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Pereira G, Mittersteiner M, Bonacorso HG, Martins MAP, Zanatta N. Regiocontrolled Synthesis of 1-Substituted-3(5)-carboxyalkyl-1 H-pyrazoles Using Trichloromethyl Enones. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:17274-17287. [PMID: 37214703 PMCID: PMC10193424 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we present a regiocontrolled methodology to prepare 1-substituted-3(5)-carboxyalkyl-1H-pyrazoles using trichloromethyl enones as starting materials. It was found that the selectivity of the reaction depends on the nature of the hydrazine: when using arylhydrazine hydrochlorides, synthesis of the 1,3-regioisomer was achieved (22 examples, 37-97% yields), while the corresponding free hydrazine led exclusively to the 1,5-regioisomer (12 examples, 52-83% yields). The trichloromethyl group was used as a precursor for the carboxyalkyl moiety, furnishing a one-pot three-component regioselective protocol suitable for preparing both isomers at moderate to excellent yields. The selectivity of the reaction was investigated through NMR analyses and the structures of the products were unambiguously determined by SCXR analyses.
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Sun HH, Wang ZZ, Gao YY, Hao GF, Yang GF. Protein Kinases as Potential Targets Contribute to the Development of Agrochemicals. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:52-64. [PMID: 36592042 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using agrochemicals against pest insects, fungi, and weeds plays a major part in maintaining and improving crop yields, which helps to solve the issue of food security. Due to the limited targets and resistance of agrochemicals, protein kinases are regarded as attractive potential targets to develop new agrochemicals. Recently, a lot of investigations have shown the extension of agrochemicals by targeting protein kinases, implying an increasing concern for this kind of method. However, few people have summarized and discussed the targetability of protein kinases contributing to the development of agrochemicals. In this work, we introduce the research on protein kinases as potential targets used in crop protection and discuss the prospects of protein kinases in the field of agrochemical development. This study may not only provide guidance for the contribution of protein kinases to the development of agrochemicals but also help nonprofessionals such as students learn and understand the role of protein kinases quickly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Han Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Yang Gao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge-Fei Hao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Research and Development Center for Fine Chemicals, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, People's Republic of China
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Ma Y, Yang J, Yang D, Qin G, Zu J. Development of 1,5-Diaryl-Pyrazole-3-Formate Analogs as Antifungal Pesticides and Their Application in Controlling Peanut Stem Rot Disease. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:728173. [PMID: 35058889 PMCID: PMC8763808 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.728173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii is one of the destructive diseases in peanut and poses a big risk to peanut production. Current fungicides in the market have not provided satisfactory control efficacy and thus called for novel fungicides with different structures as an alternative treatment strategy. Our previously developed phenylpyrazole compound 3c demonstrated modest inhibitory effect against S. rolfsii. The following structure modification identified an unreported compound 6, which bears a 3-chloropyridinyl moiety as the most prominent derivative with an IC50 of 12 μg/ml in potato dextrose agar (PDA) assay, higher than those of 0.8 and 1.8 μg/ml associated with thifluzamide and tebuconazole, respectively. However, compound 6 showed similar controlling effects to those of thifluzamide and tebuconazole in field study. This study underscores the potential of 1,5-diaryl-pyrazole-3-formate as an antifungal candidate for stem rot disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Ma
- Plant Protection Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Plant Protection Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dangwei Yang
- Plant Protection Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Qin
- Plant Protection Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junhuai Zu
- Plant Protection Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
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Huang F, Jiao W, Wan Y. Synthesis and Anti-Fungal Activity of New 3-Aryl-1,3-benzoxazine-2-ketone Derivatives. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221060190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Yu B, Zhao B, Hao Z, Chen L, Cao L, Guo X, Zhang N, Yang D, Tang L, Fan Z. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrazole-aromatic containing carboxamides as potent SDH inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 214:113230. [PMID: 33581553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To continue our ongoing studies on discovery of new potent antifungal leads, 43 novel pyrazole-aromatic containing carboxamides were rationally designed and synthesized. Bioassays indicated that most target compounds displayed good in vitro antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia cerealis and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and in vivo antifungal activity against R. solani. Compound 11ea exhibited the most significant in vitro activity against R. cerealis (EC50 = 0.93 μg/mL) with about 2-fold more potent than a previously reported lead compound A1 (EC50 = 2.01 μg/mL), and about 11-fold more potent than the positive control/commercial succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor thifluzamide (EC50 = 23.09 μg/mL). Structure-activity relationship analysis and molecular docking simulations indicated that the presence of difluoromethyl pyrazole-(m-benzene) carboxamide scaffold obviously increased the antifungal activity. The further enzymatic bioassay showed that both thifluzamide and compound 11ea displayed excellent SDH inhibitory effects, and fluorescence quenching analysis suggested that they may share the same target SDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Bin Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, PR China
| | - Zesheng Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lixin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Nailou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Dongyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Liangfu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Zhijin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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Kim JH, Cheng LW, Chan KL, Tam CC, Mahoney N, Friedman M, Shilman MM, Land KM. Antifungal Drug Repurposing. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9110812. [PMID: 33203147 PMCID: PMC7697925 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9110812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Control of fungal pathogens is increasingly problematic due to the limited number of effective drugs available for antifungal therapy. Conventional antifungal drugs could also trigger human cytotoxicity associated with the kidneys and liver, including the generation of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, increased incidences of fungal resistance to the classes of azoles, such as fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, or posaconazole, or echinocandins, including caspofungin, anidulafungin, or micafungin, have been documented. Of note, certain azole fungicides such as propiconazole or tebuconazole that are applied to agricultural fields have the same mechanism of antifungal action as clinical azole drugs. Such long-term application of azole fungicides to crop fields provides environmental selection pressure for the emergence of pan-azole-resistant fungal strains such as Aspergillus fumigatus having TR34/L98H mutations, specifically, a 34 bp insertion into the cytochrome P450 51A (CYP51A) gene promoter region and a leucine-to-histidine substitution at codon 98 of CYP51A. Altogether, the emerging resistance of pathogens to currently available antifungal drugs and insufficiency in the discovery of new therapeutics engender the urgent need for the development of new antifungals and/or alternative therapies for effective control of fungal pathogens. We discuss the current needs for the discovery of new clinical antifungal drugs and the recent drug repurposing endeavors as alternative methods for fungal pathogen control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong H. Kim
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-510-559-5841
| | - Luisa W. Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Kathleen L. Chan
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Christina C. Tam
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Noreen Mahoney
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA; (L.W.C.); (K.L.C.); (C.C.T.); (N.M.)
