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Khizar N, Abbas N, Ahmed M, Ahmad M, Mustafa Z, Jehangir M, Mohammed Al-Ahmary K, Hussain A, Bukhari NI, Ali I. Amelioration of tableting properties and dissolution rate of naproxen co-grinded with nicotinamide: preparation and characterization of co-grinded mixture. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2024; 50:537-549. [PMID: 38771120 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2024.2358356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND SIGNIFICANCE Reducing the dimensions, when other additives are present, shows potential as a method to improve the dissolution and solubility of biopharmaceutical classification system class II drugs that have poor solubility. In this investigation, the process involved grinding naproxen with nicotinamide with the aim of improving solubility and the rate of dissolution. METHODS Naproxen was subjected to co-milling with urea, dimethylurea, and nicotinamide using a planetary ball mill for a duration of 90 min, maintaining a 1:1 molar ratio for the excipients (screening studies). The co-milled combinations, naproxen in its pure milled form, and a physical mixture were subjected to analysis using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and solubility assessment. The mixture displaying the highest solubility (naproxen-nicotinamide) was chosen for further investigation, involving testing for intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) after co-milling for both 90 and 480 min. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The co-milled combination, denoted as S-3b and consisting of the most substantial ratio of nicotinamide to naproxen at 1:3, subjected to 480 min of milling, exhibited a remarkable 45-fold increase in solubility and a 9-fold increase in IDR. XRPD analysis of the co-milled samples demonstrated no amorphization, while SEM images portrayed the aggregates of naproxen with nicotinamide. FTIR outcomes negate the presence of any chemical interactions between the components. The co-milled sample exhibiting the highest solubility and IDR was used to create a tablet, which was then subjected to comprehensive evaluation for standard attributes. The results revealed improved compressibility and dissolution properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosheen Khizar
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Abbas
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmood Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Mustafa
- Department of Physics, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jehangir
- Department of Chemistry, FC College (A Chartered University), Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Amjad Hussain
- University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Ijaz Ali
- Centre for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Gulf University for Science and Technology, Hawally, Kuwait
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Shen Y, Gwak H, Han B. Advanced manufacturing of nanoparticle formulations of drugs and biologics using microfluidics. Analyst 2024; 149:614-637. [PMID: 38083968 PMCID: PMC10842755 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01739g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Numerous innovative nanoparticle formulations of drugs and biologics, named nano-formulations, have been developed in the last two decades. However, methods for their scaled-up production are still lagging, as the amount needed for large animal tests and clinical trials is typically orders of magnitude larger. This manufacturing challenge poses a critical barrier to successfully translating various nano-formulations. This review focuses on how microfluidics technology has become a powerful tool to overcome this challenge by synthesizing various nano-formulations with improved particle properties and product purity in large quantities. This microfluidic-based manufacturing is enabled by microfluidic mixing, which is capable of the precise and continuous control of the synthesis of nano-formulations. We further discuss the specific applications of hydrodynamic flow focusing, a staggered herringbone micromixer, a T-junction mixer, a micro-droplet generator, and a glass capillary on various types of nano-formulations of polymeric, lipid, inorganic, and nanocrystals. Various separation and purification microfluidic methods to enhance the product purity are reviewed, including acoustofluidics, hydrodynamics, and dielectrophoresis. We further discuss the challenges of microfluidics being used by broader research and industrial communities. We also provide future outlooks of its enormous potential as a decentralized approach for manufacturing nano-formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Shen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Hogyeong Gwak
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Bumsoo Han
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
- Purdue University Institute for Cancer Research, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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3
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Salie F, Saidi T. Nanomedicine drug delivery in South Africa: a retrospective study on research, funding and collaboration. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1317137. [PMID: 38235118 PMCID: PMC10792447 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1317137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
After nearly two decades of substantial investment in the field of nanomedicine within South Africa, this study undertakes an investigation into the specific diseases that have been targeted for research and development, as well as the key actors and collaborative networks involved in this burgeoning field. To accomplish this, the study adopts a mixed-method approach, combining bibliometric and scientometric techniques alongside a comprehensive review of existing literature. The study's findings illuminate that the diseases selected for emphasis in nanomedicine research closely align with the prevalent health challenges faced by South Africa. Notably, these ailments encompass cancer, bacterial infections, and tuberculosis, all of which significantly contribute to the country's disease burden. Furthermore, the investigation highlights that research-intensive South African universities play a pivotal role as the primary actors in advancing nanomedicine initiatives. Over time, collaborative endeavors among these key actors have seen a noteworthy upswing. These collaborations have fostered robust connections between South African institutions and counterparts in Asian nations and the Middle East. It is worth emphasizing that nanomedicine is a resource-intensive field, necessitating substantial capital investment. Collaborative initiatives have, in turn, granted access to critical infrastructure and materials that would have otherwise been beyond the reach of some participating entities. Remarkably, these collaborative partnerships have not only facilitated scientific progress but have also cultivated social capital and trust among involved stakeholders. These valuable intangible assets hold great potential as South Africa advances towards more exploitative phases of technology development within the domain of nanomedicine. Moreover, South Africa is strategically positioning itself to cultivate a critical mass of expertise in nanomedicine, recognising the significance of skilled human resources in harnessing the full potential of this technology in the future. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6173875/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faatiema Salie
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Trust Saidi
- Centre for Technology, Innovation and Culture, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Athena Institute, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Marques SM, Kumar L. Factors affecting the preparation of nanocrystals: characterization, surface modifications and toxicity aspects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:871-894. [PMID: 37222381 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2218084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The fabrication of well-defined nanocrystals in size and form is the focus of much investigation. In this work, we have critically reviewed several recent instances from the literature that shows how the production procedure affects the physicochemical properties of the nanocrystals. AREAS COVERED Scopus, MedLine, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for peer-review articles published in the past few years using different key words. Authors chose relevant publications from their files for this review. This review focuses on the range of techniques available for producing nanocrystals. We draw attention to several recent instances demonstrating the impact of various process and formulation variables that affect the nanocrystals' physicochemical properties. Moreover, various developments in the characterization techniques explored for nanocrystals concerning their size, morphology, etc. have been discussed. Last but not least, recent applications, the effect of surface modifications, and the toxicological traits of nanocrystals have also been reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The selection of an appropriate production method for the formation of nanocrystals, together with a deep understanding of the relationship between the drug's physicochemical properties, unique features of the various formulation alternatives, and anticipated in-vivo performance, would significantly reduce the risk of failure during human clinical trials that are inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirleen Miriam Marques
