1
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Cai Y, Karmakar B, Babalghith AO, Batiha GES, AlSalem HS, El-Kott AF, Shati AA, Alfaifi MY, Elbehairi SEI. Decorated Au NPs on lignin coated magnetic nanoparticles: Investigation of its catalytic application in the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds and its performance against human lung cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 223:1067-1082. [PMID: 36368366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the recent years, bio-functionalized noble metal doped advanced magnetics nanocomposite materials has been materialized as potential featured catalysts in diverse applications. In this connection, we report herein a novel biogenic lignin driven Au nanoparticle supported Fe3O4 composite material. The procedure is free from any harsh reducing or stabilizing agent. Morphology and structural features were assessed following different physicochemical methodologies like FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, VSM and ICP-OES techniques. Thereafter, the [Fe3O4/Lignin/Au] material was successfully employed in the efficient reduction of different nitroarenes in aqueous medium. The process was monitored over UV-Vis spectroscopic study. Excellent yields were achieved with a range of diverse functionalized nitroarenes within 10-45 min of reaction. The nanocatalyst was recycled 10 times without any significant loss of catalytic activity. Distinctiveness of the material's activity was validated by comparing the results in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Furthermore, the prepared [Fe3O4/Lignin/Au] nanocomposite system exhibited outstanding antioxidant and anticancer effects against five lung cancer cell lines, such as, BICR 3, BICR 78, CALU 1, ChaGo-K-1, and A549. Cytotoxicity assay was determined in terms of % cell viability following MTT protocol. The corresponding IC50 values were obtained as 47, 31, 19, 25, and 31 μg/mL respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital & Medical School, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Bikash Karmakar
- Department of Chemistry, Gobardanga Hindu College, 24 Parganas (North), India
| | - Ahmad O Babalghith
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaber El-Saber Batiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, AlBeheira, Egypt
| | - Huda S AlSalem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Y Alfaifi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Serag Eldin I Elbehairi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Cell Culture Lab, Egyptian Organization for Biological Products and Vaccines (VACSERA Holding Company), 51 Wezaret El-Zeraa St., Agouza, Giza, Egypt.
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2
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Gilad Y, Gellerman G, Lonard DM, O’Malley BW. Drug Combination in Cancer Treatment-From Cocktails to Conjugated Combinations. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:669. [PMID: 33562300 PMCID: PMC7915944 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well recognized today that anticancer drugs often are most effective when used in combination. However, the establishment of chemotherapy as key modality in clinical oncology began with sporadic discoveries of chemicals that showed antiproliferative properties and which as a first attempt were used as single agents. In this review we describe the development of chemotherapy from its origins as a single drug treatment with cytotoxic agents to polydrug therapy that includes targeted drugs. We discuss the limitations of the first chemotherapeutic drugs as a motivation for the establishment of combined drug treatment as standard practice in spite of concerns about frequent severe, dose limiting toxicities. Next, we introduce the development of targeted treatment as a concept for advancement within the broader field of small-molecule drug combination therapy in cancer and its accelerating progress that was boosted by recent scientific and technological progresses. Finally, we describe an alternative strategy of drug combinations using drug-conjugates for selective delivery of cytotoxic drugs to tumor cells that potentiates future improvement of drug combinations in cancer treatment. Overall, in this review we outline the development of chemotherapy from a pharmacological perspective, from its early stages to modern concepts of using targeted therapies for combinational treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosi Gilad
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel;
| | - David M. Lonard
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Bert W. O’Malley
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
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3
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Conibear AC, Schmid A, Kamalov M, Becker CFW, Bello C. Recent Advances in Peptide-Based Approaches for Cancer Treatment. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1174-1205. [PMID: 29173146 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666171123204851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptide-based pharmaceuticals have recently experienced a renaissance due to their ability to fill the gap between the two main classes of available drugs, small molecules and biologics. Peptides combine the high potency and selectivity typical of large proteins with some of the characteristic advantages of small molecules such as synthetic accessibility, stability and the potential of oral bioavailability. METHODS In the present manuscript we review the recent literature on selected peptide-based approaches for cancer treatment, emphasizing recent advances, advantages and challenges of each strategy. RESULTS One of the applications in which peptide-based approaches have grown rapidly is cancer therapy, with a focus on new and established targets. We describe, with selected examples, some of the novel peptide-based methods for cancer treatment that have been developed in the last few years, ranging from naturally-occurring and modified peptides to peptidedrug conjugates, peptide nanomaterials and peptide-based vaccines. CONCLUSION This review brings out the emerging role of peptide-based strategies in oncology research, critically analyzing the advantages and limitations of these approaches and the potential for their development as effective anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne C Conibear
