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Ronzoni S, Boucoiran I, Yudin MH, Coolen J, Pylypjuk C, Melamed N, Holden AC, Smith G, Barrett J. Directive clinique n o 430 : Diagnostic et prise en charge de la rupture prématurée des membranes avant terme. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:1209-1225.e1. [PMID: 36202728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIF Fournir des directives claires et concises pour le diagnostic et la prise en charge de la rupture prématurée des membranes avant terme (RPMAT). POPULATION CIBLE Toute patiente manifestant une rupture prématurée des membranes avant 37 semaines d'aménorrhée. BéNéFICES, RISQUES ET COûTS: La présente directive clinique vise à fournir les premières recommandations générales canadiennes sur la prise en charge de la rupture des membranes avant terme. Elle repose sur un examen complet et à jour des données probantes sur le diagnostic de la rupture et sur la prise en charge, le bon moment et les modes d'accouchement. DONNéES PROBANTES: Des recherches ont été effectuées dans PubMed-Medline et Cochrane en 2021 en utilisant les termes suivants : preterm premature rupture of membranes, PPROM, chorioamnionitis, Nitrazine test, ferning, commercial tests, PAMG-1, IGFBP-1 test, ultrasonography, PPROM/antenatal corticosteroids, PPROM/Magnesium sulphate, PPROM/antibiotic treatment, PPROM/tocolysis, PPROM/preterm labour, PPROM/neonatal outcomes, PPROM/mortality, PPROM/outpatient/inpatient, PPROM/cerclage, previable PPROM. Les articles retenus sont des essais cliniques randomisés, des méta-analyses, des revues systématiques, des directives cliniques et des études observationnelles. D'autres publications pertinentes ont été sélectionnées à partir des notices bibliographiques de ces articles. Seuls les articles en anglais ont été examinés. MéTHODES DE VALIDATION: Les auteurs ont évalué la qualité des données probantes et la force des recommandations en utilisant le cadre méthodologique GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation). Voir l'annexe A (tableau A1 pour les définitions et tableau A2 pour l'interprétation des recommandations fortes et faibles). PROFESSIONNELS CONCERNéS: Tous les fournisseurs de soins de santé prénatale ou périnatale. DÉCLARATIONS SOMMAIRES: RECOMMANDATIONS.
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Ronzoni S, Boucoiran I, Yudin MH, Coolen J, Pylypjuk C, Melamed N, Holden AC, Smith G, Barrett J. Guideline No. 430: Diagnosis and management of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes. JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY CANADA 2022; 44:1193-1208.e1. [PMID: 36410937 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogc.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide clear and concise guidelines for the diagnosis and management of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) TARGET POPULATION: All patients with PPROM <37 weeks gestation BENEFITS, HARMS, AND COSTS: This guideline aims to provide the first Canadian general guideline on the management of preterm membrane rupture. It includes a comprehensive and up-to-date review of the evidence on the diagnosis, management, timing and method of delivery. EVIDENCE The following search terms were entered into PubMed/Medline and Cochrane in 2021: preterm premature rupture of membranes, PPROM, chorioamnionitis, Nitrazine test, ferning, commercial tests, placental alpha microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1) test, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) test, ultrasonography, PPROM/antenatal corticosteroids, PPROM/Magnesium sulphate, PPROM/ antibiotic treatment, PPROM/tocolysis, PPROM/preterm labour, PPROM/Neonatal outcomes, PPROM/mortality, PPROM/outpatient/inpatient, PPROM/cerclage, previable PPROM. Articles included were randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, guidelines, and observational studies. Additional publications were identified from the bibliographies of these articles. Only English-language articles were reviewed. VALIDATION METHODS The authors rated the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. See Appendix A (Tables A1 for definitions and A2 for interpretations of strong and weak recommendations). INTENDED AUDIENCE All prenatal and perinatal health care providers. SUMMARY STATEMENTS RECOMMENDATIONS.