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, India
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In vitro and ex vivo evaluation of bi-layered effervescent microenvironmental pH modifying buccal films with saquinavir. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Optimization of Lipid Nanoparticles by Response Surface Methodology to Improve the Ocular Delivery of Diosmin: Characterization and In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091961. [PMID: 36145708 PMCID: PMC9506089 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Diosmin is a flavonoid with a great variety of biological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ones. Its cytoprotective effect in retinal pigment epithelium cells under high glucose conditions makes it a potential support in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. Despite its benefits, poor solubility in water reduces its potential for therapeutic use, making it the biggest biopharmaceutical challenge. The design of diosmin-loaded nanocarriers for topical ophthalmic application represents a novelty that has not been yet explored. For this purpose, the response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), compatible for ocular administration, to encapsulate diosmin and improve its physicochemical issues. NLCs were prepared by a simple and scalable technique: a melt emulsification method followed by ultrasonication. The experimental design was composed of four independent variables (solid lipid concentration, liquid lipid concentration, surfactant concentration and type of solid lipid). The effect of the factors was assessed on NLC size and PDI (responses) by analysis of variance (ANOVA). The optimized formulation was selected according to the desirability function (0.993). Diosmin at two different concentrations (80 and 160 µM) was encapsulated into NLCs. Drug-loaded nanocarriers (D-NLCs) were subjected to a physicochemical and technological investigation revealing a mean particle size of 83.58 ± 0.77 nm and 82.21 ± 1.12 nm, respectively for the D-NLC formulation prepared with diosmin at the concentration of 80 µM or 160 µM, and a net negative surface charge (−18.5 ± 0.60 and −18.0 ± 1.18, respectively for the two batches). The formulations were analyzed in terms of pH (6.5), viscosity, and adjusted for osmolarity, making them more compatible with the ocular environment. Subsequently, stability studies were carried out to assess D-NLC behavior under different storage conditions up to 60 days, indicating a good stability of NLC samples at room temperature. In-vitro studies on ARPE-19 cells confirmed the cytocompatibility of NLCs with retinal epithelium. The effect of D-NLCs was also evaluated in-vitro on a model of retinal inflammation, demonstrating the cytoprotective effect of D-NLCs at various concentrations. RSM was found to be a reliable model to optimize NLCs for diosmin encapsulation.
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Dandignac M, Lacerda SP, Chamayou A, Galet L. Comparison study of physicochemical and biopharmaceutics properties of hydrophobic drugs ground by two dry milling processes. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:816-828. [PMID: 36062973 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2121408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
1. AbstractThis study focuses on the dry milling of BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System) class II molecules. These molecules have a limited bioavailability because of their low aqueous solubility, poor water wettability and low dissolution rate. In order to improve these properties, indomethacin (IND) and niflumic acid (NIF) were milled using two different types of equipment: Pulverisette 0® and CryoMill®. Milled samples were characterized and compared to commercial molecules. IND shows a modified solid state, like surface crystallinity reduction and an increase in water vapor adsorption from to 2 up to 5-fold due to milling processes. The obtained solubility data resulted in an improvement in solubility up to 1.2-fold and an increase in initial dissolution kinetics: 2% of dissolved drug for original crystals against 25% for milled samples. For NIF no crystallinity reduction, no change of surface properties and no solubility improvement after milling were noticed. In addition, milled particles seemed more agglomerated resulting in no changes in dissolution rate compared to the original drug. IND solubility and dissolution enhancement can be attributed to the modification of surface area, drug crystallinity reduction and water sorption increase due to specific behaviour related to the drug crystal disorder induced by milling process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dandignac
- Université de Toulouse, IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, Albi Cedex 09 F-81013, France
| | - S P Lacerda
- Université de Toulouse, IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, Albi Cedex 09 F-81013, France
| | - A Chamayou
- Université de Toulouse, IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, Albi Cedex 09 F-81013, France
| | - L Galet
- Université de Toulouse, IMT Mines Albi, UMR CNRS 5302, Centre RAPSODEE, Campus Jarlard, Albi Cedex 09 F-81013, France
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8
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Fandaruff C, Caon T, Araya-Sibaja AM, Rauber GS, Silva MAS, Simões CMO, de Campos CEM, Bortoluzzi AJ, Resende JALC, Cuffini SL. A New Saquinavir Mesylate-Sodium Decyl Sulfate Salt Discovered by Serendipity during an Anomalous Dissolution Test. Pharm Res 2022; 39:189-200. [PMID: 35064418 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03167-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand the anomalous behavior of Saquinavir Mesylate (SQVM) in sodium decyl sulfate (SDS) medium during a dissolution test through a crystallographic analysis of the crystal obtained. As a result, it will be possible to elucidate its crystal structure and carry out a complete solid-state characterization of the API. METHODS The solid form obtained was characterized by a structural analysis through X-ray single crystal and powder diffraction. The crystallographic structures of the new salt and the SQVM were compared. In addition, a complete solid-state characterization of SQVM raw material was carried out by techniques such as diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and a dissolution method. RESULTS A new salt consisting of SQVM and SDS was crystallized and its crystal structure was elucidated and reported herein for the first time. The anionic part of SDS interacts with the cationic segment of SQVM to obtain a new salt designated as SQV-DS, which precipitates. The main difference between the two structures occurs in the c-axis expansion, which increases from 15.966 (5) to 21.1924 (14), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Some of the strategies to enhance the dissolution rate of poorly aqueous soluble APIs include the use of surfactants such as SDS in the dissolution medium, as well as in the formulated products. However, there have been constant reports of a dissolution rate slowdown by some surfactants. The interaction mechanisms between the APIs and the dissolution medium containing surfactants need to be carefully investigated in current pharmaceutical formulations. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinira Fandaruff
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP: 88040-900, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Caon
- Laboratório de Farmacotécnica e Cosmetologia, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriela Schneider Rauber
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP: 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antônio Segatto Silva
- Laboratório de Controle de Qualidade, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC Campus Reitor João David Ferreira Lima, s/n Trindade, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP: 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Oliveira Simões
- Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Adailton João Bortoluzzi
- Laboratório de Bioinorgânica e Cristalografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Lucia Cuffini
