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Patil BR, Bhadane KV, Ahmad I, Agrawal YJ, Shimpi AA, Dhangar MS, Patel HM. Exploring the structural activity relationship of the Osimertinib: A covalent inhibitor of double mutant EGFR L858R/T790M tyrosine kinase for the treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 109:117796. [PMID: 38879996 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2024.117796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The USFDA granted regular approval to Osimertinib (AZD9291) on March 2017, for treating individuals with metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer having EGFR T790M mutation. Clinically, Osimertinib stands at the forefront for the treatment of patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Osimertinib forms a covalent bond with the Cys797 residue and predominantly spares binding to WT-EGFR, thereby reducing toxicity and enabling the administration of doses that effectively inhibit T790M. However, a high percentage of patients treated with Osimertinib (AZD9291) developed a tertiary cysteine797 to serine797 (C797S) mutation in the EGFR kinase domain, rendering resistance to it. This comprehensive review sheds light on the chemistry, computational aspects, structural features, and expansive spectrum of biological activities of Osimertinib and its analogues. The in-depth exploration of these facets serves as a valuable resource for medicinal chemists, empowering them to design better Osimertinib analogues. This exhaustive study not only provides insights into improving potency but also emphasizes considerations for mutant selectivity and optimizing pharmacokinetic properties. This review acts as a guiding beacon for the strategic design and development of next-generation Osimertinib analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhatu R Patil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Kunal V Bhadane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Yogesh J Agrawal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Amit A Shimpi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Mayur S Dhangar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India
| | - Harun M Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, Maharashtra 4254, India.
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2
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Duan L, Chu C, Huang X, Yao H, Wen J, Chen R, Wang C, Tu Y, Lv Q, Pan Q, Xu S. Rational design and synthesis of 2,4-dichloro-6-methyl pyrimidine derivatives as potential selective EGFR T790M/L858R inhibitors for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300736. [PMID: 38381049 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Many patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) initially benefit from epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeted therapy. Unfortunately, varying degrees of resistance or side effects eventually develop. Overcoming and preventing the resistance and side effects of EGFR inhibitors has become a hot topic of research today. Based on the previous studies on AZD-9291, we designed and synthesized two series of 2,4-dichloro-6-methylpyrimidine derivatives, 19 compounds in total, as potential inhibitors of the EGFR kinase. The most promising compound, L-18, showed better inhibitory activity (81.9%) and selectivity against EGFRT790M/L858R kinase. In addition, L-18 showed strong antiproliferative activity against H1975 cells with an IC50 value of 0.65 ± 0.06 μM and no toxicity to normal cells (LO-2). L-18 was able to dose-dependently induce the apoptosis of H1975 cells and produced a cell-cycle-blocking effect, and it can also dose-dependently inhibit the migration and invasion of H1975 cells. L-18 also showed in vivo anticancer efficacy in H1975 cells xenograft mice. We also performed a series of in vivo and in vitro toxicological evaluations of compound L-18, which did not cause obvious injury in mice during administration. These results suggest that L-18 may be a promising drug candidate that warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Duan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cilong Chu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaoling Huang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huizhi Yao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Caolin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanbiao Tu
- Cancer Research Center, Jangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiaoli Lv
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Jiangxi Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Pan
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Feng R, Zhen YQ, Wu D, Sun L, Xu JB, Li X, Zhang L, Gao F. Late-stage modification of complex drug: Base-controlled Pd-catalyzed regioselective synthesis and bioactivity of arylated osimertinibs. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0026. [PMID: 38457511 PMCID: PMC10923520 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Achieving regioselective synthesis in complex molecules with multiple reactive sites remains a tremendous challenge in synthetic chemistry. Regiodivergent palladium-catalyzed C─H arylation of complex antitumor drug osimertinib with various aryl bromides via the late-stage functionalization strategy was demonstrated here. This reaction displayed a switch in regioselectivity under complete base control. Potassium carbonate (K2CO3) promoted the arylation of acrylamide terminal C(sp2)-H, affording 34 derivatives. Conversely, sodium tert-butoxide (t-BuONa) mediated the aryl C(sp2)-H arylation of the indole C2 position, providing 27 derivatives. The derivative 3r containing a 3-fluorophenyl group at the indole C2 position demonstrated similar inhibition of EGFRT790M/L858R and superior antiproliferative activity in H1975 cells compared to osimertinib, as well as similar antiproliferative activity in A549 cells and antitumor efficacy in xenograft mouse model bearing H1975 cells. This approach provides a "one substrate-multi reactions-multiple products" strategy for the structural modification of complex drug molecules, creating more opportunities for the fast screening of pharmaceutical molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Feng
