1
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Tomás RMF, Gibson MI. Optimization and Stability of Cell-Polymer Hybrids Obtained by "Clicking" Synthetic Polymers to Metabolically Labeled Cell Surface Glycans. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2726-2736. [PMID: 31141666 PMCID: PMC6831485 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Re-engineering of mammalian cell surfaces with polymers enables the introduction of functionality including imaging agents, drug cargoes or antibodies for cell-based therapies, without resorting to genetic techniques. Glycan metabolic labeling has been reported as a tool for engineering cell surface glycans with synthetic polymers through the installation of biorthogonal handles, such as azides. Quantitative assessment of this approach and the robustness of the engineered coatings has yet to be explored. Here, we graft poly(hydroxyethyl acrylamide) onto azido-labeled cell surface glycans using strain-promoted azide-alkyne "click" cycloaddition and, using a combination of flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, evaluate the various parameters controlling the outcome of this "grafting to" process. In all cases, homogeneous cell coatings were formed with >95% of the treated cells being covalently modified, superior to nonspecific "grafting to" approaches. Controllable grafting densities could be achieved through modulation of polymer chain length and/or concentration, with longer polymers having lower densities. Cell surface bound polymers were retained for at least 72 h, persisting through several mitotic divisions during this period. Furthermore, we postulate that glycan/membrane recycling is slowed by the steric bulk of the polymers, demonstrating robustness and stability even during normal biological processes. This cytocompatible, versatile and simple approach shows potential for re-engineering of cell surfaces with new functionality for future use in cell tracking or cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruben M. F. Tomás
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew I. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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2
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Han SS, Shim HE, Park SJ, Kim BC, Lee DE, Chung HM, Moon SH, Kang SW. Safety and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Tracking. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13212. [PMID: 30181604 PMCID: PMC6123424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31594-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic labeling is one of the most powerful methods to label the live cell for in vitro and in vivo tracking. However, the cellular mechanisms by modified glycosylation due to metabolic agents are not fully understood. Therefore, metabolic labeling has not yet been widely used in EPC tracking and labeling. In this study, cell functional properties such as proliferation, migration and permeability and gene expression patterns of metabolic labeling agent-treated hUCB-EPCs were analyzed to demonstrate cellular effects of metabolic labeling agents. As the results, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz treatment had no effects on cellular function or gene regulations, however, higher concentration of Ac4ManNAz (>20 μM) led to the inhibition of functional properties (proliferation rate, viability and rate of endocytosis) and down-regulation of genes related to cell adhesion, PI3K/AKT, FGF and EGFR signaling pathways. Interestingly, the new blood vessel formation and angiogenic potential of hUCB-EPCs were not affected by Ac4ManNAz concentration. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimal concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo hUCB-EPC labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach can be used for understanding the efficacy and safety of stem cell-based therapy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Soo Han
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye-Eun Shim
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byoung-Chul Kim
- The Genomics Institute, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Dong-Eun Lee
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeonbuk, Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Chung
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sun-Woong Kang
- Predictive Model Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea.
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.