- Pós-Graduação em Engenharia e Ciências dos Materiais, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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He S, Radeke C, Jacobsen J, Lind JU, Mu H. Multi-material 3D printing of programmable and stretchable oromucosal patches for delivery of saquinavir. Int J Pharm 2021; 610:121236. [PMID: 34748810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Oromucosal patches for drug delivery allow fast onset of action and ability to circumvent hepatic first pass metabolism of drugs. While conventional fabrication methods such as solvent casting or hot melt extrusion are ideal for scalable production of low-cost delivery patches, these methods chiefly allow for simple, homogenous patch designs. As alternative, a multi-material direct-ink-write 3D printing for rapid fabrication of complex oromucosal patches with unique design features was demonstrated in the present study. Specifically, three print-materials: an acidic saquinavir-loaded hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ink, an alkaline effervescent sodium carbonate-loaded ink, and a methyl cellulose backing material were combined in various designs. The CO2 content and pH of the microenvironment were controlled by adjusting the number of alkaline layers in the patch. Additionally, the rigid and brittle patches were converted to compliant and stretchable patches by implementing mesh-like designs. Our results illustrate how 3D printing can be used for rapid design and fabrication of multifunctional or customized oromucosal patches with tailored dosages and changed drug permeation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong He
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carmen Radeke
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jette Jacobsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johan Ulrik Lind
- Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 423, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Sinha B, Staufenbiel S, Müller RH, Möschwitzer JP. Sub-50 nm ultra-small organic drug nanosuspension prepared by cavi-precipitation and its brain targeting potential. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120983. [PMID: 34371150 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to show whether it is possible to prepare sub 100 nm or preferably sub-50 nm drug nanosuspension (NS) of suitable quality for intravenous administration. Furthermore, we have studied how the brain targeting potential of such small size organic NS differs from relatively bigger size NS. Two combination technologies (cavi-precipitation, H96) and a standard high-pressure homogenization (HPH) technology were used to prepare drug NS of different sizes. The cavi-precipitation process generated the smallest AmB NS, i.e., 27 nm compared to 79 nm by H96 technology and 252 nm by standard HPH technology. Dialysis of the nanosuspension in the original dispersion media was found to be the most efficient solvent removal method without negatively affecting particle size. The removal of organic solvent was found to drastically improve the stability of the formulations. The protein adsorption pattern shows that the small size NS particles obtained by the cavi-precipitation process have the potential to circulate longer in the bloodstream and have the potential to be taken up by the blood-brain barrier. The cavi-precipitation process generated ultrafine NS particles, which fulfilled the quality requirements for intravenous administration and offer a potential solution for brain targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswadip Sinha
- Institute of Pharmacy, Dept. Of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sven Staufenbiel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Dept. Of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer H Müller
- Institute of Pharmacy, Dept. Of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan P Möschwitzer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Dept. Of Pharmaceutics, Biopharmaceutics and Nutricosmetics, Freie University of Berlin, Kelchstrasse 31, 12169 Berlin, Germany.
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Development of a Nanocrystal Formulation of a Low Melting Point API Following a Quality by Design Approach. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9060954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparation of nanocrystal formulations by wet media milling and spray-drying is a reliable technique to enhance dissolution and ameliorate absorption limitations of poorly soluble BCS II drugs. However, when thermosensitive compositions are dried at high temperatures, the risks of particle aggregation and thermal degradation must be considered. The present study investigates the effects of nanosuspension formulation variables when performing the spray drying process at equidistant temperatures above and below the melting point. Towards this purpose, Fenofibrate is exploited as a model drug of unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile and low melting point (79–82 °C), properties that render thermal processing a nontrivial task. Rationalizing the system’s behavior by combining molecular simulations with QbD methodology, the preparation of stable nanocrystals can be “steered” in order to avoid undesirable melting. The statistically resolved operational conditions showed that Fenofibrate Critical Quality Attribute–compliant nanosuspensions i.e., bearing hydrodynamic diameter and ζ-potential of 887 nm and −16.49 mV, respectively, were obtained by wet milling drug to Pharmacoat and mannitol weighted optimum ratios of 4.075% and 0.75%, after spray drying at the desired temperature of 77 °C. In conclusion, we present a quality assurance methodology of nano-comminution generally applicable for thermo-labile BCS II drugs.
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He S, Jacobsen J, Nielsen CU, Genina N, Østergaard J, Mu H. Exploration of in vitro drug release testing methods for saquinavir microenvironmental pH modifying buccal films. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105867. [PMID: 33951482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Buccal films containing a pH modifying excipient may be able to increase bioavailability of drugs with pH-dependent solubility such as saquinavir. Access to suitable in vitro drug release testing methods may facilitate buccal formulation development. This study aimed to explore two release testing methods for characterising buccal films and to elucidate the relationship between microenvironmental pH (pHM, i.e. the pH around the swelling films) and saquinavir release. The Franz diffusion cell method was applicable to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) grade on saquinavir release. Films containing HPMC K3 LV had a faster saquinavir release than films containing HPMC K100 LV. A UV/Vis imaging method was developed to visualise saquinavir release and pHM changes during the initial dissolution. Within 5 min, the pHM decreased from 6.8 to around 5.4 for HPMC K100 LV-based films containing 11.1 % or 16.6 % (w/w) malic acid. Subsequently, the pHM increased due to increasing concentrations of saquinavir. An increase in malic acid content led to a faster saquinavir release. The combination of methods may be broadly applicable for excipient screening in development of buccal formulations. The imaging approach holds promise for characterizing other pH modifying formulation principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong He
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Jacobsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Uhd Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Natalja Genina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Cyclodextrins in Antiviral Therapeutics and Vaccines. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030409. [PMID: 33808834 PMCID: PMC8003769 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review describes the various roles of cyclodextrins (CDs) in vaccines against viruses and in antiviral therapeutics. The first section describes the most commonly studied application of cyclodextrins—solubilisation and stabilisation of antiviral drugs; some examples also refer to their beneficial taste-masking activity. The second part of the review describes the role of cyclodextrins in antiviral vaccine development and stabilisation, where they are employed as adjuvants and cryopreserving agents. In addition, cyclodextrin-based polymers as delivery systems for mRNA are currently under development. Lastly, the use of cyclodextrins as pharmaceutical active ingredients for the treatment of viral infections is explored. This new field of application is still taking its first steps. Nevertheless, promising results from the use of cyclodextrins as agents to treat other pathologies are encouraging. We present potential applications of the results reported in the literature and highlight the products that are already available on the market.