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alanca Schmid
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Meder Kamalov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian F W Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Bello
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological Chemistry, University of Vienna, Wahringer Straße 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.,Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biolology-PeptLab, Via della Lastruccia 13, 50019 Sesto, Fiorentino, Italy
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4
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Bazylevich A, Tuchinsky H, Zigman-Hoffman E, Weissman R, Shpilberg O, Hershkovitz-Rokah O, Patsenker L, Gellerman G. Synthesis and Biological Studies of New Multifunctional Curcumin Platforms for Anticancer Drug Delivery. Med Chem 2018; 15:537-549. [PMID: 30501600 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666181203112220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientists have extensively investigated curcumin, yielding many publications on treatments of cancer. Numerous derivatives of curcumin were synthesized, evaluated for their anti-oxidant and free-radical scavenging, SAR, ADME properties and tested in anticancer applications. OBJECTIVE We decided to exploit curcumin as a bioactive core platform for carrying anticancer drugs, which likely possesses a carboxyl moiety for potential linkage to the carrier for drug delivery. METHODS The goal of this work is to develop biolabile multifunctional curcumin platforms towards anticancer drug delivery, including determination of drug release profiling in hydrolytic media, in vitro cytotoxicity, antioxidant properties and blockage of relevant cell survival pathways. RESULTS We report on a facile synthesis of the bioactive multifunctional curcumin-based platforms linked to a variety of anticancer drugs like amonafide and chlorambucil, and release of the drugs in a hydrolytic environment. The leading curcumin-based platform has presented antioxidant activity similar to curcumin, but with much more potent cytotoxicity in vitro in agreement with the augmented blockage of the NF-kB cell survival pathway. CONCLUSION The approach presented here may prove beneficial for bioactive curcumin-based delivery applications where multiple drug delivery is required in a consecutive and controlled mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrii Bazylevich
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Helena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | | | - Ran Weissman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Translational Research Lab, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofer Shpilberg
- Institute of Hematology, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Translational Research Lab, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Pre-Medicine Department, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Oshrat Hershkovitz-Rokah
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Institute of Hematology, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Translational Research Lab, Assuta Medical Centers, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Leonid Patsenker
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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5
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Gold Nanoparticles in Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071979. [PMID: 29986450 PMCID: PMC6073740 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 551] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of nanotechnology for the treatment of cancer is mostly based on early tumor detection and diagnosis by nanodevices capable of selective targeting and delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the specific tumor site. Due to the remarkable properties of gold nanoparticles, they have long been considered as a potential tool for diagnosis of various cancers and for drug delivery applications. These properties include high surface area to volume ratio, surface plasmon resonance, surface chemistry and multi-functionalization, facile synthesis, and stable nature. Moreover, the non-toxic and non-immunogenic nature of gold nanoparticles and the high permeability and retention effect provide additional benefits by enabling easy penetration and accumulation of drugs at the tumor sites. Various innovative approaches with gold nanoparticles are under development. In this review, we provide an overview of recent progress made in the application of gold nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer by tumor detection, drug delivery, imaging, photothermal and photodynamic therapy and their current limitations in terms of bioavailability and the fate of the nanoparticles.
