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Iyer J, Brunsteiner M, Modhave D, Paudel A. Role of Crystal Disorder and Mechanoactivation in Solid-State Stability of Pharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:1539-1565. [PMID: 36842482 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Common energy-intensive processes applied in oral solid dosage development, such as milling, sieving, blending, compaction, etc. generate particles with surface and bulk crystal disorder. An intriguing aspect of the generated crystal disorder is its evolution and repercussion on the physical- and chemical stabilities of drugs. In this review, we firstly examine the existing literature on crystal disorder and its implications on solid-state stability of pharmaceuticals. Secondly, we discuss the key aspects related to the generation and evolution of crystal disorder, dynamics of the disordered/amorphous phase, analytical techniques to measure/quantify them, and approaches to model the disordering propensity from first principles. The main objective of this compilation is to provide special impetus to predict or model the chemical degradation(s) resulting from processing-induced manifestation in bulk solid manufacturing. Finally, a generic workflow is proposed that can be useful to investigate the relevance of crystal disorder on the degradation of pharmaceuticals during stability studies. The present review will cater to the requirements for developing physically- and chemically stable drugs, thereby enabling early and rational decision-making during candidate screening and in assessing degradation risks associated with formulations and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayant Iyer
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
| | | | - Dattatray Modhave
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Graz, Austria; Graz University of Technology, Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz Austria.
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Baraldi L, Bassanetti I, Mileo V, Amadei F, Sartori A, Venturi L. Quantitation of Commercially Available API Solid Forms by Application of the NMR-qSRC Approach: An Optimization Strategy Based on In Silico Simulations. Anal Chem 2021; 93:9049-9055. [PMID: 34159790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical forms of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) play a crucial role in drug discovery since 85% of API molecules exhibit polymorphism and sometimes complicated phase behavior, often resulting in important differences in the respective biochemical and physical properties. Characterization and quantitation of the different forms are becoming more and more essential in the pharmaceutical industry: once these characteristics are known, it is easier to choose the best solid form for development, formulation, manufacturing, and storage. Time domain-nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR) has recently been used to develop a quantitation protocol for solid mixtures, named qSRC, based on the linear combination of T1 saturation recovery curves (SRCs) collected on a bench-top instrument. Despite its potentials and ease of use, a limited number of application cases have been reported in the literature since its development and many aspects remain to be clarified for the technique to be adopted as a robust routinely industrial analytical tool. In the present work, the reliability of the qSRC approach has been studied by focusing on the role played by key experimental variables, including mixture composition, signal-to-noise ratio, and T1 differences. In silico simulations were carried out for a wide range of theoretical cases to predict the expected level of accuracy obtainable for a given sample-parameter acquisition set and to clearly define the range of applicability of the method. Results of the simulation are presented alongside a comparison with three real-case studies of commercially available APIs: piroxicam, naproxen sodium, and benzocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Baraldi
- Preclinical Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Largo Belloli, 43123 Parma, Italy.,Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Irene Bassanetti
- Preclinical Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Largo Belloli, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Mileo
- Preclinical Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Largo Belloli, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Amadei
- Preclinical Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Largo Belloli, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Sartori
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, 43123 Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Venturi
- Preclinical Analytics and Early Formulations Department, Chiesi Farmaceutici Spa, Largo Belloli, 43123 Parma, Italy
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Bagwan NUS, Sheokand S, Kaur A, Dubey G, Puri V, Bharatam PV, Bansal AK. Role of surface molecular environment and amorphous content in moisture sorption behavior of milled Terbutaline Sulphate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 161:105782. [PMID: 33675911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Milling may cause undesired changes in crystal topology, due to exposure of new facets, their corresponding functional groups and surface amorphization. This study investigated effect of milling induced surface amorphous content and chemical environment on moisture sorption behavior of a model hydrophilic drug, Terbutaline Sulphate (TBS). A Dynamic Vapor Sorption (DVS) based analytical method was developed to detect amorphous content, with LOD and LOQ of 0.41% and 1.24%w/w, respectively. The calibration curve gave a linear regression of 0.999 in a concentration range of 0-16.36%w/w amorphous content plotted against surface area normalized % weight change, due to moisture sorption. TBS was milled using air jet mill at 8 Bars for 3 cycles (D90- 3.46µm) and analyzed using the validated DVS method prior to and post conditioning. The moisture sorption was higher in case of milled unconditioned TBS. Molecular Dynamics Simulation (MDS) was performed to identify the cause for increased moisture sorption due to altered surface environment or amorphous content. The results implied that the new planes and functional groups exposed on milling had negligible contribution to moisture sorption and the higher moisture sorption in milled unconditioned TBS was due to surface amorphization. Conditioning under elevated humidity recrystallized the milling-induced surface amorphous content and led to decreased moisture sorption in milled conditioned TBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Ul Saba Bagwan
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Sneha Sheokand
- Biocon Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development Center (BBRC) Syngene, Bangalore, India
| | - Amanpreet Kaur
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Gurudutt Dubey
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India
| | - Vibha Puri
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 556 Morris Avenue, NJ 07901, USA.
| | - Prasad V Bharatam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India.
| | - Arvind Kumar Bansal
- Solid State Pharmaceutics Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Sector-67, S.A.S Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 160 062, India.