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Qi Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Dongbo Wu
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, P.R. China
| | - Lian Sun
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Bu Xu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China
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4
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An B, Fan Y, Li W, Nie W, Nie H, Wang M, Feng J, Yao H, Zhang Y, Li X, Tian G. Discovery of potent and effective inhibitors containing sulfoxide structures targeting EML4-ALK rearrangement and EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106653. [PMID: 37302317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
For non-small cell lung cancer patients with dual mutations in EGFR and ALK, there are currently no effective therapies. Consequently, novel EGFR/ALK dual-target inhibitors are urgently needed for the treatment of NSCLC. Here, we designed a series of highly effective small molecule dual inhibitors of ALK and EGFR. The biological evaluation highlighted that most of these new compounds could effectively inhibit both ALK and EGFR in enzymatic and cellular assays. Compound (+)-8l was investigated for its antitumor properties, and it was found that (+)-8l blocked the phosphorylation of EGFR and ALK induced by ligands and inhibited phosphorylation-ERK and phosphorylation-AKT induced by ligands. Furthermore, (+)-8l also induces apoptosis and G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in cancer cells and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion. Notably, (+)-8l significantly suppressed tumor growth in the H1975 cell-inoculated xenograft model (20 mg/kg/d, TGI: 96.11%), PC9 cell-inoculated xenograft model (20 mg/kg/d, TGI: 96.61%) and EML4 ALK-Baf3 cell-inoculated xenograft model (30 mg/kg/d, TGI: 80.86%). These results highlight the differentiated potential of (+)-8l to inhibit ALK rearrangement and EGFR mutation in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baijiao An
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Yangyang Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenyan Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Haoran Nie
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Jie Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Han Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Xingshu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Geng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Molecular Targeting and Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
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5
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Pal R, Teli G, Sengupta S, Maji L, Purawarga Matada GS. An outlook of docking analysis and structure-activity relationship of pyrimidine-based analogues as EGFR inhibitors against non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-17. [PMID: 37642992 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Almost 80% of lung cancer diagnoses each year correspond to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The percentage of NSCLC with EGFR overexpression ranges from 40% to 89%, with squamous tumors showing the greatest rates (89%) and adenocarcinomas showing the lowest rates (41%). Therefore, in NSCLC therapy, blocking the EGFR-driven pathway by inhibiting the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR has exhibited significant improvement. In this view, several small molecules particularly pyrimidine/fused pyrimidine scaffolds were intended for molecular hybridization to develop EGFR-TK inhibitors. However, the associated limitation such as resistance and genetic mutation along with adverse effects, constrained the long-term treatment and effectiveness of such medication. Therefore, in recent years, pyrimidine derivatives were uncovered as potential EGFR TKIs. The present review summarised the research progress of EGFR TKIs to dazed structure-activity relationship, biological evaluation, and comparative docking studies of pyrimidine compounds. We have added the comparative docking analysis followed by the molecular simulation study against the four different PDBs of EGFR to strengthen the already existing research. Docking analysis unfolded that compound 14 resulted as noticeable with all different PDB and managed to interact with some of the crucial amino acid residues. From a future perspective, researchers must develop a more selective inhibitor, that can selectively target the mutation. Our review will support medicinal chemists in the direction of the development of novel pyrimidine-based EGFR TKIs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Pal
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ghanshyam Teli
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sindhuja Sengupta
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalmohan Maji
- Integrated Drug Discovery Centre, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Acharya & BM Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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6