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Liu D, Wu L, Luo J, Li S, Liu Y, Zhang C, Zeng L, Yu Q, Zhang L. Developing a Core Outcome Set for the Evaluation of Antibiotic Use in Prelabor Rupture of Membranes: A Systematic Review and Semi-Structured Interview. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:915698. [PMID: 35979236 PMCID: PMC9376915 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.915698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) is associated with maternal and neonatal infections. Although guidelines suggest prophylactic antibiotics for pregnant women with PROM, the optimal antibiotic regimen remains controversial. Synthesizing the data from different studies is challenging due to variations in reported outcomes. Objective: This study aimed to form the initial list of outcomes for the core outcome set (COS) that evaluates antibiotic use in PROM by identifying all existing outcomes and patients’ views. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, and VIP databases. We also screened the references of the included studies as a supplementary search. We extracted basic information from the articles and the outcomes. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data, extracted the outcomes, and grouped them into domains. Then, semi-structured interviews based on the potential factors collected by the systematic review were conducted at West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University. Pregnant women who met the diagnostic criteria for PROM were enrolled. Participants reported their concerns about the outcomes. Two researchers identified the pregnant women’s concerns. Results: A total of 90 studies were enrolled in this systematic review. The median outcomes in the included studies was 7 (1–31), and 109 different unique outcomes were identified. Pre-term PROM (PPROM) had 97 outcomes, and term PROM (TPROM) had 70 outcomes. The classification and order of the core outcome domains of PPROM and TPROM were consistent. The physiological domain was the most common for PPROM and TPROM outcomes. Furthermore, 35.1 and 57.1% outcomes were only reported once in PPROM and TPROM studies, respectively. Thirty pregnant women participated in the semi-structured interviews; 10 outcomes were extracted after normalized, and the outcomes were reported in the systematic review. However, studies rarely reported pregnant women’s concerns. Conclusion: There was considerable inconsistency in outcomes selection and reporting in studies about antibiotics in PROM. An initial core outcomes set for antibiotics in PROM was formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiefeng Luo
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Linan Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- National Drug Clinical Trial Institute, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingli Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Evidence-Based Pharmacy Center, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Sichuan University, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Lingli Zhang,
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Herzlich J, Mangel L, Halperin A, Lubin D, Marom R. Neonatal outcomes in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes at periviable gestational age. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11999. [PMID: 35835823 PMCID: PMC9283543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16265-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To examine the outcomes of preterm infants born to women with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) at periviable gestational age. This is an observational retrospective cohort study analyzing data collected on singleton deliveries complicated by prolonged premature rupture of membranes occurring between 17 and 33 weeks of gestation. Neonatal outcomes including birth weight, Apgar score, retinopathy of prematurity, intraventricular hemorrhage, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, hearing impairment and mortality were evaluated. Ninety-four preterm infants who were born after a prolonged premature rupture of membranes of at least 7 days were included in the study. Median gestational week at onset of membrane rupture was 27.1 ± 4.2 weeks (range 17–33) and median latency period in days was 16 ± 21.8 (range 7–105). The cohort was stratified by gestational week (GW) at onset of PPROM (group 1: 17–23, group 2: 24–27, and group 3: 28–33). We found that the survival rate to discharge within neonates born after prolonged rupture of membrane at gestational week less than 24 weeks is 79.2% and 88.9% in group 2. These neonates did not show an increased rate of major morbidities compared to neonates born following membrane rupture at gestational week 24 to 27. We described a high survival rate to discharge without major morbidities following prolonged preterm membrane rupture of at least 7 days of latency before viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Herzlich
- Department of Neonatology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Laurence Mangel
- Department of Neonatology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ariel Halperin
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, Mayanei HaYeshua Center, Bnei Brak, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Lubin
- Department of Neonatology, Mayanei HaYeshua Center, Bnei Brak, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ronella Marom
- Department of Neonatology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. .,Department of Neonatology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann St, 6423906, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Chen HY, Huang KY, Lin YH, Lin SY, Lee CN. Antibiotic choice for the management of preterm premature rupture of membranes in Taiwanese women. J Formos Med Assoc 2022; 121:1798-1803. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2022.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Cason I, Rocha CA, Goldman RE. Preterm premature rupture of membranes: management between 28 and 34 weeks of pregnancy. ABCS HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.7322/abcshs.2020149.1600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Premature rupture of membranes remains a challenge for professionals due to the high rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, mainly related to complications resulting from prematurity. Objective: To analyze the scientific production about premature rupture of membranes in pregnancies above 28 weeks and below 34 weeks. Methods: Integrative literature review carried out in the Lilacs, SciELO, Medline and Cochrane Library databases, between 2014 and 2018, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, including original articles, available in full online, with free access, that addressed the study theme, using the keywords "premature rupture of ovular membranes", "premature labor" and "pregnancy complications" combined using the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR". Results: Fourteen studies were included. It was possible to highlight the main recommendations regarding preterm premature rupture of membranes, divided into six categories for discussion, namely: indications for expectant management and delivery induction, prophylactic antibiotic therapy, prenatal corticosteroids, use of tocolytics, recommendations regarding the use of magnesium sulfate and amniocentesis. Conclusion: It was identified that expectant management is the ideal approach, with constant monitoring of the pregnant woman and the fetus, in addition to the administration of prophylactic antibiotics and prenatal corticosteroids, in the face of premature rupture of membranes in pregnancies between 28 and 34 weeks in order to provide the best maternal and perinatal results, guiding health professionals to evidence-based practice.
