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Chemistry and Biological Activities of Naturally Occurring and Structurally Modified Podophyllotoxins. Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010302. [PMID: 36615496 PMCID: PMC9822336 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants containing podophyllotoxin and its analogues have been used as folk medicines for centuries. The characteristic chemical structures and strong biological activities of this class of compounds attracted attention worldwide. Currently, more than ninety natural podophyllotoxins were isolated, and structure modifications of these molecules were performed to afford a variety of derivatives, which offered optimized anti-tumor activity. This review summarized up to date reports on natural occurring podophyllotoxins and their sources, structural modification and biological activities. Special attention was paid to both structural modification and optimized antitumor activity. It was noteworthy that etoposide, a derivative of podophyllotoxin, could prevent cytokine storm caused by the recent SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
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2
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Brunelli F, Ceresa C, Fracchia L, Tron GC, Aprile S. Expanding the Chemical Space of Drug-like Passerini Compounds: Can α-Acyloxy Carboxamides Be Considered Hard Drugs? ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1898-1904. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Brunelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Chiara Ceresa
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Letizia Fracchia
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gian Cesare Tron
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Silvio Aprile
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”, Largo Donegani 2, 28100 Novara, Italy
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3
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Design, Semisynthesis, and Estrogenic Activity of Lignan Derivatives from Natural Dibenzylbutyrolactones. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050585. [PMID: 35631411 PMCID: PMC9145393 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on molecular docking studies on the ERα, a series of lignan derivatives (3–16) were designed and semisynthesized from the natural dibenzylbutyrolactones bursehernin (1) and matairesinol dimethyl ether (2). To examine their estrogenic and antiestrogenic potencies, the effects of these compounds on estrogen receptor element (ERE)-driven reporter gene expression and viability in human ER+ breast cancer cells were evaluated. Lignan compounds induced ERE-driven reporter gene expression with very low potency as compared with the pure agonist E2. However, coincubation of 5 μM of lignan derivatives 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, and 14 with increasing concentrations of E2 (from 0.01 pM to 1 nM) reduced both the potency and efficacy of pure agonists. The binding to the rhERα-LBD was validated by TR-FRET competitive binding assay and lignans bound to the rhERα with IC50 values from 0.16 μM (compound 14) to 6 μM (compound 4). Induced fit docking (IFD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for compound 14 were carried out to further investigate the binding mode interactions. Finally, the in silico ADME predictions indicated that the most potent lignan derivatives exhibited good drug-likeness.
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Mousapour M, Hassani SAM, Shirini F. First Asymmetric Synthesis of Passerini‐Type Condensation Products in Water Using Pregabalin: A Chiral Amino Acid for the Efficient Asymmetric Induction. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Mousapour
- Department of Chemistry College of Science University of Guilan Rasht 41335-19141 Iran
| | | | - Farhad Shirini
- Department of Chemistry College of Science University of Guilan Rasht 41335-19141 Iran
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Mosbah MB, Mechi L, Moussaoui Y. Montmorillonite KSF-Catalyzed Synthesis of 2,2′-(Arylmethylene)bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ones) for the Functionalization of MCM-41 Silica Nanoparticles. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428021090219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel
α‐Acyloxycarboxamide‐Based
Derivatives as
c‐Met
Inhibitors. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Nan X, Li HJ, Fang SB, Li QY, Wu YC. Structure-based discovery of novel 4-(2-fluorophenoxy)quinoline derivatives as c-Met inhibitors using isocyanide-involved multicomponent reactions. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 193:112241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Insuasty D, Castillo J, Becerra D, Rojas H, Abonia R. Synthesis of Biologically Active Molecules through Multicomponent Reactions. Molecules 2020; 25:E505. [PMID: 31991635 PMCID: PMC7038231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Focusing on the literature progress since 2002, the present review explores the highly significant role that multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have played as a very important tool for expedite synthesis of a vast number of organic molecules, but also, highlights the fact that many of such molecules are biologically active or at least have been submitted to any biological screen. The selected papers covered in this review must meet two mandatory requirements: (1) the reported products should be obtained via a multicomponent reaction; (2) the reported products should be biologically actives or at least tested for any biological property. Given the diversity of synthetic approaches utilized in MCRs, the highly diverse nature of the biological activities evaluated for the synthesized compounds, and considering their huge structural variability, much of the reported data are organized into concise schemes and tables to facilitate comparison, and to underscore the key points of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Insuasty
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biología, Departamento de Química y Biología, Universidad del Norte, Km 5 vía Puerto Colombia 1569, Barranquilla Atlántico 081007, Colombia;
| | - Juan Castillo
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Diana Becerra
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
| | - Hugo Rojas
- Grupo de Catálisis, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja 150003, Colombia; (J.C.); (D.B.); (H.R.)
