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Sun Q, Yu W, Gong M, Ma J, Liu G, Mei T, Luo X. Xanthine oxidase immobilized cellulose membrane-based colorimetric biosensor for screening and detecting the bioactivity of xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133450. [PMID: 38944077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a typical target for hyperuricemia and gout, for which there are only three commercial xanthine oxidase inhibitors (XOIs): febuxostat, topiroxostat and allopurinol. However, these inhibitors have problems such as low bioactivity and several side effects. Therefore, the development of novel XOIs with high bioactivity for the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout is urgently needed. In this work we constructed a XO immobilized cellulose membrane colorimetric biosensor (XNCM) by the TEMPO oxidation, amide bond coupling and nitro blue tetrazolium chloride (NBT) loading method. As expected, the XNCM was able to detect xanthine, with high selectivity and sensitivity by colorimetric method with a distinctive color change from yellow to purple, which can be easily observed by the naked-eye in just 8 min without any complex instrumentation. In addition, the XNCM sensor performed screening of 21 different compounds and have been successfully pre-screened out XOIs with biological activity. Most importantly, the XNCM was able to quantitatively detect the IC50 values of two commercial inhibitors (febuxostat and allopurinol). All the results confirmed that the XNCM is a simple and effective tool which can be used for the accelerated screening of XOIs and has the potential to uncover additional XOIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Wenlong Yu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Mixue Gong
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Jingfang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China
| | - Genyan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
| | - Tao Mei
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, PR China.
| | - Xiaogang Luo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Key Laboratory of Novel Biomass-based Environmental and Energy Materials in Petroleum, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, PR China.
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Zhang L, Yang Y, Yang Y, Xiao Z. Discovery of Novel Metalloenzyme Inhibitors Based on Property Characterization: Strategy and Application for HDAC1 Inhibitors. Molecules 2024; 29:1096. [PMID: 38474606 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metalloenzymes are ubiquitously present in the human body and are relevant to a variety of diseases. However, the development of metalloenzyme inhibitors is limited by low specificity and poor drug-likeness associated with metal-binding fragments (MBFs). A generalized drug discovery strategy was established, which is characterized by the property characterization of zinc-dependent metalloenzyme inhibitors (ZnMIs). Fifteen potential Zn2+-binding fragments (ZnBFs) were identified, and a customized pharmacophore feature was defined based on these ZnBFs. The customized feature was set as a required feature and applied to a search for novel inhibitors for histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1). Ten potential HDAC1 inhibitors were recognized, and one of them (compound 9) was a known potent HDAC1 inhibitor. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of our strategy to identify novel inhibitors for zinc-dependent metalloenzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Department of Toxicology, Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China
| | - Yajun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhiyan Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substance Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Sun ZG, Wu KX, Ullah I, Zhu HL. Recent Advances in Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1177-1186. [PMID: 37711003 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230913091558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Uric acid is a product of purine nucleotide metabolism, and high concentrations of uric acid can lead to hyperuricemia, gout and other related diseases. Xanthine oxidase, the only enzyme that catalyzes xanthine and hypoxanthine into uric acid, has become a target for drug development against hyperuricemia and gout. Inhibition of xanthine oxidase can reduce the production of uric acid, so xanthine oxidase inhibitors are used to treat hyperuricemia and related diseases, including gout. In recent years, researchers have obtained new xanthine oxidase inhibitors through drug design, synthesis, or separation of natural products. This paper summarizes the research on xanthine oxidase inhibitors since 2015, mainly including natural products, pyrimidine derivatives, triazole derivatives, isonicotinamide derivatives, chalcone derivatives, furan derivatives, coumarin derivatives, pyrazole derivatives, and imidazole derivatives, hoping to provide valuable information for the research and development of novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Sun
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi, 276400, China
| | - Kai-Xiang Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, No. 133 Hehua Road, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Inam Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Linyi Central Hospital, No. 17 Jiankang Road, Linyi, 276400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, No. 163 Xianlin Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
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Yang YS, Wang B, Liu J, Li Q, Jiao QC, Qin P. Discovery of coumaric acid derivatives hinted by coastal marine source to seek for uric acid lowering agents. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2163241. [PMID: 36629443 PMCID: PMC9848256 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2163241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel compounds Spartinin C1-C24 were screened, synthesised and evaluated for inhibiting xanthine oxidase thus lowering serum uric acid level. The backbones were derived from the components of coastal marine source Spartina alterniflora and marketed drugs. The top hits Spartinin C10 & C22 suggested high inhibition percentages (78.54 and 93.74) at 10 μM dosage, which were higher than the positive control Allopurinol. They were low cytotoxic onto human normal hepatocyte cells. Treatment with Spartinin C10 could lower the serum uric acid level to 440.0 μM in the hyperuricemic model mice (723.0 μM), comparable with Allopurinol (325.8 μM). Spartinin C10 was more appreciated than Allopurinol on other serum indexes. The preliminary pharmacokinetics evaluation indicated that the rapid absorption, metabolism and elimination of Spartinin C10 should be further improved. The discovery of pharmaceutical molecules from coastal marine source here might inspire the inter-disciplinary investigations on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,Research and Development Center, Nanjing Shibeitai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China,Yu-Shun Yang State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qin-Cai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,CONTACT Qin-Cai Jiao
