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Albaqami FF, Sahib AS, Alharthy KM, Altharawi A, Alshahrani MY, Jawad MA, Suliman M, Ahmad I. A phenanthroline-based erbium (III) complex: molecular docking, DNA/BSA -binding and biological evaluation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38174386 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2300130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the help of both theoretical as well as experimental research, in vitro binding research with CT-DNA (calf thymus) and BSA (bovine serum albumin) were carefully examined to figure out the chemotherapeutic and pharmacokinetic facets of the Erbium complex, which contains 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen). The binding characteristics and the mechanism of complex's interaction with DNA as well as the protein were determined utilizing fluorescence quenching method. Findings indicated that the complex's interaction with DNA via groove binding into DNA's minor grooves, with their binding constants falling within the 104 M-1 range. Furthermore, thermodynamic characteristics and the fluorescence emission of the tryptophan residues of the protein were obtained through fluorescence quenching studies at different temperatures. According to the results of the binding constants, the protein's interactions with the Er- complex were moderate, demonstrating that the compound may be transported effectively by the protein. Molecular docking results supported that of the experimental research. The HeLa and MCF-7 cancer cell lines, along with the normal human fibroblast cell line, were used in an MTT assay evaluation of the Er-complex cytotoxicity. The Er-complex displayed a selective inhibitory effect on the proliferation of different cancer cells.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal F Albaqami
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameer S Sahib
- Department of Pharmacy, Al- Mustaqbal University College, Hilla, Iraq
| | - Khalid M Alharthy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, AlKharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Altharawi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abed Jawad
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Iraq
| | - Muath Suliman
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Zhu X, Sun Q, Guo X, Liang C, Zhang Y, Huang W, Pei W, Huang Z, Chen L, Chen J. Cyclometalated ruthenium (II) complexes induced HeLa cell apoptosis through intracellular reductive injury. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 247:112333. [PMID: 37480763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
The main challenge of cancer chemotherapy is the resistance of tumor cells to oxidative damage. Herein, we proposed a novel antitumor strategy: cyclic metal‑ruthenium (Ru) complexes mediate reductive damage to kill tumor cells. We designed and synthesized Ru(II) complexes with β-carboline as ligands: [Ru (phen)2(NO2-Ph-βC)](PF6) (RuβC-7) and [Ru(phen)2(1-Ph-βC)](PF6) (RuβC-8). In vitro experimental results showed that RuβC-7 and RuβC-8 can inhibit cell proliferation, promote mitochondrial abnormalities, and induce DNA damage. Interestingly, RuβC-7 with SOD activity could reduce intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, while RuβC-8 has the opposite effect. Accordingly, this study identified the reductive damage mechanism of tumor apoptosis, and may provide a new ideas for the design of novel metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Qiang Sun
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Xinhua Guo
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Chunmei Liang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Wenyong Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Wenliang Pei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Zunnan Huang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China
| | - Lanmei Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- The Marine Biomedical Research Institute, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; The Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Guangdong Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, China; Key Laboratory of Computer-Aided Drug Design of Dongguan City, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.
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Yang Y, Chen CF, Guo FF, Gu YQ, Liang H, Chen ZF. In vitro and in vivo antitumor activities of Ru and Cu complexes with terpyridine derivatives as ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 246:112284. [PMID: 37327592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Six terpyridine ligands(L1-L6) with chlorophenol or bromophenol moiety were obtained to prepare metal terpyridine derivatives complexes: [Ru(L1)(DMSO)Cl2] (1), [Ru(L2)(DMSO)Cl2] (2), [Ru(L3)(DMSO)Cl2] (3), [Cu(L4)Br2]·DMSO (4), Cu(L5)Br2 (5), and [Cu(L6)Br2]⋅CH3OH (6). The complexes were fully characterized. Ru complexes 1-3 showed low cytotoxicity against the tested cell lines. Cu complexes 4-6 exhibited higher cytotoxicity against several tested cancer cell lines compared to their ligands and cisplatin, and lower toxicity towards normal human cells. Copper(II) complexes 4-6 arrested T-24 cell cycle in G1 phase. The mechanism studies indicated that complexes 4-6 accumulated in mitochondria of T-24 cells and caused significant reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential, increase of the intracellular ROS levels and the release of Ca2+, and the activation of the Caspase cascade, finally inducing apoptosis. Animal studies showed that complex 6 obviously inhibited the tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model bearing T-24 tumor cells without significant toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guilin Normal College, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Cai-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Fei-Fei Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Yun-Qiong Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China; School of Environment and Life Science, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
| | - Zhen-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
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Lu Y, Zhu D, Le Q, Wang Y, Wang W. Ruthenium-based antitumor drugs and delivery systems from monotherapy to combination therapy. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:16339-16375. [PMID: 36341705 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02994d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ruthenium complex is an important compound group for antitumor drug research and development. NAMI-A, KP1019, TLD1433 and other ruthenium complexes have entered clinical research. In recent years, the research on ruthenium antitumor drugs has not been limited to single chemotherapy drugs; other applications of ruthenium complexes have emerged such as in combination therapy. During the development of ruthenium complexes, drug delivery forms of ruthenium antitumor drugs have also evolved from single-molecule drugs to nanodrug delivery systems. The review summarizes the following aspects: (1) ruthenium complexes from monotherapy to combination therapy, including the development of single-molecule compounds, carrier nanomedicine, and self-assembly of carrier-free nanomedicine; (2) ruthenium complexes in the process of ADME in terms of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion; (3) the applications of ruthenium complexes in combination therapy, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), photoactivated chemotherapy (PACT), immunotherapy, and their combined application; (4) the future prospects of ruthenium-based antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Quynh Le
- Center for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, P. R. China.
- Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing Laboratory of Oral Health, Beijing 100069, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, P. O. Box 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Study of DNA Interaction and Cytotoxicity Activity of Oxidovanadium(V) Complexes with ONO Donor Schiff Base Ligands. INORGANICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics9090066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Two new oxidovanadium(V) complexes, (HNEt3)[VVO2L] (1) and [(VVOL)2μ-O] (2), have been synthesized using a tridentate Schiff base ligand H2L [where H2L = 4-((E)-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenylimino)methyl)benzene-1,3-diol] and VO(acac)2 as starting metal precursor. The ligand and corresponding metal complexes are characterized by physicochemical (elemental analysis), spectroscopic (FT-IR, UV–Vis, and NMR), and spectrometric (ESI–MS) methods. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicates the anion in salt 1 features a distorted square-pyramidal geometry for the vanadium(V) center defined by imine-N, two phenoxide-O, and two oxido-O atoms. The interaction of the compounds with CT–DNA was studied through UV–Vis absorption titration and circular dichroism methods. The results indicated that complexes showed enhanced binding affinity towards DNA compared to the ligand molecule. Finally, the in vitro cytotoxicity studies of H2L, 1, and 2 were evaluated against colon cancer (HT-29) and mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH-3T3) cell lines by MTT assay. The results demonstrated that the compounds manifested a cytotoxic potential comparable with clinically referred drugs and caused cell death by apoptosis.
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A comprehensive overview of β-carbolines and its derivatives as anticancer agents. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 224:113688. [PMID: 34332400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
β-Carboline alkaloids are a family of natural and synthetic products with structural diversity and outstanding antitumor activities. This review summarizes research developments of β-carboline and its derivatives as anticancer agents, which focused on both natural and synthetic monomers as well as dimers. In addition, the structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of β-carboline monomers and dimers are summarized and mechanism of action of β-carboline and its derivatives are also presented. A few possible research directions, suggestions and clues for future work on the development of novel β-carboline-based anticancer agents with improved expected activities and lesser toxicity are also provided.
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Lu Y, Zhu D, Gui L, Li Y, Wang W, Liu J, Wang Y. A dual-targeting ruthenium nanodrug that inhibits primary tumor growth and lung metastasis via the PARP/ATM pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:115. [PMID: 33892746 PMCID: PMC8063440 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many studies have found that ruthenium complexes possess unique biochemical characteristics and inhibit tumor growth or metastasis. Results Here, we report the novel dual-targeting ruthenium candidate 2b, which has both antitumor and antimetastatic properties and targets tumor sites through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect and transferrin/transferrin receptor (TF/TFR) interaction. The candidate 2b is composed of ruthenium-complexed carboline acid and four chloride ions. In vitro, 2b triggered DNA cleavage and thus blocked cell cycle progression and induced apoptosis via the PARP/ATM pathway. In vivo,2b inhibited not only Lewis lung cancer (LLC) tumor growth but also lung metastasis. We detected apoptosis and decreased CD31 expression in tumor tissues, and ruthenium accumulated in the primary tumor tissue of C57BL/6 mice implanted with LLC cells. Conclusions Thus, we conclude that 2b targets tumors, inhibits tumor growth and prevents lung metastasis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Gui
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Li
- Minimally Invasive Tumor Therapies Center, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawang Liu
- Medicinal Chemistry Core, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 579 College of Pharmacy Building, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA
| | - Yuji Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Capital Medical University, 10 Xi Tou Tiao, You An Men, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100069, People's Republic of China.