| | - Rodrigo Abonia
- Research Group of Heterocyclic Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Universidad del Valle, Cali A. A. 25360, Colombia
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Zhang L, Rong Y, Zheng J, Yang C, Chen Y, Wang J, Wei G. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel nitric oxide-donating podophyllotoxin derivatives as potential antiproliferative agents against multi-drug resistant leukemia cells. RSC Adv 2018; 8:34266-34274. [PMID: 35548612 PMCID: PMC9087117 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06360e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistance remains a major obstacle for the effective treatment of carcinoma. To find new drugs for the chemotherapy of drug-resistant leukemia, in this study, two novel nitric oxide-donating podophyllotoxin derivatives were synthesized and preliminarily evaluated in vitro. Biological evaluation indicated that the more active molecule, S1, enhanced the intracellular NO level and significantly inhibited the proliferation of drug-resistant K562/VCR and K562/ADR cells with IC50 values of 0.008 ± 0.001 and 0.007 ± 0.001 μM, respectively, which were similar to that of sensitive K562 cells. Furthermore, it was observed that S1 blocked the G2 phase of the K562/ADR cell cycle by disruption of the microtubule organization and inhibition of CDK1 and CDK2 expression. Meanwhile, S1 induced apoptosis of K562/ADR cells via mitochondrial depolarization and activation of caspase-3. In addition, S1 suppressed the P-gp expression, induced autophagy by regulation of Beclin1 and LC3-II, and inhibited the mTOR and STAT3 signaling in K562/ADR cells. Overall, S1 may be a promising candidate against drug-resistant leukemia. Conjugate S1 exhibited potential antiproliferative activity against multi-drug resistant leukemia cells.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Ying Rong
- Second Department of Pediatrics
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
- PR China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Nephrology & Rheumatology
- Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
- PR China
| | - Chengli Yang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Yongzheng Chen
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
| | - Jing Wang
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Green Pharmaceuticals Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi 563003
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Lewandowski M, Gwozdzinski K. Nitroxides as Antioxidants and Anticancer Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18112490. [PMID: 29165366 PMCID: PMC5713456 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18112490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitroxides are stable free radicals that contain a nitroxyl group with an unpaired electron. In this paper, we present the properties and application of nitroxides as antioxidants and anticancer drugs. The mostly used nitroxides in biology and medicine are a group of heterocyclic nitroxide derivatives of piperidine, pyrroline and pyrrolidine. The antioxidant action of nitroxides is associated with their redox cycle. Nitroxides, unlike other antioxidants, are characterized by a catalytic mechanism of action associated with a single electron oxidation and reduction reaction. In biological conditions, they mimic superoxide dismutase (SOD), modulate hemoprotein’s catalase-like activity, scavenge reactive free radicals, inhibit the Fenton and Haber-Weiss reactions and suppress the oxidation of biological materials (peptides, proteins, lipids, etc.). The use of nitroxides as antioxidants against oxidative stress induced by anticancer drugs has also been investigated. The application of nitroxides and their derivatives as anticancer drugs is discussed in the contexts of breast, hepatic, lung, ovarian, lymphatic and thyroid cancers under in vivo and in vitro experiments. In this article, we focus on new natural spin-labelled derivatives such as camptothecin, rotenone, combretastatin, podophyllotoxin and others. The applications of nitroxides in the aging process, cardiovascular disease and pathological conditions were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Lewandowski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Gwozdzinski
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland.
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Yu X, Che Z, Xu H. Recent Advances in the Chemistry and Biology of Podophyllotoxins. Chemistry 2017; 23:4467-4526. [PMID: 27726183 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin and its related aryltetralin cyclolignans belong to a family of important products that exhibit various biological properties (e.g., cytotoxic, insecticidal, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, neurotoxic, immunosuppressive, antirheumatic, antioxidative, antispasmogenic, and hypolipidemic activities). This Review provides a survey of podophyllotoxin and its analogues isolated from plants. In particular, recent developments in the elegant total chemical synthesis, structural modifications, biosynthesis, and biotransformation of podophyllotoxin and its analogues are summarized. Moreover, a deoxypodophyllotoxin-based chemosensor for selective detection of mercury ion is described. In addition to the most active podophyllotoxin derivatives in each series against human cancer cell lines and insect pests listed in the tables, the structure-activity relationships of podophyllotoxin derivatives as cytotoxic and insecticidal agents are also outlined. Future prospects and further developments in this area are covered at the end of the Review. We believe that this Review will provide necessary information for synthetic, medicinal, and pesticidal chemistry researchers who are interested in the chemistry and biology of podophyllotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471003, Henan Province, P. R. China
| | - Hui Xu
- Research Institute of Pesticidal Design and Synthesis, College of Plant Protection/Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China
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12
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Li Z, Su H, Yu W, Li X, Cheng H, Liu M, Pang X, Zou X. Design, synthesis and anticancer activities of novel otobain derivatives. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:277-87. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob02176f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Twenty novel racemic otobain derivatives have been designed and synthesized, among which compound 27g exhibited the most potent anticancer activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhou Li
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Hui Su
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Xinjun Li
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Mingyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Xiufeng Pang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
| | - Xinzhuo Zou
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai 200241
- China
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13
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Sadjadi S, Heravi MM, Nazari N. Isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions in the synthesis of heterocycles. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra02143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we update our previous presentation, underscoring the recent applications of isocyanides as privileged synthons in the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, especially focused on those synthesizedviamulticomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samahe Sadjadi
- Gas Conversion Department
- Faculty of Petrochemicals
- Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Majid M. Heravi
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
| | - Niousha Nazari
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Alzahra University
- Tehran
- Iran
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14
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Zhao XB, Wu D, Wang MJ, Goto M, Morris-Natschke SL, Liu YQ, Wu XB, Song ZL, Zhu GX, Lee KH. Design and synthesis of novel spin-labeled camptothecin derivatives as potent cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:6453-8. [PMID: 25438769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing search for natural product-based spin-labeled antitumor drugs, 20 novel spin-labeled camptothecin derivatives were synthesized via a Cu-catalyzed one pot reaction and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A-549, MDA-MB-231, KB, and KBvin). Eighteen of the target compounds (9a, 9b, 9d-9k, 9m-9t) exhibited significant in vitro antiproliferative activity against these four tested tumor cell lines. Compounds 9e and 9j (IC50 0.057 and 0.072μM, respectively) displayed the greatest cytotoxicity against the multidrug-resistant (MDR) KBvin cell line and merit further development into preclinical and clinical drug candidates for treating cancer including MDR phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Bo Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Dan Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Mei-Juan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Susan L Morris-Natschke
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Ying-Qian Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Bing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Zi-Long Song
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Gao-Xiang Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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