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3
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Preparation and anticancer activity evaluation of an amorphous drug nanocomposite by simple heat treatment. Anticancer Drugs 2017; 28:623-633. [DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Hinderlich S, Neuenschwander M, Wratil PR, Oder A, Lisurek M, Nguyen LD, von Kries JP, Hackenberger CPR. Small Molecules Targeting Human N-Acetylmannosamine Kinase. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1279-1285. [PMID: 28346741 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
N-Acetylmannosamine kinase (MNK) plays a key role in the biosynthesis of sialic acids and glycosylation of proteins. Sialylated glycoconjugates affect a large number of biological processes, including immune modulation and cancer transformation. In search of effective inhibitors of MNK we applied high-throughput screening of drug-like small molecules. By applying different orthogonal assays for their validation we identified four potential MNK-specific inhibitors with IC50 values in the low-micromolar range. Molecular modelling of the inhibitors into the active site of MNK supports their binding to the sugar or the ATP-binding pocket of the enzyme or both. These compounds are promising for downregulation of the sialic acid content of glycoconjugates and for studying the functional contribution of sialic acids to disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Hinderlich
- Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin, Seestrasse 64, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Neuenschwander
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul R Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimalee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Oder
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Lisurek
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Long D Nguyen
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimalee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens P von Kries
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.,Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Department Chemie, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Han SS, Lee DE, Shim HE, Lee S, Jung T, Oh JH, Lee HA, Moon SH, Jeon J, Yoon S, Kim K, Kang SW. Physiological Effects of Ac4ManNAz and Optimization of Metabolic Labeling for Cell Tracking. Theranostics 2017; 7:1164-1176. [PMID: 28435456 PMCID: PMC5399584 DOI: 10.7150/thno.17711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic labeling techniques are powerful tools for cell labeling, tracking and proteomic analysis. However, at present, the effects of the metabolic labeling agents on cell metabolism and physiology are not known. To address this question, in this study, we analyzed the effects of cells treated with Ac4ManNAz through microarray analysis and analyses of membrane channel activity, individual bio-physiological properties, and glycolytic flux. According to the results, treatment with 50 μM Ac4ManNAz led to the reduction of major cellular functions, including energy generation capacity, cellular infiltration ability and channel activity. Interestingly, 10 μM Ac4ManNAz showed the least effect on cellular systems and had a sufficient labeling efficiency for cell labeling, tracking and proteomic analysis. Based on our results, we suggest 10 μM as the optimum concentration of Ac4ManNAz for in vivo cell labeling and tracking. Additionally, we expect that our approach could be used for cell-based therapy for monitoring the efficacy of molecule delivery and the fate of recipient cells.
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6
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Zhan H, Zhou X, Cao Y, Jagtiani T, Chang TL, Liang JF. Anti-cancer activity of camptothecin nanocrystals decorated by silver nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:2692-2701. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00134g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
CPT/Ag nanocrystals display extreme and broad-spectrum anti-cancer activity and high selectivity through a cooperation effect between CPT and AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
| | - Xiaqing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
| | - Tina Jagtiani
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
| | - Tzu-Lan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
| | - Jun F. Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences
- Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences
- Stevens Institute of Technology
- Hoboken
- USA
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7
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Zhan H, Liang JF. Extreme Activity of Drug Nanocrystals Coated with A Layer of Non-Covalent Polymers from Self-Assembled Boric Acid. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38668. [PMID: 27934922 PMCID: PMC5146679 DOI: 10.1038/srep38668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-covalent polymers have remarkable advantages over synthetic polymers for wide biomedical applications. In this study, non-covalent polymers from self-assembled boric acid were used as the capping reagent to replace synthetic polymers in drug crystallization. Under acidic pH, boric acid self-assembled on the surface of drug nanocrystals to form polymers with network-like structures held together by hydrogen bonds. Coating driven by boric acid self-assembly had negligible effects on drug crystallinity and structure but resulted in drug nanocrystals with excellent dispersion properties that aided in the formation of a more stable suspension. Boric acid coating improved drug stability dramatically by preventing drug molecules from undergoing water hydrolysis in a neutral environment. More importantly, the specific reactivity of orthoboric groups to diols in cell glycocalyx facilitated a rapid cross-membrane translocation of drug nanocrystals, leading to efficient intracellular drug delivery, especially on cancer cells with highly expressed sialic acids. Boric acid coated nanocrystals of camptothecin, an anticancer drug with poor aqueous solubility and stability, demonstrated extreme cytotoxic activity (IC50 < 5.0 μg/mL) to cancer cells compared to synthetic polymer coated CPT nanocrystals and free CPT. Surface coating using non-covalent polymers from self-assembled boric acid will have wide biomedical applications especially in biomaterials and drug delivery field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Zhan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Jun F Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Biological Sciences, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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8