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14
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Dyk K, Baran Ł, Rżysko W, Stankevič M, Kamiński DM. Interplay between the crystal stability and the energy of the molecular conformation. CrystEngComm 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01673j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The lattice energy is the main factor in determining the structure even if the molecules adopt a less energetically favorable conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Dyk
- Department of General, and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
| | - Łukasz Baran
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
| | - Wojciech Rżysko
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
| | - Marek Stankevič
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
| | - Daniel M. Kamiński
- Department of General, and Coordination Chemistry and Crystallography
- Institute of Chemical Sciences
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Skłodowska University
- Lublin
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15
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Overcoming the Solubility Barrier of Ibuprofen by the Rational Process Design of a Nanocrystal Formulation. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100969. [PMID: 33066680 PMCID: PMC7602516 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Wet media milling, coupled with spay drying, is a commonly proposed formulation strategy for the production and solidification of nanosuspensions in order to overcome the solubility barrier of BCS Class II substances. However, the application of mechanically and thermally intensive processes is not straightforward in the cases of ductile and/or low melting point substances that may additionally be susceptible to eutectic formation. Using ibuprofen (IBU) as a model drug with non-favorable mechanical and melting properties, we attempt to rationalize nanocrystal formulation and manufacturing in an integrated approach by implementing Quality by Design (QbD) methodology, particle informatics techniques and computationally assisted process design. Wet media milling was performed in the presence of different stabilizers and co-milling agents, and the nanosuspensions were solidified by spray-drying. The effects of key process parameters (bead diameter, milling time and rotational speed) and formulation variables (stabilizer type and drug/stabilizer ratio) on the critical quality attributes (CQAs), i.e., Z-average size, polydispersity index (PDI), ζ-potential and redispersibility of spray-dried nanosuspensions were evaluated, while possible correlations between IBU free surface energy and stabilizer effectiveness were studied. The fracture mechanism and surface stabilization of IBU were investigated by computer simulation of the molecular interactions at the crystal lattice level. As a further step, process design accounting for mass-energy balances and predictive thermodynamic models were constructed to scale-up and optimize the design space. Contemplating several limitations, our multilevel approach offers insights on the mechanistic pathway applicable to the substances featuring thermosensitivity and eutectic tendency.
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16
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Binary polymeric amorphous carvedilol solid dispersions: In vitro and in vivo characterization. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 150:105343. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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He S, Østergaard J, Ashna M, Nielsen CU, Jacobsen J, Mu H. Microenvironmental pH modifying films for buccal delivery of saquinavir: Effects of organic acids on pH and drug release in vitro. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Comparison of solubility enhancement by solid dispersion and micronized butein and its correlation with in vivo study. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00486-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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19
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Hosny KM. Development Of Saquinavir Mesylate Nanoemulsion-Loaded Transdermal Films: Two-Step Optimization Of Permeation Parameters, Characterization, And Ex Vivo And In Vivo Evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:8589-8601. [PMID: 31802871 PMCID: PMC6830379 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s230747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Saquinavir mesylate (SQR) tablets are widely used against human immunodeficiency virus. SQR has bioavailability issues owing to its poor aqueous solubility, extensive first-pass metabolism, and even low gastrointestinal tract permeability and absorption. Objective An in-depth optimization process was carried out using factorial design to improve the permeation parameters and thereby the bioavailability of SQR by formulating self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS)-loaded polymeric transdermal films. Methods The solubility of SQR in different nanoemulsion components was examined. Various combinations of selected components were prepared in an extreme vertices mixture design to identify the useful nanoemulsion zone and to develop SNEDDS with minimum globule size. The optimized SQR-SNEDDS was loaded in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based transdermal films. The Box-Behnken design was used to optimize and evaluate SQR permeability. The prepared films were characterized for thickness, tensile strength, elongation, folding endurance, and accelerated stability studies. The optimized film was examined for ex vivo skin permeation and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters. Results The optimized SQR-SNEDDS was prepared in proportions of 0.1, 0.55, and 0.35 of clove oil, labrasol, and Transcutol, respectively. The implemented Box-Behnken design indicated the optimized film consisted of 1.0% PVA, 0.25% propylene glycol, and clove oil as the oil phase. The tensile strength, thickness, percent elongation, and folding endurance of the optimized SQR-SNEDDS film were 0.93 ± 0.013 kg/cm2, 0.22 ± 0.006 mm, 43.1 ± 0.022%, and >200 times, respectively. A higher Cmax and double the AUC were observed for SQR-SNEDDS–loaded film in comparison to pure SQR-loaded films. Conclusion Implementation of a two-step design to optimize and control experimental factors in the preparation of SQR-SNEDDS and its loading onto PVA-based transdermal films was achieved. The films indicated improved ex vivo skin permeation, enhanced bioavailability, and overcame the limitations of the oral dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled M Hosny
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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20
