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Yan R, Liu L, Huang X, Quan ZS, Shen QK, Guo HY. Bioactivities and Structure-Activity Relationships of Maslinic Acid Derivatives: A Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301327. [PMID: 38108648 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Maslinic acid has a variety of biological activities, such as anti-tumor, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-parasitic. In order to enhance the biological activity of maslinic acid, scholars have carried out a lot of structural modifications, and found some more valuable maslinic acid derivatives. In this paper, the structural modification, biological activity, and structure-activity relationship of maslinic acid were reviewed, providing references for the development of maslinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Luguang Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 440 Jiyan Road, Jinan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhe-Shan Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Qing-Kun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hong-Yan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
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Luque C, de la Cabeza Fernández M, Fuentes-Rios D, Cepero A, Contreras-Cáceres R, Doña M, Perazzoli G, Lozano-Chamizo L, Filice M, Marciello M, Gonzalez-Rumayor V, López-Romero JM, Cabeza L, Melguizo C, Prados J. Improved antitumor activity through a tyramidyl maslinic acid derivative. Design and validation as drug-loaded electrospun polymeric nanofibers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 193:241-253. [PMID: 37972906 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Among the most harmful tumors detected in the human body, such as breast, colon, brain or pancreas, breast (BC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) are the first and third most frequent cancer worldwide, respectively. The current existing chemotherapeutic treatments present serious side effects due to their intravenous administration can induce cytotoxicity in healthy cells. Thus, new treatment methods based on drug-loaded polymeric nanofibers (NFs) have gained significant potential for their use in localized cancer chemotherapy. Here, a deep in vitro comparative analysis between maslinic acid (MA) and a tyramine-maslinic acid (TMA) derivative is initially performed. This analysis includes a proliferation, and a cell cycle assay, and a genotoxicity, antiangiogenic and apoptosis study. Then, the TMA derivative has been incorporated into electrospun polymeric NFs obtaining an implantable dressing material with antitumor activity. Two types of patches containing TMA-loaded polymeric NFs of poly(caprolactone) (PCL), and a mixture of polylactic acid/poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PLA/PVP) were fabricated by the electrospinning technique. The characterization of the drug-loaded NFs showed an encapsulation capacity of 0.027 mg TMA/mg PCL and 0.024 mg TMA/mg PLA/PVP. Then, the cytotoxic activity of both polymeric systems was tested in CRC (T84), BC (MCF-7) and a no tumor (L929) cell lines exposed to TMA-loaded NFs and blank NFs for 48 h. Moreover, cell cycle assay, genotoxicity, angiogenesis and apoptosis tests were carried out to study the mechanism of action of TMA. Blank NFs showed no-toxicity in all cell lines tested and both drug-loaded NFs significantly reduced cell proliferation (relative proliferation of ≈44 % and ≈25 % respectively). Therefore, TMA was less genotoxic than maslinic acid (MA), and reduced VEGFA expression in MCF-7 cells (1.32 and 2.12-fold for MA and TMA respectively). These results showed that TMA-loaded NFs could constitute a promising biocompatible and biodegradable nanoplatform for the local treatment of solid tumors such as CRC or BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Luque
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - María de la Cabeza Fernández
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - David Fuentes-Rios
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Cepero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | | | - Manuel Doña
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Gloria Perazzoli
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Laura Lozano-Chamizo
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; Atrys Health, E-28001 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco Filice
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marzia Marciello
- Nanobiotechnology for Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Chemistry in Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain.
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
| | - José Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, Granada 18100, Spain; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada 18071, Spain; Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs. GRANADA), Granada 18014, Spain
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Asiatic acid as a leading structure for derivatives combining sub-nanomolar cytotoxicity, high selectivity, and the ability to overcome drug resistance in human preclinical tumor models. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 250:115189. [PMID: 36780832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Amides and rhodamine B conjugates of different pentacyclic triterpene acids have been shown outstanding cytotoxicity for human tumor cells. Starting from asiatic acid, a new rhodamine B hybrid has been synthesized, and its cytotoxic activity was investigated employing several human tumor cell lines (A375 (melanoma), HT29 (colorectal carcinoma), MCF7 (breast adenocarcinoma), A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), HeLa (cervical carcinoma), (NIH 3T3 (non-malignant murine fibroblasts). For these conjugates of this kind it has been established that the spacer attached to the carboxyl group at ring E governs the magnitude of the cytotoxicity. These asiatic acid - rhodamine B conjugates were highly cytotoxic for human tumor cell lines but also selective. For example, 7, an acetylated homopiperazinyl spacered rhodamine B conjugate, held an EC50 = 0.8 nM for A2780 ovarian carcinoma cells. Additional staining experiments showed the rhodamine B conjugates to act as mitocans and to effect apoptosis. In further tests using 3D spheroid models of colorectal- and mamma carcinoma, 7 demonstrated activity in the lower nanomolar range and the ability to overcome resistance to clinically used standard chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore 7 induces cytotoxic effects leading to an equal response in the chemotherapy of both sensitive and resistant tumor models. Analyses of mitochondrial function and glycolysis and respiration derived ATP production confirmed compound 7 to act as mitocan but also revealed a rapid perturbation of the cellular energy metabolism as the primary mechanism of action, which is completely different to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs and thereby explains the ability of compound 7 to overcome chemotherapeutic drug resistance.