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He J, Luo L, Xu S, Yang F, Zhu W. Pyrrole-based EGFR inhibitors for the treatment of NCSLC: Binding modes and SARs investigations. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:195-217. [PMID: 36394145 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has made substantial progress due to the rapid development of small molecule targeted therapy, with dramatically prolonged survival. As an effective drug for the treatment of NSCLC, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors are currently experiencing issues like severe adverse events and drug resistance. It is urgent to develop novel types of EGFR inhibitors to overcome the abovementioned limitations. Pyrrole always works well as a probe for the creation of novel medication candidates for hard-to-treat conditions like lung cancer. Although the design, synthesis, and biological assays of pyrrole derivatives have been reported, their inhibitory actions against the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) EGFR have not been in-depthly studied. This review highlights the small molecule EGFR inhibitors containing pyrrole heterocyclic pharmacophores in recent years, and the research on their mechanism, biological activity, and structure-activity relationship (SAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie He
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Leixuan Luo
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shidi Xu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Feiyi Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wufu Zhu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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7
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Sun L, Feng R, Zhen YQ, Hou ZR, Li X, Shan LH, Gao F. Exploration of anti-tumor activity of erlotinib derivatives enabled by a Pd-catalyzed late-stage Sonogashira reaction. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Anandu KR, Jayan AP, Aneesh TP, Saiprabha VN. Pyrimidine derivatives as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC: - A comprehensive review. Chem Biol Drug Des 2022; 100:599-621. [PMID: 35883248 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
EGFR positive NSCLC due to primary mutation (EGFR DEL19 & L858R) has been recognized as a crucial mediator of tumor progression. This led to the development and approval of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors which addresses EGFR mediated NSCLC but fail to show potency after initial months of therapy due to acquired resistance (EGFR T790M, EGFR C797S). Extensive research allowed identification of drugs for EGFR positive NSCLC, wherein the majority of compounds have a pyrimidine substructure offering marked therapeutic benefits compared to chemotherapy. This current review outlines the diverse pyrimidine derivatives with amino-linked and fused pyrimidine scaffolds such as furo-pyrimidine, pyrimido-pyrimidine, thieno-pyrimidine, highlighting pyrimidine EGFR TK inhibitors reported in research emphasizing structural aspects, design approaches, inhibition potential. selectivity profile towards mutant EGFR conveyed through biological evaluation studies. Furthermore, mentioning the in-silico interaction profile of synthesized compounds for evaluating the binding affinity with key amino acids. The epilogue of review focuses on the recent research that drives forward to aid in the discovery and development of substituted amino and fused scaffolds of pyrimidine that can counteract the mutations and effectively manage EGFR positive NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- K R Anandu
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Ajay P Jayan
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - T P Aneesh
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - V N Saiprabha
- Amrita School of Pharmacy, AIMS Health Sciences Campus, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
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Hassanin MA, Mustafa M, Abourehab MAS, Hassan HA, Aly OM, Beshr EAM. Design and Synthesis of New Hydantoin Acetanilide Derivatives as Anti-NSCLC Targeting EGFRL858R/T790M Mutations. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070857. [PMID: 35890154 PMCID: PMC9317481 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), its wild type and mutations L858R/T790M, is overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and is considered an inevitable oncology target. However, while the potential EGFR inhibitors have been represented in the literature, their cellular activity failed to establish broad potency against EGFR and its mutations. This study identifies a new series of EGFRL858R/T790M inhibitors bearing hydantoin acetanilides. Most compounds revealed strong antiproliferative activity in a range of NSCL cancer models (A549, H1975, and PC9), in which 5a and 5f were the most potent. Compounds 5a and 5f possessed potent anticancer activity on H1975 cells with IC50 values of 1.94 and 1.38 µM, respectively, compared to 9.70 µM for erlotinib. Favorably, 5a and 5f showed low activity on WI-38 normal cells. Western blotting and an EGFR kinase assay test proved the significant EGFR inhibitory activity of 5a. Besides, active hydantoin derivative 5a strongly arrested the cell cycle at the sub G1 and S phases and triggered apoptosis in A549 cells. These results imply that 5a could be considered a promising lead compound for additional development as a potential active agent for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moamen A. Hassanin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (H.A.H.); (E.A.M.B.)
| | - Muhamad Mustafa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia 61111, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (M.M.); or (O.M.A.); Tel.: +20-1007620894 (M.M.); +20-1065607771 (O.M.A.)
| | - Mohammed A. S. Abourehab
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Heba A. Hassan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (H.A.H.); (E.A.M.B.)
| | - Omar M. Aly
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (M.M.); or (O.M.A.); Tel.: +20-1007620894 (M.M.); +20-1065607771 (O.M.A.)
| | - Eman A. M. Beshr
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt; (M.A.H.); (H.A.H.); (E.A.M.B.)
