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Manna T, Maji S, Maity M, Debnath B, Panda S, Khan SA, Nath R, Akhtar MJ. Anticancer potential and structure activity studies of purine and pyrimidine derivatives: an updated review. Mol Divers 2024:10.1007/s11030-024-10870-4. [PMID: 38856835 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-024-10870-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is the world's leading cause of death impacting millions of lives globally. The increasing research over the past several decades has focused on the development of new anticancer drugs, but still cancer continues to be a global health challenge. Thus, several new alternative therapeutic strategies have been tried for the drug design and discovery. Purine and pyrimidine heterocyclic compounds have received attention recently due to their potential in targeting various cancers. It is evident from the recently published data over the last decade that incorporation of the purine and pyrimidine rings in the synthesized derivatives resulted in the development of potent anticancer molecules. This review presents synthetic strategies encompassing several examples of recently developed purine and pyrimidine-containing compounds as anticancer agents. In addition, their structure-activity relationships are represented in the schemes indicating the fragment or groups that are essential for the enhanced anticancer activities. Purine and pyrimidines combined with other heterocyclic compounds have resulted in many novel anticancer molecules that address the challenges of drug resistance. The purine and pyrimidine derivatives showed significantly enhanced anticancer activities against targeted receptor proteins with numerous compounds with an IC50 value in the nanomolar range. The review will support medicinal chemists and contribute in progression and development of synthesis of more potent chemotherapeutic drug candidates to mitigate the burden of this dreadful disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanushree Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Sumit Maji
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Mousumi Maity
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Biplab Debnath
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Shambo Panda
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India
| | - Shah Alam Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, PO 620, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Rajarshi Nath
- Department of Pharmacy, Bharat Technology, Uluberia, 711316, Howrah, West Bengal, India.
- JIS University, Agarpara Campus, Kolkata-81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata, 700109, India.
| | - Md Jawaid Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Science and Technology, PC 130, Azaiba, Bousher, PO 620, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
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2
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Bisht P, Gautam P, Bhattacharya A, Singh R, Verma SK. Designing of xanthine-based DPP-4 inhibitors: a structure-guided alignment dependent Multifacet 3D-QSAR modeling, and molecular dynamics simulation study. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38783776 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2024.2329787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The DPP-4 enzyme degrades incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP. DPP-4 inhibitors are found effective in the prevention of the degradation of incretins. Xanthine scaffold-bearing molecules are reported as potential DPP-4 inhibitors for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, e.g. the marketed drug linagliptin. In this work, structure-guided alignment-dependent atom- and Gaussian field-based 3D-QSAR have been performed on a dataset of 75 molecules. The robustness and predictive ability of the developed multifacet 3D-QSAR models were validated on different statistical parameters and found to be statistically fit. The favorable and unfavorable pharmacophoric features were mapped for each multifacet 3D-QSAR model based on three alignment sets (1-3). A five-point common pharmacophore hypothesis was generated separately for each set of alignments. The molecular dynamics simulations (up to 100 ns) were performed for the potent molecule from each alignment set (Compounds 12, 40 and 57) compared to reference standard linagliptin to study the binding energy and stability of target-ligand complexes. The MM-PBSA calculations revealed that the binding free energy and stability of compounds 12 (-40.324 ± 17.876 kJ/mol), 40 (-80.543 ± 21.782 kJ/mol) and 57 (-50.202 ± 16.055 kJ/mol) were better than the reference drug linagliptin (-20.390 ± 63.200 kJ/mol). The generated contour maps from structure-guided alignment-dependent multifacet 3D-QSAR models offer information about the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and ligand-target binding energy and stability data from MD simulation may be utilized to design and develop target selective xanthine-based novel DPP-4 inhibitors.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Bisht
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Priyadarshi Gautam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Arka Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Rajveer Singh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
| | - Sant Kumar Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, India
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3
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Bashore FM, Katis VL, Du Y, Sikdar A, Wang D, Bradshaw WJ, Rygiel KA, Leisner TM, Chalk R, Mishra S, Williams CA, Gileadi O, Brennan PE, Wiley JC, Gockley J, Cary GA, Carter GW, Young JE, Pearce KH, Fu H, Axtman AD. Characterization of covalent inhibitors that disrupt the interaction between the tandem SH2 domains of SYK and FCER1G phospho-ITAM. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0293548. [PMID: 38359047 PMCID: PMC10868801 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA sequencing and genetic data support spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma (FCER1G) as putative targets to be modulated for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy. FCER1G is a component of Fc receptor complexes that contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). SYK interacts with the Fc receptor by binding to doubly phosphorylated ITAM (p-ITAM) via its two tandem SH2 domains (SYK-tSH2). Interaction of the FCER1G p-ITAM with SYK-tSH2 enables SYK activation via phosphorylation. Since SYK activation is reported to exacerbate AD pathology, we hypothesized that disruption of this interaction would be beneficial for AD patients. Herein, we developed biochemical and biophysical assays to enable the discovery of small molecules that perturb the interaction between the FCER1G p-ITAM and SYK-tSH2. We identified two distinct chemotypes using a high-throughput screen (HTS) and orthogonally assessed their binding. Both chemotypes covalently modify SYK-tSH2 and inhibit its interaction with FCER1G p-ITAM, however, these compounds lack selectivity and this limits their utility as chemical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M. Bashore
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Vittorio L. Katis
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - Arunima Sikdar
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | - William J. Bradshaw
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karolina A. Rygiel
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tina M. Leisner
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Rod Chalk
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Swati Mishra
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - C. Andrew Williams
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Opher Gileadi
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paul E. Brennan
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jake Gockley
- Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Cary
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - Gregory W. Carter
- The Jackson Laboratory for Mammalian Genetics, Bar Harbor, ME, United States of America
| | - Jessica E. Young
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kenneth H. Pearce
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
- Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States of America
| | | | - Alison D. Axtman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
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Al-Akeedi M, Najdawi M, Al-Balas Q, Al-Qazzan MB, Telfah ST. Novel anthraquinone amide derivatives as potential glyoxalase-I inhibitors. J Med Life 2024; 17:87-98. [PMID: 38737655 PMCID: PMC11080515 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify novel Glyoxalase-I (Glo-I) inhibitors with potential anticancer properties, focusing on anthraquinone amide-based derivatives. We synthesized a series of these derivatives and conducted in silico docking studies to predict their binding interactions with Glo-I. In vitro assessments were performed to evaluate the anti-Glo-I activity of the synthesized compounds. A comprehensive structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis identified key features responsible for specific binding affinities of anthraquinone amide-based derivatives to Glo-I. Additionally, a 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation assessed the stability of the most potent compound compared to a co-crystallized ligand. Compound MQ3 demonstrated a remarkable inhibitory effect against Glo-I, with an IC50 concentration of 1.45 µM. The inhibitory potency of MQ3 may be attributed to the catechol ring, amide functional group, and anthraquinone moiety, collectively contributing to a strong binding affinity with Glo-I. Anthraquinone amide-based derivatives exhibit substantial potential as Glo-I inhibitors with prospective anticancer activity. The exceptional inhibitory efficacy of compound MQ3 indicates its potential as an effective anticancer agent. These findings underscore the significance of anthraquinone amide-based derivatives as a novel class of compounds for cancer therapy, supporting further research and advancements in targeting the Glo-I enzyme to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Al-Akeedi
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Manal Najdawi
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Qosay Al-Balas
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science & Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Bashar Al-Qazzan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Soha Taher Telfah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
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5
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Frejat FOA, Zhao B, Furaijit N, Wang L, Abou-Zied HA, Fathy HM, Mohamed FAM, Youssif BGM, Wu C. New pyrrolidine-carboxamide derivatives as dual antiproliferative EGFR/CDK2 inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14422. [PMID: 38230772 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, making it a public health concern. A novel series of pyrrolidine-carboxamide derivatives 7a-q were developed and examined in a cell viability assay utilizing a human mammary gland epithelial cell line (MCF-10A), where all the compounds exhibited no cytotoxic effects and more than 85% cell viability at a concentration of 50 μM. Antiproliferative activity was evaluated in vitro against four panels of cancer cell lines A-549, MCF-7, Panc-1, and HT-29. Compounds 7e, 7g, 7k, 7n, and 7o were the most active as antiproliferative agents capable of triggering apoptosis. Compound 7g was the most potent of all the derivatives, with a mean IC50 of 0.90 μM compared to IC50 of 1.10 μM for doxorubicin. Compound 7g inhibited A-549 (epithelial cancer cell line), MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line), and HT-29 (colon cancer cell line) more efficiently than doxorubicin. EGFR inhibitory assay results of 7e, 7g, 7k, 7n, and 7o demonstrated that the tested compounds inhibited EGFR with IC50 values ranging from 87 to 107 nM in comparison with the reference drug erlotinib (IC50 = 80 nM). 7e, 7g, 7k, 7n, and 7o inhibited CDK2 efficiently in comparison to the reference dinaciclib (IC50 = 20 nM), with IC50 values ranging from 15 to 31 nM. The results of inhibitory activity assay against different CDK isoforms revealed that the tested compounds had preferential inhibitory activity against the CDK2 isoform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frias Obaid Arhema Frejat
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Zhengzhou Key laboratory of new veterinary Drug preparation innovation, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | | | - Lihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Hesham A Abou-Zied
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Fathy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Fatma A M Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences at Al-Qurayyat, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Chunli Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Technology of Drug Preparation (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Zhengzhou Key laboratory of new veterinary Drug preparation innovation, Zhengzhou, PR China
- Henan Qunbo Pharmaceutical Research Institute Co. LTD., Zhengzhou, PR China
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6
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Al-Wahaibi LH, Mahmoud MA, Mostafa YA, Raslan AE, Youssif BGM. Novel piperine-carboximidamide hybrids: design, synthesis, and antiproliferative activity via a multi-targeted inhibitory pathway. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:376-386. [DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2151593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lamya H. Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A. Mahmoud
