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Gimmon A, Sherker L, Kojukarov L, Zaknoun M, Lior Y, Fadel T, Schuster R, Lewis EC, Silberstein E. Accelerated Wound Border Closure Using a Microemulsion Containing Non-Inhibitory Recombinant α1-Antitrypsin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137364. [PMID: 35806370 PMCID: PMC9266325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound healing requires a non-compromising combination of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory processes. Human α1-antitrypsin (hAAT), a circulating glycoprotein that rises during acute-phase responses and during healthy pregnancies, is tissue-protective and tolerance-inducing; although anti-inflammatory, hAAT enhances revascularization. hAAT blocks tissue-degrading enzymes, including neutrophil elastase; it is, therefore, unclear how wound healing might improve under hAAT-rich conditions. Here, wound healing was examined in the presence of recombinant hAAT (hAATWT) and protease-inhibition-lacking hAAT (hAATCP). The impact of both hAAT forms was determined by an epithelial cell gap closure assay, and by excisional skin injuries via a microemulsion optimized for open wounds. Neutrophilic infiltration was examined after 8 h. According to results, both hAAT forms accelerated epithelial gap closure and excisional wound closure, particularly at early time points. Unlike dexamethasone-treated wounds, both resulted in closed borders at the 8-h time point. In untreated and hAATCP-treated wounds, leukocytic infiltrates were widespread, in hAATWT-treated wounds compartmentalized and in dexamethasone-treated wounds, scarce. Both hAAT forms decreased interleukin-1β and increased VEGF gene expression. In conclusion hAAT improves epithelial cell migration and outcomes of in vivo wounds irrespective of protease inhibition. While both forms of hAAT allow neutrophils to infiltrate, only native hAAT created discrete neutrophilic tissue clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alon Gimmon
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Lior Sherker
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Lena Kojukarov
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Melodie Zaknoun
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Yotam Lior
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Tova Fadel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Ronen Schuster
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Eli C. Lewis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 8410501, Israel; (A.G.); (L.S.); (L.K.); (M.Z.); (Y.L.); (T.F.); (R.S.); (E.C.L.)
| | - Eldad Silberstein
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva 8410101, Israel
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-8-640-0880
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