| | - Mendel Friedman
- Healthy Processed Foods Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA;
| | | | - Kirkwood M. Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA 95211, USA;
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Joksimović N, Janković N, Davidović G, Bugarčić Z. 2,4-Diketo esters: Crucial intermediates for drug discovery. Bioorg Chem 2020; 105:104343. [PMID: 33086180 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Convenient structures such as 2,4-diketo esters have been widely used as an effective pattern in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology for drug discovery. 2,4-Diketonate is a common scaffold that can be found in many biologically active and naturally occurring compounds. Also, many 2,4-diketo ester derivatives have been prepared due to their suitable synthesis. These synthetic drugs and natural products have shown numerous interesting biological properties with clinical potential as a cure for the broad specter of diseases. This review aims to highlight the important evidence of 2,4-diketo esters as a privileged scaffold in medicinal chemistry and pharmacology. Herein, numerous aspects of 2,4-diketo esters will be summarized, including synthesis and isolation of their derivatives, development of novel synthetic methodologies, the evaluation of their biological properties as well as the mechanisms of action of the diketo ester derivates. This paperwork is expected to be a comprehensive, trustworthy, and critical review of the 2,4-diketo ester intermediate to the chemistry community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenad Joksimović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nenad Janković
- University of Kragujevac, Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, Department of Sciences, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Goran Davidović
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zorica Bugarčić
- University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Development of celecoxib-derived antifungals for crop protection. Bioorg Chem 2020; 97:103670. [PMID: 32088417 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib was found directly inhibiting the growth of tested phytopathogenic fungi with the inhibitory rate ranging from 30 to 40% at 100 µg/ml. Lead optimization of celecoxib led to the identification of compound 12 among its derivatives as the most active antifungal candidate. The antifungal effect of compound 12 was supposed to be independent of COX-2 inhibition. Transcriptome profiling analysis of Fusarium graminearium (PH-1) treated with compound 12 brought about 406 up-regulated and 572 down-regulated differentially express genes (DEGs) respectively.
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Kim JH, Chan KL, Cheng LW, Tell LA, Byrne BA, Clothier K, Land KM. High Efficiency Drug Repurposing Design for New Antifungal Agents. Methods Protoc 2019; 2:mps2020031. [PMID: 31164611 PMCID: PMC6632159 DOI: 10.3390/mps2020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Current antifungal interventions have often limited efficiency in treating fungal pathogens, particularly those resistant to commercial drugs or fungicides. Antifungal drug repurposing is an alternative intervention strategy, whereby new utility of various marketed, non-antifungal drugs could be repositioned as novel antifungal agents. In this study, we investigated “chemosensitization” as a method to improve the efficiency of antifungal drug repurposing, wherein combined application of a second compound (viz., chemosensitizer) with a conventional, non-antifungal drug could greatly enhance the antifungal activity of the co-applied drug. Redox-active natural compounds or structural derivatives, such as thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol), 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol, or 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde, could serve as potent chemosensitizers to enhance antifungal activity of the repurposed drug bithionol. Of note, inclusion of fungal mutants, such as antioxidant mutants, could also facilitate drug repurposing efficiency, which is reflected in the enhancement of antifungal efficacy of bithionol. Bithionol overcame antifungal (viz., fludioxonil) tolerance of the antioxidant mutants of the human/animal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Altogether, our strategy can lead to the development of a high efficiency drug repurposing design, which enhances the susceptibility of pathogens to drugs, reduces time and costs for new antifungal development, and abates drug or fungicide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong H Kim
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Kathleen L Chan
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Luisa W Cheng
- Foodborne Toxin Detection and Prevention Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, USDA-ARS, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Lisa A Tell
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Barbara A Byrne
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Kristin Clothier
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory, University of California at Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Kirkwood M Land
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA.
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