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Delorme P, Lorthe E, Sibiude J, Kayem G. Preterm and term prelabour rupture of membranes: A review of timing and methods of labour induction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2021; 77:27-41. [PMID: 34538740 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2021.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Prelabour rupture of membranes (PROM) exposes both foetuses and mothers to the risk of infection. Induction of labour has been proposed to reduce this risk, but its neonatal and maternal risks and benefits must be balanced against those of expectant management (EM). Recent randomized studies of preterm PROM show that EM until 37 weeks of gestation is associated with lower overall neonatal morbidity. In term PROM, active management is associated with a shorter birth interval but not with lower rates of neonatal infection. Similar maternal and neonatal outcomes are reported regardless of whether induction uses oxytocin, PGE2, or oral misoprostol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Delorme
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), FHU PREMA, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Elsa Lorthe
- INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), FHU PREMA, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France; Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jeanne Sibiude
- Université de Paris, IAME, INSERM, F-75018, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Louis Mourier, Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique, F-92700, Colombes, France
| | - Gilles Kayem
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Trousseau Hospital, Paris, France; INSERM UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (EPOPé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), FHU PREMA, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.
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Amorim MMR, Souza ASR, Melo ASDO, Delgado AM, Florêncio ACMCDC, Oliveira TVD, Lira LCS, Sales LMDS, Souza GA, Melo BCPD, Morais Í, Katz L. COVID-19 and Pregnancy. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE SAÚDE MATERNO INFANTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9304202100s200002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objectives: reviewing the available literature on COVID-19 infection and the maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methods: this is a narrative review of the literature carried out from March to September 2020, usingthe MESH: coronavirus, Covid 19, SARS-CoV-2, pregnancy, gravidity, pregnancy complications and pregnancy complications infectius. All study designs, reviews, recommendations and technical notes were included, without distinction of language and that would bring the approach of the new coronavirus in the gestational and perinatal scenario. Results: the COVID-19 pandemic has had devastating effects, affecting millions of people and claiming almost a million lives worldwide. Initially, pregnant women were not seen as a risk group for the disease, however as the proportion of women affected during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle increased, several studies were published showing an increased risk of complications. Brazilian studies have also warned of a high number of maternal deaths, associated with the presence of comorbidities but, above all, with the social determinants of the disease and serious failures in care. Conclusion: the need for new studies with an adequate research design was observed, as many studies are only letters or small series of cases, in addition expert recommendations, without the necessary scientific rigor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Leila Katz
- Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira, Brasil
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Stephens AJ, Barton JR, Bentum NAA, Blackwell SC, Sibai BM. General Guidelines in the Management of an Obstetrical Patient on the Labor and Delivery Unit during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Am J Perinatol 2020; 37:829-836. [PMID: 32344441 PMCID: PMC7356067 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1710308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection that was first identified in China. Since its emergence in December 2019, the virus has rapidly spread, transcending geographic barriers. The World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have declared COVID-19 as a public health crisis. Data regarding COVID-19 in pregnancy is limited, consisting of case reports and small cohort studies. However, obstetric patients are not immune from the current COVID-19 pandemic, and obstetric care will inevitably be impacted by the current epidemic. As such, clinical protocols and practice on labor and delivery units must adapt to optimize the safety of patients and health care workers and to better conserve health care resources. In this commentary, we provide suggestions to meet these goals without impacting maternal or neonatal outcomes. KEY POINTS: • Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic.• COVID-19 impacts care of obstetric patients.• Health care should be adapted for the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela J. Stephens