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6
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Therapeutic journery of nitrogen mustard as alkylating anticancer agents: Historic to future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:401-433. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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7
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Kalimuthu K, Lubin BC, Bazylevich A, Gellerman G, Shpilberg O, Luboshits G, Firer MA. Gold nanoparticles stabilize peptide-drug-conjugates for sustained targeted drug delivery to cancer cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:34. [PMID: 29602308 PMCID: PMC5877385 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peptide-drug-conjugates (PDCs) are being developed as an effective strategy to specifically deliver cytotoxic drugs to cancer cells. However one of the challenges to their successful application is the relatively low stability of peptides in the blood, liver and kidneys. Since AuNPs seem to have a longer plasma half-life than PDCs, one approach to overcoming this problem would be to conjugate the PDCs to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), as these have demonstrated favorable physico-chemical and safety properties for drug delivery systems. We set out to test whether PEG coated-AuNPs could provide a suitable platform for the non-covalent loading of pre-formed PDCs and whether this modification would affect the bioavailability of the PDCs and their cytotoxicity toward target cancer cells. Methods Peptides specifically internalized by A20 murine lymphoma cells were isolated from a phage library displaying 7mer linear peptides. Peptide specificity was validated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. PDCs were synthesized containing a selected peptide (P4) and either chlorambucil (Chlor), melphalan (Melph) or bendamustine (Bend). Gold nanoparticles were sequentially coated with citrate, PEG-6000 and then PDC (PDC-PEG-AuNP). The physico-chemical properties of the coated particles were analyzed by electrophoresis, TEM, UV–VIS and FTIR. Stability of free and PDC-coated AuNP was determined. Results Biopanning of the phage library resulted in discovery of several novel peptides that internalized into A20 cells. One of these (P4) was used to synthesize PDCs containing either Chlor, Melph or Bend. All three PDCs specifically killed A20 target cells, however they had short half-lives ranging from 10.6 to 15.4 min. When coated to PEG-AuNPs, the half-lives were extended to 21.0–22.3 h. The PDC-PEG-AuNPs retained cytotoxicity towards the target cells. Moreover, whereas pre-incubation for 24 h of free PDCs almost completely abolished their cytotoxic activity, the PDC-PEG-AuNPs were still active even after 72 h pre-incubation. Conclusions Peptide-drug-conjugates hold potential for improving the target efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs, however their short half-lives may limit their application. This hurdle can be overcome by easily conjugating them to gold nanoparticles. This conjugation also opens up the possibility of developing slow release formulations of targeted drug delivery systems containing PDCs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12951-018-0362-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bat-Chen Lubin
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.,Eastern R&D Center, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | | | - Gary Gellerman
- Dept. Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel
| | - Ofer Shpilberg
- Tel Aviv & Pre-Med Faculty, Assuta Medical Center, Institute of Hematology, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel
| | - Galia Luboshits
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michael A Firer
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel. .,Ariel Center for Applied Cancer Research, Ariel University, 40700, Ariel, Israel.
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8
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Yacobovich S, Tuchinsky L, Kirby M, Kardash T, Agranyoni O, Nesher E, Redko B, Gellerman G, Tobi D, Gurova K, Koman I, Ashur Fabian O, Pinhasov A. Novel synthetic cyclic integrin αvβ3 binding peptide ALOS4: Antitumor activity in mouse melanoma models. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63549-63560. [PMID: 27556860 PMCID: PMC5325384 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
ALOS4, a unique synthetic cyclic peptide without resemblance to known integrin ligand sequences, was discovered through repeated biopanning with pIII phage expressing a disulfide-constrained nonapeptide library. Binding assays using a FITC-labeled analogue demonstrated selective binding to immobilized αvβ3 and a lack of significant binding to other common proteins, such as bovine serum albumin and collagen. In B16F10 cell cultures, ALOS4 treatment at 72 h inhibited cell migration (30%) and adhesion (up to 67%). Immunofluorescent imaging an ALOS4-FITC analogue with B16F10 cells demonstrated rapid cell surface binding, and uptake and localization in the cytoplasm. Daily injections of ALOS4 (0.1, 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg i.p.) to mice inoculated with B16F10 mouse melanoma cells in two different cancer models, metastatic and subcutaneous tumor, resulted in reduction of lung tumor count (metastatic) and tumor mass (subcutaneous) and increased survival of animals monitored to 45 and 60 days, respectively. Examination of cellular activity indicated that ALOS4 produces inhibition of cell migration and adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner. Collectively, these results suggest that ALOS4 is a structurally-unique selective αvβ3 integrin ligand with potential anti-metastatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Yacobovich
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Lena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michael Kirby
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Tetiana Kardash
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Oryan Agranyoni
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Elimelech Nesher
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Boris Redko
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Dror Tobi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Katerina Gurova
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Igor Koman