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Cui B, Lv Y, Gao F, Wang C, Zeng Z, Wang Y, Sun C, Zhao X, Shen Y, Liu G, Cui H. Improving abamectin bioavailability via nanosuspension constructed by wet milling technique. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:2756-2764. [PMID: 30859694 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly water-soluble and photosensitive pesticide compounds are difficult to be formulated as environmentally friendly formulations with high efficacy. Conventional wettable powder, emulsifiable concentrate and emulsion in water have disadvantages of dust drift, overuse of organic solvent and low efficacy. Therefore, there is an urgent need to construct a novel formulation to improve the bioavailability of pesticides. RESULTS An abamectin nanosuspension was developed using a wet-milling method combined with orthogonal experimental design. The average particle sizes of the abamectin nanosuspension measured by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope were 233, 90 and 140 nm, respectively. The zeta potential and sliding angle on cabbage leaves were -36.9 mV and 62°. Retention and anti-photolysis were around 1.5 and 1.6 times those of emulsions in water. Furthermore, the biological activity of the nanosuspension towards diamondback moths was approximately twice that of conventional formulations. CONCLUSION This study provides an easy and scalable technique for constructing pesticide nanosuspensions. The preparation and composition of the nanosuspension avoid the use of organic solvents. Application of the highly effective nanoformulation will significantly enhance pesticide efficacy, and reduce the dosage and environmental pollution of the pesticide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guoqiang Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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21
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Baán A, Adriaensens P, Lammens J, Delgado Hernandez R, Vanden Berghe W, Pieters L, Vervaet C, Kiekens F. Dry amorphisation of mangiferin, a poorly water-soluble compound, using mesoporous silica. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 141:172-179. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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22
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Li Q, Xia D, Tao J, Shen A, He Y, Gan Y, Wang C. Self-Assembled Core-Shell-Type Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles: Intracellular Trafficking and Relevance for Oral Absorption. J Pharm Sci 2017; 106:3120-3130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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23
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Pazesh S, Gråsjö J, Berggren J, Alderborn G. Comminution-amorphisation relationships during ball milling of lactose at different milling conditions. Int J Pharm 2017; 528:215-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Mann AKP, Schenck L, Koynov A, Rumondor ACF, Jin X, Marota M, Dalton C. Producing Amorphous Solid Dispersions via Co-Precipitation and Spray Drying: Impact to Physicochemical and Biopharmaceutical Properties. J Pharm Sci 2017; 107:183-191. [PMID: 28711592 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Many small-molecule active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) exhibit low aqueous solubility and benefit from generation of amorphous dispersions of the API and polymer to improve their dissolution properties. Spray drying and hot-melt extrusion are 2 common methods to produce these dispersions; however, for some systems, these approaches may not be optimal, and it would be beneficial to have an alternative route. Herein, amorphous solid dispersions of compound A, a low-solubility weak acid, and copovidone were made by conventional spray drying and co-precipitation. The physicochemical properties of the 2 materials were assessed via X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermal gravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The amorphous dispersions were then formulated and tableted, and the performance was assessed in vivo and in vitro. In human dissolution studies, the co-precipitation tablets had slightly slower dissolution than the spray-dried dispersion, but both reached full release of compound A. In canine in vitro dissolution studies, the tablets showed comparable dissolution profiles. Finally, canine pharmacokinetic studies showed that the materials had comparable values for the area under the curve, bioavailability, and Cmax. Based on the summarized data, we conclude that for some APIs, co-precipitation is a viable alternative to spray drying to make solid amorphous dispersions while maintaining desirable physicochemical and biopharmaceutical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K P Mann
- Department of Analytical Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supplies, MRL, Rahway, New Jersey 07065.
| | - Luke Schenck
- Department of Chemical Engineering Research and Development, Chemistry, MRL, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Athanas Koynov
- Department of Chemical Engineering Research and Development, Chemistry, MRL, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | | | - Xiaoling Jin
- Analytical Sciences, Merck Animal Health, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Melanie Marota
- Formulation Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supplies, MRL, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Chad Dalton
- Department of Preformulation Sciences, Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Supplies, MRL, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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25
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Li M, Alvarez P, Bilgili E. A microhydrodynamic rationale for selection of bead size in preparation of drug nanosuspensions via wet stirred media milling. Int J Pharm 2017; 524:178-192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Pawar JN, Desai HR, Moravkar KK, Khanna DK, Amin PD. Exploring the potential of porous silicas as a carrier system for dissolution rate enhancement of artemether. Asian J Pharm Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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27
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Polymeric Amorphous Solid Dispersions: A Review of Amorphization, Crystallization, Stabilization, Solid-State Characterization, and Aqueous Solubilization of Biopharmaceutical Classification System Class II Drugs. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:2527-2544. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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28
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Sadeghi F, Ashofteh M, Homayouni A, Abbaspour M, Nokhodchi A, Garekani HA. Antisolvent precipitation technique: A very promising approach to crystallize curcumin in presence of polyvinyl pyrrolidon for solubility and dissolution enhancement. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 147:258-264. [PMID: 27518458 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin with a vast number of pharmacological activities is a poorly water soluble drug which its oral bioavailability is profoundly limited by its dissolution or solubility in GI tract. Curcumin could be a good anticancer drug if its solubility could be increased. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to increase the dissolution rate of curcumin by employing antisolvent crystallization technique and to investigate the effect of polyvinyl pyrrolidone K30 (PVP) as colloidal particles in crystallization medium on resultant particles. Curcumin was crystalized in the presence of different amounts of PVP by antisolvent crystallization method and their physical mixtures were prepared for comparison purposes. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The solubility and dissolution of the treated and untreated curcumin were also determined. Antisolvent crystallization of curcumin led to the formation of particles with no definite geometric shape. It was interesting to note that the DSC and XRPD studies indicated the formation of a new polymorph and less crystallinity for particles crystallized in the absence of PVP. However, the crystallized curcumin in the presence of PVP was completely amorphous. All crystalized curcumin samples showed much higher dissolution rate compared to untreated curcumin. The amount of curcumin dissolved within 10 for treated curcumin in the presence of PVP (1:1 curcumin:PVP) was 7 times higher than untreated curcumin and this enhancement in the dissolution for curcumin samples crystallized in the absence of PVP was around 5 times. Overall' the results of this study showed that antisolvent crystallization method in the absence or presence of small amounts of PVP is very efficient in increasing the dissolution rate of curcumin to achieve better efficiency for curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ashofteh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Homayouni
