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Tosh DK, Calkins MM, Ivancich MS, Bock HA, Campbell RG, Lewicki SA, Chen E, Gao ZG, McCorvy JD, Jacobson KA. Structure activity relationships of 5-HT 2B and 5-HT 2C serotonin receptor antagonists: N 6, C2 and 5'-Modified (N)-methanocarba-adenosine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115691. [PMID: 37562117 PMCID: PMC10529765 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
(N)-Methanocarba adenosine derivatives were structurally modified to target 5-HT2B serotonin receptors as antagonists, predominantly containing branched N6-alkyl groups. N6-Dicycloalkyl-methyl groups, including their asymmetric variations, as well as 2-iodo, were found to generally favor 5-HT2Rs, while only N6-dicyclohexyl-methyl derivative 35 showed weak 5-HT2AR affinity (Ki 3.6 μM). The highest 5-HT2BR affinities were Ki 11-23 nM (N6-dicyclopropyl-methyl-2-iodo 11, 2-chloro-5'-deoxy-5'-methylthio 15 and N6-((R)-cyclobuty-cyclopropyl-methyl)-2-iodo 43), and Ki 73 nM at 5-HT2CR for 36. Direct comparison of adenine ribosides and their corresponding rigid (N)-methanocarba derivatives (cf. 51 and MRS8099 45) indicated a multifold affinity enhancement with the bicyclic ring system. Compounds 43, 45 and 48 were functional 5-HT2BR (KB 2-3 nM) and 5-HT2CR (KB 79-328 nM) antagonists in a Gq-mediated calcium flux assay, with 5-HT2BR functional selectivity ranging from 45- (48) to 113-fold (43). Substantial adenosine receptor (AR) affinity (Ki, A1AR < Ki, A3AR < Ki, A2AAR) was still present in this series, suggestive of dual acting compounds: 5-HT2B antagonist and A1AR agonist, potentially useful for treating chronic conditions (fibrosis; pain). Given its affinity (17 nM) and moderate 5-HT2BR binding selectivity (32-fold vs. 5-HT2CR, 4-fold vs. A1AR), 43 (MRS7925) could potentially be useful for anti-fibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilip K Tosh
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Maggie M Calkins
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Marko S Ivancich
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Hailey A Bock
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Ryan G Campbell
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sarah A Lewicki
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Eric Chen
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Zhan-Guo Gao
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - John D McCorvy
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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Zhu H, Wang R, Hua H, Cheng Y, Guo Y, Qian H, Du P. Network Pharmacology Exploration Reveals Gut Microbiota Modulation as a Common Therapeutic Mechanism for Anti-Fatigue Effect Treated with Maca Compounds Prescription. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081533. [PMID: 35458095 PMCID: PMC9026883 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maca compounds prescription (MCP) is a common botanical used in dietary supplements, primarily to treat exercise-induced fatigue. The aim of this study is to elucidate the multi-target mechanism of MCP on fatigue management via network pharmacology and gut microbiota analysis. Databases and literature were used to screen the chemical compounds and targets of MCP. Subsequently, 120 active ingredients and 116 fatigue-related targets played a cooperative role in managing fatigue, where several intestine-specific targets indicated the anti-fatigue mechanism of MCP might be closely related to its prebiotics of intestinal bacteria. Thus, forced swimming tests (FSTs) were carried and mice fecal samples were collected and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Gut microbiota were beneficially regulated in the MCP-treated group in phylum, genus and OTU levels, respectively, and that with a critical correlation included Lactobacillus and Candidatus Planktophila. The results systematically reveal that MCP acts against fatigue on multi-targets with different ingredients and reshapes the gut microbial ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkang Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Ruoyong Wang
- Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China;
| | - Hanyi Hua
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - Yahui Guo
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
| | - He Qian
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (H.Z.); (H.H.); (Y.C.); (Y.G.)
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (P.D.); Tel.: +86-13951588662 (H.Q.); +86-010-66927220 (P.D.)
| | - Peng Du
- Air Force Medical Center, PLA, Beijing 100142, China;
- Correspondence: (H.Q.); (P.D.); Tel.: +86-13951588662 (H.Q.); +86-010-66927220 (P.D.)
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