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9
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Faria RS, Silva HD, Mello-Andrade F, Pires WC, de Castro Pereira F, de Lima AP, de Fátima Oliveira Santos S, Teixeira TM, da Silva PFF, Naves PLF, Batista AA, da Silva Oliveira RJ, Reis RM, de Paula Silveira-Lacerda E. Ruthenium(II)/Benzonitrile Complex Induces Cytotoxic Effect in Sarcoma-180 Cells by Caspase-Mediated and Tp53/p21-Mediated Apoptosis, with Moderate Brine Shrimp Toxicity. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:669-680. [PMID: 32266641 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium(II)/benzonitrile complexes have demonstrated promising anticancer properties. Considering that there are no specific therapies for treating sarcoma, we decided to evaluate the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and lethal effects of cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(phen)(dppb)]PF6 (BzCN = benzonitrile; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; dppb = 1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino)butane), as well as the mechanism of cell death induction that occurs against murine sarcoma-180 tumor. Thus, MTT assay was applied to assess the ruthenium cytotoxicity, showing that the compound is a more potent inhibitor for the sarcoma-180 tumor cell viability than normal cells (lymphocytes). The comet assay indicated low genotoxic for normal cells. cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(phen)(dppb)]PF6 also showed moderate lethality in Artemia salina. The complex induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in sarcoma-180 cells. In addition, the complex caused S180 cells to die by apoptosis by an increase in Annexin-V-positive cells and morphological changes typical of apoptotic cells. Additionally, cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(phen)(dppb)]PF6 increased the gene expression of Bax, Casp3, and Tp53 in S180 cells. By using a western blot, we observed an increased protein level of TNF-R2, Bax, and p21. In conclusion, cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(phen)(dppb)]PF6 is active and selective for sarcoma-180 cells, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 and cell death through a caspases-mediated and Tp53/p21-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Santos Faria
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Delleon Silva
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
- Uni-Anhanguera University Center of Goias, Goiania, Goiás, 74423-115, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás, Goiania, Goiás, 74055-110, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Carvalho Pires
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Castro Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Aliny Pereira de Lima
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
- Faculty of Brazil Institute (FIBRA), Anapolis, Goiás, 75133-050, Brazil
| | - Sônia de Fátima Oliveira Santos
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Thallita Monteiro Teixeira
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Paula Francinete Faustino da Silva
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | | | - Alzir Azevedo Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Sao Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil
| | | | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, 14784-400, Brazil
| | - Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda
- Department of Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Avenida Esperança, s/n, Campus Samambaia (Campus II), Cx. Postal 131, Goiania, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
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de Sousa IH, Campos VNS, Vale AAM, Maciel-Silva VL, Leite CM, Lopes AJO, Mourão PS, das Chagas Alves Lima F, Batista AA, de Azevedo Dos Santos APS, Almeida MAP, Pereira SRF. Ruthenium (II) complexes with N, O-chelating proline and threonine ligands cause selective cytotoxicity by the induction of genomic instability, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in breast and prostate tumor cells. Toxicol In Vitro 2019; 62:104679. [PMID: 31676337 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.104679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium complexes are being considered as novel chemotherapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment. In our study, we assessed the antitumoral activities of novel ruthenium complexes coupled to the amino acids proline (RuPro) and threonine (RuThr) in prostate tumor cell lines (DU145) and breast (MCF7), and normal cell lines of the lung fibroblast (GM07492A). Our results revealed that the EC50 of the complexes for DU145 and MCF7 was two times lower than that GM07492A. Moreover, RuPro and RuThr were not able to induce significant genomic instability, cell cycle arrest or cell death in GM07492A, but could induce DNA damage, arrest in G2/M and apoptosis in DU145 and MCF7. Furthermore, BAX, TP53 and ATM were found to be upregulated in DU145 and MCF7 treated with RuPro and RuThr, in which, a higher ASCT2 gene expression was also observed. Using molecular docking, RuPro and RuThr interact with ASCT2, suggesting that this transporter might have a pivotal role in the execution of their activities. Hence, our results with RuPro and RuThr are capable of selectively inducing genetic damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in DU145 and MCF7. We suggest that the selective action of the RuPro and RuThr complexes is related to the higher expression of ASCT2 in the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Higino de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology-BIONORTE, Federal University of Maranhão, Dom Delgado University City, 1966, CEP. 65085-580, São Luís, MA, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil.
| | | | - André Alvares Marques Vale
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil; Laboratory of Immunology applied to Cancer, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Maciel-Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology-BIONORTE, Federal University of Maranhão, Dom Delgado University City, 1966, CEP. 65085-580, São Luís, MA, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil; Department of Chemistry and Biology, State University of Maranhão, Paul VI campus, CEP 65055970, São Luis, MA, Brazil
| | - Celisnolia Moraes Leite
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Alberto Jorge Oliveira Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, Brazil; Research Group in Computational Quantum Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Planning, State University of Piauí, GPQQ&PF/UESPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Penina Sousa Mourão
- Research Group in Computational Quantum Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Planning, State University of Piauí, GPQQ&PF/UESPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisco das Chagas Alves Lima