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Yaser A. Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ali E. Raslan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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7
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Zhang G, Tang Z, Fan S, Li C, Li Y, Liu W, Long X, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Li Z, Wang Z, Chen D, Ouyang G. Synthesis and biological assessment of indole derivatives containing penta-heterocycles scaffold as novel anticancer agents towards A549 and K562 cells. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2163393. [PMID: 36629428 PMCID: PMC9848270 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2163393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a new series of 2-chloro-N-(5-(2-oxoindolin-3-yl)-4H-pyrazol-3-yl) acetamide derivatives containing 1,3,4-thiadiazole (10a-i) and 4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-amine (11a-r) moiety was designed, synthesised as novel anticancer agents. The antiproliferative activity values indicated that compound 10 b stood as the most potent derivative with IC50 values of 12.0 nM and 10 nM against A549 and K562 cells, respectively. Mechanism investigation and docking studies of 10 b indicated that it possessed good apoptosis characteristic and dose-dependent growth arrest of A549 and K562 cells, blocked cell cycle into G2/M phase. Interestingly, 10 b suppressed the growth of A549 and K562 cells via modulation of EGFR and p53-MDM2 mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhenhua Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sili Fan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chengpeng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Weiqin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuesha Long
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhurui Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhenchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,CONTACT Zhenchao Wang
| | - Danping Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Danping Chen
| | - Guiping Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for Research and Development of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,Guiping Ouyang
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8
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Eissa IH, Yousef RG, Elkaeed EB, Alsfouk AA, Husein DZ, Ibrahim IM, El-Mahdy HA, Elkady H, Metwaly AM. Computer-Assisted Drug Discovery of a Novel Theobromine Derivative as an EGFR Protein-Targeted Apoptosis Inducer. Evol Bioinform Online 2023; 19:11769343231217916. [PMID: 38046652 PMCID: PMC10693208 DOI: 10.1177/11769343231217916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) marks it as a pivotal target in cancer treatment, with the aim of reducing its proliferation and inducing apoptosis. This study aimed at the CADD of a new apoptotic EGFR inhibitor. The natural alkaloid, theobromine, was used as a starting point to obtain a new semisynthetic (di-ortho-chloro acetamide) derivative (T-1-DOCA). Firstly, T-1-DOCA's total electron density, energy gap, reactivity indices, and electrostatic surface potential were determined by DFT calculations, Then, molecular docking studies were carried out to predict the potential of T-1-DOCA against wild and mutant EGFR proteins. T-1-DOCA's correct binding was further confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) over 100 ns, MM-GPSA, and PLIP experiments. In vitro, T-1-DOCA showed noticeable efficacy compared to erlotinib by suppressing EGFRWT and EGFRT790M with IC50 values of 56.94 and 269.01 nM, respectively. T-1-DOCA inhibited also the proliferation of H1975 and HCT-116 malignant cell lines, exhibiting IC50 values of 14.12 and 23.39 µM, with selectivity indices of 6.8 and 4.1, respectively, indicating its anticancer potential and general safety. The apoptotic effects of T-1-DOCA were indicated by flow cytometric analysis and were further confirmed through its potential to increase the levels of BAX, Casp3, and Casp9, and decrease Bcl-2 levels. In conclusion, T-1-DOCA, a new apoptotic EGFR inhibitor, was designed and evaluated both computationally and experimentally. The results suggest that T-1-DOCA is a promising candidate for further development as an anti-cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reda G Yousef
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aisha A Alsfouk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dalal Z Husein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, El-Kharja, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M Ibrahim
- Biophysics Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University. Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hazem Elkady
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
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9
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Fotie J, Matherne CM, Mather JB, Wroblewski JE, Johnson K, Boudreaux LG, Perez AA. The Fundamental Role of Oxime and Oxime Ether Moieties in Improving the Physicochemical and Anticancer Properties of Structurally Diverse Scaffolds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16854. [PMID: 38069175 PMCID: PMC10705934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The present review explores the critical role of oxime and oxime ether moieties in enhancing the physicochemical and anticancer properties of structurally diverse molecular frameworks. Specific examples are carefully selected to illustrate the distinct contributions of these functional groups to general strategies for molecular design, modulation of biological activities, computational modeling, and structure-activity relationship studies. An extensive literature search was conducted across three databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scifinder, enabling us to create one of the most comprehensive overviews of how oximes and oxime ethers impact antitumor activities within a wide range of structural frameworks. This search focused on various combinations of keywords or their synonyms, related to the anticancer activity of oximes and oxime ethers, structure-activity relationships, mechanism of action, as well as molecular dynamics and docking studies. Each article was evaluated based on its scientific merit and the depth of the study, resulting in 268 cited references and more than 336 illustrative chemical structures carefully selected to support this analysis. As many previous reviews focus on one subclass of this extensive family of compounds, this report represents one of the rare and fully comprehensive assessments of the anticancer potential of this group of molecules across diverse molecular scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Fotie
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeastern Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, LA 70402-0878, USA; (C.M.M.); (J.B.M.); (J.E.W.); (K.J.); (L.G.B.); (A.A.P.)
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10
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Ren Q, Qu N, Sun J, Zhou J, Liu J, Ni L, Tong X, Zhang Z, Kong X, Wen Y, Wang Y, Wang D, Luo X, Zhang S, Zheng M, Li X. KinomeMETA: meta-learning enhanced kinome-wide polypharmacology profiling. Brief Bioinform 2023; 25:bbad461. [PMID: 38113075 PMCID: PMC10729787 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbad461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinase inhibitors are crucial in cancer treatment, but drug resistance and side effects hinder the development of effective drugs. To address these challenges, it is essential to analyze the polypharmacology of kinase inhibitor and identify compound with high selectivity profile. This study presents KinomeMETA, a framework for profiling the activity of small molecule kinase inhibitors across a panel of 661 kinases. By training a meta-learner based on a graph neural network and fine-tuning it to create kinase-specific learners, KinomeMETA outperforms benchmark multi-task models and other kinase profiling models. It provides higher accuracy for understudied kinases with limited known data and broader coverage of kinase types, including important mutant kinases. Case studies on the discovery of new scaffold inhibitors for membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase and selective inhibitors for fibroblast growth factor receptors demonstrate the role of KinomeMETA in virtual screening and kinome-wide activity profiling. Overall, KinomeMETA has the potential to accelerate kinase drug discovery by more effectively exploring the kinase polypharmacology landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ren
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ning Qu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Zhou
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Lingang Laboratory, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin Ni
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaochu Tong
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zimei Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiangtai Kong
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiming Wen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yitian Wang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dingyan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 330106, China
| | - Xiaomin Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sulin Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 138 Xianlin Road, Nanjing 210023, China
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xutong Li
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Fakhry MM, Mattar AA, Alsulaimany M, Al-Olayan EM, Al-Rashood ST, Abdel-Aziz HA. New Thiazolyl-Pyrazoline Derivatives as Potential Dual EGFR/HER2 Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Anticancer Activity Evaluation and In Silico Study. Molecules 2023; 28:7455. [PMID: 37959874 PMCID: PMC10647861 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of thiazolyl-pyrazoline derivatives (4a-d, 5a-d 6a, b, 7a-d, 8a, b, and 10a, b) have been designed and synthesized through the combination of thiazole and pyrazoline moieties, starting from the key building blocks pyrazoline carbothioamides (1a-b). These eighteen derivatives have been designed as anticipated EGFR/HER2 dual inhibitors. The efficacy of the developed compounds in inhibiting cell proliferation was assessed using the breast cancer MCF-7 cell line. Among the new synthesized thiazolyl-pyrazolines, compounds 6a, 6b, 10a, and 10b displayed potent anticancer activity toward MCF-7 with IC50 = 4.08, 5.64, 3.37, and 3.54 µM, respectively, when compared with lapatinib (IC50 = 5.88 µM). In addition, enzymatic assays were also run for the most cytotoxic compounds (6a and 6b) toward EGFR and HER2 to demonstrate their dual inhibitory activity. They revealed promising inhibition potency against EGFR with IC50 = 0.024, and 0.005 µM, respectively, whereas their IC50 = 0.047 and 0.022 µM toward HER2, respectively, compared with lapatinib (IC50 = 0.007 and 0.018 µM). Both compounds 6a and 10a induced apoptosis by arresting the cell cycle of the MCF-7 cell line at the G1 and G1/S phases, respectively. Molecular modeling studies for the promising candidates 6a and 10a showed that they formed the essential binding with the crucial amino acids for EGFR and HER2 inhibition, supporting the in vitro assay results. Furthermore, ADMET study predictions were carried out for the compounds in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M. Fakhry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr 11829, Egypt;
| | - Amr A. Mattar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr 11829, Egypt;
| | - Marwa Alsulaimany
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina 42353, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ebtesam M. Al-Olayan
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sara T. Al-Rashood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hatem A. Abdel-Aziz
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Center, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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12
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Al-Wahaibi LH, Hisham M, Abou-Zied HA, Hassan HA, Youssif BGM, Bräse S, Hayallah AM, Abdel-Aziz M. Quinazolin-4-one/3-cyanopyridin-2-one Hybrids as Dual Inhibitors of EGFR and BRAF V600E: Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1522. [PMID: 38004388 PMCID: PMC10674657 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel series of hybrid compounds comprising quinazolin-4-one and 3-cyanopyridin-2-one structures has been developed, with dual inhibitory actions on both EGFR and BRAFV600E. These hybrid compounds were tested in vitro against four different cancer cell lines. Compounds 8, 9, 18, and 19 inhibited cell proliferation significantly in the four cancer cells, with GI50 values ranging from 1.20 to 1.80 µM when compared to Doxorubicin (GI50 = 1.10 µM). Within this group of hybrids, compounds 18 and 19 exhibited substantial inhibition of EGFR and BRAFV600E. Molecular docking investigations provided confirmation that compounds 18 and 19 possess the capability to inhibit EGFR and BRAFV600E. Moreover, computational ADMET prediction indicated that most of the newly synthesized hybrids have low toxicity and minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya H. Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed Hisham
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt; (M.H.); (H.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Hesham A. Abou-Zied
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Universities Zone, New Minia City 61111, Egypt; (M.H.); (H.A.A.-Z.)
| | - Heba A. Hassan
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (H.A.H.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Alaa M. Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (H.A.H.); (M.A.-A.)
