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Liashuk OS, Andriashvili VA, Tolmachev AO, Grygorenko OO. Chemoselective Reactions of Functionalized Sulfonyl Halides. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300256. [PMID: 37823680 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Chemoselective transformations of functionalized sulfonyl fluorides and chlorides are surveyed comprehensively. It is shown that sulfonyl fluorides provide an excellent selectivity control in their reactions. Thus, numerous conditions are tolerated by the SO2 F group - from amide and ester formation to directed ortho-lithiation and transition-metal-catalyzed cross-couplings. Meanwhile, sulfur (VI) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) is also compatible with numerous functional groups, thus confirming its title of "another click reaction". On the contrary, with a few exceptions, most transformations of functionalized sulfonyl chlorides typically occur at the SO2 Cl moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr S Liashuk
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Vladyslav A Andriashvili
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Andriy O Tolmachev
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
| | - Oleksandr O Grygorenko
- Enamine Ltd. (www.enamine.net), Winston Churchill Street 78, Kyїv, 02094, Ukraine
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Street 60, Kyїv, 01601, Ukraine
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2
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Yang J, Banas VS, Patel KD, Rivera GSM, Mydy LS, Gulick AM, Wencewicz TA. An acyl-adenylate mimic reveals the structural basis for substrate recognition by the iterative siderophore synthetase DesD. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102166. [PMID: 35750210 PMCID: PMC9356276 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are conditionally essential metabolites used by microbes for environmental iron sequestration. Most Streptomyces strains produce hydroxamate-based desferrioxamine (DFO) siderophores composed of repeating units of N1-hydroxy-cadaverine (or N1-hydroxy-putrescine) and succinate. The DFO biosynthetic operon, desABCD, is highly conserved in Streptomyces; however, expression of desABCD alone does not account for the vast structural diversity within this natural product class. Here, we report the in vitro reconstitution and biochemical characterization of four DesD orthologs from Streptomyces strains that produce unique DFO siderophores. Under in vitro conditions, all four DesD orthologs displayed similar saturation steady-state kinetics (Vmax = 0.9–2.5 μM⋅min−1) and produced the macrocyclic trimer DFOE as the favored product, suggesting a conserved role for DesD in the biosynthesis of DFO siderophores. We further synthesized a structural mimic of N1-hydroxy-N1-succinyl-cadaverine (HSC)-acyl-adenylate, the HSC-acyl sulfamoyl adenosine analog (HSC-AMS), and obtained crystal structures of DesD in the ATP-bound, AMP/PPi-bound, and HSC-AMS/Pi-bound forms. We found HSC-AMS inhibited DesD orthologs (IC50 values = 48–53 μM) leading to accumulation of linear trimeric DFOG and di-HSC at the expense of macrocyclic DFOE. Addition of exogenous PPi enhanced DesD inhibition by HSC-AMS, presumably via stabilization of the DesD–HSC-AMS complex, similar to the proposed mode of adenylate stabilization where PPi remains buried in the active site. In conclusion, our data suggest that acyl-AMS derivatives may have utility as chemical probes and bisubstrate inhibitors to reveal valuable mechanistic and structural insight for this unique family of adenylating enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Victoria S Banas
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ketan D Patel
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Gerry S M Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lisa S Mydy
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Andrew M Gulick
- Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
| | - Timothy A Wencewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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3
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Pang L, Weeks SD, Van Aerschot A. Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases as Valuable Targets for Antimicrobial Drug Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1750. [PMID: 33578647 PMCID: PMC7916415 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) catalyze the esterification of tRNA with a cognate amino acid and are essential enzymes in all three kingdoms of life. Due to their important role in the translation of the genetic code, aaRSs have been recognized as suitable targets for the development of small molecule anti-infectives. In this review, following a concise discussion of aaRS catalytic and proof-reading activities, the various inhibitory mechanisms of reported natural and synthetic aaRS inhibitors are discussed. Using the expanding repository of ligand-bound X-ray crystal structures, we classified these compounds based on their binding sites, focusing on their ability to compete with the association of one, or more of the canonical aaRS substrates. In parallel, we examined the determinants of species-selectivity and discuss potential resistance mechanisms of some of the inhibitor classes. Combined, this structural perspective highlights the opportunities for further exploration of the aaRS enzyme family as antimicrobial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luping Pang
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Herestraat 49–box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