- Research Group in Computational Quantum Chemistry & Pharmaceutical Planning, State University of Piauí, GPQQ&PF/UESPI, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Alzir Azevedo Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, CP 676, CEP 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Gopu S, Ravi Kumar V, Laxma Reddy K, Venkat Reddy P, Sirasani S. DNA binding, photocleavage, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes containing BOPIP ligand, (BOPIP = {2-(4-(benzyloxy) phenyl)-1H-imidazo [4,5-f] [1,2]phenanthroline}). NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 38:349-373. [PMID: 30890029 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2018.1549329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A novel ligand BOPIP (BOPIP = {2-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline}) and its mononuclear Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes [Ru(phen)2 BOPIP]2+(1) (phen = 1,10-Phenanthrolene), [Ru(bpy)2 BOPIP]2+(2) (bpy = 2,2' bipyridyl), [Ru(dmb)2 BOPIP]2+(3) (dmb = 4, 4' -dimethyl 2, 2' -bipyridine), [Ru(Hdpa)2 BOPIP]2+(4) (Hdpa = 2,2'dipyridylamine) have been synthesized successfully and characterized by elemental analysis, UV-vis, IR, 1H, 13 C-NMR, and ESI-MS Spectroscopy. The interaction of these complexes with CT-DNA was studied using absorption, emission techniques, viscosity measurements and molecular docking studies. The docking study also supports the binding ability of complexes obtained through the absorption and emission techniques. These studies reveal that the Four Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes bind to DNA predominantly by intercalation. The Antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of these complexes are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivas Gopu
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science, Osmania University , Hyderabad , Telangana State , India.,b Department of Chemistry , Government Degree College Manthani , Peddapalli District , Telangana State , India
| | - Vuradi Ravi Kumar
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science, Osmania University , Hyderabad , Telangana State , India
| | - Kotha Laxma Reddy
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science, Osmania University , Hyderabad , Telangana State , India
| | - Putta Venkat Reddy
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science, Osmania University , Hyderabad , Telangana State , India
| | - Satyanarayana Sirasani
- a Department of Chemistry , University College of Science, Osmania University , Hyderabad , Telangana State , India
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12
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Bhatti MZ, Ali A, Duong HQ, Chen J, Rahman FU. Anticancer activity and mechanism of bis-pyrimidine based dimetallic Ru(II)(η 6-p-cymene) complex in human non-small cell lung cancer via p53-dependent pathway. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 194:52-64. [PMID: 30831390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cancer worldwide, which is related with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. Notably, ruthenium-based complexes have emerged as good alternative to the currently used platinum-based drugs for cancer therapy. In the present study, we synthesized a novel bis-pyrimidine based ligand 1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene (L) and used it in the synthesis of a dimetallic Ru(II) cymene complex [(Ru(η6-p-cymene)Cl)2(1,3-bis(2-methyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)benzene)] (L-Ru). We checked the stability of this complex in solution state in D2O/DMSO‑d6 mixture and found it to be highly stable under these conditions. We determined the anticancer activity and mechanism of action of L-Ru in human NSCLC A549 and A427 by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and related biological analyses. These results revealed that L-Ru exerted a strong inhibitory effect on the cells proliferation,G0/G1-arrest, accompanied with upregulation of p53, p21, p15, cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein and downregulation of cell cycle markers. L-Ru inhibited cell migration and invasion. The mitochondria-mediated apoptosis of NSCLC induced by L-Ru was also observed followed by the increase of apoptosis regulator B-cell lymphoma 2 associated X (BAX), and activation of caspase-3/-9. The effects of L-Ru on the cell viability, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) positive cells and Annexin V-positive cells apoptosis induction were remarkably attenuated. This complex induced DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death via caspase-dependent apoptosis involving PARP activation and induction of p53-dependent pathway. These findings suggested that this ruthenium complex might be a potential effective chemotherapeutic agent in NSCLC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Ali
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Institute of Integrative Biosciences, CECOS University of IT and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Hong-Quan Duong
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, K7/25 Quang Trung, Danang 550000, Viet Nam
| | - Jiwu Chen
- School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
| | - Faiz-Ur Rahman
- Center for Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
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13
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Nath M, Roy P, Mishra R, Thakur M. Structure‐cytotoxicity relationship for apoptotic inducers organotin(IV) derivatives of mandelic acid and L‐proline and their mixed ligand complexes having enhanced cytotoxicity. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mala Nath
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Rutusmita Mishra
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
| | - Mridula Thakur
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee Roorkee 247667 India
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14
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Sahoo CR, Paidesetty SK, Padhy RN. Norharmane as a potential chemical entity for development of anticancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 162:752-764. [PMID: 30496990 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death generally, and to overcome this problem the introduction of a new drug developing is a continuous endeavour. An alkaloid, norharmane and its derivatives, which have anticancer activities, widely distributed in several living and synthetic chemical sources. Herewith, the suggested mechanisms of organic reactions and synthetic approaches of norharmane available so far were considered. Active sites of norharmane nucleus positions, C-1, C-3, and N-9, were used for developing new molecules and based on structure activity relationship (SAR), those have been seen with anticancer activities. This review summarizes on chemistry of synthetic strategies of norharmane derivatives, which may provide a framework to design a novel anticancer drug, in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chita Ranjan Sahoo
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar Paidesetty
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
| | - Rabindra Nath Padhy
- Central Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, 751003, Odisha, India.