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Barreca M, Ingarra AM, Raimondi MV, Spanò V, De Franco M, Menilli L, Gandin V, Miolo G, Barraja P, Montalbano A. Insight on pyrimido[5,4-g]indolizine and pyrimido[4,5-c]pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine systems as promising photosensitizers on malignant cells. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 237:114399. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Kurkowiak M, Grasso G, Faktor J, Scheiblecker L, Winniczuk M, Mayordomo MY, O'Neill JR, Oster B, Vojtesek B, Al-Saadi A, Marek-Trzonkowska N, Hupp TR. An integrated DNA and RNA variant detector identifies a highly conserved three base exon in the MAP4K5 kinase locus. RNA Biol 2021; 18:2556-2575. [PMID: 34190025 PMCID: PMC8632122 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2021.1932345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA variants that emerge from editing and alternative splicing form important regulatory stages in protein signalling. In this report, we apply an integrated DNA and RNA variant detection workbench to define the range of RNA variants that deviate from the reference genome in a human melanoma cell model. The RNA variants can be grouped into (i) classic ADAR-like or APOBEC-like RNA editing events and (ii) multiple-nucleotide variants (MNVs) including three and six base pair in-frame non-canonical unmapped exons. We focus on validating representative genes of these classes. First, clustered non-synonymous RNA edits (A-I) in the CDK13 gene were validated by Sanger sequencing to confirm the integrity of the RNA variant detection workbench. Second, a highly conserved RNA variant in the MAP4K5 gene was detected that results most likely from the splicing of a non-canonical three-base exon. The two RNA variants produced from the MAP4K5 locus deviate from the genomic reference sequence and produce V569E or V569del isoform variants. Low doses of splicing inhibitors demonstrated that the MAP4K5-V569E variant emerges from an SF3B1-dependent splicing event. Mass spectrometry of the recombinant SBP-tagged MAP4K5V569E and MAP4K5V569del proteins pull-downs in transfected cell systems was used to identify the protein-protein interactions of these two MAP4K5 isoforms and propose possible functions. Together these data highlight the utility of this integrated DNA and RNA variant detection platform to detect RNA variants in cancer cells and support future analysis of RNA variant detection in cancer tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kurkowiak
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Giuseppa Grasso
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Jakub Faktor
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.,Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lisa Scheiblecker
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Małgorzata Winniczuk
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marcos Yebenes Mayordomo
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.,University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - J Robert O'Neill
- Cambridge Oesophagogastric Centre, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bodil Oster
- QIAGEN Aarhus, Silkeborgvej 2, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Borek Vojtesek
- Research Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ali Al-Saadi
- University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Natalia Marek-Trzonkowska
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.,Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Cellular Therapies, Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ted R Hupp
- International Centre for Cancer Vaccine Science (ICCVS), University of Gdańsk, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.,University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh Cancer Research Centre, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
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12
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Ayati A, Moghimi S, Toolabi M, Foroumadi A. Pyrimidine-based EGFR TK inhibitors in targeted cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 221:113523. [PMID: 33992931 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant improvements of new treatment options, cancer continues to represent as one of the most common and fatal disease. The EGFR signaling pathway is considered as a significant approach in targeted therapy of cancers. Blocking the EGFR-driven pathway by inhibiting the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of EGFR have shown considerable improvement in cancer therapy. In an effort to identify EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), several small molecules especially pyrimidine containing derivatives have been designed by applying molecular simulation and evaluated the emergence of epigenetic mutation and resistance problems restricted the long-term effectiveness of such medication and explained the need for further investigations in this field. In recent years, the studies have been focused on genetic alterations on EGFR tyrosine kinase domain, which led to the design and synthesis of more selective and effective inhibitors. Herein, we give an overview of the importance and status of EGFR inhibitors in cancer therapy. In addition, we provide an update of the recent advances in design, discovery and development of novel pyrimidine containing compounds as promising selective EGFR TK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adileh Ayati
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Moghimi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Toolabi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Toxicology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Foroumadi
