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Schneider T, Malaise D, Pouzoulet F, Prezado Y. Orthovoltage X-ray Minibeam Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Ocular Tumours-An In Silico Evaluation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030679. [PMID: 36765637 PMCID: PMC9913874 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Radiotherapeutic treatments of ocular tumors are often challenging because of nearby radiosensitive structures and the high doses required to treat radioresistant cancers such as uveal melanomas. Although increased local control rates can be obtained with advanced techniques such as proton therapy and stereotactic radiosurgery, these modalities are not always accessible to patients (due to high costs or low availability) and side effects in structures such as the lens, eyelids or anterior chamber remain an issue. Minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) could represent a promising alternative in this regard. MBRT is an innovative new treatment approach where the irradiation field is composed of multiple sub-millimetric beamlets, spaced apart by a few millimetres. This creates a so-called spatial fractionation of the dose which, in small animal experiments, has been shown to increase normal tissue sparing while simultaneously providing high tumour control rates. Moreover, MBRT with orthovoltage X-rays could be easily implemented in widely available and comparably inexpensive irradiation platforms. (2) Methods: Monte Carlo simulations were performed using the TOPAS toolkit to evaluate orthovoltage X-ray MBRT as a potential alternative for treating ocular tumours. Dose distributions were simulated in CT images of a human head, considering six different irradiation configurations. (3) Results: The mean, peak and valley doses were assessed in a generic target region and in different organs at risk. The obtained doses were comparable to those reported in previous X-ray MBRT animal studies where good normal tissue sparing and tumour control (rat glioma models) were found. (4) Conclusions: A proof-of-concept study for the application of orthovoltage X-ray MBRT to ocular tumours was performed. The simulation results encourage the realisation of dedicated animal studies considering minibeam irradiations of the eye to specifically assess ocular and orbital toxicities as well as tumour response. If proven successful, orthovoltage X-ray minibeams could become a cost-effective treatment alternative, in particular for developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Schneider
- Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Denis Malaise
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institut Curie, 75005 Paris, France
- LITO, INSERM U1288, Institut Curie, PSL University, 91898 Orsay, France
| | - Frédéric Pouzoulet
- LITO, INSERM U1288, Institut Curie, PSL University, 91898 Orsay, France
- Département de Recherche Translationnelle, CurieCoreTech-Experimental Radiotherapy (RadeXp), Institut Curie, PSL University, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Yolanda Prezado
- Institut Curie, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation Radiobiologie et Cancer, 91400 Orsay, France
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Gomes ER, Franco MS. Combining Nanocarrier-Assisted Delivery of Molecules and Radiotherapy. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010105. [PMID: 35057001 PMCID: PMC8781448 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is responsible for a significant proportion of death all over the world. Therefore, strategies to improve its treatment are highly desired. The use of nanocarriers to deliver anticancer treatments has been extensively investigated and improved since the approval of the first liposomal formulation for cancer treatment in 1995. Radiotherapy (RT) is present in the disease management strategy of around 50% of cancer patients. In the present review, we bring the state-of-the-art information on the combination of nanocarrier-assisted delivery of molecules and RT. We start with formulations designed to encapsulate single or multiple molecules that, once delivered to the tumor site, act directly on the cells to improve the effects of RT. Then, we describe formulations designed to modulate the tumor microenvironment by delivering oxygen or to boost the abscopal effect. Finally, we present how RT can be employed to trigger molecule delivery from nanocarriers or to modulate the EPR effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Rocha Gomes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Marina Santiago Franco
- Department of Radiation Sciences (DRS), Institute of Radiation Medicine (IRM), 85764 München, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-3187-48767
