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Laquintana V, Lopedota AA, Ivone M, Denora N, Franco M, Palazzo G, Gentile L. Celecoxib-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex in a chitosan/PEO-PPO-PEO block copolymer matrix: Structural effect and drug release. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 660:1030-1038. [PMID: 38220494 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide) and poly(propylene oxide)-based matrices, such as Poloxamer 407 (P407) or Pluronic® F127, are extensively utilized in drug delivery and permeation systems due to their FDA approval and listing in the US and European Pharmacopoeias. The study hypothesizes that incorporating 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and the celecoxib-HP-β-CD inclusion complex into a 16 wt% P407 and chitosan blend in an aqueous acetic acid solution will affect the system's rheological and structural properties. EXPERIMENTS Rheological, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments were conducted to assess the impact of acetic acid and chitosan on the 16 wt% P407 and chitosan blend. Additionally, in vitro drug release studies were performed to monitor the drug release profile over time. FINDINGS The addition of HP-β-CD was found to inhibit gel formation in the 16 wt% P407 and chitosan blend. However, the presence of the celecoxib-HP-β-CD inclusion complex showed no significant structural effects compared to P407 blended with chitosan alone. Rheological and SAXS analyses demonstrated that acetic acid led to the formation of a lamellar phase due to the lower pH, facilitating injectability. The presence of chitosan in acetic acid resulted in the detection of a hexagonal phase, affecting the release of celecoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentino Laquintana
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Angela A Lopedota
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Marianna Ivone
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Nunzio Denora
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Massimo Franco
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gerardo Palazzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy; Center of Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI) Bari Unit, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Luigi Gentile
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Orabona 4, Bari 70126, Italy; Center of Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI) Bari Unit, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy.
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Fernández-Romero AM, Maestrelli F, García-Gil S, Talero E, Mura P, Rabasco AM, González-Rodríguez ML. Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Epichlorohydrin-β-Cyclodextrin/Curcumin Binary Systems Embedded in a Pluronic ®/Hyaluronate Hydrogel. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13566. [PMID: 34948364 PMCID: PMC8709285 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (Cur) is an anti-inflammatory polyphenol that can be complexed with polymeric cyclodextrin (CD) to improve solubility and bioavailability. The aim of the present work was to prepare a CurCD hydrogel to treat inflammatory skin conditions. Epichlorohydrin-β-CD (EpiβCD) was used as polymeric CD. To characterize the binary system, solid-state and in-solution studies were performed. Afterwards, an experimental design was performed to optimize the hydrogel system. Finally, the CurEpiβCD hydrogel system was tested for anti-inflammatory activity using a HaCat psoriasis cell model. Co-grinded Cur/EpiβCD binary system showed a strong interaction and Curcumin solubility was much improved. Its combination with Pluronic® F-127/hyaluronate hydrogel demonstrated an improvement in release rate and Curcumin permeation. After testing its anti-inflammatory activity, the system showed a significant reduction in IL-6 levels. Hydrogel-containing CurEpiβCD complex is a great alternative to treat topical inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana-María Fernández-Romero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.-M.F.-R.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Francesca Maestrelli
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Sara García-Gil
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (S.G.-G.); (E.T.)
| | - Elena Talero
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (S.G.-G.); (E.T.)
| | - Paola Mura
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” (DICUS), University of Florence, Via Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (F.M.); (P.M.)
| | - Antonio M. Rabasco
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.-M.F.-R.); (A.M.R.)
| | - María Luisa González-Rodríguez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, C/Prof. García González 2, 41012 Seville, Spain; (A.-M.F.-R.); (A.M.R.)