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Aretz J, Wratil PR, Wamhoff EC, Nguyen HG, Reutter W, Rademacher C. Fragment screening of N-acetylmannosamine kinase reveals noncarbohydrate inhibitors. CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Many biological processes from infection to tumor immune evasion are controlled by cell surface sialylation. To gather further insight into these processes, methods to alter cell surface sialylation are required. One way to achieve this is inhibiting the key enzyme of sialic acid de novo biosynthesis, the intracellular bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE/MNK). Here, we present low molecular weight inhibitors of MNK activity based on picolinic acid derivatives. They were identified in a fragment screening using 19F NMR and validated in a biochemical inhibition assay followed by a structure–activity relationship analysis and docking. The optimized compound 6-carbamoylpicolinic acid inhibits MNK with a double-digit micromolar affinity. Its low molecular weight (166 Da) renders this picolinic acid derivative an exquisite starting point for the development of high-affinity MNK inhibitors, which may serve as molecular probes or lead candidates in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Aretz
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14424, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul Robin Wratil
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Eike-Christian Wamhoff
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14424, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hoang Giang Nguyen
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Charité — Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Rademacher
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam 14424, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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9
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Wratil PR, Horstkorte R, Reutter W. Metabolic Glycoengineering with N-Acyl Side Chain Modified Mannosamines. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:9482-512. [PMID: 27435524 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In metabolic glycoengineering (MGE), cells or animals are treated with unnatural derivatives of monosaccharides. After entering the cytosol, these sugar analogues are metabolized and subsequently expressed on newly synthesized glycoconjugates. The feasibility of MGE was first discovered for sialylated glycans, by using N-acyl-modified mannosamines as precursor molecules for unnatural sialic acids. Prerequisite is the promiscuity of the enzymes of the Roseman-Warren biosynthetic pathway. These enzymes were shown to tolerate specific modifications of the N-acyl side chain of mannosamine analogues, for example, elongation by one or more methylene groups (aliphatic modifications) or by insertion of reactive groups (bioorthogonal modifications). Unnatural sialic acids are incorporated into glycoconjugates of cells and organs. MGE has intriguing biological consequences for treated cells (aliphatic MGE) and offers the opportunity to visualize the topography and dynamics of sialylated glycans in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo (bioorthogonal MGE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hollystrasse 1, 06114, Halle, Germany.
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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10
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Wratil PR, Horstkorte R, Reutter W. Metabolisches Glykoengineering mitN-Acyl-Seiten- ketten-modifizierten Mannosaminen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
| | - Rüdiger Horstkorte
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie; Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg; Hollystraße 1 06114 Halle Deutschland
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie; Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin; Arnimallee 22 14195 Berlin Deutschland
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11
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Nieto-Garcia O, Wratil PR, Nguyen LD, Böhrsch V, Hinderlich S, Reutter W, Hackenberger CPR. Inhibition of the key enzyme of sialic acid biosynthesis by C6-Se modified N-acetylmannosamine analogs. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3928-3933. [PMID: 30155038 PMCID: PMC6013775 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04082e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetically accessible C6-analogs of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) were tested as potential inhibitors of the bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase (GNE/MNK), the key enzyme of sialic acid biosynthesis. Enzymatic experiments revealed that the modification introduced at the C6 saccharide position strongly influences the inhibitory potency. A C6-ManNAc diselenide dimer showed the strongest kinase inhibition in the low μM range among all the substrates tested and successfully reduced cell surface sialylation in Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia Nieto-Garcia
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie , Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10 , 13125 Berlin , Germany
| | - Paul R Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin , Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie , Charié-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Arnimalee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Long D Nguyen
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin , Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie , Charié-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Arnimalee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Verena Böhrsch
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie , Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10 , 13125 Berlin , Germany
| | - Stephan Hinderlich
- Beuth Hochschule für Technik Berlin , Department Life Sciences & Technology , Seestrase 64 , 13347 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin , Klinische Chemie und Pathobiochemie , Charié-Universitätsmedizin Berlin , Arnimalee 22 , 14195 Berlin , Germany .
| | - Christian P R Hackenberger
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie , Robert-Roessle-Strasse 10 , 13125 Berlin , Germany
- Humboldt Universität zu Berlin , Department Chemie , Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2 , 12489 , Berlin , Germany .