- School of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Abbaspour
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ali Nokhodchi
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Arundel Building, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QJ, UK; Drug Applied Research Center and Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hadi Afrasiabi Garekani
- Pharmaceutical research center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Na YG, Jun HS, Kim D, Park BC, Lim SK, Lee KH, Hwang SJ, Park JS, Jung SH, Cho CW. Preformulation of FK506 Prodrugs for Improving Solubility. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.10861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Guk Na
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Korea
| | - Hye-Suk Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Korea
| | | | - Byong-Chul Park
- Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; Daejeon 305-806 Korea
| | | | - Ki-Ho Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Korea University; Sejong 30019 Korea
| | - Sung-Joo Hwang
- College of Pharmacy; Yonsei University; Incheon 406-840 Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Park
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Jung
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Korea
| | - Cheong-Weon Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development; Chungnam National University; Daejeon 34134 Korea
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Schammé B, Couvrat N, Malpeli P, Dudognon E, Delbreilh L, Dupray V, Dargent É, Coquerel G. Transformation of an active pharmaceutical ingredient upon high-energy milling: A process-induced disorder in Biclotymol. Int J Pharm 2015; 499:67-73. [PMID: 26707413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates for the first time the thermodynamic changes of Biclotymol upon high-energy milling at various levels of temperature above and below its glass transition temperature (Tg). Investigations have been carried out by temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TM-DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD). Results indicate that Biclotymol undergoes a solid-state amorphization upon milling at Tg-45 °C. It is shown that recrystallization of amorphous milled Biclotymol occurs below the glass transition temperature of Biclotymol (Tg=20 °C). This displays molecular mobility differences between milled Biclotymol and quenched liquid. A systematic study at several milling temperatures is performed and the implication of Tg in the solid-state transformations generally observed upon milling is discussed. Influence of analysis temperature with respect to interpretation of results was investigated. Finally, it is shown that co-milling Biclotymol with only 20 wt% of amorphous PVP allows a stable amorphous dispersion during at least 5 months of storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Schammé
- Normandie Univ, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Univ Rouen, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France; Normandie Univ, AMME-LECAP EA 4528 International Lab, Univ Rouen, Avenue de l'Université, BP12, F-76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Nicolas Couvrat
- Normandie Univ, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Univ Rouen, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France.
| | - Pascal Malpeli
- Pharmasynthese (Inabata Group), F-76320 Saint Pierre les Elbeuf, France.
| | - Emeline Dudognon
- UMET (Unité Matériaux et Transformations) UMR CNRS 8207, Bat P5, Université Lille 1, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
| | - Laurent Delbreilh
- Normandie Univ, AMME-LECAP EA 4528 International Lab, Univ Rouen, Avenue de l'Université, BP12, F-76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Valérie Dupray
- Normandie Univ, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Univ Rouen, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France.
| | - Éric Dargent
- Normandie Univ, AMME-LECAP EA 4528 International Lab, Univ Rouen, Avenue de l'Université, BP12, F-76801 Saint Etienne du Rouvray, France.
| | - Gérard Coquerel
- Normandie Univ, Laboratoire SMS-EA3233, Univ Rouen, F-76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France.
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He Y, Xia DN, Li QX, Tao JS, Gan Y, Wang C. Enhancement of cellular uptake, transport and oral absorption of protease inhibitor saquinavir by nanocrystal formulation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:1151-60. [PMID: 26256404 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Saquinavir (SQV) is the first protease inhibitor for the treatment of HIV infection, but with poor solubility. The aim of this study was to prepare a colloidal nanocrystal suspension for improving the oral absorption of SQV. METHODS SQV nanocrystals were prepared using anti-solvent precipitation-high pressure homogenization method. The nanocrystals were characterized by a Zetasizer and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Their dissolution, cellular uptake and transport across the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (Caco-2) monolayer were investigated. Bioimaging of ex vivo intestinal sections of rats was conducted with confocal laser scanning microscopy. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed in rats administered nanocrystal SQV suspension (50 mg/kg, ig), and the plasma SQV concentrations were measured with HPLC. RESULTS The SQV nanocrystals were approximately 200 nm in diameter, with a uniform size distribution. The nanocrystals had a rod-like shape under TEM. The dissolution, cellular uptake, and transport across a Caco-2 monolayer of the nanocrystal formulation were significantly improved compared to those of the coarse crystals. The ex vivo intestinal section study revealed that the fluorescently labeled nanocrystals were located in the lamina propria and the epithelium of the duodenum and jejunum. Pharmacokinetic study showed that the maximal plasma concentration (Cmax) was 2.16-fold of that for coarse crystalline SQV suspension, whereas the area under the curve (AUC) of nanocrystal SQV suspension was 1.95-fold of that for coarse crystalline SQV suspension. CONCLUSION The nanocrystal drug delivery system significantly improves the oral absorption of saquinavir.
