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Aliyazdi S, Frisch S, Neu T, Veldung B, Karande P, Schaefer UF, Loretz B, Vogt T, Lehr CM. A Novel 3D Printed Model of Infected Human Hair Follicles to Demonstrate Targeted Delivery of Nanoantibiotics. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:4947-4957. [PMID: 38961601 PMCID: PMC11322910 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Hair follicle-penetrating nanoparticles offer a promising avenue for targeted antibiotic delivery, especially in challenging infections like acne inversa or folliculitis decalvans. However, demonstrating their efficacy with existing preclinical models remains difficult. This study presents an innovative approach using a 3D in vitro organ culture system with human hair follicles to investigate the hypothesis that antibiotic nanocarriers may reach bacteria within the follicular cleft more effectively than free drugs. Living human hair follicles were transplanted into a collagen matrix within a 3D printed polymer scaffold to replicate the follicle's microenvironment. Hair growth kinetics over 7 days resembled those of simple floating cultures. In the 3D model, fluorescent nanoparticles exhibited some penetration into the follicle, not observed in floating cultures. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria displayed similar distribution profiles postinfection of follicles. While rifampicin-loaded lipid nanocapsules were as effective as free rifampicin in floating cultures, only nanoencapsulated rifampicin achieved the same reduction of CFU/mL in the 3D model. This underscores the hair follicle microenvironment's critical role in limiting conventional antibiotic treatment efficacy. By mimicking this microenvironment, the 3D model demonstrates the advantage of topically administered nanocarriers for targeted antibiotic therapy against follicular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Aliyazdi
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Saarland
University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Sarah Frisch
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Saarland
University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Tobias Neu
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Saarland
University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Barbara Veldung
- Specialist
in Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Saarbrücken 66111, Germany
| | - Pankaj Karande
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic
Institute, Troy, New York 12180, United States
| | | | - Brigitta Loretz
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
| | - Thomas Vogt
- Clinic
for Dermatology, University Clinic Homburg, Kirrberger Str., Homburg 66424, Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Department
of Drug Delivery, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Campus E8 1, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
- Saarland
University, Saarbrücken 66123, Germany
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Sun R, Xia Q, Sun Y. A Novel Strategy for Topical Administration by Combining Chitosan Hydrogel Beads with Nanostructured Lipid Carriers: Preparation, Characterization, and Evaluation. Gels 2024; 10:160. [PMID: 38534578 DOI: 10.3390/gels10030160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to develop and evaluate NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads for topical administration. The feasibility of the preparation technology was verified by investigating various formulation factors and the impact of chitosan hydrogel beads on the NLC. The encapsulation efficiency of NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads was above 95% in optimized process conditions. The physical characterization of the NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads showed that the NLC was distributed within the network of the chitosan hydrogel beads. Furthermore, the incorporation of NLC into the chitosan hydrogel beads was related to the electrostatic interaction between the surface of the NLC and chitosan, which influenced the lipid ordering degree of the NLC and contributed to the stability. The stability studies showed that the retention rate of quercetin in the NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads was 88.63 ± 2.57% after 10 months of storage under natural daylight. An in vitro permeation study showed that NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads exhibited superior ability in enhancing skin permeation by hydrophobic active ingredients compared to the NLC and significantly increased skin accumulation. These studies demonstrated that the use of NLC-chitosan hydrogel beads might be a promising strategy for the delivery of hydrophobic active ingredients in topical administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yufeng Sun