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - John R. Barton
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Baptist Health Lexington, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Nana-Ama Ankumah Bentum
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sean C. Blackwell
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Baha M. Sibai
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Baser E, Aydogan Kirmizi D, Ulubas Isik D, Ozdemirci S, Onat T, Serdar Yalvac E, Demirel N, Moraloglu Tekin O. The effects of latency period in PPROM cases managed expectantly. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020; 33:2274-2283. [PMID: 32089027 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2020.1731465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), associated with prematurity, is an important obstetric complication that may cause neonatal mortality and morbidity. The optimal delivery time is controversial in cases with the expectant approach. The fetal effects of long-term exposure to PPROM are unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes of expectantly-managed PPROM cases with different latency periods at 240/7-346/7 weeks of gestation.Material and method: The study group consisted of 206 patients at 240/7-346/7 weeks of gestation who met the inclusion criteria. Patients were divided into three groups according to their weeks of PPROM diagnosis as 240/7-286/7, 290/7-316/7, and 320/7-346/7. The period from membrane rupture to delivery was defined as the latency period and divided into three subgroups as 3-7 days, 8-13 days and ≥14 days. In addition to the demographic characteristics of the patients, maternal and obstetric complications, primary and secondary neonatal outcomes were compared between the groups. Primary neonatal outcomes were determined in terms of pathological Apgar scores (<5 at minute 1, <7 at minute 5), requiring resuscitation, admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and NICU length of stay. Secondary neonatal outcomes were determined in terms of respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular hemorrhage, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, periventricular leukomalacia, and neonatal sepsis. In addition, for the prediction of morbidity and mortality, newborns were evaluated by SNAPPE II (Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal extension-II) consisting of the combination of biochemical and physiological parameters, using the parameters including mean blood pressure (mm/Hg), corporal temperature (°C), PO2/FiO2 ratio, lowest serum pH, multiple seizures, urine output (ml/kg/hr), Apgar score, birth weight, and small for gestational age. The higher the score of SNAPPE II, the higher the morbidity and mortality risk of neonates. For the statistical analysis, the Kruskal Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests were utilized for the numerical data. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) test was used to determine the threshold value of the data affecting neonatal morbidity.Results: The mean PPROM week was found to be 29.7 ± 3.0 weeks and the mean delivery week was 31.8 ± 2.5 weeks. The mean latency period for all the patients was 15.1 ± 13.8 days. Clinic chorioamnionitis was observed in 17% of the cases. The lowest chorioamnionitis rate (8.6%) was in the 3-7-day latency period group. Total complications were significantly lower in the 290/7-316/7 week PPROM group in which the latency period was ≥14 days, compared to those in 3-7 days and 8-13 days (p = .001). Total complications were lower in the < 32 weeks PPROM groups in which the latency period was ≥14 days compared to those obtained in 3-7 days and 8-13 days. There was no significant difference between the latency period and total complications after 32 weeks (p = .422). The best discriminative cutoff value of SNAPPE-II for neonatal morbidity was 11.0 (sensitivity 82%, specificity 80%). In the present study, the optimal latency period for the best neonatal outcomes was found to be 34.5 days (sensitivity 70% and specificity 84%) between weeks 240/7-286/7, and 11.0 days between weeks 290/7-316/7 (sensitivity 68% and specificity 85%).Conclusions: Our findings indicated that a long latency period did not increase neonatal morbidity and there was no increase in neonatal complications after 32 weeks of the gestational period compared to those obtained before 32 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Baser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Demet Aydogan Kirmizi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Dilek Ulubas Isik
- Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Safak Ozdemirci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Taylan Onat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ethem Serdar Yalvac
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Nihal Demirel
- Department of Neonatology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Moraloglu Tekin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Etlik Zubeyde Hanim Women's Health Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Ankara, Turkey
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