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M. Badr-El S, Mubarak Al H, Kotta S, Abdulhafiz N. Self-Assembled Supramolecular Hydrogel Based on α-Cyclodextrin/Poloxamer Polypseudorotaxanes for Ocular Delivery of Ciprofloxacin. INT J PHARMACOL 2021. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2021.15.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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4
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da Silva-Junior RC, Campanholi KDSS, de Morais FAP, Pozza MSDS, de Castro-Hoshino LV, Baesso ML, da Silva JB, Bruschi ML, Caetano W. Photothermal Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogel Containing Safranine for Mastitis Treatment in Veterinary Using Phototherapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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5
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Polypseudorotaxanes of Pluronic® F127 with Combinations of α- and β-Cyclodextrins for Topical Formulation of Acyclovir. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10040613. [PMID: 32230723 PMCID: PMC7221812 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Acyclovir (ACV) is one of the most used antiviral drugs for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections and other relevant mucosal infections caused by viruses. Nevertheless, the low water solubility of ACV limits both its bioavailability and antiviral performance. The combination of block copolymer micelles and cyclodextrins (CDs) may result in polypseudorotaxanes with tunable drug solubilizing and gelling properties. However, the simultaneous addition of various CDs has barely been investigated yet. The aim of this work was to design and characterize ternary combinations of Pluronic® F127 (PF127), αCD and βCD in terms of polypseudorotaxane formation, rheological behavior, and ACV solubilization ability and controlled release. The formation of polypseudorotaxanes between PF127 and the CDs was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and NMR spectroscopy. The effects of αCD/βCD concentration range (0–7% w/w) on copolymer (6.5% w/w) gel features were evaluated at 20 and 37 °C by rheological studies, resulting in changes of the copolymer gelling properties. PF127 with αCD/βCD improved the solubilization of ACV, maintaining the biocompatibility (hen’s egg test on the chorio-allantoic membrane). In addition, the gels were able to sustain acyclovir delivery. The formulation prepared with similar proportions of αCD and βCD provided a slower and more constant release. The results obtained suggest that the combination of Pluronic with αCD/βCD mixtures can be a valuable approach to tune the rheological features and drug release profiles from these supramolecular gels.
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6
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Yao X, Huang P, Nie Z. Cyclodextrin-based polymer materials: From controlled synthesis to applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Yang D, Gao S, Fang Y, Lin X, Jin X, Wang X, Ke L, Shi K. The π-π stacking-guided supramolecular self-assembly of nanomedicine for effective delivery of antineoplastic therapies. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2018; 13:3159-3177. [PMID: 30411997 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In traditional nano drug-delivery systems, the complex chemical bonds between drug and carrier often complicate the preparation process and are less prone to rupture upon entry into the target, which is detrimental to the timely release of the drug. The π-π stacking provides us with a promising alternative as it is a weak interaction between the aromatic rings. Since most antitumor drugs are hydrophobic molecules with complex aromatic π-π-conjugated structures, the construction of self-assembly based on π-π stacking between drugs and carriers has the advantage of improving the stability and drug loading capacity as well as the improvement of hydrophilicity and biosafety. This article introduces the recent advances in π-π stacking-guided nano self-assembly for antineoplastic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongjuan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Xuechao Jin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Xiyan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Liyuan Ke
- Pharmacy Department, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institue, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, PR China
| | - Kai Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 117004, PR China
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8
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Gao Y, Guo R, Feng Y, Zhang L, Wang C, Song J, Jiao T, Zhou J, Peng Q. Self-Assembled Hydrogels Based on Poly-Cyclodextrin and Poly-Azobenzene Compounds and Applications for Highly Efficient Removal of Bisphenol A and Methylene Blue. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11663-11672. [PMID: 31459262 PMCID: PMC6644948 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The excellent physical and chemical properties of cyclodextrin polymer (poly-CD)/azobenzene-modified polyacrylic acid (PAA-Azo) binary composite hydrogels have been designed and prepared. The prepared hydrogels were subjected to a variety of characterizations, including scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, rheological properties, and specific surface area tests. It was found that the obtained hydrogels have the cross-linked three-dimensional porous network nanostructures, and the formed composite poly-CD/PAA-Azo hydrogel can basically be shear thinned and have good recovery performance. A process of gel-sol transition can occur when the gel has a stimulatory response under UV light irradiation. In addition, such excellent properties of hydrogels exhibit different mechanisms in the adsorption of organic molecules that are harmful to the environment, such as bisphenol A (BPA) and methylene blue (MB). The polymeric hydrogel serves as novel adsorbent agents to adsorb BPA via host-guest interaction and anchor MB via electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yagui Gao
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Rong Guo
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Yao Feng
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Lexin Zhang
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Cuiru Wang
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Song
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P.