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Seo JH, Park JB, Choi WK, Park S, Sung YJ, Oh E, Bae SK. Improved oral absorption of cilostazol via sulfonate salt formation with mesylate and besylate. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:3961-8. [PMID: 26251575 PMCID: PMC4524531 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s87687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Cilostazol is a Biopharmaceutical Classification System class II drug with low solubility and high permeability, so its oral absorption is variable and incomplete. The aim of this study was to prepare two sulfonate salts of cilostazol to increase the dissolution and hence the oral bioavailability of cilostazol. Methods Cilostazol mesylate and cilostazol besylate were synthesized from cilostazol by acid addition reaction with methane sulfonic acid and benzene sulfonic acid, respectively. The salt preparations were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The water contents, hygroscopicity, stress stability, and photostability of the two cilostazol salts were also determined. The dissolution profiles in various pH conditions and pharmacokinetic studies in rats were compared with those of cilostazol-free base. Results The two cilostazol salts exhibited good physicochemical properties, such as nonhygroscopicity, stress stability, and photostability, which make it suitable for the preparation of pharmaceutical formulations. Both cilostazol mesylate and cilostazol besylate showed significantly improved dissolution rate and extent of drug release in the pH range 1.2–6.8 compared to the cilostazol-free base. In addition, after oral administration to rats, cilostazol mesylate and cilostazol besylate showed increases in Cmax and AUCt of approximately 3.65- and 2.87-fold and 3.88- and 2.94-fold, respectively, compared to cilostazol-free base. Conclusion This study showed that two novel salts of cilostazol, such as cilostazol mesylate and cilostazol besylate, could be used to enhance its oral absorption. The findings warrant further preclinical and clinical studies on cilostazol mesylate and cilostazol besylate at doses lower than the usually recommended dosage, so that it can be established as an alternative to the marketed cilostazol tablet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hong Seo
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Bae Park
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Woong-Kee Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Sunhwa Park
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Yun Jin Sung
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Euichaul Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, South Korea
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Bartos C, Ambrus R, Sipos P, Budai-Szűcs M, Csányi E, Gáspár R, Márki Á, Seres AB, Sztojkov-Ivanov A, Horváth T, Szabó-Révész P. Study of sodium hyaluronate-based intranasal formulations containing micro- or nanosized meloxicam particles. Int J Pharm 2015; 491:198-207. [PMID: 26142244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This article reports on the micro- and nanonization of meloxicam (MEL) with the aim of developing pre-dispersions as intermediates for the design of intranasal formulations. As a new approach, combined wet milling technology was developed in order to reduce the particle size of the MEL. Different milling times resulted in micro- or nanosized MEL in the pre-dispersions with polyvinyl alcohol as stabilizer agent, which were directly used for preparing intranasal liquid formulations with the addition of sodium hyaluronate as mucoadhesive agent. Reduction of the MEL particle size into the nano range led to increased saturation solubility and dissolution velocities, and increased adhesiveness to surfaces as compared with microsized MEL particles. A linear correlation was demonstrated between the specific surface area of MEL and the AUC. The in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the longer residence time and the uniform distribution of nano MEL spray throughout an artificial membrane and the nasal mucosa resulted in better diffusion and a higher AUC. Nanosized MEL may be suggested for the development of an innovative dosage form with a different dose of the drug, as a possible administration route for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Bartos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; Richter Gedeon Nyrt., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rita Ambrus
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Sipos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Erzsébet Csányi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Róbert Gáspár
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Márki
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Adrienn B Seres
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anita Sztojkov-Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Biopharmacy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Tamás Horváth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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Smith G, Hussain A, Bukhari NI, Ermolina I. Quantification of residual crystallinity in ball milled commercially sourced lactose monohydrate by thermo-analytical techniques and terahertz spectroscopy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 92:180-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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35
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Nart V, França MT, Anzilaggo D, Riekes MK, Kratz JM, de Campos CEM, Simões CMO, Stulzer HK. Ball-milled solid dispersions of BCS Class IV drugs: Impact on the dissolution rate and intestinal permeability of acyclovir. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2015; 53:229-38. [PMID: 26042711 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Acyclovir, an analog of 2'-deoxyguanosine, is one of the most important drugs in the current approved antiviral treatment. However, it's biopharmaceutical properties, contribute to acyclovir's poor oral bioavailability, which restricts the clinical use of the drug. In this view, the aim of this work was to improve the dissolution rate and intestinal permeability of acyclovir through the development of ball milling solid dispersions with the hydrophilic carriers Pluronic F68®, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose K100M® and chitosan. Solid dispersions were obtained and completely characterized through different solid state techniques. The solid state data demonstrated a decrease in the crystallinity (amorphous phase and defects) and the presence of hydrogen bonds for SD HPMC and SD CTS. The enhancement of dissolution rates was observed for all SDs developed. In addition, no detrimental effects over the in vitro antiviral activity were detected. The solid dispersions with Pluronic F68® significantly improved the intestinal permeability of acyclovir across Caco-2 cells. In summary, the SDs developed in this study could be considered as potential systems for solid dosage forms containing acyclovir with superior biopharmaceutical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Nart
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Maria Terezinha França
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Daiane Anzilaggo
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Manoela Klüppel Riekes
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil
| | - Jadel Müller Kratz
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Hellen Karine Stulzer
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-970, Brazil.
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36
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Understanding pharmaceutical polymorphic transformations I: influence of process variables and storage conditions. Ther Deliv 2015; 5:1123-42. [PMID: 25418270 DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) of a dosage form is affected by number of mechanical and environmental factors which have a tendency to alter its crystalline state. Polymorphic transitions have been observed to occur during various unit operations like granulation, milling and compression. Forces of pressure, shear and temperature have an ability to induce alterations in crystal habit. A conversion in polymorphic form during a unit operation is very likely to affect the handling of API in the subsequent unit operation. Transitions have also been observed during storage of formulations where the relative humidity and temperature play a major role. An increase in temperature during storage can dehydrate or desolvate the crystal and hence produce crystal defects, whilst, high humidity conditions produce higher molecular mobility leading to either crystallization of API or alteration of its crystalline form.