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12
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Wratil PR, Rigol S, Solecka B, Kohla G, Kannicht C, Reutter W, Giannis A, Nguyen LD. A novel approach to decrease sialic acid expression in cells by a C-3-modified N-acetylmannosamine. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:32056-32063. [PMID: 25278018 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.608398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its position at the outermost of glycans, sialic acid is involved in a myriad of physiological and pathophysiological cell functions such as host-pathogen interactions, immune regulation, and tumor evasion. Inhibitors of cell surface sialylation could be a useful tool in cancer, immune, antibiotic, or antiviral therapy. In this work, four different C-3 modified N-acetylmannosamine analogs were tested as potential inhibitors of cell surface sialylation. Peracetylated 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-3-O-methyl-D-mannose decreases cell surface sialylation in Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner up to 80%, quantified by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked lectin assays. High-performance liquid chromatography experiments revealed that not only the concentration of membrane bound but also of cytosolic sialic acid is reduced in treated cells. We have strong evidence that the observed reduction of sialic acid expression in cells is caused by the inhibition of the bifunctional enzyme UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase. 2-Acetylamino-2-deoxy-3-O-methyl-D-mannose inhibits the human ManNAc kinase domain of the UDP-GlcNAc-2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase. Binding kinetics of the inhibitor and human N-acetylmannosamine kinase were evaluated using surface plasmon resonance. Specificity studies with human N-acetylglucosamine kinase and hexokinase IV indicated a high specificity of 2-acetylamino-2-deoxy-3-O-methyl-D-mannose for MNK. This substance represents a novel class of inhibitors of sialic acid expression in cells, targeting the key enzyme of sialic acid de novo biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R Wratil
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie, und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem
| | - Stephan Rigol
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Fakultät für Chemie und Mineralogie, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, and
| | - Barbara Solecka
- Octapharma R&D, Molecular Biochemistry Berlin, Walther-Nernst-Strasse 3, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Kohla
- Octapharma R&D, Molecular Biochemistry Berlin, Walther-Nernst-Strasse 3, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Kannicht
- Octapharma R&D, Molecular Biochemistry Berlin, Walther-Nernst-Strasse 3, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Werner Reutter
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie, und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem
| | - Athanassios Giannis
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Fakultät für Chemie und Mineralogie, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, and.
| | - Long D Nguyen
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Klinische Chemie, und Pathobiochemie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin-Dahlem,.
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13
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Abstract
Peptides have some unique and superior features compared to proteins. However, the use of peptides as therapeutics is hampered by their low stability and cell selectivity. In this study, a new lytic peptide (CL-1, FLGALFRALSRLL) was constructed. Under the physiological condition, peptide CL-1 self-assembled into dynamically stable aggregates with fibrils-like structures. Aggregated CL-1 demonstrated dramatically altered activity and stability in comparison with single molecule CL-1 and other lytic peptides: when incubated with cocultured bacteria and tissue cells, CL-1 aggregates killed bacteria selectively but spared cocultured human cells; CL-1 aggregates were kept intact in human serum for more than five hours. Peptide-cell interaction studies performed on lipid monolayers and live human tissue cells revealed that in comparison with monomeric CL-1, aggregated CL-1 had decreased cell affinity and membrane insertion capability on tissue cells. A dynamic process involving aggregate dissociation and rearrangement seemed to be an essential step for membrane bound CL-1 aggregates to realize its cytotoxicity to tissue cells. Our study suggests that peptide aggregation could be as important as the charge and secondary structure of a peptide in affecting peptide-cell interactions. Controlling peptide self-assembly represents a new way to increase the stability and cell selectivity of bioactive peptides for wide biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Jun F. Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, and Biomedical Engineering, Charles V. Schaefer School of Engineering and Sciences, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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