R. China
| | - Jingxin Zhou
- Hebei
Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, School of Environmental and Chemical
Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Qiuming Peng
- State
Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P.
R. China
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9
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Shi Y, Peng J, Meng X, Huang T, Zhang J, He H. Turn-on fluorescent detection of captopril in urine samples based on hydrophilic hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin polymer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:7373-7384. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1343-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Ballance WC, Seo Y, Baek K, Chalifoux M, Kim D, Kong H. Stretchable, anti-bacterial hydrogel activated by large mechanical deformation. J Control Release 2018; 275:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Liu J, Hua D, Zhang Y, Japip S, Chung TS. Precise Molecular Sieving Architectures with Janus Pathways for Both Polar and Nonpolar Molecules. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:1705933. [PMID: 29380439 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Precise molecular sieving architectures with Janus superhighways are constructed via a molecularly engineered interfacial reaction between cyclodextrin (CD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Interestingly, the CD/TMC nanofilms constructed with both hydrophobic inner cavities and hydrophilic channels exhibit exceptionally high permeances for both polar and nonpolar solvents. The precise molecular sieving functions are determined by the type of CD building blocks and the inner cavities of intrinsic 3D hollow bowls. Positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) confirms that a larger inner CD cavity tends to generate a larger free volume and higher microporosity. Based on the rejection ratio of various dyes, the estimated molecular weight cutoff of CD/TMC nanofilms follows the trend of α-CD/TMC (320 Da) <β-CD/TMC (400 Da) <γ-CD/TMC (550 Da), which is in strict accordance with the orders of their free volumes measured by PAS and inner cavity sizes of α-CD <β-CD <γ-CD. This kind of novel CD/TMC molecular sieving membrane with intrinsic microporosity containing tunable pore size and sharp pore-size distribution can effectively discriminate molecules with different 3D sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Dan Hua
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Susilo Japip
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Tai-Shung Chung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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12
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Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosystems in Targeted Cancer Therapy. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76162-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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13
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Rey-Rico A, Babicz H, Madry H, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Cucchiarini M. Supramolecular polypseudorotaxane gels for controlled delivery of rAAV vectors in human mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine. Int J Pharm 2017; 531:492-503. [PMID: 28552768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate, for the first time, the possibility of using supramolecular polypseudorotaxane gels as scaffolds that can durably deliver rAAV vectors for applications in cartilage regeneration. Dispersions of Pluronic® F68 (PF68) or Tetronic® 908 (T908) containing either hyaluronic acid (HA) or chondroitin sulfate (CS) were prepared in PBS. Then, alpha-cyclodextrin (αCD) was added to some dispersions to form polypseudorotaxane gels. Polysaccharides and αCD reinforced the viscoelasticity of the gels, which could withstand autoclaving without changes. In vitro release of rAAV vectors and subsequent transduction of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) by rAAV vectors from the release medium and from gels in direct contact with the cells were investigated. Compared with free vectors, the gels provided higher levels of transgene expression. CS (or HA)/PF68/αCD gels rapidly released rAAV vectors while CS (or HA)/T908/αCD gels provided sustained release probably due to different interactions with the viral vectors. Incorporation of αCD into CS (or HA)/PF68 gels resulted on higher rAAV concentrations and sustained levels of transgene expression over time. HA increased the bioactivity and cytocompatibility of the gels, especially those based on T908. Overall, combining rAAV gene transfer with polypseudorotaxane gels may provide new, promising tools for human tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Heiko Babicz
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany; Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Cai X, Xu Y, Yang R, Yang H. Preparation and investigation of temperature-responsive calix[4]arene-based molecular gels. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02076g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher temperature enhances the strength and the toughness of the gel comprised of kerosene and a tetracholesteryl derivative based on calix[4]arene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Cai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science