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13
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Chahbaoui N, Khamouli S, Alaqarbeh M, Belaidi S, Sinha L, Chtita S, Bouachrine M. Identification of novel curcumin derivatives against pancreatic cancer: a comprehensive approach integrating 3D-QSAR pharmacophore modeling, virtual screening, and molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37811784 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2266502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, known as the "silent killer," poses a daunting challenge in cancer therapy. The dysregulation of the PI3Kα signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer has attracted considerable interest as a promising target for therapeutic intervention. In this regard, the use of curcumin derivatives as inhibitors of PI3Kα has emerged, providing a novel and promising avenue for developing effective treatments for this devastating disease. Computational approaches were employed to explore this potential and investigate 58 curcumin derivatives with cytotoxic activity against the Panc-1 cell line. Our approach involved ligand-based pharmacophore modeling and atom-based 3D-QSAR analysis. The resulting QSAR model derived from the best-fitted pharmacophore hypothesis (AAHRR_1) demonstrated remarkable performance with high correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.990 for the training set and 0.977 for the test set. The cross-validation coefficient (Q2) of 0.971 also validated the model's predictive power. Tropsha's recommended criteria, including the Y-randomization test, were employed to ensure its reliability. Furthermore, an enrichment study was conducted to evaluate the model's performance in identifying active compounds. AAHRR_1 was used to screen a curated PubChem database of curcumin-related compounds. Two molecules (CID156189304 and CID154728220) exhibited promising pharmacokinetic properties and higher docking scores than Alpelisib, warranting further investigation. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations provided crucial insights into the conformational dynamics within the binding site, validating their stability and behavior. These findings contribute to our understanding of the potential therapeutic effectiveness of these compounds as PI3Kα inhibitors in pancreatic cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narimene Chahbaoui
- Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, LMCE Laboratory, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Saida Khamouli
- Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, LMCE Laboratory, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Marwa Alaqarbeh
- Basic Science Department, Prince Al Hussein Bin Abdullah II Academy for Civil Protection, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, Jordan
| | - Salah Belaidi
- Group of Computational and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, LMCE Laboratory, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
| | - Leena Sinha
- Physics Department, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Samir Chtita
- Laboratory of Analytical and Molecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Bouachrine
- Molecular Chemistry and Natural Substances Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University Moulay Ismail, Meknes, Morocco
- Superior School of Technology - Khenifra (EST-Khenifra), University of Sultan Moulay Sliman, Khenifra, Morocco
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14
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Salem M, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis and Anti-Breast Cancer Potency of Mono- and Bis-(pyrazolyl[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4- b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) Derivatives as EGFR/CDK-2 Target Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:35359-35369. [PMID: 37779952 PMCID: PMC10536063 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The target mono- and bis-(6-pyrazolyltriazolo-thiadiazine) derivatives 4a-c and 6a-d were synthesized using a straightforward protocol via reaction of 3-bromoacetylpyrazole 2 with 4-amino-s-triazole-3-thiols 3a-c and bis(4-amino-5-mercapto-s-triazol-3-yl)alkanes 5a-d, respectively. The bis(6-pyrazolyl-s-triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine) derivatives 8a,b and 10 were also constructed by reaction of the triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine-3-thiol 4c with the proper dibromo compounds 7a,b and 9, respectively. Structures of the new substances were determined by spectroscopic and analytical data. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a showed potent cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.16, 2.74, and 0.39 μM, respectively) and were safe against the MCF-10A cells. Compounds 4b, 4c, and 6a also showed promising dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition activities, particularly 6a was the most effective (IC50 = 19.6 and 87.9 nM, respectively), better than Erlotinib and Roscovitine. Compound 6a treatment induced EGFR and CDK-2 enzyme inhibition by 97.18% and 94.11%, respectively, at 10 μM (the highest concentration). Compound 6a notably induced cell apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, increasing the cell population by total apoptosis 43.3% compared to 1.29% for the untreated control group, increasing the cell population at the S-phase by 39.2% compared to 18.6% (control).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa
E. Salem
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad
Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esraa M. Mahrous
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A. Ragab
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry
Department, College of Sciences, University
of Sharjah, P. O. Box 27272, Sharjah 27272, United Arab
Emirates
- Department
of Chemistry (Biochemistry Program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M. Dawood
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo
University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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15
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Abdullah S, Ganguly S. An overview of imidazole and its analogues as potent anticancer agents. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:1621-1646. [PMID: 37727960 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The quest for novel, physiologically active imidazoles remains an exciting topic of research among medicinal chemists. The imidazole ring is a five-membered aromatic heterocycle that is found in both natural and synthesized compounds. Multiple anticancer drug classes are currently available on the market, but concerns including toxicity, limited efficacy and solubility have lowered the overall therapeutic index. Therefore, the hunt for new potential chemotherapeutic agents persists. The development of imidazole as a reliable and safer alternative to anticancer treatment is generating much attention among experts. Tubulin or microtubule polymerization inhibition and changes in the structure and function of DNA, VEGF, topoisomerase, kinases, histone deacetylases and certain other proteins that affect gene expression are among the putative targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salik Abdullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India
| | - Swastika Ganguly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Jharkhand, 835215, India
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16
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Bashore FM, Katis VL, Du Y, Sikdar A, Wang D, Bradshaw WJ, Rygiel KA, Leisner TM, Chalk R, Mishra S, Williams AC, Gileadi O, Brennan PE, Wiley JC, Gockley J, Cary GA, Carter GW, Young JE, Pearce KH, Fu H, Axtman AD. Characterization of covalent inhibitors that disrupt the interaction between the tandem SH2 domains of SYK and FCER1G phospho-ITAM. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.28.551026. [PMID: 37547005 PMCID: PMC10402180 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.551026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
RNA sequencing and genetic data support spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) and high affinity immunoglobulin epsilon receptor subunit gamma (FCER1G) as putative targets to be modulated for Alzheimer's disease (AD) therapy. FCER1G is a component of Fc receptor complexes that contain an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). SYK interacts with the Fc receptor by binding to doubly phosphorylated ITAM (p-ITAM) via its two tandem SH2 domains (SYK-tSH2). Interaction of the FCER1G p-ITAM with SYK-tSH2 enables SYK activation via phosphorylation. Since SYK activation is reported to exacerbate AD pathology, we hypothesized that disruption of this interaction would be beneficial for AD patients. Herein, we developed biochemical and biophysical assays to enable the discovery of small molecules that perturb the interaction between the FCER1G p-ITAM and SYK-tSH2. We identified two distinct chemotypes using a high-throughput screen (HTS) and orthogonally assessed their binding. Both chemotypes covalently modify SYK-tSH2 and inhibit its interaction with FCER1G p-ITAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frances M. Bashore
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Vittorio L. Katis
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Arunima Sikdar
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William J. Bradshaw
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Karolina A. Rygiel
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Tina M. Leisner
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rod Chalk
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | | | | | - Opher Gileadi
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
- Current address: Structural Genomics Consortium, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul E. Brennan
- ARUK Oxford Drug Discovery Institute, Centre for Medicines Discovery, Nuffield Department of Medicine Research Building, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kenneth H. Pearce
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Integrative Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA; Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Alison D. Axtman
- UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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17
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Salem ME, Mahrous EM, Ragab EA, Nafie MS, Dawood KM. Synthesis of novel mono- and bis-pyrazolylthiazole derivatives as anti-liver cancer agents through EGFR/HER2 target inhibition. BMC Chem 2023; 17:51. [PMID: 37291635 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
3-Bromoacetyl-4-(2-naphthoyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole (6) was synthesized from 2-acetylnaphthalene and was used as a new key building block for constructing the title targets. Thus, the reaction of 6 with the thiosemicarbazones 7a-d and 9-11 afforded the corresponding simple naphthoyl-(3-pyrazolyl)thiazole hybrids 8a-d and 12 ~ 14. The symmetric bis-(2-naphthoyl-pyrazol-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)hydrazono)methyl)phenoxy)alkanes 18a-c and 21a-c were similarly synthesized from reaction of 6 with the appropriate bis-thiosemicarbazones 17a-c and 19a-c, respectively. The synthesized two series of simple and symmetrical bis-molecular hybrid merging naphthalene, thiazole, and pyrazole were evaluated for their cytotoxicity. Compounds 18b,c and 21a showed the most potent cytotoxicity (IC50 = 0.97-3.57 µM) compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 7.45 µM). Additionally, they were safe (non-cytotoxic) against the THLE2 cells with higher IC50 values. Compounds 18c exhibited promising EGFR and HER-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 = 4.98 and 9.85 nM, respectively, compared to Lapatinib (IC50 = 6.1 and 17.2 nM). Apoptosis investigation revealed that 18c significantly activated apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells, increasing the death rate by 63.6-fold and arresting cell proliferation at the S-phase. Compound 18c upregulated P53 by 8.6-fold, Bax by 8.9-fold, caspase-3,8,9 by 9, 2.3, and 7.6-fold, while it inhibited the Bcl-2 expression by 0.34-fold. Thereby, compound 18c exhibited promising cytotoxicity against EGFR/HER2 inhibition against liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa E Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Esraa M Mahrous
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Eman A Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Department of Chemistry (Biochemistry program), Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kamal M Dawood
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt.