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Liaskoni A, Wildman RD, Roberts CJ. 3D printed polymeric drug-eluting implants. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120330. [PMID: 33540014 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An extrusion-based 3D printer has been used for the manufacturing of sustained drug release poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) implants. Such implants can address issues of reduced patient compliance due to the necessary frequent administration of conventional drug delivery systems, such as tablets, capsules and solutions. The selected model drug for this study was lidocaine. Polycaprolactone core-shell implants, as well as polymeric implants with no barrier shell were printed with different drug loading, without the addition of solvents or further excipients. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis revealed the structural integrity of the printed formulations, while Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) were used to detect potential chemical interactions or modifications. Raman spectroscopy was also used to study material distribution in the prints. The drug release rate of the differently printed formulations was evaluated using a USP4 flow-through cell apparatus. All printed implants demonstrated sustained lidocaine release and the effectiveness of the PCL barrier in this regard. The Korsmeyer-Peppas model was suggested as the best fit to drug release profiles for all the produced implants. This work demonstrates that hot-melt extrusion-based 3D printing is a robust and promising technology for the production of personalisable drug-eluting implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina Liaskoni
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Ricky D Wildman
- Centre for Additive Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Clive J Roberts
- Advanced Materials and Healthcare Technologies, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.
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A Novel Method for the Evaluation of the Long-Term Stability of Cream Formulations Containing Natural Oils. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7040086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This aim of this study is to prepare four novel oil-in-water creams from 100% naturally sourced oil ingredients such as jojoba, baobab and coconut oil, and compare the effect of the oils on the physico-chemical properties of the creams and their short- and long-term stability. Four 100 g each oil-in-water active containing creams and their controls (without the active ingredient) were formulated and stored in eight separate glass jars. The short-term stability of the creams was assessed via phase separation resistance, pH, microscopic size analysis, globule size, zeta potential, conductivity and microbial challenge evaluation after 8, 14 and 28 days, under three different storage temperature conditions (4 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C) and at ambient relative humidity. Model creams IA, IB, IIA, and IIB containing 1:1 of jojoba and baobab oil mix, all had good shelf-life or stability at the end of the 28 days after storage at 4 °C, 25 °C and 40 °C, compared to models IIIA, IVA and pairs. The long-term stability of creams stored at 25 °C for 28 days, was subsequently assessed using the Dynamic Vapor Sorption system. Model creams IB, IIB, IA and IIA showed the lowest percentage moisture loss or change in mass during a period of desorption steps. Therefore, the creams containing a mixture of jojoba and baobab oils are capable of retaining moisture easily for an extended period of time when compared to the creams containing jojoba and coconut oil or baobab and coconut oil combinations, thus they were proven to be the best products in terms of stability and quality. The stability ranking of the creams using the novel DVS method was in congruence with the results from the short-term stability experiments. This novel DVS method can, therefore, be generically applied in the cosmetic, food and pharmaceutical industries for the evaluation of the long-term stability of semisolids.
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Establishment of Lower Hygroscopicity and Adhesion Strategy for Infrared-Freeze-Dried Blueberries Based on Pretreatments Using CO2 Laser in Combination with Ultrasound. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02543-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Yang Q, Yuan F, Xu L, Yan Q, Yang Y, Wu D, Guo F, Yang G. An Update of Moisture Barrier Coating for Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11090436. [PMID: 31480542 PMCID: PMC6781284 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug hydrolytic degradation, caused by atmospheric and inherent humidity, significantly reduces the therapeutic effect of pharmaceutical solid dosages. Moisture barrier film coating is one of the most appropriate and effective approaches to protect the active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) from hydrolytic degradation during the manufacturing process and storage. Coating formulation design and process control are the two most commonly used strategies to reduce water vapor permeability to achieve the moisture barrier function. The principles of formulation development include designing a coating formulation with non-hygroscopic/low water activity excipients, and formulating the film-forming polymers with the least amount of inherent moisture. The coating process involves spraying organic or aqueous coating solutions made of natural or synthetic polymers onto the surface of the dosage cores in a drum or a fluid bed coater. However, the aqueous coating process needs to be carefully controlled to prevent hydrolytic degradation of the drug due to the presence of water during the coating process. Recently, different strategies have been designed and developed to effectively decrease water vapor permeability and improve the moisture barrier function of the film. Those strategies include newly designed coating formulations containing polymers with optimized functionality of moisture barrier, and newly developed dry coating processes that eliminate the usage of organic solvent and water, and could potentially replace the current solvent and aqueous coatings. This review aims to summarize the recent advances and updates in moisture barrier coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Feng Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Lei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qinying Yan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yan Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Danjun Wu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Fangyuan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Gensheng Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Particle Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Li J, Dong L, Xiao M, Qiao D, Wu K, Jiang F, Riffa SB, Su Y. A Novel and Accurate Method for Moisture Adsorption Isotherm Determination of Sultana Raisins. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01599-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Williams DR. Humidity induced collapse in freeze dried cakes: A direct visualization study using DVS. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 127:29-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Dutta S, Lefort R, Morineau D, Mhanna R, Merdrignac-Conanec O, Saint-Jalmes A, Leclercq T. Thermodynamics of binary gas adsorption in nanopores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:24361-9. [PMID: 27532892 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp01587e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MCM-41 nanoporous silicas show a very high selectivity for monoalcohols over aprotic molecules during adsorption of a binary mixture in the gas phase. We present here an original use of gravimetric vapour sorption isotherms to characterize the role played by the alcohol hydrogen-bonding network in the adsorption process. Beyond simple selectivity, vapour sorption isotherms measured for various compositions help to completely unravel at the molecular level the step by step adsorption mechanism of the binary system in the nanoporous solid, from the first monolayers to the complete liquid condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeet Dutta
- Institut de Physique de Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes, France.
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