- KU Leuven, Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Herestraat 49–box 822, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- KU Leuven, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Medicinal Chemistry, Herestraat 49–box 1041, 3000 Leuven, Belgium;
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Discovery of indolyl-containing peptides as novel antibacterial agents targeting tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase. Future Med Chem 2020; 12:877-896. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is an urgent need for antibiotics with novel structures and unexploited targets to counteract bacterial resistance. Methodology & results: Novel tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors were discovered based on virtual screening, surface plasmon resonance binding, enzymatic activity assay and antibacterial activity evaluation. Of the 29 peptide derivatives tested for antibacterial activity, some inhibited the growth of both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. A13 and A15 exhibited antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant S. aureus NRS384 at an 8 μg/ml minimum inhibitory concentration. A13 snugly docked into the active site, explaining its improved inhibitory activity. Conclusion: Our results provide us with new structural clues to develop more potent tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors and lay a solid foundation for future drug design efforts.
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Zhang P, Ma S. Recent development of leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors as antimicrobial agents. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1329-1341. [PMID: 31534653 PMCID: PMC6727470 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00139e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) widely exist in organisms and mediate protein synthesis. Inhibiting these synthetases can lead to the termination of protein synthesis and subsequently achieve antibacterial and antiparasitic purposes. Moreover, the structures of aaRSs found in eukaryotes have considerable structural differences compared to those in prokaryotes, based on which it is possible to develop highly selective inhibitors. Leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LeuRS) with unique synthesis and editing sites is one of 20 kinds of aaRSs. Many inhibitors targeting LeuRS have been designed and synthesized, some of which have entered clinical use. For example, the benzoxaborole compound AN2690 has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of onychomycosis. AN3365 is suspended in the phase II clinical trial due to the rapid development of AN3365 resistance, but it may be used in combination with other antibiotics. The aaRSs, especially LeuRS, are being considered as targets of new potential anti-infective drugs for the treatment of not only bacterial or fungal infections but also infections by trypanosomes and malaria parasites. This review mainly describes the development of LeuRS inhibitors, focusing on their mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships (SARs), and in vitro and in vivo activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44, West Culture Road , Jinan 250012 , P. R. China . E mail:
| | - Shutao Ma
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology , Ministry of Education , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Shandong University , 44, West Culture Road , Jinan 250012 , P. R. China . E mail:
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Acylated sulfonamide adenosines as potent inhibitors of the adenylate-forming enzyme superfamily. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 174:252-264. [PMID: 31048140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The superfamily of adenylate-forming enzymes all share a common chemistry. They activate a carboxylate group, on a specific substrate, by catalyzing the formation of a high energy mixed phosphoanhydride-linked nucleoside intermediate. Members of this diverse enzymatic family play key roles in a variety of metabolic pathways and therefore many have been regarded as drug targets. A generic approach to inhibit such enzymes is the use of non-hydrolysable sulfur-based bioisosteres of the adenylate intermediate. Here we compare the activity of compounds containing a sulfamoyl and sulfonamide linker respectively. An improved synthetic strategy was developed to generate inhibitors containing the latter that target isoleucyl- (IleRS) and seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS), two structurally distinct representatives of Class I and II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). These enzymes attach their respective amino acid to its cognate tRNA and are indispensable for protein translation. Evaluation of the ability of the two similar isosteres to inhibit serRS revealed a remarkable difference, with an almost complete loss of activity for seryl-sulfonamide 15 (SerSoHA) compared to its sulfamoyl analogue (SerSA), while inhibition of IleRS was unaffected. To explain these observations, we have determined a 2.1 Å crystal structure of Klebsiella pneumoniae SerRS in complex with SerSA. Using this structure as a template, modelling of 15 in the active site predicts an unfavourable eclipsed conformation. We extended the same modelling strategy to representative members of the whole adenylate-forming enzyme superfamily, and were able to disclose a new classification system for adenylating enzymes, based on their protein fold. The results suggest that, other than for the structural and functional orthologues of the Class II aaRSs, the O to C substitution within the sulfur-sugar link should generally preserve the inhibitory potency.