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15
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Raj Kumar R, Ramesh R, Małecki JG. Synthesis and structure of arene ruthenium(II) benzhydrazone complexes: Antiproliferative activity, apoptosis induction and cell cycle analysis. J Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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16
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Maisuls I, Wolcan E, Piro OE, Castellano EE, Petroselli G, Erra-Balsells R, Cabrerizo FM, Ruiz GT. Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with β-Carboline Ligands. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iván Maisuls
- INIFTA; UNLP (CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, C.C. 16, Suc. 4, (B1906ZAA); La Plata Argentina
- IIB-INTECH - UNSAM-CONICET; I. Marino Km 8,2. CC 164 7130 Chascomús, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Wolcan
- INIFTA; UNLP (CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, C.C. 16, Suc. 4, (B1906ZAA); La Plata Argentina
| | - Oscar E. Piro
- Instituto IFLP (CCT La Plata-CONICET) y Depto. de Física; FCE-UNLP, C.C. 67; 1900 La Plata Argentina
| | | | - Gabriela Petroselli
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, FCEyN; UBA, Pabellón II, 3er P., Ciudad Universitaria; (1428) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, FCEyN; UBA, Pabellón II, 3er P., Ciudad Universitaria; (1428) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Franco M. Cabrerizo
- IIB-INTECH - UNSAM-CONICET; I. Marino Km 8,2. CC 164 7130 Chascomús, Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Gustavo T. Ruiz
- INIFTA; UNLP (CCT La Plata-CONICET), Diag. 113 y 64, C.C. 16, Suc. 4, (B1906ZAA); La Plata Argentina
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17
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Magalhães LF, Mello-Andrade F, Pires WC, Silva HD, da Silva PFF, Macedo LM, Henrique de Castro C, Carneiro CC, Cardoso CG, de Melo Reis PR, Camargo de Oliveira L, Caetano RR, Batista AA, Silveira-Lacerda EDP. cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppe)]PF6 induces anti-angiogenesis and apoptosis by a mechanism of caspase-dependent involving DNA damage, PARP activation, and Tp53 induction in Ehrlich tumor cells. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 278:101-113. [PMID: 28935426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Antimetastatic activities, low toxicity to normal cells and high selectivity for tumor cells make of the ruthenium complexes promising candidates in the search for develop new chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of cancer. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic, genotoxic and to elucidate the signaling pathway involved in the death cell process induced by cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppb)]PF6(1) and cis-[RuCl(BzCN)(bipy)(dppe)]PF6(2) in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in vitro. Moreover, we report for the first time the anti-angiogenic potential on chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from healthy controls with an age range of 20-30 years and used to calculate the selectivity index (SI). The complex 2 (IC50 = 8.5 ± 0.4/SI = 6.3) showed high cytotoxic and selectivity index against EAC cells than complex 1 (IC50 = 14.9 ± 0.2/SI = 0.2) using the MTT assay. Complex 2 induced DNA damage on Ehrlich tumor cells at concentrations and time periods evalueted. In consequence, it was observed an increase of Tp53 gene expression, G0/G1-arrest cells, and increased levels of cleaved PARP protein. Beside that, the treatment of EAC with complex 2 led to an increase in Annexin V-positive cells and apoptosis induction by Caspase-7. Additionally, the complex 2 inhibited the angiogenesis caused by Ehrlich tumor cells in CAM model. This complex is active and selective for Ehrlich tumor cells, inducing DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and cell death by caspase-dependent apoptosis involving PARP activation (PARP1), and Tp53 induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Félix Magalhães
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Wanessa Carvalho Pires
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Hugo Delleon Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Paula Francinete Faustino da Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Larissa Matuda Macedo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phisiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique de Castro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Phisiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Cristiene Costa Carneiro
- Mutagenesis and Microorganisms Radiobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Clever Gomes Cardoso
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University Federal of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Alzir A Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, SãoCarlos, SP CEP 13.565-905, Brazil
| | - Elisângela de Paula Silveira-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cytogenetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás - UFG, Goiânia, GO CEP 74001-970, Brazil.
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18
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Synthesis, characterization, cellular uptake and apoptosis-inducing properties of two highly cytotoxic cyclometalated ruthenium(II) β-carboline complexes. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 140:104-117. [PMID: 28923379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Revised: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two new cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes of the general formula [Ru(N-N)2(1-Ph-βC)](PF6), where N-N = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dmb, Ru1), 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy, Ru2), and 1-Ph-βC (1-phenyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole) is a β-carboline alkaloids derivatives, have been synthesized and characterized. The in vitro cytotoxicities, cellular uptake and localization, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-inducing mechanisms of these complexes have been extensively explored by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), flow cytometry, comet assay, inverted fluorescence microscope as well as western blotting experimental techniques. Notably, Ru1 and Ru2 exhibit potent antiproliferative activities against selected human cancer cell lines with IC50 values lower than those of cisplatin and other non-cyclometalated Ru(II) β-carboline complexes. The cellular uptake and localization exhibit that these complexes can accumulate in the cell nuclei. Further antitumor mechanism studies show that Ru1 and Ru2 can cause cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase by regulating cell cycle relative proteins and induce apoptosis through mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and ROS-mediated DNA damage.