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Petrová E, Chvíla S, Balouch M, Štěpánek F, Zbytovská J. Nanoformulations for dermal delivery of imiquimod: The race of "soft" against "hard". Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123577. [PMID: 37931726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Imiquimod (IMQ) is an immunostimulating agent used in the treatment of basal cell carcinoma and actinic keratosis. Due to its low solubility and poor skin bioavailability, the dermal formulation of IMQ remains challenging. In analogy to tyre compounds used in Formula 1 racing, we compare four types of nanosystems belonging to three groups: (i) "hard" nanoparticles in the form of IMQ nanocrystals, (ii) "intermediate" nanoparticles in the form of liposomes and lipid nanocapsules, and (iii) "soft" nanoparticles in the form of a nanoemulsion based on oleic acid. The nanoemulsion and nanocrystals were able to incorporate the highest amount of IMQ (at least 2 wt%) compared to liposomes (0.03 wt%) and lipid nanocapsules (0.08 wt%). Regarding size, liposomes, and lipid nanocapsules were rather small (around 40 nm) whereas nanocrystals and nanoemulsion were larger (around 200 nm). All developed nanoformulations showed high efficiency to deliver IMQ into the skin tissue without undesirable subsequent permeation through the skin to acceptor. Especially, the 2 wt% IMQ nanoemulsion accumulated 129 μg/g IMQ in the skin, compared to 34 μg/g of a 5 wt% commercial cream. The effects of the respective nanoparticulate systems were discussed with respect to their possible diffusion kinetics (Brownian motion vs. settling) in the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Petrová
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Chvíla
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Balouch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - František Štěpánek
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 3, 166 28 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Jarmila Zbytovská
- Department of Organic Technology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Yao S, Chen N, Sun X, Wang Q, Li M, Chen Y. Size-Dependence of the Skin Penetration of Andrographolide Nanosuspensions: In Vitro Release-Ex Vivo Permeation Correlation and Visualization of the Delivery Pathway. Int J Pharm 2023:123065. [PMID: 37225025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Particle size is a key parameter to determine the capacity of nanoparticles to overcome the skin barrier; however, such effect and the possible mechanism remain only partially understood for nanosuspensions. In this work, we examined the skin delivery performance of andrographolide nanosuspensions (AG-NS) ranging in diameter from 250 nm to 1000 nm and analyzed the role of particle size in influencing their ability of skin penetration. The AG-NS with particle sizes of about 250 nm (AG-NS250), 450 nm (AG-NS450), and 1000 nm (AG-NS1000) were successfully prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy. The drug release and penetration via the intact and barrier-removed skin were compared by the Franz cell method, and the related mechanisms were probed using laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) via visualization of penetration routes and histopathological study via observation of structural change of the skin. Our finding revealed that drug retention in the skin or its sub-layers was increased with the reduction of particle size, and the drug permeability through the skin also exhibited an obvious dependence on the particle size from 250 nm to 1000 nm. The linear relationship between the in vitro drug release and ex vivo permeation through the intact skin was well established among different preparations and in each preparation, indicating the skin permeation of the drug was mainly determined by the release process. The LSCM indicated that all these nanosuspensions could deliver the drug into the intercellular lipid space, as well as block the hair follicle in the skin, where a similar size dependence was also observed. The histopathological investigation showed that the formulations could make the stratum corneum of the skin loose and swelling without severe irritation. In conclusion, the reduction of particle size of nanosuspension would facilitate topical drug retention mainly via the modulation of drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Naiying Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Xinxing Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Mingming Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Lipid nanocapsules enhance the transdermal delivery of drugs regardless of their physico-chemical properties. Int J Pharm 2022; 628:122264. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Chen Y, Feng X, Meng S. Site-specific drug delivery in the skin for the localized treatment of skin diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2019; 16:847-867. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2019.1645119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xun Feng
- Department of Sanitary Inspection, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengnan Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Ovarian carcinoma biological nanotherapy: Comparison of the advantages and drawbacks of lipid, polymeric, and hybrid nanoparticles for cisplatin delivery. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:475-483. [PMID: 30399584 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian carcinoma is one of the most common cancers among women. The most common type of ovarian cancer is epithelial ovarian cancer and cisplatin (DDP) is one of the most interesting chemotherapeutic drugs in clinical regimens for ovarian cancer. Nanoparticles (NPs) including lipid NPs, polymeric NPs, liposomes, dendrimers, oligomers, and nanotubes were usually used for anti-cancer drug delivery. In this study, DDP loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (DDP-NLC), polymeric NPs (DDP-PNP), and lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (DDP-LPN) were prepared for the evaluation in vitro and in vivo. The efficiency of these three kinds of the NPs was compared in terms of in vitro drug release, cellular uptake, in vitro cell growth inhibition, in vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and in vivo antitumor in mice. The size of DDP-PNP (119.8 nm) was smaller than DDP-NLC (132.4 nm) and DDP-LPN (141.2 nm). The release of DDP from DDP-NLC was faster than DDP-PNP. Cellular uptake efficiency of DDP-NLC and DDP-LPN was significantly higher than DDP-PNP. In vivo pharmacokinetics evaluation showed that plasma concentration - time curves (AUCs) of DDP-NLC, DDP-PNP, DDP-LPN and free DDP are 128, 210, 247, and 16 mg/L h, with T1/2 of 4.4, 5.1, 5.5, and 1.7 mg/L h. DDP-LPN exhibits the highest AUC and the longest T1/2. In vivo antitumor efficacy results investigated on ovarian cancer bearing BALB/c mice model demonstrated that DDP-LPN showed the strongest antitumor effect. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that DDP-NLC, DDP-PNP and DDP-LPN have different advantages due to the various evaluations. The in vivo anti-tumor results indicate that DDP-LPN may have the best tumor inhibition ability. DDP-NLC, DDP-PNP, and DDP-LPN developed in this study could be used as promising strategies for the treatment of ovarian cancer according to different demands.
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Mu H, Holm R. Solid lipid nanocarriers in drug delivery: characterization and design. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2018; 15:771-785. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2018.1504018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Holm
- Drug Product Development, Janssen Research and Development, Beerse, Belgium
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Yap WN. Tocotrienol-rich fraction attenuates UV-induced inflammaging: A bench to bedside study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2017; 17:555-565. [PMID: 28952200 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND UV radiation from the sun is the most common environmental stressor to damage the skin. It is now well established that photodamaged skin manifests signs of mild but chronic inflammation, termed as "inflammaging." Thus, there is an urgent need for anti-inflammatory regimes that can limit the damage caused by inflammation. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the possible palliative effects of a new topical nanoemulsion formulation containing tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) on UV-induced inflammation (erythema) of human skin. METHODS An in vitro model was used to demonstrate the ability of TRF to alleviate photodamage via attenuation of UV-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Two ex vivo models (skin antioxidative potential and radical sun protection factor) were used to determine the efficacy of different formulations of TRF on the skin. A UV-induced erythema protection test in 20 subjects was conducted. RESULTS In vitro studies involving HaCaT keratinocytes revealed that TRF possesses marked anti-inflammatory properties, as indicated by the attenuation of UV-induced upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. A 1% TRF formulation was found to be more effective in enhancing the endogenous antioxidative protection of skin compared to 1% TRF in medium chain triglycerides because of its higher penetration kinetic profile. The clinical study showed that formulated TRF was effective in reducing skin redness after UV irradiation as early as after 6 hours of application. A significant depigmentation was also observed in TRF treatment subjects. CONCLUSION TRF may serve as an anti-inflammatory compound that is safe to be applied daily to protect the skin from UV-induced inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ney Yap
- Research & Development, Davos Life Science Pte Ltd, Singapore, Singapore
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10
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You P, Yuan R, Chen C. Design and evaluation of lidocaine- and prilocaine-coloaded nanoparticulate drug delivery systems for topical anesthetic analgesic therapy: a comparison between solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:2743-2752. [PMID: 29075099 PMCID: PMC5609786 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s141031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Topical anesthesia analgesic therapy has diverse applicability in solving the barrier properties of skin and unfavorable physicochemical properties of drugs. Lidocaine (LID) combined with prilocaine (PRI) has been used as a topical preparation for dermal anesthesia for treatment of conditions such as paresthesia. Materials and methods In this study, for combination anesthesia and overcoming the drawbacks of LID and PRI, respectively, LID- and PRI-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were prepared and characterized by determination of their particle size, drug loading capacity, stability, in vitro drug release behavior and in vitro cellular viability. Ex vivo skin permeation and in vivo anesthesia analgesic efficiency of these two systems were also evaluated and compared. Results Results revealed that combination delivery of the dual drugs exhibited more remarkable efficiency than signal