- Drug Design and Development Research Center, The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Faktor J, Grasso G, Zavadil Kokas F, Kurkowiak M, Mayordomo MY, Kote S, Singh A, Ruidong L, O'Neill JR, Muller P, Goodlett D, Vojtesek B, Hupp T. The effects of p53 gene inactivation on mutant proteome expression in a human melanoma cell model. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2020; 1864:129722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2020.129722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Li J, An B, Song X, Zhang Q, Chen C, Wei S, Fan R, Li X, Zou Y. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel 2,4-diaryl pyrimidine derivatives as selective EGFR L858R/T790M inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 212:113019. [PMID: 33429247 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths. It has been demonstrated that epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) are efficacious in patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In this work, a new series of 2,4-diaryl pyrimidine derivatives containing cyclopropyl moiety were designed, synthesized and evaluated as novel selective EGFRL858R/T790M inhibitors. The most promising compound, 8l demonstrated excellent kinase inhibitory activity against EGFR double mutation with IC50 value of 0.26 nM. Moreover, 8l provided strong activity against H1975 cells with IC50 value of 0.008 μM and exhibited little toxicity toward four non-tumorigenic cell lines. Furthermore, 8l showed potent anti-tumor efficacy in a murine EGFRL858R/T790M-driven H1975 xenograft model. These results indicated that 8l may be a promising drug candidate for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Baijiao An
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xianheng Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Qianzhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chun Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shuxian Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Runzhu Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xingshu Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510000, PR China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou 510000, PR China.
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15
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Zhang X, Han X, Zuo P, Zhang X, Xu H. CEACAM5 stimulates the progression of non-small-cell lung cancer by promoting cell proliferation and migration. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520959478. [PMID: 32993395 PMCID: PMC7536504 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520959478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To detect the expression of CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5) in
non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and explore its function in the
progression and development of NSCLC. Methods qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect CEACAM5 expression
in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines. The correlation between CEACAM5
expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with NSCLC was
also investigated. MTT, colony formation, wound healing, and immunoblot
assays were performed to detect the functions of CEACAM5 in NSCLC cells
in vitro, and immunoblotting was used to detect the
effects of CEACAM5 on p38–Smad2/3 signaling. Results CEACAM5 expression was elevated in human NSCLC tissues and cells. We further
found that CEACAM expression was correlated with clinicopathological
features including T division, lymph invasion, and histological grade in
patients with NSCLC. The in vitro assays confirmed that
CEACAM5 depletion inhibited the proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells
by activating p38–Smad2/3 signaling. We verified the involvement of CEACAM5
in the suppression of NSCLC tumor growth in mice. Conclusion CEACAM5 stimulated the progression of NSCLC by promoting cell proliferation
and migration in vitro and in vivo.
CEACAM5 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of
NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwen Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xingbao Han
- Department of Urology, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Pengli Zuo
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Clinical Lab, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Hongbang Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Linyi Central Hospital, Linyi, China
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16
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Hui TH, Shao X, Au DW, Cho WC, Lin Y. Detection of the mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition of invasive non-small cell lung cancer cells by their membrane undulation spectra. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29999-30006. [PMID: 35518210 PMCID: PMC9056320 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A cancer cell changes its state from being epithelial- to mesenchymal-like in a dynamic manner during tumor progression. For example, it is well known that mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) is essential for cancer cells to regain the capability of seeding on and then invading secondary/tertiary regions. However, there is no fast yet reliable method for detecting this transition. Here, we showed that membrane undulation of invasive cancer cells could be used as a novel marker for MET detection, both in invasive model cell lines and repopulated circulating tumor cells (rCTCs) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Specifically, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), it was found that the surface oscillation spectra of different cancer cells, after undergoing MET, all exhibited two distinct peaks from 0.001 to 0.007 Hz that are absent in the spectra before MET. In addition, by adopting the long short-term memory (LSTM) based recurrent neural network learning algorithm, we showed that the positions of recorded membrane undulation peaks can be used to predict the occurrence of MET in invasive NSCLC cells with high accuracy (>90% for model cell lines and >80% for rCTCs when benchmarking against the conventional bio-marker vimentin). These findings demonstrate the potential of our approach in achieving rapid MET detection with a much reduced cell sample size as well as quantifying changes in the mesenchymal level of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Hui
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - X Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
| | - D W Au
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - W C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Y Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China .,HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI) Shenzhen Guangdong China
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