| | - Yunhua Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Rong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Xi'an University of Technology
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an 710119
- China
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15
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Liu Y, Yang J, Wang X, Liu J, Wang Z, Liu H, Chen L. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of redox-responsive sorafenib carrier nanomicelles synthesized from poly (acryic acid) -cystamine hydrochloride-D-α-tocopherol succinate. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2016; 27:1729-1747. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2016.1236883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jia Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhaobo Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Lijiang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, P.R. China
- Research Center for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-macromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, P.R. China
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Costoya A, Ballarin FM, Llovo J, Concheiro A, Abraham GA, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. HMDSO-plasma coated electrospun fibers of poly(cyclodextrin)s for antifungal dressings. Int J Pharm 2016; 513:518-527. [PMID: 27667755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.09.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun mats containing cyclodextrin polymers (poly-αCD or poly-βCD) were developed to act as wound dressings showing tunable release rate of the antifungal agent fluconazole incorporated forming inclusion complexes. Poly-αCD and poly-βCD were prepared via cross-linking with epichlorohydrin (EPI) as water-soluble large molecular weight polymers. Then, polyCDs forming complexes with fluconazole were mixed with poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) or poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) for electrospinning. Obtained bead-free fibers showed a random distribution, diameters in the 350-850nm range, and a variety of physical stability behaviors in aqueous environment. Mats were coated by hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) plasma polymerization to create a hydrophobic layer that prevented rapid drug diffusion. HMDSO coating was evidenced by the Si content of mat surface (EDX analysis) and by the increase in the water contact angle (up to 130°). In physiological-mimicking medium, non-treated mats showed burst release of fluconazole, whereas HMDSO-coated mats sustained the release and delayed disintegration of PVP-based mats. Antifungal tests evidenced that both coated and non-coated mats efficiently inhibited the growth of Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Costoya
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Florencia Montini Ballarin
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Jose Llovo
- Servicio de Microbiología y Parasitología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gustavo A Abraham
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de Materiales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata-CONICET, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, R+DPharma Group (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15872 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
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Supramolecular host-guest polycationic gene delivery system based on poly(cyclodextrin) and azobenzene-terminated polycations. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 147:25-35. [PMID: 27478960 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the supramolecular host-guest polycationic gene delivery system based on poly(β-cyclodextrin) (PCD) and azobenzene-terminated polycations. The azobenzene-terminated linear (Az-LPDM) and branched (Az-BPDM) cationic polymers were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of 2-dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). The formation and photosensitive behavior of the supramolecular polycations of azobenzene-terminated polycations Az-LPDM and Az-BPDM with PCD were confirmed by UV-vis and NMR analysis. The supramolecular PCD/Az-BPDM/DNA and PCD/Az-LPDM/DNA polyplexes showed smaller size and were less positive than those of their corresponding polyplexes without PCD. Moreover, the UV irradiation may promote release of DNA from the photosensitive supramolecular polyplexes due to dissociation of supramoelcular polyplexes. In vitro experiments revealed that the photosensitive supramolecular polycationic polyplexes (PCD/Az-LPDM/DNA and PCD/Az-BPDM/DNA) exhibited enhancement of cellular uptake, higher transfection efficiency, and lower cytoxicity compared to the azobenzene-terminated polycation/DNA polyplexes in the absence of PCD. Branched polycationic polyplexes showed higher transfection efficiency than its linear polycationic polyplexes. Furthermore, after UV irradiation, the transfection efficiency of photosensitive supramolecular polyplexes was improved resulting from more DNAs delivered and released inside of the cell nuclei. Thus this photoresponsive supramolecular host-guest system containing azobenzene-terminated branched cationic polymers and PCD is a promising gene vector.