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Pires WC, Lima BAV, de Castro Pereira F, Lima AP, Mello-Andrade F, Silva HD, da Silva MM, Colina-Vegas L, Ellena J, Batista AA, de Paul Silveira-Lacerda E. Ru(II)/diphenylphosphine/pyridine-6-thiolate complexes induce S-180 cell apoptosis through intrinsic mitochondrial pathway involving inhibition of Bcl-2 and p53/Bax activation. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 438:199-217. [PMID: 28795366 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3129-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was the synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity evaluation of three new Ru(II) complexes with a general formula [Ru(Spy)(bipy)(P-P)]PF6 [Spy = pyridine-6-thiolate; bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine; P-P = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane (1); 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphine) propane (2); and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] (4). Complex (3) with the 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane ligand, already known from the literature, was also synthesized, to be better studied here. The cytotoxicities of the complexes toward two kinds of cancerous cells (K562 and S-180 cells) were evaluated and compared to normal cells (L-929 and PBMC) by MTT assay. The complex [Ru(Spy)(bipy)(dppb)]PF6 (3) was selected to study both the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying its promising anticancer action in S-180 cells. The results obtained from this study indicated that complex (3) induces cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase in S-180 cells associated with a decrease in the number of cells in S phase. After 24 and 48 h of exposure to complex (3), the cell viability decreased when compared to the negative control. Complex (3) does not appear to be involved in the DNA damage, but induced changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential in S-180 cells. Furthermore, there was also an increase in the gene expression of Bax, Caspase 9, and Tp53. According to our results, complex (3) induces cell apoptosis through p53/Bax-dependent intrinsic pathway and suppresses the expression of active antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanessa Carvalho Pires
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | | | - Flávia de Castro Pereira
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Aliny Pereira Lima
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Francyelli Mello-Andrade
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Hugo Delleon Silva
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Monize Martins da Silva
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Legna Colina-Vegas
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Javier Ellena
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, P.O. Box 369, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Alzir A Batista
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, P.O. Box 676, São Carlos, 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Elisângela de Paul Silveira-Lacerda
- Laboratório de Genética Molecular e Citogenética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
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Tang B, Wan D, Lai SH, Yang HH, Zhang C, Wang XZ, Zeng CC, Liu YJ. Design, synthesis and evaluation of anticancer activity of ruthenium (II) polypyridyl complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 173:93-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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21
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Kumar S, Singh A, Kumar K, Kumar V. Recent insights into synthetic β-carbolines with anti-cancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:48-73. [PMID: 28583770 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer, an uncontrolled and rapid proliferation of abnormal cells, has become one of the leading cause of death worldwide. The development of resistance among the numerous drugs in clinical use has provided strong impetus for the identification and development of novel cancer therapeutics. β-carbolines constitute an important class of pharmacologically active scaffolds known to exert their anticancer activities via diverse mechanisms. The purpose of present review article is to update the readers on the current developments in β-carbolines with an emphasis on synthetic strategies, structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action and in vivo studies wherever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Kewal Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Giani Zail Singh Campus College of Engineering & Technology, MRSPTU, Dabwali Road, Bathinda, 151001, India
| | - Vipan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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22
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Basu Baul TS, Dutta D, Duthie A, Prasad R, Rana NK, Koch B, Tiekink ERT. Triphenyltin(IV) benzoates with diazenyl/imino scaffold exhibiting remarkable apoptosis mediated by reactive oxygen species. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 173:79-92. [PMID: 28505480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 03/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The cytotoxic potency of a series of triphenyltin(IV) compounds of general composition [Ph3Sn(Ln)] (1-6) has been probed in vitro employing MDA-MB-231 (human breast cancer) and HeLa (human cervical cancer) cell lines, where Ln=L1-3; isomeric 2/3/4-{(E)-2-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]diazenyl}benzoates and L4-6 are their corresponding isoelectronic imino analogues 2/3/4-[(E)-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}amino]benzoates. Compounds 1-6 have been characterized by elemental analysis and their spectroscopic properties were studied using IR and NMR (1H, 13C, 119Sn) techniques. The molecular structures of a pro-ligand 2-[(E)-{[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}amino]benzoic acid (HL4) and two representative molecules, Ph3Sn(L2) 2 and Ph3Sn(L5) 5, have been determined by X-ray crystallography. Structural analyses of 2 and 5 revealed distorted tetrahedral geometries within C3O donor sets owing to monodentate modes of coordination of the respective carboxylate ligands, close intramolecular Sn…O(carbonyl) interactions notwithstanding. Cytotoxic studies in vitro in MDA-MB-231 and HeLa cell lines revealed high activity, in sub-micromolar range, for all investigated compounds. Among these, 1 and 3 exhibited potent cytotoxicity most effectively towards MDA-MB-231 cells with a IC50 value of 1.19 and 1.44μM, respectively, whereas 5 showed remarkable activity towards HeLa cells with a IC50 value of 0.88μM, yet the series of compounds had minimal cytotoxic effect on normal HEK 293 (human embryonic kidney) cell line. The underlying investigation suggested that the compounds exert potent antitumor effect by elevating intracellular reactive oxygen species generation and cause delay in cell cycle by inhibiting cells at G2/M phase. The results presented herein suggest further development of this class of triphenyltin(IV) compounds-based drugs as potential anti-cancer therapies should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tushar S Basu Baul
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, NEHU Permanent Campus, Umshing, Shillong 793 022, India.
