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Klarić ML, Marić T, Žunić L, Trgovec-Greif L, Rokić F, Fiolić A, Šorgić AM, Ježek D, Vugrek O, Jakovčević A, Barbalić M, Belužić R, Katušić Bojanac A. FANCM Gene Variants in a Male Diagnosed with Sertoli Cell-Only Syndrome and Diffuse Astrocytoma. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:707. [PMID: 38927643 PMCID: PMC11202954 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Azoospermia is a form of male infertility characterized by a complete lack of spermatozoa in the ejaculate. Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS) is the most severe form of azoospermia, where no germ cells are found in the tubules. Recently, FANCM gene variants were reported as novel genetic causes of spermatogenic failure. At the same time, FANCM variants are known to be associated with cancer predisposition. We performed whole-exome sequencing on a male patient diagnosed with SCOS and a healthy father. Two compound heterozygous missense mutations in the FANCM gene were found in the patient, both being inherited from his parents. After the infertility assessment, the patient was diagnosed with diffuse astrocytoma. Immunohistochemical analyses in the testicular and tumor tissues of the patient and adequate controls showed, for the first time, not only the existence of a cytoplasmic and not nuclear pattern of FANCM in astrocytoma but also in non-mitotic neurons. In the testicular tissue of the SCOS patient, cytoplasmic anti-FANCM staining intensity appeared lower than in the control. Our case report raises a novel possibility that the infertile carriers of FANCM gene missense variants could also be prone to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tihana Marić
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.Š.); (D.J.)
| | - Lucija Žunić
- Genom Ltd., Ilica 190, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.L.K.); (L.Ž.); (A.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Lovro Trgovec-Greif
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.-G.); (F.R.); (O.V.)
| | - Filip Rokić
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.-G.); (F.R.); (O.V.)
| | - Ana Fiolić
- Genom Ltd., Ilica 190, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.L.K.); (L.Ž.); (A.F.); (M.B.)
| | - Ana Merkler Šorgić
- Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.Š.); (D.J.)
| | - Davor Ježek
- Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.Š.); (D.J.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Oliver Vugrek
- Laboratory for Advanced Genomics, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (L.T.-G.); (F.R.); (O.V.)
| | - Antonia Jakovčević
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Barbalić
- Genom Ltd., Ilica 190, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.L.K.); (L.Ž.); (A.F.); (M.B.)
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Rudjera Bošković 33, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Robert Belužić
- Laboratory for Metabolism and Aging, Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ana Katušić Bojanac
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Šalata 3, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Center of Excellence for Reproductive and Regenerative medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (A.M.Š.); (D.J.)
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Tam A, Li YR, Williams T, Yoon S. Grade 5 Radiation Necrosis After Whole-Brain Radiation Therapy. Pract Radiat Oncol 2024; 14:87-92. [PMID: 38431371 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Whole-brain radiation treatment is often considered for patients with leptomeningeal disease. There are limited reports of the development of radiation necrosis after whole-brain radiation treatment and fewer associating the presence of germline mutations with risk. We present a case report to highlight the need for consideration of radiosensitizing mutations when recommending radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Yun Rose Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California; Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Terence Williams
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California; Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Stephanie Yoon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope National Cancer Center, Duarte, California.
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Ng JY, Warwick L, Craft P, Austen L, Ashford B, Gorddard N, Ballinger ML, Thomas DM, Blombery P, Tucker K, Polizzotto MN. Myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple solid tumours in an individual with compound heterozygous deleterious FANCM variants: A case report and review of the literature. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:481-484. [PMID: 37608704 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yen Ng
- Department of Haematology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Linda Warwick
- ACT Genetic Service, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Paul Craft
- Department of Oncology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Lynette Austen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Bruce Ashford
- Department of Surgery, Wollongong Hospital, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole Gorddard
- Department of Oncology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Mandy L Ballinger
- Cancer Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- Cancer Theme, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Piers Blombery
- Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathy Tucker
- Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark N Polizzotto
- Department of Haematology, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Tsui V, Lyu R, Novakovic S, Stringer JM, Dunleavy JE, Granger E, Semple T, Leichter A, Martelotto LG, Merriner DJ, Liu R, McNeill L, Zerafa N, Hoffmann ER, O’Bryan MK, Hutt K, Deans AJ, Heierhorst J, McCarthy DJ, Crismani W. Fancm has dual roles in the limiting of meiotic crossovers and germ cell maintenance in mammals. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100349. [PMID: 37601968 PMCID: PMC10435384 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Meiotic crossovers are required for accurate chromosome segregation and producing new allelic combinations. Meiotic crossover numbers are tightly regulated within a narrow range, despite an excess of initiating DNA double-strand breaks. Here, we reveal the tumor suppressor FANCM as a meiotic anti-crossover factor in mammals. We use unique large-scale crossover analyses with both single-gamete sequencing and pedigree-based bulk-sequencing datasets to identify a genome-wide increase in crossover frequencies in Fancm-deficient mice. Gametogenesis is heavily perturbed in Fancm loss-of-function mice, which is consistent with the reproductive defects reported in humans with biallelic FANCM mutations. A portion of the gametogenesis defects can be attributed to the cGAS-STING pathway after birth. Despite the gametogenesis phenotypes in Fancm mutants, both sexes are capable of producing offspring. We propose that the anti-crossover function and role in gametogenesis of Fancm are separable and will inform diagnostic pathways for human genomic instability disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Tsui
- DNA Repair and Recombination Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruqian Lyu
- Bioinformatics and Cellular Genomics, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Stevan Novakovic
- DNA Repair and Recombination Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica M. Stringer
- Ovarian Biology Laboratory, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica E.M. Dunleavy
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Group, School of BioSciences and the Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Elissah Granger
- DNA Repair and Recombination Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim Semple
- Single Cell Innovation Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Anna Leichter
- Single Cell Innovation Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Luciano G. Martelotto
- Single Cell Innovation Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Research, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - D. Jo Merriner
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Group, School of BioSciences and the Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruijie Liu
- Bioinformatics and Cellular Genomics, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lucy McNeill
- DNA Repair and Recombination Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Nadeen Zerafa
- Ovarian Biology Laboratory, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eva R. Hoffmann
- DNRF Center for Chromosome Stability, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Moira K. O’Bryan
- Male Infertility and Germ Cell Biology Group, School of BioSciences and the Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karla Hutt
- Ovarian Biology Laboratory, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Deans
- The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Genome Stability Unit, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Jörg Heierhorst
- The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Molecular Genetics Unit, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
| | - Davis J. McCarthy
- Bioinformatics and Cellular Genomics, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Integrative Genomics, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Wayne Crismani
- DNA Repair and Recombination Laboratory, St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- The Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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