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Zheng Y, Wyman IW. Supramolecular Nanostructures Based on Cyclodextrin and Poly(ethylene oxide): Syntheses, Structural Characterizations and Applications for Drug Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2016; 8:E198. [PMID: 30979290 PMCID: PMC6431930 DOI: 10.3390/polym8050198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been extensively studied as drug delivery carriers through host⁻guest interactions. CD-based poly(pseudo)rotaxanes, which are composed of one or more CD rings threading on the polymer chain with or without bulky groups (or stoppers), have attracted great interest in the development of supramolecular biomaterials. Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is a water-soluble, biocompatible polymer. Depending on the molecular weight, PEO can be used as a plasticizer or as a toughening agent. Moreover, the hydrogels of PEO are also extensively studied because of their outstanding characteristics in biological drug delivery systems. These biomaterials based on CD and PEO for controlled drug delivery have received increasing attention in recent years. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in supramolecular architectures, focusing on poly(pseudo)rotaxanes, vesicles and supramolecular hydrogels based on CDs and PEO for drug delivery. Particular focus will be devoted to the structures and properties of supramolecular copolymers based on these materials as well as their use for the design and synthesis of supramolecular hydrogels. Moreover, the various applications of drug delivery techniques such as drug absorption, controlled release and drug targeting based CD/PEO supramolecular complexes, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Department of internal medicine, The First Hospital in Qinhuangdao Affiliated to Hebei Medical University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Ian W Wyman
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
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Conte C, Fotticchia I, Tirino P, Moret F, Pagano B, Gref R, Ungaro F, Reddi E, Giancola C, Quaglia F. Cyclodextrin-assisted assembly of PEGylated polyester nanoparticles decorated with folate. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 141:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Poloxamer-hydroxyethyl cellulose-α-cyclodextrin supramolecular gels for sustained release of griseofulvin. Int J Pharm 2016; 500:11-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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21
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Hirun N, Tantishaiyakul V, Sangfai T, Rugmai S, Soontaranon S. Nano-structure, phase transition and morphology of gallic acid and xyloglucan hydrogel. Polym Bull (Berl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-016-1604-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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22
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Rey-Rico A, Venkatesan JK, Frisch J, Rial-Hermida I, Schmitt G, Concheiro A, Madry H, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Cucchiarini M. PEO-PPO-PEO micelles as effective rAAV-mediated gene delivery systems to target human mesenchymal stem cells without altering their differentiation potency. Acta Biomater 2015; 27:42-52. [PMID: 26320543 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are clinically adapted gene transfer vectors for direct human cartilage regenerative medicine. Their appropriate use in patients is still limited by a relatively low efficacy of vector penetration inside the cells, by the pre-existing humoral immune responses against the viral capsid proteins in a large part of the human population, and by possible inhibition of viral uptake by clinical compounds such as heparin. The delivery of rAAV vectors to their targets using optimized vehicles is therefore under active investigation. Here, we evaluated the possibility of providing rAAV to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a potent source of cartilage regenerative cells, via self-assembled poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) triblock copolymers as linear poloxamers or X-shaped poloxamines. Encapsulation in poloxamer PF68 and poloxamine T908 polymeric micelles allowed for an effective, durable, and safe modification of hMSCs via rAAV to levels similar to or even higher than those noted upon direct vector application. The copolymers were capable of restoring the transduction of hMSCs with rAAV in conditions of gene transfer inhibition, i.e. in the presence of heparin or of a specific antibody directed against the rAAV capsid, enabling effective therapeutic delivery of a chondrogenic sox9 sequence leading to an enhanced chondrocyte differentiation of the cells. The present findings highlight the value of PEO-PPO copolymers as powerful tools for rAAV-based cartilage regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE While recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors are adapted vectors to treat a variety of human disorders, their clinical use is still restricted by pre-existing antiviral immune responses, by a low efficacy of natural vector entry in the target cells, and by inhibition of viral uptake by clinically used compounds like heparin. The search for alternative routes of rAAV delivery is thus becoming a new field of investigation. In the present study, we describe the strong benefits of providing rAAV to human mesenchymal stem cells, a potent source of cells for regenerative medicine, encapsulated in polymeric micelles based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) triblock copolymers as novel, effective and safe delivery systems for human gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany.