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Maslinic Acid Supplementation during the In Vitro Culture Period Ameliorates Early Embryonic Development of Porcine Embryos by Regulating Oxidative Stress. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13061041. [PMID: 36978582 PMCID: PMC10044061 DOI: 10.3390/ani13061041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
As a pentacyclic triterpene, MA exhibits effective free radical scavenging capabilities. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of MA on porcine early-stage embryonic development, oxidation resistance and mitochondrial function. Our results showed that 1 μM was the optimal concentration of MA, which resulted in dramatically increased blastocyst formation rates and improvement of blastocyst quality of in vitro-derived embryos from parthenogenetic activation (PA) and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). Further analysis indicated that MA supplementation not only significantly decreased the abundance of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and dramatically increased the abundance of intracellular reductive glutathione (GSH) in porcine early-stage embryos, but also clearly attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, Western blotting showed that MA supplementation upregulated OCT4 (p < 0.01), SOD1 (p < 0.0001) and CAT (p < 0.05) protein expression in porcine early-stage embryos. Collectively, our data reveal that MA supplementation exerts helpful effects on porcine early embryo development competence via regulation of oxidative stress (OS) and amelioration of mitochondrial function and that MA may be useful for increasing the in vitro production (IVP) efficiency of porcine early-stage embryos.
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Yu L, Xie X, Cao X, Chen J, Chen G, Chen Y, Li G, Qin J, Peng F, Peng C. The Anticancer Potential of Maslinic Acid and Its Derivatives: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3863-3879. [PMID: 34526766 PMCID: PMC8437384 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still an insurmountable problem for humans and critically attacking human health. In recent years, natural products have gained increasing attention in the field of anti-tumor due to their extensive sources and minimal side effects. Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid mainly derived from the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has been confirmed to possess great anti-cancer effects. This paper reviewed the inhibitory effect of MA and its derivatives on lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, lymphatic, leukemia, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and bladder cancer, among others. MA inhibited the proliferation of various tumor cells and showed lower IC50 values in melanoma 518A2 cells and gastric cancer MKN28 cells compared with other cell lines. A series of semi-synthetic derivatives obtained by modifying MA chemical structure have been shown to have high cytotoxicity to human tumor cell lines, but low cytotoxicity to non-malignant cells, which is conducive to developing its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent. These studies suggest that MA derivatives have broad prospects in the development of antitumor therapeutics in the future and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Brandes B, Koch L, Hoenke S, Deigner HP, Csuk R. The presence of a cationic center is not alone decisive for the cytotoxicity of triterpene carboxylic acid amides. Steroids 2020; 163:108713. [PMID: 32795453 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
3-O-Acetyl-ursolic acid (2) and 3-O-acetyl oleanolic acid (8) were converted into piperazinylamides holding a distal NH, NMe or a NMe2 group. These compounds as well as the corresponding N-methyl-N-oxides were accessed. Their cytotoxicity was assessed in SRB assays employing a panel of human tumor cell lines and non-malignant fibroblasts (NIH 3T3). As a result, compounds holding a quaternary distal N-substituent were less cytotoxic that those holding a NH-moiety. Hence, the presence of a distal cationic center seems not to be a sufficient criterion for obtaining triterpenoids of high cytotoxicity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Brandes
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Lukas Koch
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sophie Hoenke
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Furtwangen University, Medical and Life Sciences Faculty, Jakob-Kienzle Str. 17, D-78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Meng T, Qin QP, Chen ZL, Zou HH, Wang K, Liang FP. Cyclometalated Ir(III)-8-oxychinolin complexes acting as red-colored probes for specific mitochondrial imaging and anticancer drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112192. [PMID: 32146374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A new class of luminescent IrIII antitumor agents, namely, [Ir(CP1)(PY1)2] (Ir-1), [Ir(CP1)(PY2)2] (Ir-2), [Ir(CP1)(PY4)2] (Ir-3), [Ir(CP2)(PY1)2] (Ir-4), [Ir(CP2)(PY4)2] (Ir-5), [Ir(CP3)(PY1)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-6), [Ir(CP4)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-7), [Ir(CP5)(PY2)2] (Ir-8), [Ir(CP5)(PY4)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-9), [Ir(CP6)(PY1)2] (Ir-10), [Ir(CP6)(PY2)2]⋅CH3OH (Ir-11), [Ir(CP6)(PY3)2] (Ir-12), [Ir(CP6)(PY41)2] (Ir-13), and [Ir(CP7)(PY1)2] (Ir-14), supported by 8-oxychinolin derivatives and 1-phenylpyrazole ligands was prepared. Compared with SK-OV-3/DDP and HL-7702 cells, the Ir-1-Ir-14 compounds exhibited half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values within the high nanomolar range (50 nM-10.99 μM) in HeLa cells. In addition, Ir-1 and Ir-3 accumulated and stained the mitochondrial inner membrane of HeLa cells with high selectivity and exhibited a high antineoplastic activity in the entire cervical HeLa cells, with IC50 values of 1.22 ± 0.36 μM and 0.05 ± 0.04 μM, respectively. This phenomenon induced mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that these cyclometalated IrIII complexes can be potentially used in biomedical imaging and Ir(III)-based anticancer drugs. Furthermore, the high cytotoxicity activity of Ir-3 is correlated with the 1-phenylpyrazole (H-PY4) secondary ligands in the luminescent IrIII antitumor complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Meng
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Lab of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin, 537000, PR China.
| | - Zi-Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China
| | - Hua-Hong Zou
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China.
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Fu-Pei Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yucai Road, Guilin, 541004, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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