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Osnat Ashur Fabian
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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9
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Redko B, Tuchinsky H, Segal T, Tobi D, Luboshits G, Ashur-Fabian O, Pinhasov A, Gerlitz G, Gellerman G. Toward the development of a novel non-RGD cyclic peptide drug conjugate for treatment of human metastatic melanoma. Oncotarget 2018; 8:757-768. [PMID: 27768593 PMCID: PMC5352194 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly discovered short (9 amino acid) non-RGD S-S bridged cyclic peptide ALOS-4 (H-cycl(Cys-Ser-Ser-Ala-Gly-Ser-Leu-Phe-Cys)-OH), which binds to integrin αvβ3 is investigated as peptide carrier for targeted drug delivery against human metastatic melanoma. ALOS4 binds specifically the αvβ3 overexpressing human metastatic melanoma WM-266-4 cell line both in vitro and in ex vivo assays. Coupling ALOS4 to the topoisomerase I inhibitor Camptothecin (ALOS4-CPT) increases the cytotoxicity of CPT against human metastatic melanoma cells while reduces dramatically the cytotoxicity against non-cancerous cells as measured by the levels of γH2A.X, active caspase 3 and cell viability. Moreover, conjugating ALOS4 to CPT even increases the chemo-stability of CPT under physiological pH. Bioinformatic analysis using Rosetta platform revealed potential docking sites of ALOS4 on the αvβ3 integrin which are distinct from the RGD binding sites. We propose to use this specific non-RGD cyclic peptide as the therapeutic carrier for conjugation of drugs in order to improve efficacy and reduce toxicity of currently available treatments of human malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Redko
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Helena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Dror Tobi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel.,Department of Computer Science, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Galia Luboshits
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Osnat Ashur-Fabian
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Albert Pinhasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gabi Gerlitz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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10
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Bashari O, Redko B, Cohen A, Luboshits G, Gellerman G, Firer MA. Discovery of peptide drug carrier candidates for targeted multi-drug delivery into prostate cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2017; 408:164-173. [PMID: 28888997 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains essentially incurable. Targeted Drug Delivery (TDD) systems may overcome the limitations of current mCRPC therapies. We describe the use of strict criteria to isolate novel prostate cancer cell targeting peptides that specifically deliver drugs into target cells. Phage from a libraries displaying 7mer peptides were exposed to PC-3 cells and only internalized phage were recovered. The ability of these phage to internalize into other prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, DU-145) was validated. The displayed peptides of selected phage clones were synthesized and their specificity for target cells was validated in vitro and in vivo. One peptide (P12) which specifically targeted PC-3 tumors in vivo was incorporated into mono-drug (Chlorambucil, Combretastatin or Camptothecin) and dual-drug (Chlorambucil/Combretastatin or Chlorambucil/Camptothecin) PDCs and the cytotoxic efficacy of these conjugates for target cells was tested. Conjugation of P12 into dual-drug PDCs allowed discovery of new drug combinations with synergistic effects. The use of strict selection criteria can lead to discovery of novel peptides for use as drug carriers for TDD. PDCs represent an effective alternative to current modes of free drug chemotherapy for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Bashari
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
| | - B Redko
- Dept. Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
| | - A Cohen
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
| | - G Luboshits
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
| | - G Gellerman
- Dept. Chemical Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
| | - M A Firer
- Dept. Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.
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11
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Gilad Y, Noy E, Senderowitz H, Albeck A, Firer MA, Gellerman G. Dual-drug RGD conjugates provide enhanced cytotoxicity to melanoma and non-small lung cancer cells. Biopolymers 2016; 106:160-171. [PMID: 26715008 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the efficacy of targeted drug delivery, four new peptide-ligand conjugates were synthesized, each consisting of a cyclic RGDfK penta-peptide loaded with two anticancer drugs. The drug release profiles in different media of these new compounds and their cytotoxic activity against melanoma and non-small lung cancer cell lines were evaluated and compared with those of their singly loaded analogs. The cyclic RGDfK penta-peptide was selected as a targeting moiety because of its high affinity and selectivity to the αv β3 integrin receptor, which is frequently over-expressed in various types of cancer cells. The peptide's core was modified at the side chain of its Lys residue by coupling it with a sixth amino acid (AA) - either Lys (5a) or Ser (5b) (Lys/Ser splitter), resulting in two functional sites which enabled the loading of two therapeutic equivalents onto a single targeting carrier. Using Lys as a splitter resulted in two primary amines. Consequently, conjugates 1a and 1b were synthesized by coupling of 2 Chlorambucils (CLBs) or 2 Camptothecins (CPTs), respectively, to the primary amines of 5a. Conjugate 1c was synthesized from 5b by loading two equivalents of CLB on the amine and the hydroxyl of the Ser splitter, resulting in a homodimeric system with two distinct conjugation sites - amide and ester. The heterodimeric conjugate 1d of CLB and CPT was synthesized by loading each one of the primary amines of 5a with two different drugs - CLB and CPT. The doubling of drug equivalents loaded onto the targeting peptide correlated with enhanced cytotoxic efficacy of the conjugates towards cancer cells. The versatility of chemical linkages of the drugs to the peptides resulted in conjugates with different drug release profiles. Molecular dynamics simulations performed on conjugate 1d demonstrated that this compound occupies a conformational space similar to the bio-active conformation of an integrin-bound cyclic RGD peptide reference peptide (c(RGDf(NMe)V). The modified position in 1d (relative to the reference peptide) points away from the integrin, leading us to hypothesize that this peptide binds the integrin in a manner similar to that of the reference peptide thereby fulfilling a crucial requirement for targeted delivery. The strategy of dual drug loading on a single peptide carrier, gives rise to drugs with different mechanisms of action and release profiles, thus substantially increasing the efficacy of selective killing of tumor cells and while reducing the risk of the development of drug resistance. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 160-171, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gilad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel.,The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - E Noy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - H Senderowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - A Albeck
- The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, 52900, Israel
| | - M A Firer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
| | - G Gellerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700, Israel
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12
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Ragozin E, Redko B, Tuchinsky E, Rozovsky A, Albeck A, Grynszpan F, Gellerman G. Biolabile peptidyl delivery systems toward sequential drug release. Biopolymers 2016; 106:119-32. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Revised: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Ragozin
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Boris Redko
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Elena Tuchinsky
- Department of Molecular Biology; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Alex Rozovsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Amnon Albeck
- Department of Chemistry; Bar-Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Flavio Grynszpan
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Gary Gellerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
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Synthesis of Novel Protected Nα(ω-Drug) Amino Acid Building Units for Facile Preparation of Anticancer Drug-Conjugates. Int J Pept Res Ther 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10989-015-9509-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gilad Y, Noy E, Senderowitz H, Albeck A, Firer MA, Gellerman G. Synthesis, biological studies and molecular dynamics of new anticancer RGD-based peptide conjugates for targeted drug delivery. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 24:294-303. [PMID: 26719208 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
New cyclic RGD peptide-anticancer agent conjugates, with different chemical functionalities attached to the parent peptide were synthesized in order to evaluate their biological activities and to provide a comparative study of their drug release profiles. The Integrin binding c(RGDfK) penta-peptide was used for the synthesis of Camptothecin (CPT) carbamate and Chlorambucil (CLB) amide conjugates. Substitution of the amino acid Lys with Ser resulted in a modified c(RGDfS) with a new attachment site, which enabled the synthesis of an ester CLB conjugate. Functional versatility of the conjugates was reflected in the variability of their drug release profiles, while the conserved RGD sequence of a selective binding to the αv integrin family, likely preserved their recognition by the Integrin and consequently their favorable toxicity towards targeted cancer cells. This hypothesis was supported by a computational analysis suggesting that all conjugates occupy conformational spaces similar to that of the Integrin bound bio-active parent peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gilad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - E Noy
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - H Senderowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - A Albeck
- The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 52900, Israel
| | - M A Firer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel
| | - G Gellerman
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
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Redko B, Ragozin E, Andreii B, Helena T, Amnon A, Talia SZ, Mor OH, Genady K, Gary G. Synthesis, drug release, and biological evaluation of new anticancer drug-bioconjugates containing somatostatin backbone cyclic analog as a targeting moiety. Biopolymers 2015; 104:743-52. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Boris Redko
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
- Department of Chemistry; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Bar Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Elena Ragozin
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Bazylevich Andreii
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Tuchinsky Helena
- Department of Molecular Biology; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
| | - Albeck Amnon
- Department of Chemistry; The Julius Spokojny Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory; Bar Ilan University; Ramat Gan 52900 Israel
| | - Shekhter Zahavi Talia
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology; George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences; Tel-Aviv University; Tel-Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Oron-Herman Mor
- The Advanced Technologies Center; Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer 52621 Israel
| | - Kostenich Genady
- The Advanced Technologies Center; Sheba Medical Center; Tel Hashomer 52621 Israel
| | - Gellerman Gary
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Ariel University; Ariel 40700 Israel
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Synthesis and in vitro anticancer evaluation of 1,8-naphthalimide N(4) and S(4)-derivatives combining DNA intercalation and alkylation capabilities. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-015-2115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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