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Caon T, Kratz JM, Kuminek G, Heller M, Konig RA, Micke GA, Koester LS, Simões CMO. Oral saquinavir mesylate solid dispersions: In vitro dissolution, Caco-2 cell model permeability and in vivo absorption studies. POWDER TECHNOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kalhapure RS, Suleman N, Mocktar C, Seedat N, Govender T. Nanoengineered drug delivery systems for enhancing antibiotic therapy. J Pharm Sci 2014; 104:872-905. [PMID: 25546108 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Formulation scientists are recognizing nanoengineered drug delivery systems as an effective strategy to overcome limitations associated with antibiotic drug therapy. Antibiotics encapsulated into nanodelivery systems will contribute to improved management of patients with various infectious diseases and to overcoming the serious global burden of antibiotic resistance. An extensive review of several antibiotic-loaded nanocarriers that have been formulated to target drugs to infectious sites, achieve controlled drug release profiles, and address formulation challenges, such as low-drug entrapment efficiencies, poor solubility and stability is presented in this paper. The physicochemical properties and the in vitro/in vivo performances of various antibiotic-loaded delivery systems, such as polymeric nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles, nanohybirds, nanofibers/scaffolds, nanosheets, nanoplexes, and nanotubes/horn/rods and nanoemulsions, are highlighted and evaluated. Future studies that will be essential to optimize formulation and commercialization of these antibiotic-loaded nanosystems are also identified. The review presented emphasizes the significant formulation progress achieved and potential that novel nanoengineered antibiotic drug delivery systems have for enhancing the treatment of patients with a range of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul S Kalhapure
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4000, South Africa
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Yang M, He S, Fan Y, Wang Y, Ge Z, Shan L, Gong W, Huang X, Tong Y, Gao C. Microenvironmental pH-modified solid dispersions to enhance the dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble weakly basic GT0918, a developing anti-prostate cancer drug: Preparation, characterization and evaluation in vivo. Int J Pharm 2014; 475:97-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Jain S, Patel N, Lin S. Solubility and dissolution enhancement strategies: current understanding and recent trends. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:875-87. [PMID: 25342479 DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.971027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Identification of lead compounds with higher molecular weight and lower aqueous solubility has become increasingly prevalent with the advent of high throughput screening. Poor aqueous solubility of these lipophilic compounds can drastically affect the dissolution rate and subsequently the drug absorbed in the systemic circulation, imposing a significant burden of time and money during drug development process. Various pre-formulation and formulation strategies have been applied in the past that can improve the aqueous solubility of lipophilic compounds by manipulating either the crystal lattice properties or the activity coefficient of a solute in solution or both, if possible. However, despite various strategies available in the armor of formulation scientist, solubility issue still remains an overriding problem in the drug development process. It is perhaps due to the insufficient conceptual understanding of solubility and dissolution phenomenon that hinders the judgment in selecting suitable strategy for improving aqueous solubility and/or dissolution rate. This article, therefore, focuses on (i) revisiting the theoretical and mathematical concepts associated with solubility and dissolution, (ii) their application in making rationale decision for selecting suitable pre-formulation and formulation strategies and (iii) the relevant research performed in this field in past decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashank Jain
- College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University , Queens, NY , USA
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41
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Physical stabilization of low-molecular-weight amorphous drugs in the solid state: a material science approach. Ther Deliv 2014; 5:817-41. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.14.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Use of the amorphous state is considered to be one of the most effective approaches for improving the dissolution and subsequent oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. However as the amorphous state has much higher physical instability in comparison with its crystalline counterpart, stabilization of amorphous drugs in a solid-dosage form presents a major challenge to formulators. The currently used approaches for stabilizing amorphous drug are discussed in this article with respect to their preparation, mechanism of stabilization and limitations. In order to realize the potential of amorphous formulations, significant efforts are required to enable the prediction of formulation performance. This will facilitate the development of computational tools that can inform a rapid and rational formulation development process for amorphous drugs.
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42
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Rambharose S, Ojewole E, Branham M, Kalhapure R, Govender T. High-energy ball milling of saquinavir increases permeability across the buccal mucosa. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 40:639-48. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.884120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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43
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Laitinen R, Priemel PA, Surwase S, Graeser K, Strachan CJ, Grohganz H, Rades T. Theoretical Considerations in Developing Amorphous Solid Dispersions. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1598-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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44
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Sinha B, Müller RH, Möschwitzer JP. Bottom-up approaches for preparing drug nanocrystals: Formulations and factors affecting particle size. Int J Pharm 2013; 453:126-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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45
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Williams HD, Trevaskis NL, Charman SA, Shanker RM, Charman WN, Pouton CW, Porter CJH. Strategies to address low drug solubility in discovery and development. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:315-499. [PMID: 23383426 DOI: 10.1124/pr.112.005660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 985] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Drugs with low water solubility are predisposed to low and variable oral bioavailability and, therefore, to variability in clinical response. Despite significant efforts to "design in" acceptable developability properties (including aqueous solubility) during lead optimization, approximately 40% of currently marketed compounds and most current drug development candidates remain poorly water-soluble. The fact that so many drug candidates of this type are advanced into development and clinical assessment is testament to an increasingly sophisticated understanding of the approaches that can be taken to promote apparent solubility in the gastrointestinal tract and to support drug exposure after oral administration. Here we provide a detailed commentary on the major challenges to the progression of a poorly water-soluble lead or development candidate and review the approaches and strategies that can be taken to facilitate compound progression. In particular, we address the fundamental principles that underpin the use of strategies, including pH adjustment and salt-form selection, polymorphs, cocrystals, cosolvents, surfactants, cyclodextrins, particle size reduction, amorphous solid dispersions, and lipid-based formulations. In each case, the theoretical basis for utility is described along with a detailed review of recent advances in the field. The article provides an integrated and contemporary discussion of current approaches to solubility and dissolution enhancement but has been deliberately structured as a series of stand-alone sections to allow also directed access to a specific technology (e.g., solid dispersions, lipid-based formulations, or salt forms) where required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hywel D Williams
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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46
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George M, Ghosh I. Identifying the correlation between drug/stabilizer properties and critical quality attributes (CQAs) of nanosuspension formulation prepared by wet media milling technology. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:142-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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47
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Willart JF, Carpentier L, Danède F, Descamps M. Solid-state vitrification of crystalline griseofulvin by mechanical milling. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:1570-7. [PMID: 22252982 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The thermodynamic, dynamic, and structural changes of crystalline griseofulvin upon high-energy ball milling at room temperature have been studied. The investigations have been performed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dielectric relaxation spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. The results indicate that this compound undergoes a direct crystal-to-glass transformation upon milling, whereas no glass transition can be clearly detected upon heating because of the exceptional sub-glass transition temperature (T(g) ) recrystallization of the milled sample. This intrinsic difficulty for characterizing the glassy state has been overcome using three independent strategies: (i) comparison of the evolutions upon milling of both the crystalline powder and the quenched liquid, (ii) use of fast DSC to delay the recrystallization event, and (iii) search for dielectric β relaxations typical of glasses in the milled compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Willart
- Université Lille Nord de France, USTL Unité Matériaux et Transformations, UMR CNRS 8207, F-59650 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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