1
|
Erdogan ZO, Balci H. A novel spectrophotometric method based on plasmonic nanoparticles for nicotine detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 285:121853. [PMID: 36115307 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, a spectrophotometric method for nicotine detection based on plasmonic nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs) is proposed. Due to their specific properties, plasmonic nanoparticles have become interesting to use in the development of sensitive analytical methods. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) absorption bands for AgNPs and AuNPs with a wavelength at 395.5 nm (A395.5) and 543.5 (A543.5) nm, respectively, are used for the detection. Experimental variables such as solvent type and pH were optimized so as to determine the optimum working conditions. The analytical calibration curve for both AgNPs and AuNPs based on spectrophotometric methods was prepared with nicotine concentrations range from 0.10 to 5.00 μM (R2 = 0.9903) and 0.001-0.300 μM (R2 = 0.9960), respectively. The detection limits were found to be 0.001 µM for AuNPs based method and 0.09 µM for AgNPs based method. The proposed nanoparticle-based spectrophotometric methods showed a good stability, selectivity and low detection limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Ozden Erdogan
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06291 Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Hakan Balci
- Department of Pharmacy Services, Vocational School, Yuksek Ihtisas University, 06291 Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bhat SA, Ahamad S, Dar NJ, Siddique YH, Nazir A. The Emerging Landscape of Natural Small-molecule Therapeutics for Huntington's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:867-889. [PMID: 36797612 PMCID: PMC10227909 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230216104621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare and fatal neurodegenerative disorder with no diseasemodifying therapeutics. HD is characterized by extensive neuronal loss and is caused by the inherited expansion of the huntingtin (HTT) gene that encodes a toxic mutant HTT (mHTT) protein having expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) residues. Current HD therapeutics only offer symptomatic relief. In fact, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved two synthetic small-molecule VMAT2 inhibitors, tetrabenazine (1) and deutetrabenazine (2), for managing HD chorea and various other diseases in clinical trials. Therefore, the landscape of drug discovery programs for HD is evolving to discover disease- modifying HD therapeutics. Likewise, numerous natural products are being evaluated at different stages of clinical development and have shown the potential to ameliorate HD pathology. The inherent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of natural products mitigate the mHTT-induced oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, improve mitochondrial functions, and augment the anti-apoptotic and pro-autophagic mechanisms for increased survival of neurons in HD. In this review, we have discussed HD pathogenesis and summarized the anti-HD clinical and pre-clinical natural products, focusing on their therapeutic effects and neuroprotective mechanism/s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Shakir Ahamad
- Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India
| | - Nawab John Dar
- School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, Texas, TX, USA
| | | | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P., India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Oleamide Reduces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Toxicity in Rat Cortical Slices Through the Combined Action of Cannabinoid Receptors Activation and Induction of Antioxidant Activity. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:2167-2178. [PMID: 36069981 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00575-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The potential treatment of neurodegenerative disorders requires the development of novel pharmacological strategies at the experimental level, such as the endocannabinoid-based therapies. The effects of oleamide (OEA), a fatty acid primary amide with activity on cannabinoid receptors, was tested against mitochondrial toxicity induced by the electron transport chain complex II inhibitor, 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP), in rat cortical slices. OEA prevented the 3-NP-induced loss of mitochondrial function/cell viability at a concentration range of 5 nM-25 µM, and this protective effect was observed only when the amide was administered as pretreatment, but not as post-treatment. The preservation of mitochondrial function/cell viability induced by OEA in the toxic model induced by 3-NP was lost when the slices were pre-incubated with the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) selective inhibitor, AM281, or the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) selective inhibitor, JTE-907. The 3-NP-induced inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (mitochondrial Complex II) activity was recovered by 25 nM OEA. The amide also prevented the increased lipid peroxidation and the changes in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio induced by 3-NP. The cell damage induced by 3-NP, assessed as incorporation of cellular propidium iodide, was mitigated by OEA. Our novel findings suggest that the neuroprotective properties displayed by OEA during the early stages of damage to cortical cells involve the converging activation of CB1R and CB2R and the increase in antioxidant activity, which combined may emerge from the preservation of the functional integrity of mitochondria.