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Nautiyal M, De Graef S, Pang L, Gadakh B, Strelkov SV, Weeks SD, Van Aerschot A. Comparative analysis of pyrimidine substituted aminoacyl-sulfamoyl nucleosides as potential inhibitors targeting class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 173:154-166. [PMID: 30995568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) catalyse the ATP-dependent coupling of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA. Being vital for protein translation aaRSs are considered a promising target for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. 5'-O-(N-aminoacyl)-sulfamoyl adenosine (aaSA) is a non-hydrolysable analogue of the aaRS reaction intermediate that has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of this enzyme family but is prone to chemical instability and enzymatic modification. In an attempt to improve the molecular properties of this scaffold we synthesized a series of base substituted aaSA analogues comprising cytosine, uracil and N3-methyluracil targeting leucyl-, tyrosyl- and isoleucyl-tRNA synthetases. In in vitro assays seven out of the nine inhibitors demonstrated Kiapp values in the low nanomolar range. To complement the biochemical studies, X-ray crystallographic structures of Neisseria gonorrhoeae leucyl-tRNA synthetase and Escherichia coli tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase in complex with the newly synthesized compounds were determined. These highlighted a subtle interplay between the base moiety and the target enzyme in defining relative inhibitory activity. Encouraged by this data we investigated if the pyrimidine congeners could escape a natural resistance mechanism, involving acetylation of the amine of the aminoacyl group by the bacterial N-acetyltransferases RimL and YhhY. With RimL the pyrimidine congeners were less susceptible to inactivation compared to the equivalent aaSA, whereas with YhhY the converse was true. Combined the various insights resulting from this study will pave the way for the further rational design of aaRS inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Nautiyal
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steff De Graef
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luping Pang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bharat Gadakh
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen D Weeks
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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8
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Francklyn CS, Mullen P. Progress and challenges in aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-based therapeutics. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5365-5385. [PMID: 30670594 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are universal enzymes that catalyze the attachment of amino acids to the 3' ends of their cognate tRNAs. The resulting aminoacylated tRNAs are escorted to the ribosome where they enter protein synthesis. By specifically matching amino acids to defined anticodon sequences in tRNAs, ARSs are essential to the physical interpretation of the genetic code. In addition to their canonical role in protein synthesis, ARSs are also involved in RNA splicing, transcriptional regulation, translation, and other aspects of cellular homeostasis. Likewise, aminoacylated tRNAs serve as amino acid donors for biosynthetic processes distinct from protein synthesis, including lipid modification and antibiotic biosynthesis. Thanks to the wealth of details on ARS structures and functions and the growing appreciation of their additional roles regulating cellular homeostasis, opportunities for the development of clinically useful ARS inhibitors are emerging to manage microbial and parasite infections. Exploitation of these opportunities has been stimulated by the discovery of new inhibitor frameworks, the use of semi-synthetic approaches combining chemistry and genome engineering, and more powerful techniques for identifying leads from the screening of large chemical libraries. Here, we review the inhibition of ARSs by small molecules, including the various families of natural products, as well as inhibitors developed by either rational design or high-throughput screening as antibiotics and anti-parasitic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Francklyn
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
| | - Patrick Mullen
- From the Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405
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9
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Zhang B, De Graef S, Nautiyal M, Pang L, Gadakh B, Froeyen M, Van Mellaert L, Strelkov SV, Weeks SD, Van Aerschot A. Family-wide analysis of aminoacyl-sulfamoyl-3-deazaadenosine analogues as inhibitors of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 148:384-396. [PMID: 29477072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are enzymes that precisely attach an amino acid to its cognate tRNA. This process, which is essential for protein translation, is considered a viable target for the development of novel antimicrobial agents, provided species selective inhibitors can be identified. Aminoacyl-sulfamoyl adenosines (aaSAs) are potent orthologue specific aaRS inhibitors that demonstrate nanomolar affinities in vitro but have limited uptake. Following up on our previous work on substitution of the base moiety, we evaluated the effect of the N3-position of the adenine by synthesizing the corresponding 3-deazaadenosine analogues (aaS3DAs). A typical organism has 20 different aaRS, which can be split into two distinct structural classes. We therefore coupled six different amino acids, equally targeting the two enzyme classes, via the sulfamate bridge to 3-deazaadenosine. Upon evaluation of the inhibitory potency of the obtained analogues, a clear class bias was noticed, with loss of activity for the aaS3DA analogues targeting class II enzymes when compared to the equivalent aaSA. Evaluation of the available crystallographic structures point to the presence of a conserved water molecule which could have importance for base recognition within class II enzymes, a property that can be explored in future drug design efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baole Zhang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steff De Graef