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Bazyar S, O’Brien ET, Benefield T, Roberts VR, Kumar RJ, Gupta GP, Zhou O, Lee YZ. Immune-Mediated Effects of Microplanar Radiotherapy with a Small Animal Irradiator. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:155. [PMID: 35008319 PMCID: PMC8750301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatially fractionated radiotherapy has been shown to have effects on the immune system that differ from conventional radiotherapy (CRT). We compared several aspects of the immune response to CRT relative to a model of spatially fractionated radiotherapy (RT), termed microplanar radiotherapy (MRT). MRT delivers hundreds of grays of radiation in submillimeter beams (peak), separated by non-radiated volumes (valley). We have developed a preclinical method to apply MRT by a commercial small animal irradiator. Using a B16-F10 murine melanoma model, we first evaluated the in vitro and in vivo effect of MRT, which demonstrated significant treatment superiority relative to CRT. Interestingly, we observed insignificant treatment responses when MRT was applied to Rag-/- and CD8-depleted mice. An immuno-histological analysis showed that MRT recruited cytotoxic lymphocytes (CD8), while suppressing the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs). Using RT-qPCR, we observed that, compared to CRT, MRT, up to the dose that we applied, significantly increased and did not saturate CXCL9 expression, a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the attraction of activated T cells. Finally, MRT combined with anti-CTLA-4 ablated the tumor in half of the cases, and induced prolonged systemic antitumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soha Bazyar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland, Maryland, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Edward Timothy O’Brien
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Thad Benefield
- Department of Radiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | | | - Rashmi J. Kumar
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Gaorav P. Gupta
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Otto Zhou
- Department of Applied Physics Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
| | - Yueh Z. Lee
- Department of Radiology, The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA;
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA
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Sotiropoulos M, Brisebard E, Le Dudal M, Jouvion G, Juchaux M, Crépin D, Sebrie C, Jourdain L, Labiod D, Lamirault C, Pouzoulet F, Prezado Y. X-rays minibeam radiation therapy at a conventional irradiator: Pilot evaluation in F98-glioma bearing rats and dose calculations in a human phantom. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 27:44-49. [PMID: 33511291 PMCID: PMC7817429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2021.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Minibeam radiation therapy (MBRT) is a type of spatial fractionated radiotherapy that uses submillimetric beams. This work reports on a pilot study on normal tissue response and the increase of the lifespan of glioma-bearing rats when irradiated with a tabletop x-ray system. Our results show a significant widening of the therapeutic window for brain tumours treated with MBRT: an important proportion of long-term survivals (60%) coupled with a significant reduction of toxicity when compared with conventional (broad beam) irradiations. In addition, the clinical translation of the minibeam treatment at a conventional irradiator is evaluated through a possible human head treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marios Sotiropoulos
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation radiobiologie et cancer, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Elise Brisebard
- Institut Pasteur, Neuropathologie Expérimentale, 75015 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Histopathologie, VetAgro-Sup, Université de Lyon, Marcy l’Etoile, Lyon, France
| | - Marine Le Dudal
- Institut Pasteur, Neuropathologie Expérimentale, 75015 Paris, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Biopôle, Unité d’Histologie, d’Embryologie et d’Anatomie Pathologique Université Paris-Est, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Gregory Jouvion
- Institut Pasteur, Neuropathologie Expérimentale, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Marjorie Juchaux
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation radiobiologie et cancer, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Crépin
- Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab-UMR 9012), CNRS/Université Paris-Saclay/Université de Paris, Campus Universitaire, Orsay, France
| | - Catherine Sebrie
- BIOMAPS Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 91401 ORSAY, France
| | - Laurene Jourdain
- BIOMAPS Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Inserm, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, 91401 ORSAY, France
| | - Dalila Labiod
- Translational Research Department, Experimental Radiotherapy Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, University Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Charlotte Lamirault
- Translational Research Department, Experimental Radiotherapy Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, University Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Frederic Pouzoulet
- Translational Research Department, Experimental Radiotherapy Platform, Institut Curie, PSL Research University, University Paris Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Yolanda Prezado
- Institut Curie, Université PSL, CNRS UMR3347, Inserm U1021, Signalisation radiobiologie et cancer, 91400 Orsay, France
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