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18
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Jena AB, Samal RR, Bhol NK, Duttaroy AK. Cellular Red-Ox system in health and disease: The latest update. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114606. [PMID: 36989716 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are continually exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during cellular metabolism. Apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy are biological processes involving a feedback cycle that causes ROS molecules to induce oxidative stress. To adapt to ROS exposure, living cells develop various defense mechanisms to neutralize and use ROS as a signaling molecule. The cellular redox networks combine signaling pathways that regulate cell metabolism, energy, cell survival, and cell death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) are essential antioxidant enzymes that are required for scavenging ROS in various cell compartments and response to stressful situations. Among the non-enzymatic defenses, vitamin C, glutathione (GSH), polyphenols, carotenoids, vitamin E, etc., are also essential. This review article describes how ROS are produced as byproducts of oxidation/reduction (redox) processes and how the antioxidants defense system is directly or indirectly engaged in scavenging ROS. In addition, we used computational methods to determine the comparative profile of binding energies of several antioxidants with antioxidant enzymes. The computational analysis demonstrates that antioxidants with a high affinity for antioxidant enzymes regulate their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atala Bihari Jena
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Rashmi Rekha Samal
- CSIR-Institute of Minerals & Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar 751 013, India
| | - Nitish Kumar Bhol
- Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway.
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19
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Al-Wahaibi LH, Abou-Zied HA, Beshr EAM, Youssif BGM, Hayallah AM, Abdel-Aziz M. Design, Synthesis, Antiproliferative Actions, and DFT Studies of New Bis-Pyrazoline Derivatives as Dual EGFR/BRAF V600E Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9104. [PMID: 37240450 PMCID: PMC10218941 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Some new Bis-pyrazoline hybrids 8-17 with dual EGFR and BRAFV600E inhibitors have been developed. The target compounds were synthesized and tested in vitro against four cancer cell lines. Compounds 12, 15, and 17 demonstrated strong antiproliferative activity with GI50 values of 1.05 µM, 1.50 µM, and 1.20 µM, respectively. Hybrids showed dual inhibition of EGFR and BRAFV600E. Compounds 12, 15, and 17 inhibited EGFR-like erlotinib and exhibited promising anticancer activity. Compound 12 is the most potent inhibitor of cancer cell proliferation and BRAFV600E. Compounds 12 and 17 induced apoptosis by increasing caspase 3, 8, and Bax levels, and resulted in the downregulation of the antiapoptotic Bcl2. The molecular docking studies verified that compounds 12, 15, and 17 have the potential to be dual EGFR/BRAFV600E inhibitors. Additionally, in silico ADMET prediction revealed that most synthesized bis-pyrazoline hybrids have low toxicity and adverse effects. DFT studies for the two most active compounds, 12 and 15, were also carried out. The values of the HOMO and LUMO energies, as well as softness and hardness, were computationally investigated using the DFT method. These findings agreed well with those of the in vitro research and molecular docking study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya H. Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hesham A. Abou-Zied
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (H.A.A.-Z.); (M.A.-A.)
| | - Eman A. M. Beshr
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt;
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Alaa M. Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt; (H.A.A.-Z.); (M.A.-A.)
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20
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El-Kalyoubi SA, Gomaa HAM, Abdelhafez EMN, Ramadan M, Agili F, Youssif BGM. Design, Synthesis, and Anti-Proliferative Action of Purine/Pteridine-Based Derivatives as Dual Inhibitors of EGFR and BRAF V600E. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050716. [PMID: 37242499 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of novel EGFR and BRAFV600E dual inhibitors is intended to serve as targeted cancer treatment. Two sets of purine/pteridine-based derivatives were designed and synthesized as EGFR/BRAFV600E dual inhibitors. The majority of the compounds exhibited promising antiproliferative activity on the cancer cell lines tested. Compounds 5a, 5e, and 7e of purine-based and pteridine-based scaffolds were identified as the most potent hits in anti-proliferative screening, with GI50 values of 38 nM, 46 nM, and 44 nM, respectively. Compounds 5a, 5e, and 7e demonstrated promising EGFR inhibitory activity, with IC50 values of 87 nM, 98 nM, and 92 nM, respectively, when compared to erlotinib's IC50 value of 80 nM. According to the results of the BRAFV600E inhibitory assay, BRAFV600E may not be a viable target for this class of organic compounds. Finally, molecular docking studies were carried out at the EGFR and BRAFV600E active sites to suggest possible binding modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar A El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Ramadan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 11651, Egypt
| | - Fatimah Agili
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Female Section), Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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21
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Al-Wahaibi LH, El-Sheref EM, Hammouda MM, Youssif BGM. One-Pot Synthesis of 1-Thia-4-azaspiro[4.4/5]alkan-3-ones via Schiff Base: Design, Synthesis, and Apoptotic Antiproliferative Properties of Dual EGFR/BRAF V600E Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16030467. [PMID: 36986566 PMCID: PMC10056593 DOI: 10.3390/ph16030467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this investigation, novel 4-((quinolin-4-yl)amino)-thia-azaspiro[4.4/5]alkan-3-ones were synthesized via interactions between 4-(2-cyclodenehydrazinyl)quinolin-2(1H)-one and thioglycolic acid catalyzed by thioglycolic acid. We prepared a new family of spiro-thiazolidinone derivatives in a one-step reaction with excellent yields (67-79%). The various NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analyses verified the structures of all the newly obtained compounds. The antiproliferative effects of 6a-e, 7a, and 7b against four cancer cells were investigated. The most effective antiproliferative compounds were 6b, 6e, and 7b. Compounds 6b and 7b inhibited EGFR with IC50 values of 84 and 78 nM, respectively. Additionally, 6b and 7b were the most effective inhibitors of BRAFV600E (IC50 = 108 and 96 nM, respectively) and cancer cell proliferation (GI50 = 35 and 32 nM against four cancer cell lines, respectively). Finally, the apoptosis assay results revealed that compounds 6b and 7b had dual EGFR/BRAFV600E inhibitory properties and showed promising antiproliferative and apoptotic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamya H Al-Wahaibi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essmat M El-Sheref
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Hammouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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22
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Maghraby MTE, Salem OIA, Youssif BGM, Sheha MM. Design, synthesis, and modelling study of new 1,2,3-triazole/chalcone hybrids with antiproliferative action as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:749-759. [PMID: 36366966 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of 1,2,3-triazole/chalcone hybrids 6a-n was designed and synthesized using a molecular hybridization approach to develop a new cytotoxic agent capable of targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and/or BRAF. The antiproliferative effect of the novel hybrids was investigated against four cancer cells using doxorubicin as a reference. Hybrids 6a, 6d, 6f-h, and 6n have the highest antiproliferative activity (IC50 values 0.95-1.80 μM) compared to doxorubicin (IC50 1.14 μM). The most potent antiproliferative derivative, compound 6d, was also the most potent EGFR inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.09 ± 0.05 μM, which is comparable to the reference Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.05 ± 0.03 μM). 6d has modest BRAF inhibitory action with an IC50 of 0.90 ± 0.10 μM. The findings were also related to molecular docking studies, which provided models of strong interactions with the EGFR-TK domain for the inhibitors. In cell cycle analysis, hybrid 6d caused a cell cycle arrest at the G1 transition phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed T-E Maghraby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, Egypt
| | - Ola I A Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M Sheha
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, Assiut, Egypt
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23
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El-Sheref EM, Ameen MA, El-Shaieb KM, Abdel-Latif FF, Abdel-naser AI, Brown AB, Bräse S, Fathy HM, Ahmad I, Patel H, Gomaa HAM, Youssif BGM, Mohamed AH. Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Syn and Anti-like Double Warhead Quinolinones Bearing Dihydroxy Naphthalene Moiety as Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitors with Potential Apoptotic Antiproliferative Action. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248765. [PMID: 36557897 PMCID: PMC9788418 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Our investigation includes the synthesis of new naphthalene-bis-triazole-bis-quinolin-2(1H)-ones 4a−e and 7a−e via Cu-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloadditions of 4-azidoquinolin-2(1H)-ones 3a−e with 1,5-/or 1,8-bis(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)naphthalene (2) or (6). All structures of the obtained products have been confirmed with different spectroscopic analyses. Additionally, a mild and versatile method based on copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] cycloaddition (Meldal−Sharpless reaction) was developed to tether quinolinones to O-atoms of 1,5- or 1,8-dinaphthols. The triazolo linkers could be considered as anti and syn products, which are interesting precursors for functionalized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors with potential apoptotic antiproliferative action. The antiproliferative activities of the 4a−e and 7a−e were evaluated. Compounds 4a−e and 7a−e demonstrated strong antiproliferative activity against the four tested cancer cell lines, with mean GI50 ranging from 34 nM to 134 nM compared to the reference erlotinib, which had a GI50 of 33 nM. The most potent derivatives as antiproliferative agents, compounds 4a, 4b, and 7d, were investigated for their efficacy as EGFR inhibitors, with IC50 values ranging from 64 nM to 97 nM. Compounds 4a, 4b, and 7d demonstrated potent apoptotic effects via their effects on caspases 3, 8, 9, Cytochrome C, Bax, and Bcl2. Finally, docking studies show the relevance of the free amino group of the quinoline moiety for antiproliferative action via hydrogen bond formation with essential amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essmat M. El-Sheref
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-S.); (M.A.A.); (S.B.); (B.G.M.Y.)