| | - Pei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China,Research and Development Center, Nanjing Shibeitai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China,Pei Qin
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Qi X, Chen H, Guan K, Sun Y, Wang R, Li Q, Ma Y. Novel xanthine oxidase inhibitory peptides derived from whey protein: identification, in vitro inhibition mechanism and in vivo activity validation. Bioorg Chem 2022; 128:106097. [PMID: 35985156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
As the development of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout continues to accelerate worldwide, there is increasing interest in the use of xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors as therapeutic agents for the management of HUA and gout. In the present study, XO inhibitory peptides were identified from whey protein isolate (WPI) hydrolysates, and the underlying inhibitory mechanism and in vivo activities was investigated. WPI hydrolysates were isolated and purified, and two peptides (ALPM and LWM) with lower binding energy were screened by molecular docking. The result showed that these two peptides interacted with residues around the active site of XO through hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interaction. The IC50 values of ALPM and LWM were 7.23 ± 0.22 and 5.01 ± 0.31 mM, respectively. According to the Lineweaver-Burk curve, the inhibition types of ALPM and LWM were non-competitive inhibition. Circular dichroism (CD) spectra indicated ALPM and LWM could change the secondary structure of XO. Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that XO-peptide complexes were more stable and compact than XO. Moreover, animal studies have shown that ALPM and LWM have anti-hyperuricemia effects in vivo. This study suggested that ALPM and LWM can be considered as natural XO inhibitors for the treatment of HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Haoran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kaifang Guan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Rongchun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiming Li
- New Hope Dairy Co, Ltd, Chengdu 610063, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Yang YS, Wang B, Zhou KM, Liu J, Jiao QC, Qin P. Discovery of derivatives from Spartina alterniflora-sourced moiety as xanthine oxidase inhibitors to lower uric acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 73:128907. [PMID: 35902063 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, hit compounds Spartinin F1-F20 sharing the Spartina alterniflora-sourced ferulic acid backbone were synthesized and evaluated on inhibiting xanthine oxidase and lowering uric acid level. The top hit Spartinin F2 exhibited inhibition percentages at 10 μM dosage as high as 84.48 (higher than that of the positive control allopurinol) and low cyto-toxicity. Spartinin F2 inferred potential efficiency in lowering the serum UA level (from 631.6 μM to 295.0 μM), which was comparable with allopurinol (to 309.2 μM). Spartinin F2 was also beneficial for other serum indexes. The bioavailability of Spartinin F2 was 63.71% from the preliminary pharmacokinetics test and the molecular docking simulation indicated that except for retaining the hydrogen bonds with the key residues such as THR 1010 and LYS 771, the introduction of the π-sulfur interactions via the sulfonate might also be beneficial for developing more potent XO inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research and Development Center, Nanjing Shibeitai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210003, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang-Min Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junzhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Qin-Cai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Pei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Research and Development Center, Nanjing Shibeitai Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210003, China.
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Novel quinoline-based derivatives: A new class of PDE4B inhibitors for adjuvant-induced arthritis. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114497. [PMID: 35660249 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A total of 31 quinoline-based derivatives were designed and synthesized to develop novel anti-inflammatory drugs. After the toxicity of synthetic compounds to RAW264.7 cells were evaluated in vitro, their anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production levels in the RAW264.7 cells. Among the derivatives, compound f4 had the best anti-inflammatory activity, which could reduce the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines NO, IL-1β, and TNF-α with corresponding IC50 values of 20.40 ± 0.94, 18.98 ± 0.21 and 23.48 ± 0.46 μM. Western blot showed that f4 could inhibit the expression of LPS-induced inflammatory mediators iNOS and COX-2. Molecular docking showed that f4 could also enter the PDE4B receptor binding pocket, and the cellular thermal shift assay method indicated that the PDE4B protein bound to f4 had increased stability. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect of this compound on the PDE4B enzyme (IC50 = 0.94 ± 0.36 μM) was comparable to that of the positive drug rolipram (IC50 = 1.04 ± 0.28 μM). Finally, in vivo studies showed that f4 could improve the degree of foot swelling and knee joint pathology in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats and decrease the levels of serum inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β in a dose-dependent manner. Therefore, the development and design of quinoline-based derivatives for anti-inflammatory applications could be considered opportunities and challenges.
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