounds revealed an exceptionally high activity against Candida albicans with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) two orders of magnitude lower than the MIC of the antifungal reference drug amphotericin B. A strikingly high activity was also observed against three Gram-negative bacterial strains (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus vulgaris), two of which are known human pathogens. Thus the discovered chemotype is a potential polypharmacological agent. The toxicity against mammalian tumor cells was found to be low, as demonstrated in five different human cell lines (HeLa, cervical; PC-3, prostate; MCF-7, breast; HepG2, liver; and HCT-116, colon). The internal consistency of the experimental data was studied using 3D-pharmacophore and 2D-QSAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-7200, USA.
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46
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Yu B, Yu DQ, Liu HM. Spirooxindoles: Promising scaffolds for anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:673-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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47
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Shalaby ESM, Mabied AF, Steel PJ, Hall CD, Katritzky AR. Regioselective synthesis and theoretical studies of an anti-neoplastic fluoro-substituted dispiro-oxindole. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An anti-neoplastic fluoro-substituted dispiro-oxindole is described along with theoretical studies and single crystal X-ray analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | | | - Ahmed F. Mabied
- X-Ray Crystallography Lab
- Physics Division
- National Research Centre
- Dokki
- Egypt
| | - Peter J. Steel
- Chemistry Department
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
| | - C. Dennis Hall
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
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48
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Farag DB, Farag NA, Esmat A, Abuelezz SA, Abdel-Salam Ibrahim E, Abou El Ella DA. Synthesis, 3D pharmacophore, QSAR and docking studies of novel quinazoline derivatives with nitric oxide release moiety as preferential COX-2 inhibitors. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00392f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Four novel series of quinazoline derivatives IIIa–c, VIa–c and their NO-hybrid molecules as nitrate esters Va–c and VIIIa–c have been synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Boshra Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Misr International University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Nahla A. Farag
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Misr International University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Ahmed Esmat
- Pharmacology & Toxicology Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | - Sally A. Abuelezz
- Pharmacology & Therapeutics Department
- Faculty of Medicine
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
| | | | - Dalal A. Abou El Ella
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Ain Shams University
- Cairo
- Egypt
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49
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Girgis AS, Panda SS, Aziz MN, Steel PJ, Dennis Hall C, Katritzky AR. Rational design, synthesis, and 2D-QSAR study of anti-oncological alkaloids against hepatoma and cervical carcinoma. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16663a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of novel substituted dispiro-oxindole were synthesized and screened for anti-cancer properties. The anti-cancer data were validated by QSAR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel S. Girgis
- Pesticide Chemistry Department
- National Research Centre
- Cairo 12622
- Egypt
| | - Siva S. Panda
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Marian N. Aziz
- Pesticide Chemistry Department
- National Research Centre
- Cairo 12622
- Egypt
| | - Peter J. Steel
- Chemistry Department
- University of Canterbury
- Christchurch
- New Zealand
| | - C. Dennis Hall
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
| | - Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- Gainesville
- USA
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50
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Ma M, Zhu Y, Sun Q, Li X, Su J, Zhao L, Zhao Y, Qiu S, Yan W, Wang K, Wang R. The asymmetric synthesis of CF3-containing spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2′-oxindole] through the organocatalytic 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:8789-92. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10216a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A new strategy for the construction of optically active 5′-CF3 spiro[pyrrolidin-3,2′-oxindole] was described by using CF3CH2NH2 as a building block.
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