| | - Mohamed A. Ameen
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-S.); (M.A.A.); (S.B.); (B.G.M.Y.)
| | - Kamal M. El-Shaieb
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Fathy F. Abdel-Latif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Asmaa I. Abdel-naser
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Alan B. Brown
- Chemistry Department, Florida Institute of Technology, 150 W University Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Biological and Chemical Systems, IBCS-FMS, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-S.); (M.A.A.); (S.B.); (B.G.M.Y.)
| | - Hazem M. Fathy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Prof. Ravindra Nikam College of Pharmacy, Gondur, Dhule 424002, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of Computer Aided Drug Design, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
| | - Hesham A. M. Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72314, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G. M. Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
- Correspondence: (E.M.E.-S.); (M.A.A.); (S.B.); (B.G.M.Y.)
| | - Asmaa H. Mohamed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El Minia 61519, Egypt
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24
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El-Wahab HAAA, Ali AM, Abdel-Rahman HM, Qayed WS. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling studies of acetophenones-tethered 1,2,4-triazoles and their oximes as epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:981-993. [PMID: 34773452 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A series of 5-(4-pyridyl)-1,2,4-triazoles hybrids with acetophenones and their oxime derivatives was rationally designed and synthesized as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibitors. Initially, drug Likeness and pharmacokinetics properties of the prepared compounds were evaluated. Afterward, the prepared compounds were in vitro screened for their ability to inhibit the growth of the NCI-60 human cancer cell lines where certain compounds showed moderate activity. Compounds 4e and 5b emerged as the most potent compounds in this series were further tested for their EGFR enzyme inhibition activity. They showed IC50 values of 0.14 and 0.18 µM, respectively, in comparison with Gefitinib as a reference with an IC50 value of 0.06 µM. Docking of compounds 4e and 5b into the binding site of EGFR tyrosine kinase was performed to explains their possible binding mode and to compare it with known inhibitors. Moreover, molecular dynamic simulations were estimated for deeper understanding of the binding mode of compounds 4e and 5b at the binding site of EGFR tyrosine kinase. The findings indicated that the novel ligands 4e and 5b were stable in the EGFR tyrosine kinase active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend A A Abd El-Wahab
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ali
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hamdy M Abdel-Rahman
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University (NUB), Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Wesam S Qayed
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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25
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Shawish I, Nafie MS, Barakat A, Aldalbahi A, Al-Rasheed HH, Ali M, Alshaer W, Al Zoubi M, Al Ayoubi S, De la Torre BG, Albericio F, El-Faham A. Pyrazolyl-s-triazine with indole motif as a novel of epidermal growth factor receptor/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 dual inhibitors. Front Chem 2022; 10:1078163. [PMID: 36505739 PMCID: PMC9732672 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1078163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of pyrazolyl-s-triazine compounds with an indole motif was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anticancer activity targeting dual EGFR and CDK-2 inhibitors. The compounds were tested for cytotoxicity using the MTT assay. Compounds 3h, 3i, and 3j showed promising cytotoxic activity against two cancer cell lines, namely A549, MCF-7, and HDFs (non-cancerous human dermal fibroblasts). Compound 3j was the most active candidate against A549, with an IC50 of 2.32 ± 0.21 μM. Compounds 3h and 3i were found to be the most active hybrids against MCF-7 and HDFs, with an IC50 of 2.66 ± 0.26 μM and 3.78 ± 0.55 μM, respectively. Interestingly, 3i showed potent EGFR inhibition, with an IC50 of 34.1 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 67.3 nM). At 10 μM, this candidate caused 93.6% and 91.4% of EGFR and CDK-2 inhibition, respectively. Furthermore, 3i enhanced total lung cancer cell apoptosis 71.6-fold (43.7% compared to 0.61% for the control). Given the potent cytotoxicity exerted by 3i through apoptosis-mediated activity, this compound emerges as a promising target-oriented anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Shawish
- Department of Math and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismaïlia, Egypt
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hessa H. Al-Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mazhar Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Samha Al Ayoubi
- Department of Math and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Beatriz G. De la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP) School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt,*Correspondence: Assem Barakat, ; Fernando Albericio, ; Ayman El-Faham,
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26
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Tawfeek HN, Hassan AA, Bräse S, Nieger M, Mostafa YA, Gomaa HA, Youssif BG, El-Shreef EM. Design, synthesis, crystal structures and biological evaluation of some 1,3-thiazolidin-4-ones as dual CDK2/EGFR potent inhibitors with potential apoptotic antiproliferative effects. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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27
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Fakhry MM, Mahmoud K, Nafie MS, Noor AO, Hareeri RH, Salama I, Kishk SM. Rational Design, Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel Pyrazoline-Based Antiproliferative Agents in MCF-7 Cancer Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1245. [PMID: 36297358 PMCID: PMC9607164 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast divide continuously without control. There are great limitations in cancer chemotherapy. Hence, it is essential to search for new cancer therapeutics. Herein, a novel series of EGFR/HER2 dual inhibitors has been designed based on the hybridization of thiazole and pyrazoline fragments. The synthesized compounds were screened for their anti-proliferative activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and MCF-10 normal breast cell line. Interestingly, synthesized compounds 6e and 6k showed very potent antiproliferative activity towards MCF-7 with IC50 values of 7.21 and 8.02 µM, respectively. Furthermore, enzymatic assay was performed against EGFR and HER2 to prove the dual inhibitory action. Compounds 6e and 6k showed potent inhibitory activity for EGFR with IC50 of 0.009 and 0.051 µM, respectively, and for HER2 with IC50 of 0.013 and 0.027 µM, respectively. Additionally, compounds 6e and 6k significantly stimulated apoptotic breast cancer cell death. Compound 6e was further explored for its anticancer activity in vivo using a Xenograft model. Moreover, computational modeling studies, ADMET studies and toxicity prediction were performed to investigate their potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M. Fakhry
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr 11829, Egypt
| | - Kazem Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr 11829, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Ahmad O. Noor
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan H. Hareeri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Salama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Kishk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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28
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Novel indazole derivatives as potent apoptotic antiproliferative agents by multi-targeted mechanism: Synthesis and biological evaluation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 126:105922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Indole-2-Carboxamides with Potent Apoptotic Antiproliferative Activity as EGFR/CDK2 Dual Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15081006. [PMID: 36015154 PMCID: PMC9414584 DOI: 10.3390/ph15081006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoptotic antiproliferative actions of our previously reported CB1 allosteric modulators 5-chlorobenzofuran-2-carboxamide derivatives VIIa–j prompted us to develop and synthesise a novel series of indole-2-carboxamide derivatives 5a–k, 6a–c, and 7. Different spectroscopic methods of analysis were used to validate the novel compounds. Using the MTT assay method, the novel compounds were examined for antiproliferative activity against four distinct cancer cell lines. Compounds 5a–k, 6a–c, and 7 demonstrated greater antiproliferative activity against the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) than other tested cancer cell lines, and 5a–k (which contain the phenethyl moiety in their backbone structure) demonstrated greater potency than 6a–c and 7, indicating the importance of the phenethyl moiety for antiproliferative action. Compared to reference doxorubicin (GI50 = 1.10 µM), compounds 5d, 5e, 5h, 5i, 5j, and 5k were the most effective of the synthesised derivatives, with GI50 ranging from 0.95 µM to 1.50 µM. Compounds 5d, 5e, 5h, 5i, 5j, and 5k were tested for their inhibitory impact on EGFR and CDK2, and the results indicated that the compounds tested had strong antiproliferative activity and are effective at suppressing both CDK2 and EGFR. Moreover, the studied compounds induced apoptosis with high potency, as evidenced by their effects on apoptotic markers such as Caspases 3, 8, 9, Cytochrome C, Bax, Bcl2, and p53.
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30
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Shawish I, Barakat A, Aldalbahi A, Alshaer W, Daoud F, Alqudah DA, Al Zoubi M, Hatmal MM, Nafie MS, Haukka M, Sharma A, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, El-Faham A. Acetic Acid Mediated for One-Pot Synthesis of Novel Pyrazolyl s-Triazine Derivatives for the Targeted Therapy of Triple-Negative Breast Tumor Cells (MDA-MB-231) via EGFR/PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Cascades. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081558. [PMID: 36015186 PMCID: PMC9414415 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we described the synthesis of novel pyrazole-s-triazine derivatives via an easy one-pot procedure for the reaction of β-dicarbonyl compounds (ethylacetoacetate, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadione or 1,3-cyclohexadionone) with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethylacetal, followed by addition of 2-hydrazinyl-4,6-disubstituted-s-triazine either in ethanol-acetic acid or neat acetic acid to afford a novel pyrazole and pyrazole-fused cycloalkanone systems. The synthetic protocol proved to be efficient, with a shorter reaction time and high chemical yield with broad substrates. The new pyrazolyl-s-triazine derivatives were tested against the following cell lines: MCF-7 (breast cancer); MDA-MB-231 (triple-negative breast cancer); U-87 MG (glioblastoma); A549 (non-small cell lung cancer); PANC-1 (pancreatic cancer); and human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). The cell viability assay revealed that most of the s-triazine compounds induced cytotoxicity in all the cell lines tested. However, compounds 7d, 7f and 7c, which all have a piperidine or morpholine moiety with one aniline ring or two aniline rings in their structures, were the most effective. Compounds 7f and 7d showed potent EGFR inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 59.24 and 70.3 nM, respectively, compared to Tamoxifen (IC50 value of 69.1 nM). Compound 7c exhibited moderate activity, with IC50 values of 81.6 nM. Interestingly, hybrids 7d and 7f exerted remarkable PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitory activity with 0.66/0.82/0.80 and 0.35/0.56/0.66-fold, respectively, by inhibiting their concentrations to 4.39, 37.3, and 69.3 ng/mL in the 7d-treatment, and to 2.39, 25.34 and 57.6 ng/mL in the 7f-treatment compared to the untreated control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Shawish
- Department of Math and Sciences, College of Humanities and Sciences, Prince Sultan University, P.O. Box 66833, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (F.A.); or (A.E.-F.)
| | - Ali Aldalbahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Walhan Alshaer
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (W.A.); (F.D.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Fadwa Daoud
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (W.A.); (F.D.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Dana A. Alqudah
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (W.A.); (F.D.); (D.A.A.)
| | - Mazhar Al Zoubi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Yarmouk University, Irbid 21163, Jordan;
| | - Ma’mon M. Hatmal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland;
| | - Anamika Sharma
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (A.S.); (B.G.d.l.T.)