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manesh Nautiyal
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Luping Pang
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bharat Gadakh
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matheus Froeyen
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Van Mellaert
- Laboratory Molecular Bacteriology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1037, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sergei V Strelkov
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stephen D Weeks
- Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arthur Van Aerschot
- Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Charlton MH, Aleksis R, Saint-Leger A, Gupta A, Loza E, Ribas de Pouplana L, Kaula I, Gustina D, Madre M, Lola D, Jaudzems K, Edmund G, Randall CP, Kime L, O’Neill AJ, Goessens W, Jirgensons A, Finn PW. N-Leucinyl Benzenesulfonamides as Structurally Simplified Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2018; 9:84-88. [PMID: 29456792 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Leucinyl benzenesulfonamides have been discovered as a novel class of potent inhibitors of E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase. The binding of inhibitors to the enzyme was measured by using isothermal titration calorimetry. This provided information on enthalpy and entropy contributions to binding, which, together with docking studies, were used for structure-activity relationship analysis. Enzymatic assays revealed that N-leucinyl benzenesulfonamides display remarkable selectivity for E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase compared to S. aureus and human orthologues. The simplest analogue of the series, N-leucinyl benzenesulfonamide (R = H), showed the highest affinity against E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase and also exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-negative pathogens (the best MIC = 8 μg/mL, E. coli ATCC 25922), which renders it as a promising template for antibacterial drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Charlton
- Oxford Drug Design Ltd., Oxford Centre for Innovation, New Road, Oxford, OX1 1BY. U.K
| | - Rihards Aleksis
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Adélaïde Saint-Leger
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Company 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arya Gupta
- Antimicrobial
Research Centre and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty
of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Einars Loza
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Company 23, 08010 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ilze Kaula
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Daina Gustina
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Marina Madre
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Daina Lola
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Kristaps Jaudzems
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Grace Edmund
- Oxford Drug Design Ltd., Oxford Centre for Innovation, New Road, Oxford, OX1 1BY. U.K
| | - Christopher P. Randall
- Antimicrobial
Research Centre and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty
of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Louise Kime
- Antimicrobial
Research Centre and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty
of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Alex J. O’Neill
- Antimicrobial
Research Centre and School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty
of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, U.K
| | - Wil Goessens
- Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Department
of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Wytemaweg 80, 3015 CN, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aigars Jirgensons
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, Aizkraukles 21, Riga LV-1006, Latvia
| | - Paul W. Finn
- Oxford Drug Design Ltd., Oxford Centre for Innovation, New Road, Oxford, OX1 1BY. U.K
- Department
of Applied Computing, University of Buckingham, Hunter Street, Buckingham, MK18 1EG, U.K
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11
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Valdés FZ, Luna VZ, Arévalo BR, Brown NV, Gutiérrez MC. Adenosine: Synthetic Methods of Its Derivatives and Antitumor Activity. Mini Rev Med Chem 2018; 18:1684-1701. [PMID: 29769005 PMCID: PMC6327119 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180516163539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Since 1929, several researchers have conducted studies in relation to the nucleoside of adenosine (1) mainly distribution identifying, characterizing their biological importance and synthetic chemistry to which this type of molecule has been subjected to obtain multiple of its derivatives. The receptors that interact with adenosine and its derivatives, called purinergic receptors, are classified as A1, A2A, A2B and A3. In the presence of agonists and antagonists, these receptors are involved in various physiological processes and diseases. This review describes and compares some of the synthetic methods that have been developed over the last 30 years for obtaining some adenosine derivatives, classified according to substitution processes, complexation, mating and conjugation. Finally, we mention that although the concentrations of these nucleosides are low in normal tissues, they can increase rapidly in pathophysiological conditions such as hypoxia, ischemia, inflammation, trauma and cancer. In particular, the evaluation of adenosine derivatives as adjunctive therapy promises to have a significant impact on the treatment of certain cancers, although the transfer of these results to clinical practice requires a deeper understanding of how adenosine regulates the process of tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Z. Valdés