| | - Dhrubajyoti Dutta
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, NEHU Permanent Campus, Umshing, Shillong 793 022, India
| | - Andrew Duthie
- School of Life & Environmental Science, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia
| | - Ritika Prasad
- Genotoxicology and Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nishant Kumar Rana
- Genotoxicology and Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Biplob Koch
- Genotoxicology and Cancer Biology Lab, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
| | - Edward R T Tiekink
- Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Thangavel P, Viswanath B, Kim S. Recent developments in the nanostructured materials functionalized with ruthenium complexes for targeted drug delivery to tumors. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:2749-2758. [PMID: 28435255 PMCID: PMC5388259 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s131304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the field of metal-based drugs has been dominated by other existing precious metal drugs, and many researchers have focused their attention on the synthesis of various ruthenium (Ru) complexes due to their potential medical and pharmaceutical applications. The beneficial properties of Ru, which make it a highly promising therapeutic agent, include its variable oxidation states, low toxicity, high selectivity for diseased cells, ligand exchange properties, and the ability to mimic iron binding to biomolecules. In addition, Ru complexes have favorable adsorption properties, along with excellent photochemical and photophysical properties, which make them promising tools for photodynamic therapy. At present, nanostructured materials functionalized with Ru complexes have become an efficient way to administer Ru-based anticancer drugs for cancer treatment. In this review, the recent developments in the nanostructured materials functionalized with Ru complexes for targeted drug delivery to tumors are discussed. In addition, information on "traditional" (ie, non-nanostructured) Ru-based cancer therapies is included in a precise manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Thangavel
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do
| | - Buddolla Viswanath
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do
| | - Sanghyo Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology, Gachon University, Bokjeong-Dong, Sujeong-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do
- Graduate Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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24
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Kumar RR, Ramesh R, Małecki JG. Ru(II) carbazole thiosemicarbazone complexes with four membered chelate ring: Synthesis, molecular structures and evaluation of biological activities. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 165:310-327. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Inamdar P, Angappan S. DNA binding behaviour of mixed ligand vanadium(V) complex based on novel tridentate hydrazone and benzhydroxamic acid ligand systems. Appl Organomet Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Inamdar
- Department of Chemistry; School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University; Vellore India
| | - Sheela Angappan
- Department of Chemistry; School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University; Vellore India
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26
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Khan RA, de Almeida A, Al-Farhan K, Alsalme A, Casini A, Ghazzali M, Reedijk J. Transition-metal norharmane compounds as possible cytotoxic agents: New insights based on a coordination chemistry perspective. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 165:128-135. [PMID: 27453532 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
New first-row transition-metal compounds with the ligand norharmane (9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indole; Hnor) are reported. The compounds have the general formula [M(LL)(Hnor)(NO3)2](MeOH)0-1 (M=Co, Ni, Cu, Zn; LL=2,2'-bipyridyl (bpy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen)) and have been characterized by physical and analytical methods. X-ray structural analysis revealed that the compound of formula [Cu(phen)(Hnor)(NO3)2], (1) has a distorted 6-coordinated octahedrally-based geometry, with a planar-based [CuN3O] core, where Cu-L varies between 1.99 and 2.04Å and two weak axial CuO contacts (2.209 and 2.644Å) from two different nitrates. Based on spectroscopic similarities, the other compounds appear to have the same or very similar coordination geometries. The compounds showed clear cell growth inhibitory effects in two different cancer cell lines in vitro, with the copper and zinc complexes being the most toxic and in fact almost comparable to cisplatin. Flow-cytometry analysis confirmed induction of apoptosis in cancer cells treated with the compounds. Interestingly, co-incubation of the cells with metal complexes and CuCl2 induced an increase in the cytotoxic effects, most likely due to the conversion of the metal compounds in the corresponding, and most active, copper analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rais Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreia de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Khalid Al-Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Cardiff School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park place, Cardiff CF10 3A, United Kingdom.
| | - Mohamed Ghazzali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jan Reedijk
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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27
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Khan RA, Dielmann F, Liu X, Hahn FE, Al-Farhan K, Alsalme A, Reedijk J. Tetrahedrally coordinated luminescent copper(I) compounds containing halide, phosphane and norharmane ligands. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2016.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Inamdar PR, Chauhan R, Abraham J, Sheela A. DNA interaction and cytotoxic activity of copper complex based on tridentate hydrazone derived ligand and nitrogen donor heterocycle. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2016.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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29
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Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, DNA and BSA binding, molecular docking and in vitro anticancer activities of a mononuclear dioxido-uranium(VI) complex derived from a tridentate ONO aroylhydrazone. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 158:219-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Ye RR, Tan CP, Chen MH, Hao L, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Mono- and Dinuclear Phosphorescent Rhenium(I) Complexes: Impact of Subcellular Localization on Anticancer Mechanisms. Chemistry 2016; 22:7800-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rong Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Mu-He Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P.R. China
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31
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The studies on the cytotoxicity in vitro, cellular uptake, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis-inducing properties of ruthenium methylimidazole complex [Ru(MeIm)4(p-cpip)]2+. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 156:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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32
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SHEIKHSHOAIE IRAN, EBRAHIMIPOUR SYOUSEF, SHEIKHSHOAIE MAHDIEH, MOHAMADI MARYAM, ABBASNEJAD MEHDI, RUDBARI HADIAMIRI, BRUNO GIUSEPPE. Synthesis, characterization, X-ray crystal structure, electrochemical evaluation and anti-cancer studies of a mixed ligand Cu(II) complex of (E)-N′-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide. J CHEM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-015-0978-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Jayanthi E, Anusuya M, Bhuvanesh N, Khalil K, Dharmaraj N. Synthesis and characterization of ruthenium(II) hydrazone complexes as anticancer chemotherapeutic agents: in vitro DNA/BSA protein binding and cytotoxicity assay. J COORD CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2015.1077950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Jayanthi
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - M. Anusuya
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - N.S.P. Bhuvanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - K.A. Khalil
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Energy Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - N. Dharmaraj
- Inorganic & Nanomaterials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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34
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A mononuclear Cu(II) complex with 5,6-diphenyl-3-(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazine: Synthesis, crystal structure, DNA- and BSA-binding, molecular modeling, and anticancer activity against MCF-7, A-549, and HT-29 cell lines. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 96:66-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Leung CH, Lin S, Zhong HJ, Ma DL. Metal complexes as potential modulators of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. Chem Sci 2015; 6:871-884. [PMID: 28660015 PMCID: PMC5472922 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03094j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the realm of inorganic medicinal chemistry has been dominated by the study of the anti-cancer properties of transition metal complexes, particularly those based on platinum or ruthenium. However, comparatively less attention has been focused on the development of metal complexes for the treatment of inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Metal complexes possess a number of advantages that render them as attractive alternatives to organic small molecules for the development of therapeutic agents. In this perspective, we highlight recent examples in the development of transition metal complexes as modulators of inflammatory and autoimmune responses. The studies presented here serve to highlight the potential of transition metal complexes in modulating inflammatory or immune pathways in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Hang Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macao , China .