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4041, South Africa; (A.S.); (B.G.d.l.T.)
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN (Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine) and Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (F.A.); or (A.E.-F.)
| | - Ayman El-Faham
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, Alexandria 12321, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (F.A.); or (A.E.-F.)
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31
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Recent Advances in the Biological Significance of Xanthine and its Derivatives: A Review. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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32
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Design and synthesis of new triarylimidazole derivatives as dual inhibitors of BRAFV600E/p38α with potential antiproliferative activity. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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33
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Structure-based design, synthesis and antiproliferative action of new quinazoline-4-one/chalcone hybrids as EGFR inhibitors. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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34
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Gomaa HA, Shaker ME, Alzarea SI, Hendawy O, Mohamed FA, Gouda AM, Ali AT, Morcoss MM, Abdelrahman MH, Trembleau L, Youssif BG. Optimization and SAR investigation of novel 2,3-dihydropyrazino[1,2-a]indole-1,4-dione derivatives as EGFR and BRAFV600E dual inhibitors with potent antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105616. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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35
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Mahmoud MA, Mohammed AF, Salem OIA, Gomaa HAM, Youssif BGM. New 1,3,4-oxadiazoles linked with the 1,2,3-triazole moiety as antiproliferative agents targeting the EGFR tyrosine kinase. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2022; 355:e2200009. [PMID: 35195309 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-1,2,3-triazole hybrids bearing different pharmacophoric moieties has been designed and synthesized. Their antiproliferative activity was evaluated against four human cancer cell lines (Panc-1, MCF-7, HT-29, and A-549) using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The preliminary activity test displayed that the most active compounds, 6d, 6e, and 8a-e, suppressed cancer cell growth (GI50 = 0.23-2.00 µM) comparably to erlotinib (GI50 = 0.06 µM). Compounds 6d, 6e, and 8a-e inhibited the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK) at IC50 = 0.11-0.73 µM, compared to erlotinib (IC50 = 0.08 ± 0.04 µM). The apoptotic mechanism revealed that the most active hybrid 8d induced expression levels of caspase-3, caspase-9, and cytochrome-c in the human cancer cell line Panc-1 by 7.80-, 19.30-, and 13-fold higher than doxorubicin. Also, 8d increased the Bax level by 40-fold than doxorubicin, along with decreasing Bcl-2 levels by 6.3-fold. Cell cycle analysis after treatment of Panc-1 cells with hybrid 8d revealed a high proportion of cell accumulation (41.53%) in the pre-G1 phase, indicating cell cycle arrest at the G1 transition. Computational docking of the 8d and 8e hybrids with the EGFR binding site revealed their ability to bind with EGFR similar to erlotinib. Finally, in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion/pharmacokinetic studies for the most active hybrids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Anber F Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ola I A Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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36
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Mekheimer RA, Allam SMR, Al-Sheikh MA, Moustafa MS, Al-Mousawi SM, Mostafa YA, Youssif BGM, Gomaa HAM, Hayallah AM, Abdelaziz M, Sadek KU. Discovery of new pyrimido[5,4-c]quinolines as potential antiproliferative agents with multitarget actions: Rapid synthesis, docking, and ADME studies. Bioorg Chem 2022; 121:105693. [PMID: 35219045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of pyrimido[5,4-c]quinoline derivatives variously substituted at positions 2 and 5 have been synthesized, in good to excellent yields, via rapid base-catalyzed cyclization reaction of 2,4-dichloroquinoline-3-carbonitrile (5) with guanidine hydrochlorides 6a-c. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antiproliferative activity. The most active hybrids 26a-d, 28a-d, and 30B were assessed against topoisomerase (topo) I, topo IIα, CDK2, and EGFR. The majority of the tested compounds exhibited selective topo I inhibitory activity while had weak topo IIα inhibitory action with compounds 30B and 28d, showed better topo I inhibitory activity than the reference camptothecin. Compound 30B, the most potent derivative as antiproliferative agent, exhibited moderate activity against CDK2 (IC50 = 1.60 µM). The results of this assay show that CDK2 is not a potential target for these compounds, implying that the observed cytotoxicity of these compounds is due to a different mechanism. Compounds 30B, 28d, and 28c were found to be the most potent against EGFR and their EGFR inhibitory activities (IC50 = 0.40 ± 0.2, 0.49 ± 0.2, and 0.64 ± 0.3, respectively) relative to the positive control erlotinib (IC50 = 0.07 ± 0.03 µM). These results revealed that topo I and EGFR are attractive targets for this class of chemical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan A Mekheimer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Samar M R Allam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Mariam A Al-Sheikh
- Department of Chemistry, Jeddah University, Faculty of Sciences-Al Faisaliah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa S Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 12613, Safat 13060, Kuwait
| | - Saleh M Al-Mousawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 12613, Safat 13060, Kuwait.
| | - Yaser A Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelaziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt
| | - Kamal U Sadek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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Majhi S. Recent developments in the synthesis and anti-cancer activity of acridine and xanthine-based molecules. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2021-0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and development of abnormal cells which is a major cause of death in both advanced and emerging countries. Although currently chemotherapy is most broadly used among an extensive range of anti-cancer therapies, it includes many demerits, such as highly toxic, side-effects, expensive and partial lack of targeting specificity. So the design and synthesis of new molecules that perform specifically on target proteins in tumor cells is a focus of contemporary research. So many researchers aim for new drugs that will be more efficient, more selective, and less toxic. Because of the interesting structures and significant biological profile, naturally occurring acridines and xanthines as well as their analogues have attracted considerable interest in researchers and technologists. Natural and synthetic acridine derivatives form a significant category of heterocycles having nitrogen that is of considerable interest for organic chemists and biological communities due to their attractive anti-cancer activity. Another important class of therapeutic agents with diverse biological properties including cytotoxic effects is xanthine derivatives which are collectively called xanthines (a group of alkaloids). Among many significant molecules based on the structure of the purine, there is a group of natural xanthines, involving theobromine, caffeine, and theophylline and analogues of xanthine display anti-cancer activity. Hence the present chapter wishes to concentrate the attention on the synthesis and anti-cancer activity of acridine and xanthine-based compounds brilliantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasadhar Majhi
- Department of Chemistry (UG & PG Dept.) , Triveni Devi Bhalotia College, Kazi Nazrul University , Raniganj , West Bengal 713347 , India
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38
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Elgawish MS, Nafie MS, Yassen ASA, Yamada K, Ghareb N. The design and synthesis of potent benzimidazole derivatives via scaffold hybridization and evaluating their antiproliferative and proapoptotic activity against breast and lung cancer cell lines. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05655g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
New series of benzimidazole bearing scaffold as powerful antiproliferative antiangiogenic compounds against breast (MCF-7) and lung (A549) cell lines cancer were designed using molecular hybridization as a new strategy for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Saleh Elgawish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohamed S. Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Asmaa S. A. Yassen
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Koji Yamada
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Nagat Ghareb
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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39
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Nafie MS, Kishk SM, Mahgoub S, Amer AM. Quinoline-based thiazolidinone derivatives as potent cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing agents through EGFR inhibition. Chem Biol Drug Des 2021; 99:547-560. [PMID: 34873844 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Quinoline-based thiazolidinone heterocycles exhibited potent activity in the field of cancer therapy. Hence, ten quinoline-based thiazolidinone derivatives were evaluated for their anticancer activity through cytotoxic activity, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition pathway, apoptosis investigation through flow cytometric analyses, RT-PCR gene expression, in vivo solid-Ehrlich carcinoma model, and finally in silico approach for highlighting the interaction pose. Results revealed that compound 7 exhibited cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells with an IC50 value of 7.43 µM compared to 5-FU (IC50 = 11.36 µM) with moderate cytotoxic activity against the FHC (IC50 = 35.27 µM), and it exhibited remarkable inhibition activity of EGFR with IC50 value of 96.43 nM compared to Erlotinib (IC50 = 78.65 nM). Moreover, it significantly stimulated apoptotic colon cancer cell death with 171.58-fold arresting cell cycle at G2 and S-phases. Additionally, it ameliorated both biochemical and histochemical structures near normal with tumor inhibition ratio of 52.92% compared to 5-FU of 57.16%, with immunohistochemical examinations of EGFR inhibition in the treated group compared to control. Finally, molecular docking study highlighted its good binding affinity through good interactive binding pose inside the EGFR protein. In conclusion, the potent EGFR inhibitory activity of compound 7 was investigated using three integrated approaches in vitro, in vivo, and in silico, so it worth be validated and developed as a chemotherapeutic anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Safaa M Kishk
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sebaey Mahgoub
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, Department of Basic Research, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt 57357, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Atef M Amer
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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40
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Soltan OM, Shoman ME, Abdel-Aziz SA, Narumi A, Konno H, Abdel-Aziz M. Molecular hybrids: A five-year survey on structures of multiple targeted hybrids of protein kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 225:113768. [PMID: 34450497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases have grown over the past few years as a crucial target for different cancer types. With the multifactorial nature of cancer, and the fast development of drug resistance for conventional chemotherapeutics, a strategy for designing multi-target agents was suggested to potentially increase drug efficacy, minimize side effects and retain the proper pharmacokinetic properties. Kinase inhibitors were used extensively in such strategy. Different kinase inhibitor agents which target EGFR, VEGFR, c-Met, CDK, PDK and other targets were merged into hybrids with conventional chemotherapeutics such as tubulin polymerization and topoisomerase inhibitors. Other hybrids were designed gathering kinase inhibitors with targeted cancer therapy such as HDAC, PARP, HSP 90 inhibitors. Nitric oxide donor molecules were also merged with kinase inhibitors for cancer therapy. The current review presents the hybrids designed in the past five years discussing their design principles, results and highlights their future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama M Soltan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mai E Shoman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
| | - Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut, 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, 61111, Minia, Egypt
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519, Minia, Egypt.