drug-loaded systems. SLN systems have better ex vivo skin permeation ability than NLCs. NLC systems revealed a stronger in vivo anesthesia analgesic effect than SLN systems. Conclusion It can be concluded that SLNs and NLCs have different advantages, and that both carriers are promising dual drug delivery systems for topical anesthetic analgesic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peijun You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Jining No 1 People's Hospital, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ran Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Jining No 1 People's Hospital, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Ternullo S, de Weerd L, Holsæter AM, Flaten GE, Škalko-Basnet N. Going skin deep: A direct comparison of penetration potential of lipid-based nanovesicles on the isolated perfused human skin flap model. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 121:14-23. [PMID: 28916504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipid-based nanocarriers are attractive drug carriers for improved local skin therapy. In the present study, the recently developed isolated perfused human skin flap (IPHSF) model was used to directly compare the skin penetration enhancing potential of the three commonly used nanocarriers, namely conventional liposomes (CLs), deformable liposomes (DLs) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). Two fluorescent markers, calcein (hydrophilic) or rhodamine (lipophilic), were incorporated individually in the three nanosystems. The nanocarrier size ranged between 200 and 300nm; the surface charge and entrapment efficiency for both markers were dependent on the lipid composition and the employed surfactant. Both carrier-associated markers could not penetrate the full thickness human skin, confirming their suitability for dermal drug delivery. CLs exhibited higher retention of both markers on the skin surface compared to DLs and SLNs, indicating a depo formation. DLs and SLNs enabled the deeper penetration of the two markers into the skin layers. In vitro and ex vivo skin penetration studies performed on the cellophane membrane and full thickness pig/human skin, respectively, confirmed the findings. In conclusion, efficient dermal drug delivery can be achieved by optimization of a lipid nanocarrier on the suitable skin-mimicking model to assure system's accumulation in the targeted skin layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selenia Ternullo
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Louis de Weerd
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Sykehusvegen 38, 9019 Tromsø and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Ann Mari Holsæter
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Gøril Eide Flaten
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Nataša Škalko-Basnet
- Drug Transport and Delivery Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Universitetsveien 57, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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Chen C, You P. A novel local anesthetic system: transcriptional transactivator peptide-decorated nanocarriers for skin delivery of ropivacaine. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2017; 11:1941-1949. [PMID: 28721013 PMCID: PMC5500491 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s135916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Barrier properties of the skin and physicochemical properties of drugs are the main factors for the delivery of local anesthetic molecules. The present work evaluates the anesthetic efficacy of drug-loaded nanocarrier (NC) systems for the delivery of local anesthetic drug, ropivacaine (RVC). Methods In this study, transcriptional transactivator peptide (TAT)-decorated RVC-loaded NCs (TAT-RVC/NCs) were successfully fabricated. Physicochemical properties of NCs were determined in terms of particle size, zeta potential, drug encapsulation efficiency, drug-loading capacity, stability, and in vitro drug release. The skin permeation of NCs was examined using a Franz diffusion cell mounted with depilated mouse skin in vitro, and in vivo anesthetic effect was evaluated in mice. Results The results showed that TAT-RVC/NCs have a mean diameter of 133.2 nm and high drug-loading capacity of 81.7%. From the in vitro skin permeation results, it was observed that transdermal flux of TAT-RVC/NCs was higher than that of RVC-loaded NCs (RVC/NCs) and RVC injection. The evaluation of in vivo anesthetic effect illustrated that TAT-RVC/NCs can enhance the transdermal delivery of RVC by reducing the pain threshold in mice. Conclusion These results indicate that TAT-decorated NCs systems are useful for overcoming the barrier function of the skin, decreasing the dosage of RVC and enhancing the anesthetic effect. Therefore, TAT-decorated NCs can be used as an effective transdermal delivery system for local anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Jining No 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Peijun You
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Jining No 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Jakubec M, Klimša V, Hanuš J, Biegaj K, Heng JY, Štěpánek F. Formation of multi-compartmental drug carriers by hetero-aggregation of polyelectrolyte microgels. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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