| | - Sheng Lin
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong , China .
| | - Hai-Jing Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine , Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences , University of Macau , Macao , China .
| | - Dik-Lung Ma
- Department of Chemistry , Hong Kong Baptist University , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong , China .
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36
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Medici S, Peana M, Nurchi VM, Lachowicz JI, Crisponi G, Zoroddu MA. Noble metals in medicine: Latest advances. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 373] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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37
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Mohamadi M, Yousef Ebrahimipour S, Torkzadeh-Mahani M, Foro S, Akbari A. A mononuclear diketone-based oxido-vanadium(iv) complex: structure, DNA and BSA binding, molecular docking and anticancer activities against MCF-7, HPG-2, and HT-29 cell lines. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13715b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A mononuclear oxido-vanadium(iv) complex, [VO(L)2], has been synthesized and its interactions with DNA and BSA have been investigated experimentally and theoretically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mohamadi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
- Kerman
- Iran
| | | | - Masoud Torkzadeh-Mahani
- Department of Biotechnology
- Institute of Science
- High Technology and Environmental Science
- Graduate University of Advance Technology
- Kerman
| | - Sabine Foro
- Materials Science Department
- 64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Alireza Akbari
- Department of Chemistry
- Payam Noor University (PNU)
- 19395-4697 Tehran
- Iran
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38
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Apoptosis in BEL-7402 cells induced by ruthenium(II) complexes through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway. TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-014-9867-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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39
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Sharma S, Kaur C, Budhiraja A, Nepali K, Gupta MK, Saxena AK, Bedi PMS. Chalcone based azacarboline analogues as novel antitubulin agents: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling studies. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:648-60. [PMID: 25128667 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The present study involves the design of a series of 3-aryl-9-acetyl-pyridazino[3,4-b]indoles as constrained chalcone analogues. A retrosynthetic route was proposed for the synthesis of target compounds. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for in-vitro cytotoxicity against THP-1, COLO-205, HCT-116 and A-549 human cancer cell lines. The results indicated that 2a, 3a, 5a and 6a possessed significant cytotoxic potential with an IC50 value ranging from 1.13 to 5.76 μM. Structure activity relationship revealed that the nature of both Ring A and Ring B influences the activity. Substitution of methoxy groups on the phenyl ring (Ring A) and unsubstituted phenyl ring (Ring B) were found to be the preferred structural features. The most potent compound 2a was further tested for tubulin inhibition. Compound 2a was found to significantly inhibit the tubulin polymerization (IC50 value - 2.41 μM against THP-1). Compound 2a also caused disruption of microtubule assembly as evidenced by Immunoflourescence technique. The significant cytotoxicity and tubulin inhibition by 2a was rationalized by molecular modelling studies. The most potent structure was docked at colchicine binding site (PDB ID-1SA0) and was found to be stabilized in the cavity via various hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahil Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Charanjit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Abhishek Budhiraja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kunal Nepali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India.
| | - Manish K Gupta
- Molecular Modeling and Pharmacoinformatics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 143005, India; Lloyd Institute of Management and Technology, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - A K Saxena
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - P M S Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
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40
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Ahmad Khan R, Al-Farhan K, de Almeida A, Alsalme A, Casini A, Ghazzali M, Reedijk J. Light-stable bis(norharmane)silver(I) compounds: synthesis, characterization and antiproliferative effects in cancer cells. J Inorg Biochem 2014; 140:1-5. [PMID: 25042730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Four different-anion Ag(I) compounds with the ligand norharmane (9H-Pyrido[3,4-b]indole; Hnor) and having the general formula [Ag(Hnor)2](anion) (anion=ClO4(-), NO3(-) and BF4(-)) [Ag(Hnor)2(MeCN)](PF6) are reported, and studied in detail regarding their coordination mode and in vitro antiproliferative effects. X-ray structural analysis revealed that the complex with the PF6(-) anion has a MeCN solvent molecule weakly coordinated to Ag(I), making the metal coordination T-shaped, while the other compounds present the classical linear Ag(I) coordination. The compounds showed certain cell growth inhibitory effects in two different cancer cell lines, with the perchlorate containing complex being the most toxic and in fact comparable to cisplatin. Notably, the compounds are stable in visible light; and the luminescence in the solid state was found to be extremely weak, whereas in MeOH solution all compounds show a moderate to weak emission band at 375 nm, when excited at 290 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rais Ahmad Khan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Al-Farhan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andreia de Almeida
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Toxicology and Targeting, Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamed Ghazzali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jan Reedijk
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
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