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41
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Design and Synthesis of (2- oxo-1,2-Dihydroquinolin-4-yl)-1,2,3-triazole Derivatives via Click Reaction: Potential Apoptotic Antiproliferative Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226798. [PMID: 34833890 PMCID: PMC8620910 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A mild and versatile method based on Cu-catalyzed [2+3] cycloaddition (Huisgen-Meldal-Sharpless reaction) was developed to tether 3,3’-((4-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)phenyl)methylene)bis(4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-ones) with 4-azido-2-quinolones in good yields. This methodology allowed attaching three quinolone molecules via a triazole linker with the proposed mechanism. The products are interesting precursors for their anti-proliferative activity. Compound 8g was the most active one, achieving IC50 = 1.2 ± 0.2 µM and 1.4 ± 0.2 µM against MCF-7 and Panc-1 cell lines, respectively. Moreover, cell cycle analysis of cells MCF-7 treated with 8g showed cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase (supported by Caspase-3,8,9, Cytochrome C, BAX, and Bcl-2 studies). Additionally, significant pro-apoptotic activity is indicated by annexin V-FITC staining.
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42
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Sharma P, LaRosa C, Antwi J, Govindarajan R, Werbovetz KA. Imidazoles as Potential Anticancer Agents: An Update on Recent Studies. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144213. [PMID: 34299488 PMCID: PMC8307698 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings are common structural components of marketed drugs. Among these heterocycles, imidazole/fused imidazole rings are present in a wide range of bioactive compounds. The unique properties of such structures, including high polarity and the ability to participate in hydrogen bonding and coordination chemistry, allow them to interact with a wide range of biomolecules, and imidazole-/fused imidazole-containing compounds are reported to have a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review summarizes recent reports of imidazole/fused imidazole derivatives as anticancer agents appearing in the peer-reviewed literature from 2018 through 2020. Such molecules have been shown to modulate various targets, including microtubules, tyrosine and serine-threonine kinases, histone deacetylases, p53-Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) protein, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), G-quadraplexes, and other targets. Imidazole-containing compounds that display anticancer activity by unknown/undefined mechanisms are also described, as well as key features of structure-activity relationships. This review is intended to provide an overview of recent advances in imidazole-based anticancer drug discovery and development, as well as inspire the design and synthesis of new anticancer molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Sharma
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Chris LaRosa
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Janet Antwi
- Division of Mathematics, Computer & Natural Sciences Division, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, OH 43219, USA;
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Karl A. Werbovetz
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (P.S.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
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43
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Al-Mahmoudy A, Hassan A, Ibrahim T, Youssif B, Taher E, Tantawy M, Abdel-Aal E, Osman N. Novel Benzyloxyphenyl Pyrimidine-5-Carbonitrile Derivatives as Potential Apoptotic Antiproliferative Agents. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:978-990. [PMID: 34126912 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210612043812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile had a broad spectrum of biological activities such as antiviral, antioxidant and anticancer activity. Among similar compounds, monastrol being the most prominent due to cell-permeant inhibitor of mitosis therefore, we investigated the new Pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile as a cytotoxic agent for p53 pathway. OBJECTIVE Several new benzyloxyphenyl pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives were designed, synthesized, characterized, and their cytotoxicity was evaluated. The most active compounds were tested for their activity against p53 as a mechanistic target for antiproliferative action. METHOD The key intermediate tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivative 4 was prepared by a multicomponent reaction (MCR) of Biginelli type. S-alkylation of the key intermediate with the required alkyl or aralkyl halides or refluxing 4 with POCl3 followed by an amino acid yielded the target compounds. The cytotoxicity of 5c-e, 7a-c, 9, 10a, b and 11 was evaluated using A549 cell line of human lung adenocarcinoma, HepG2 liver cell line, and MDA-MB-231 cell line of breast cancer using the MTT assay. The transcription effects of 7a, 7c, and 11 on the p53 were assessed and compared with the reference doxorubicin. RESULTS Compounds 7a, 7c, and 11 have the highest cytotoxic effect when applied to most cancer cells. The tested compounds with 5-FU showed a significant increase in the anticancer activity more than 5-FU alone. Compounds 7a, 7c, and 11 increased the level of active caspase 3 by 4-6-fold, compared to untreated control cells in human liver cancer cell line (HepG2). Compounds 7a, 7c, and 11 increase the levels of caspase 8 and 9, indicating activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways and showed potent induction of Bax, down-regulation of Bcl-2 protein levels and over-expression of Cytochrome C levels in HepG2 cell lines. Compound 11 exhibited cell cycle arrest at the Pre-G1 and G2/M phases in the cell cycle analysis of HepG2 cell line. The results revealed an increase of 12.40-19.10 in p53 level compared to the test cells and that p53 protein level of 7a, 7c, and 11 was significantly inductive (636, 861 and 987 pg/mL, respectively) in relation to doxorubicin (1263 pg/mL). CONCLUSION Pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives have potent apoptotic and antiproliferative properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Al-Mahmoudy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519. Egypt
| | - Alaa Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519. Egypt
| | - Tarek Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589. Saudi Arabia
| | - Bahaa Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526. Egypt
| | - Ehab Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, 71524, Assiut. Egypt
| | - Mohamed Tantawy
- Hormones Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza. Egypt
| | - Eatedal Abdel-Aal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519. Egypt
| | - Nermine Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519. Egypt
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ElZahabi HSA, Nafie MS, Osman D, Elghazawy NH, Soliman DH, El-Helby AAH, Arafa RK. Design, synthesis and evaluation of new quinazolin-4-one derivatives as apoptotic enhancers and autophagy inhibitors with potent antitumor activity. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113609. [PMID: 34119830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the design and synthesis of a series of new quinazolin-4-one derivatives, based on the established effectiveness of quinazoline-based small molecules as anticancer agents. Synthesized compounds were more potent against MCF-7 than A-549 with low to submicromolar IC50s. Compound 17 exhibited the best IC50 being equipotent with the positive control doxorubicin (IC50 = 0.06 μM) and better than 5-fluorouracil (IC50 = 2.13 μM). Compound 17 was further tested against MDA-MB-231 and MCF-10A and was found to be > 2 folds more cytotoxic on MCF-7. Significant apoptotic activity was elicited by 17 on MCF-7 where it increased apoptotic cell death along with induction of pre-G1 and G1-phase cell cycle arrest. Similarly, 17 was able to induce apoptosis in MD-MB-231 treated cells associated with a disruption of the cell cycle causing arrest at the pre-G1 and S phases. Investigation of gene expression in MCF-7 demonstrated an increased expression of the proapoptotic genes P53, PUMA, Bax, caspases 3, 8 and 9 and a decrease of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2. Also, 17 reduced autophagy giving way for apoptosis to induce cancer cells death. This latter observation was associated with downregulation of EGFR and its downstream effectors PI3K, AKT and mTor. As its biomolecular target, 17 also inhibited EGFR similar to erlotinib (IC50 = 0.072 and 0.087 μM, respectively). Additionally, in vivo testing in a mouse model of breast cancer affirmed the anti-tumor efficacy of 17. Finally, docking of 17 against EGFR ATP binding site demonstrated its ability to bind with EGFR resembling erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S A ElZahabi
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Girls Branch, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Dina Osman
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, MSA University, Egypt
| | - Nehal H Elghazawy
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Soliman
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Girls Branch, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelghany Ali H El-Helby
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Boys Branch, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Drug Design and Discovery Lab, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, 12578, Egypt.
