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Peiffer C, Brombal L, Maughan Jones CJ, Arfelli F, Astolfo A, Dreossi D, Endrizzi M, Hagen CK, Mazzolani A, Menk R, Rigon L, Olivo A, Munro PRT. On the equivalence of the X-ray scattering retrieval with beam tracking and analyser-based imaging using a synchrotron source. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D: APPLIED PHYSICS 2023; 56:45LT02. [PMID: 37601626 PMCID: PMC10437003 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/acee8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI) methods give access to contrast mechanisms that are based on the refractive properties of matter on top of the absorption coefficient in conventional x-ray imaging. Ultra small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS) is a phase contrast mechanism that arises due to multiple refraction events caused by physical features of a scale below the physical resolution of the used imaging system. USAXS contrast can therefore give insight into subresolution structural information, which is an ongoing research topic in the vast field of different XPCI techniques. In this study, we quantitatively compare the USAXS signal retrieved by the beam tracking XPCI technique with the gold standard of the analyzer based imaging XPCI technique using a synchrotron x-ray source. We find that, provided certain conditions are met, the two methods measure the same quantity.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Peiffer
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - L Brombal
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - C J Maughan Jones
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - F Arfelli
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Astolfo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - D Dreossi
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, S. S. 14 km 163.5, 34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
| | - M Endrizzi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - C K Hagen
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - A Mazzolani
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - R Menk
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA, S. S. 14 km 163.5, 34012 Basovizza (TS), Italy
- Department of Computer and Electrical Engineering, Midsweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - L Rigon
- Department of Physics, University of Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Trieste, Via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - A Olivo
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - P R T Munro
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
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Yashiro W, Noda D, Kajiwara K. Effect of insufficient temporal coherence on visibility contrast in X-ray grating interferometry. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:1012-1027. [PMID: 29401974 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.001012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
X-ray grating interferometry, which has been spotlighted in the last decade as a multi-modal X-ray imaging technique, can provide three independent images, i.e., absorption, differential-phase, and visibility-contrast images. We report on a cause of the visibility contrast, an effect of insufficient temporal coherence, that can be observed when continuous-spectrum X-rays are used. This effect occurs even for a sample without unresolvable random structures, which are known as the main causes of visibility contrast. We performed an experiment using an acrylic cylinder and quantitatively explained the visibility contrast due to this effect.
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Modregger P, Cremona TP, Benarafa C, Schittny JC, Olivo A, Endrizzi M. Small angle x-ray scattering with edge-illumination. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30940. [PMID: 27491917 PMCID: PMC4974648 DOI: 10.1038/srep30940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sensitivity to sub-pixel sample features has been demonstrated as a valuable capability of phase contrast x-ray imaging. Here, we report on a method to obtain angular-resolved small angle x-ray scattering distributions with edge-illumination- based imaging utilizing incoherent illumination from an x-ray tube. Our approach provides both the three established image modalities (absorption, differential phase and scatter strength), plus a number of additional contrasts related to unresolved sample features. The complementarity of these contrasts is experimentally validated by using different materials in powder form. As a significant application example we show that the extended complementary contrasts could allow the diagnosis of pulmonary emphysema in a murine model. In support of this, we demonstrate that the properties of the retrieved scattering distributions are consistent with the expectation of increased feature sizes related to pulmonary emphysema. Combined with the simplicity of implementation of edge-illumination, these findings suggest a high potential for exploiting extended sub-pixel contrasts in the diagnosis of lung diseases and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Modregger
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - Tiziana P. Cremona
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Berne, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Charaf Benarafa
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Berne, Freiestrasse 1, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Johannes C. Schittny
- Institute of Anatomy, University of Berne, Baltzerstrasse 2, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alessandro Olivo
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Endrizzi
- Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT London, United Kingdom
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Yashiro W, Momose A. Effects of unresolvable edges in grating-based X-ray differential phase imaging. OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 23:9233-9251. [PMID: 25968757 DOI: 10.1364/oe.23.009233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated effects of unresolvable sharp edges on images obtained in a grating-based X-ray differential phase imaging technique. Results of numerical calculations for monochromatic X-rays show that an unresolvable sharp edge generates not only differential-phase contrast but also visibility contrast. The latter shows that the visibility contrast has another major origin other than ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering (USAXS) from randomly distributed unresolvable microstructures, which has been considered the main origin for the contrast. The effects were experimentally confirmed using a synchrotron X-ray source.