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Biological Activity, Institute of Chemistry of Naturals Resources, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Víctor Z. Luna
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulation, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Bárbara R. Arévalo
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Biological Activity, Institute of Chemistry of Naturals Resources, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Nelson V. Brown
- Center for Medical Research, University of Talca School of Medicine, Talca, Chile
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en cáncer gástrico (PIA-CG)
| | - Margarita C. Gutiérrez
- Laboratory of Synthesis and Biological Activity, Institute of Chemistry of Naturals Resources, University of Talca, Talca, Chile
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Yoon S, Kim JH, Kim SE, Kim C, Tran PT, Ann J, Koh Y, Jang J, Kim S, Moon HS, Kim WK, Lee S, Lee J, Kim S, Lee J. Discovery of Leucyladenylate Sulfamates as Novel Leucyl-tRNA Synthetase (LRS)-Targeted Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2016; 59:10322-10328. [PMID: 27933890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b01190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that LRS may act as a leucine sensor for the mTORC1 pathway, potentially providing an alternative strategy to overcome rapamycin resistance in cancer treatments. In this study, we developed leucyladenylate sulfamate derivatives as LRS-targeted mTORC1 inhibitors. Compound 18 selectively inhibited LRS-mediated mTORC1 activation and exerted specific cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells with a hyperactive mTORC1, suggesting that 18 may offer a novel treatment option for human colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyoung Yoon
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sung-Eun Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Changhoon Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Phuong-Thao Tran
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jihyae Ann
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Yura Koh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jayun Jang
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sungmin Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Hee-Sun Moon
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Won Kyung Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Sangkook Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jiyoun Lee
- Department of Global Medical Science, Sungshin University , Seoul 142-732, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Medicinal Bioconvergence Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Jeewoo Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University , Seoul 151-742, Korea
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13
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Serpi M, Ferrari V, Pertusati F. Nucleoside Derived Antibiotics to Fight Microbial Drug Resistance: New Utilities for an Established Class of Drugs? J Med Chem 2016; 59:10343-10382. [PMID: 27607900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.6b00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel antibiotics are urgently needed to combat the rise of infections due to drug-resistant microorganisms. Numerous natural nucleosides and their synthetically modified analogues have been reported to have moderate to good antibiotic activity against different bacterial and fungal strains. Nucleoside-based compounds target several crucial processes of bacterial and fungal cells such as nucleoside metabolism and cell wall, nucleic acid, and protein biosynthesis. Nucleoside analogues have also been shown to target many other bacterial and fungal cellular processes although these are not well characterized and may therefore represent opportunities to discover new drugs with unique mechanisms of action. In this Perspective, we demonstrate that nucleoside analogues, cornerstones of anticancer and antiviral treatments, also have great potential to be repurposed as antibiotics so that an old drug can learn new tricks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Serpi
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Ferrari
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Fabrizio Pertusati
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University , Redwood Building, King Edward VII Avenue, CF10 3NB Cardiff, United Kingdom
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14
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(S)-N-(N-(((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methyl)sulfamoyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxamide. MOLBANK 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/m864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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