| | - Jagadeesh K Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Janina Frisch
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Rial-Hermida
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15702 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany; Department of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany
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Limón D, Amirthalingam E, Rodrigues M, Halbaut L, Andrade B, Garduño-Ramírez ML, Amabilino DB, Pérez-García L, Calpena AC. Novel nanostructured supramolecular hydrogels for the topical delivery of anionic drugs. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 96:421-36. [PMID: 26409201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A bis-imidazolium-based amphiphilic molecule was used to form novel supramolecular gels in ethanol-water mixtures. The proportion of solvents, the concentration of gellant and the temperature are factors that strongly influence the gelling process. The physical gels that are formed comprise entangled fibers of around 100nm in diameter, able to incorporate anionic drugs, whose morphology varies depending on the drug they incorporate. These hydrogels are soft and therefore optimum for skin application. They show good stability when compared to previously reported gels. Suitable drug release and skin permeation profiles were obtained, and, moreover, they seem to promote the retention of the drug inside the skin. Finally, effective in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was observed, especially with the indomethacin-incorporated gel, which indicates that these supramolecular hydrogels are a good option for the delivery of poor water soluble drugs for the treatment of acute inflammation or other skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Limón
- Departament de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ezhil Amirthalingam
- Departament de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mafalda Rodrigues
- Departament de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lyda Halbaut
- Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXI, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berenice Andrade
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Garduño-Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - David B Amabilino
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus Universitari, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Lluïsa Pérez-García
- Departament de Farmacologia i Química Terapèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana C Calpena
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia IN2UB, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXI, s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Wang Y, Han N, Zhao Q, Bai L, Li J, Jiang T, Wang S. Redox-responsive mesoporous silica as carriers for controlled drug delivery: a comparative study based on silica and PEG gatekeepers. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 72:12-20. [PMID: 25701727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) modified with polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) through the biodegradable disulfide bonds were prepared to achieve 'on demand' drug release. In this system, PEG chains were chosen as the representative gatekeepers that can block drugs within the mesopores of MSNs. After the addition of glutathione (GSH), the gatekeepers were removed from the pore outlets of MSNs, followed by the release of encapsulated drugs. In this research, the effects of grafting density of gatekeepers on the drug release and biocompatibility of silica carriers were also investigated. First, PEG modified MSNs were prepared by the condensation reaction between the carboxyl groups of MSN and the hydroxyl of PEG. The structure of the resultant MSN-SS-PEG was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Rhodamine B (RhB) as the model drug was loaded into MSNs. The in vitro assay results indicated that RhB was released rapidly after the addition of 10 mM GSH; M1-SS-PEG had the best capping efficiency compared with M0.5 and M1.5 groups. Moreover, hemolysis assay, serum protein adsorption and cell viability test indicated that with the increase of PEG grafting density, the biocompatibility of silica carriers increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Ning Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Ling Bai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Tongying Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China
| | - Siling Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110016, PR China.
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Simões SMN, Rey-Rico A, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Supramolecular cyclodextrin-based drug nanocarriers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:6275-89. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc10388b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hosting of polymers, lipids and drug conjugates makes cyclodextrins suitable to prepare biocompatible, targetable and stimuli-responsive supramolecular drug nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana M. N. Simões
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- University of Coimbra
- Coimbra
- Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica
- Facultad de Farmacia
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
- Santiago de Compostela
- Spain
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26
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Inclusion and functionalization of polymers with cyclodextrins: current applications and future prospects. Molecules 2014; 19:14066-79. [PMID: 25207713 PMCID: PMC6272028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190914066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The numerous hydroxyl groups available in cyclodextrins are active sites that can form different types of linkages. They can be crosslinked with one another, or they can be derivatized to produce monomers that can form linear or branched networks. Moreover, they can form inclusion complexes with polymers and different substrates, modifying their physicochemical properties. This review shows the different applications using polymers with cyclodextrins, either by forming inclusion complexes, ternary complexes, networks, or molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). On one hand, the use of cyclodextrins enhances the properties of each polymer, and on the other the use of polymers decreases the amount of cyclodextrins required in different formulations. Both cyclodextrins and polymers contribute synergistically in several applications such as pharmacological, nutritional, environmental, and other industrial fields. The use of polymers based on cyclodextrins is a low cost easy to use potential tool with great future prospects.
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