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Modregger P, Kagias M, Peter S, Abis M, Guzenko VA, David C, Stampanoni M. Multiple scattering tomography. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:020801. [PMID: 25062159 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.020801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple scattering represents a challenge for numerous modern tomographic imaging techniques. In this Letter, we derive an appropriate line integral that allows for the tomographic reconstruction of angular resolved scattering distributions, even in the presence of multiple scattering. The line integral is applicable to a wide range of imaging techniques utilizing various kinds of probes. Here, we use x-ray grating interferometry to experimentally validate the framework and to demonstrate additional structural sensitivity, which exemplifies the impact of multiple scattering tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Modregger
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and Centre d'Imagerie BioMédicale, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matias Kagias
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, UZH/ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Peter
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, UZH/ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matteo Abis
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, UZH/ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vitaliy A Guzenko
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Christian David
- Laboratory for Micro- and Nanotechnology, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Marco Stampanoni
- Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland and Institute for Biomedical Engineering, UZH/ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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Horn F, Bayer F, Pelzer G, Rieger J, Ritter A, Weber T, Zang A, Michel T, Anton G. Analysis of a deconvolution-based information retrieval algorithm in X-ray grating-based phase-contrast imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1117/12.2043907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Meinel FG, Schwab F, Yaroshenko A, Velroyen A, Bech M, Hellbach K, Fuchs J, Stiewe T, Yildirim AÖ, Bamberg F, Reiser MF, Pfeiffer F, Nikolaou K. Lung tumors on multimodal radiographs derived from grating-based X-ray imaging--a feasibility study. Phys Med 2013; 30:352-7. [PMID: 24316287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to assess whether grating-based X-ray imaging may have a role in imaging of pulmonary nodules on radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS A mouse lung containing multiple lung tumors was imaged using a small-animal scanner with a conventional X-ray source and a grating interferometer for phase-contrast imaging. We qualitatively compared the signal characteristics of lung nodules on transmission, dark-field and phase-contrast images. Furthermore, we quantitatively compared signal characteristics of lung tumors and the adjacent lung tissue and calculated the corresponding contrast-to-noise ratios. RESULTS Of the 5 tumors visualized on the transmission image, 3/5 tumors were clearly visualized and 1 tumor was faintly visualized in the dark-field image as areas of decreased small angle scattering. In the phase-contrast images, 3/5 tumors were clearly visualized, while the remaining 2 tumors were faintly visualized by the phase-shift occurring at their edges. No additional tumors were visualized in either the dark-field or phase-contrast images. Compared to the adjacent lung tissue, lung tumors were characterized by a significant decrease in transmission signal (median 0.86 vs. 0.91, p = 0.04) and increase in dark-field signal (median 0.71 vs. 0.65, p = 0.04). Median contrast-to-noise ratios for the visualization of lung nodules were 4.4 for transmission images and 1.7 for dark-field images (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Lung nodules can be visualized on all three radiograph modalities derived from grating-based X-ray imaging. However, our initial data suggest that grating-based multimodal X-ray imaging does not increase the sensitivity of chest radiographs for the detection of lung nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix G Meinel
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany.
| | - Felix Schwab
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Andre Yaroshenko
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Astrid Velroyen
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Bech
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany; Medical Radiation Physics, Lund University, 22185 Lund, Sweden
| | - Katharina Hellbach
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Jeanette Fuchs
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Philipps-University Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Molecular Oncology Unit, Philipps-University Marburg, D-35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Ali Ö Yildirim
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Institute of Lung Biology and Disease, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Maximilian F Reiser
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany
| | - Franz Pfeiffer
- Department of Physics and Institute of Medical Engineering, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München, Germany
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