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Mohamed FAM, Gomaa HAM, Hendawy OM, Ali AT, Farghaly HS, Gouda AM, Abdelazeem AH, Abdelrahman MH, Trembleau L, Youssif BGM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel EGFR inhibitors containing 5-chloro-3-hydroxymethyl-indole-2-carboxamide scaffold with apoptotic antiproliferative activity. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104960. [PMID: 34020242 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
New EGFR inhibitor series of fifteen 5-chloro-3-hydroxymethyl-indole-2-carboxamide derivatives has been designed, synthesized, and tested for antiproliferative activity against a panel of cancer cell lines. The results showed that p-substituted phenethyl derivatives 10, 11, 13, 15 and 17-19 showed superior antiproliferative activity compared to their m-substituted counterparts 12, 14, 16 and 20. Compounds 15, 16, 19 and 20 displayed promising EGFR inhibitory activity as well as an increase in caspase 3 levels. Compounds 15 and 19 increased caspase-8 and 9 levels, as well as inducing Bax and decreasing Bcl-2 protein levels. Compound 19 demonstrated cell cycle arrest at pre-G1 and G2/M phases. The results of the docking study into the active site of EGFR revealed strong fitting of the new compounds with higher binding affinities compared to erlotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma A M Mohamed
- Clinical Laboratory Science Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria-21321, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - O M Hendawy
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Asmaa T Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Hatem S Farghaly
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Gouda
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Abdelazeem
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Mostafa H Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Laurent Trembleau
- School of Natural and Computing Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Meston Building, Aberdeen AB243UE, United Kingdom
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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Hofny HA, Mohamed MFA, Gomaa HAM, Abdel-Aziz SA, Youssif BGM, El-Koussi NA, Aboraia AS. Design, synthesis, and antibacterial evaluation of new quinoline-1,3,4-oxadiazole and quinoline-1,2,4-triazole hybrids as potential inhibitors of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Bioorg Chem 2021; 112:104920. [PMID: 33910078 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (topo IV) inhibitors are among the most interesting antibacterial drug classes without antibacterial pipeline representative. Twenty-four new quinoline-1,3,4-oxadiazole and quinoline-1,2,4-triazole hybrids were developed and tested against DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The most potent compounds 4c, 4e, 4f, and 5e displayed an IC50 of 34, 26, 32, and 90 nM against E. coli DNA gyrase, respectively (novobiocin, IC50 = 170 nM). The activities of 4c, 4e, 4f, and 5e on DNA gyrase from S. aureus were weaker than those on E. coli gyrase. Compound 4e showed IC50 values (0.47 µM and 0.92 µM) against E. coli topo IV and S. aureus topo IV, respectively in comparison to novobiocin (IC50 = 11, 27 µM, respectively). Antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains has been studied. Some compounds have demonstrated superior antibacterial activity to ciprofloxacin against some of the bacterial strain studied. The most active compounds in this study showed no cytotoxic effect with cell viability>86%. Finally, a molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the binding mode and interactions of the most active compounds to the active site of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (topo IV) enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A Hofny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mamdouh F A Mohamed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524 Sohag, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Nawal A El-Koussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Aboraia
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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47
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Abdel-Aziz SA, Taher ES, Lan P, Asaad GF, Gomaa HAM, El-Koussi NA, Youssif BGM. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of new pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives bearing 1,3-thiazole moiety as novel anti-inflammatory EGFR inhibitors with cardiac safety profile. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104890. [PMID: 33872924 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A new series of pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives 8a-p carrying the 1,3-thiazole moiety has been designed and synthesized as novel anti-inflammatory EGFR inhibitors with cardiac and gastric safety profiles. 8a-p have been assessed for their inhibitory activity against COX-1/COX-2 activity. Compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p were found to be potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors (IC50 = 1.03-1.71 μM) relative to celecoxib (IC50 = 0.88 μM). The most potent COX-2 inhibitors have been further investigated for their in-vivo anti-inflammatory effect. Compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p showed anti-inflammatory activity up to 90%, 94% and 86% of meloxicam after 4 h interval. 8h, 8n, and 8p showed higher gastric safety profiles than meloxicam. A substantial reduction in serum concentrations of PGE2, TNF-α, IL-6, iNO and MDA and a significant induction of TAC was also observed. In vivo experiments on heart rate and blood pressure established the cardiovascular safety profile of 8h, 8n, and 8p. Anti-proliferative and wild-type EGFR inhibitory assays displayed similar results to selective COX-2 inhibition where compounds 8h, 8n, and 8p had a superior inhibition than other tested ones. Molecular docking study demonstrated that these compounds revealed similar orientation and binding interactions as selective COX-2 inhibitors with a higher liability to enter the side pocket selectively. Also, they interacted with EGFR tyrosine kinase main amino acids similar to erlotinib with a strong binding energy score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah A Abdel-Aziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt.
| | - Ehab S Taher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 71524, Egypt
| | - Ping Lan
- Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Gihan F Asaad
- Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Dokki-Giza, Egypt
| | - Hesham A M Gomaa
- Pharmacology Department, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal A El-Koussi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61519, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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Mekheimer RA, Hayallah AM, Moustafa MS, Al-Mousawi SM, Abd-Elmonem M, Mostafa SM, Abo Elsoud FA, Sadek KU. Microwave-assisted reactions: Efficient and versatile one-step synthesis of 8-substituted xanthines and substituted pyrimidopteridine-2,4,6,8-tetraones under controlled microwave heating. GREEN PROCESSING AND SYNTHESIS 2021; 10:201-207. [DOI: 10.1515/gps-2021-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
We report herein a simple and efficient one-step synthesis of 8-substituted xanthines and substituted pyrimidopteridine-2,4,6,8-tetraones via reaction of 1,3-dimethyl-5,6-diaminouracil 1 with activated double bond systems 2 assisted by controlled microwave irradiation. The obtained heterocycles are privileged biologically relevant scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa M. Hayallah
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University , Minia , Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University , Assiut 71526 , Egypt
| | - Moustafa Sherief Moustafa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University , P. O. Box 12613 , Safat 13060 , Kuwait
| | - Saleh Mohammed Al-Mousawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University , P. O. Box 12613 , Safat 13060 , Kuwait
| | - Mohamed Abd-Elmonem
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Sara M. Mostafa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
| | - Fatma A. Abo Elsoud
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University , Minia , Egypt
| | - Kamal Usef Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University , Minia 61519 , Egypt
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Brosey CA, Houl JH, Katsonis P, Balapiti-Modarage LPF, Bommagani S, Arvai A, Moiani D, Bacolla A, Link T, Warden LS, Lichtarge O, Jones DE, Ahmed Z, Tainer JA. Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Nsp3 macrodomain structure with insights from human poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) structures with inhibitors. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 163:171-186. [PMID: 33636189 PMCID: PMC7901392 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Arrival of the novel SARS-CoV-2 has launched a worldwide effort to identify both pre-approved and novel therapeutics targeting the viral proteome, highlighting the urgent need for efficient drug discovery strategies. Even with effective vaccines, infection is possible, and at-risk populations would benefit from effective drug compounds that reduce the lethality and lasting damage of COVID-19 infection. The CoV-2 MacroD-like macrodomain (Mac1) is implicated in viral pathogenicity by disrupting host innate immunity through its mono(ADP-ribosyl) hydrolase activity, making it a prime target for antiviral therapy. We therefore solved the structure of CoV-2 Mac1 from non-structural protein 3 (Nsp3) and applied structural and sequence-based genetic tracing, including newly determined A. pompejana MacroD2 and GDAP2 amino acid sequences, to compare and contrast CoV-2 Mac1 with the functionally related human DNA-damage signaling factor poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Previously, identified targetable features of the PARG active site allowed us to develop a pharmacologically useful PARG inhibitor (PARGi). Here, we developed a focused chemical library and determined 6 novel PARGi X-ray crystal structures for comparative analysis. We applied this knowledge to discovery of CoV-2 Mac1 inhibitors by combining computation and structural analysis to identify PARGi fragments with potential to bind the distal ribose and adenosyl pockets of the CoV-2 Mac1 active site. Scaffold development of these PARGi fragments has yielded two novel compounds, PARG-345 and PARG-329, that crystallize within the Mac1 active site, providing critical structure-activity data and a pathway for inhibitor optimization. The reported structural findings demonstrate ways to harness our PARGi synthesis and characterization pipeline to develop CoV-2 Mac1 inhibitors targeting the ADP-ribose active site. Together, these structural and computational analyses reveal a path for accelerating development of antiviral therapeutics from pre-existing drug optimization pipelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris A Brosey
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Jerry H Houl
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Panagiotis Katsonis
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | | | - Shobanbabu Bommagani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Andy Arvai
- Integrative Structural & Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Davide Moiani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Albino Bacolla
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Todd Link
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Leslie S Warden
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Olivier Lichtarge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Darin E Jones
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Zamal Ahmed
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - John A Tainer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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50
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Mohamed AR, El Kerdawy AM, George RF, Georgey HH, Abdel Gawad NM. Design, synthesis and in silico insights of new 7,8-disubstituted-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione derivatives with potent anticancer and multi-kinase inhibitory activities. Bioorg Chem 2020; 107:104569. [PMID: 33387732 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aiming to obtain an efficient anti-proliferative activity, structure- and ligand-based drug design approaches were expanded and utilized to design and refine a small compound library. Subsequently, thirty-two 7,8-disubstituted-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6(3H,7H)-dione derivatives were selected for synthesis based on the characteristic pharmacophoric features required for PI3K and B-Raf oncogenes inhibition. All the synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity. Compounds 17 and 22c displayed an acceptable potent activity according to the DTP-NCI and were further evaluated in the NCI five doses assay. To validate our design, compounds with the highest mean growth inhibition percent were screened against the target PI3Kα and B-RafV600E to confirm their multi-kinase activity. The tested compounds showed promising multi-kinase activity. Compounds 17 and 22c anticancer effectiveness and multi-kinase activity against PI3Kα and B-RafV600E were consolidated by the inhibition of B-RafWT, EGFR and VEGFR-2 with IC50 in the sub-micromolar range. Further investigations on the most potent compounds 17 and 22c were carried out by studying their safety on normal cell line, in silico profiling and predicted ADME characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdalla R Mohamed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M El Kerdawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Giza University, New Giza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riham F George
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt.
| | - Hanan H Georgey
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University for Sustainable Development, Cairo 11777, Egypt
| | - Nagwa M Abdel Gawad
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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