Collapse
|
4
|
Lum PT, Sekar M, Gan SH, Bonam SR, Shaikh MF. Protective Effect of Natural Products against Huntington's Disease: An Overview of Scientific Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanism of Action. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:391-418. [PMID: 33475334 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease, normally starts in the prime of adult life, followed by a gradual occurrence of characteristic psychiatric disturbances and cognitive and motor dysfunction. To the best of our knowledge, there is no treatment available to completely mitigate the progression of HD. Among various therapeutic approaches, exhaustive literature reports have confirmed the medicinal benefits of natural products in HD experimental models. Building on this information, this review presents a brief overview of the neuroprotective mechanism(s) of natural products against in vitro/in vivo models of HD. Relevant studies were identified from several scientific databases, including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar. After screening through literature from 2005 to the present, a total of 14 medicinal plant species and 30 naturally isolated compounds investigated against HD based on either in vitro or in vivo models were included in the present review. Behavioral outcomes in the HD in vivo model showed that natural compounds significantly attenuated 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced memory loss and motor incoordination. The biochemical alteration has been markedly alleviated with reduced lipid peroxidation, increased endogenous enzymatic antioxidants, reduced acetylcholinesterase activity, and increased mitochondrial energy production. Interestingly, following treatment with certain natural products, 3-NP-induced damage in the striatum was ameliorated, as seen histologically. Overall, natural products afforded varying degrees of neuroprotection in preclinical studies of HD via antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, preservation of mitochondrial function, inhibition of apoptosis, and induction of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, 30450 Perak, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, 30450 Perak, Malaysia
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe-Immunopathologie et Immunointervention Thérapeutique, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris 75006, France
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Calabrese EJ, Bhatia TN, Calabrese V, Dhawan G, Giordano J, Hanekamp YN, Kapoor R, Kozumbo WJ, Leak RK. Cytotoxicity models of Huntington’s disease and relevance of hormetic mechanisms: A critical assessment of experimental approaches and strategies. Pharmacol Res 2019; 150:104371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
6
|
Bortolatto CF, Reis AS, Pinz MP, Voss GT, Oliveira RL, Vogt AG, Roman S, Jesse CR, Luchese C, Wilhelm EA. Selective A 2A receptor antagonist SCH 58261 modulates striatal oxidative stress and alleviates toxicity induced by 3-Nitropropionic acid in male Wistar rats. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1919-1927. [PMID: 28795281 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-0086-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of SCH58261, a selective adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, on striatal toxicity induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) in rats. The experimental protocol consisted of 10 administrations (once a day) of SCH58261 (0.01 or 0.05 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal, i.p.). From 7th to 10th day, 3-NP (20 mg/kg/day, i.p.) was injected 1 h after SCH58261 administration. Twenty-four hours after the last 3-NP injection, the body weight gain, locomotor activity (open-field test), motor coordination (rotarod test), striatal succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and parameters linked to striatal oxidative status were evaluated in rats. The marked body weight loss resulting from 3-NP injections in rats was partially protected by SCH 58261 at both doses. SCH 58261 at the highest dose was effective against impairments on motor coordination and locomotor activity induced by 3-NP. SCH 58261 was unable to restore the inhibition of SDH activity caused by 3-NP. In addition, the increase in striatal reactive species (RS) levels, depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) content and stimulation of glutathione reductase (GR) activity provoked by 3-NP injections were alleviated by both doses of SCH 58261. The highest dose of SCH 58261 was also effective in attenuating the increase of protein carbonyl levels as well as the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in rats exposed to 3-NP. Our results revealed that reduction of oxidative stress in rat striatum by adenosine A2A receptor antagonism contributes for alleviating 3-NP-induced toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristiani F Bortolatto
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil.
| | - Angélica S Reis
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Mikaela P Pinz
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme T Voss
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Renata L Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Ane G Vogt
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Silvane Roman
- Universidade Regional Integrada, Campus Erechim, Erechim, RS, CEP 99700-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiano R Jesse
- Laboratório de Avaliações Farmacológicas e Toxicológicas Aplicadas às Moléculas Bioativas - LaftamBio Pampa, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Itaqui, RS, CEP 97650-000, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBio), Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, RS, CEP 96010-900, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ijomone OM, Olaibi OK, Nwoha PU. Effects of chronic nicotine administration on body weight, food intake and nitric oxide concentration in female and male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 21:185-90. [PMID: 25159662 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine is readily consumed through cigarettes; however it is also easily consumed through the various forms of non-prescription nicotine replacement therapy. It has been shown to possess potential therapeutic value for the management of neurologic and neurodegenerative diseases in the last decade. Hence, this study examined the effects of chronic subcutaneous nicotine administration on food intake and body weight as well as on nitric oxide concentrations and total antioxidant capacity in female and male rats. Nicotine was administered to rats via subcutaneous injections at doses of 0.25, 2 and 4mg/kg body weight for 28 days. Control groups received normal saline; the vehicle for nicotine. Food intake by each group was monitored daily and body weight of the animals was measured twice weekly. At the end of drug administration, blood was obtained from each animal via cardiac puncture for biochemical determination of serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and nitric (NO) concentrations using standard assay kits. Results show significant loss (p<0.05) of body weight in all nicotine treated female rats. In contrast, male rats showed weight gain, though this was significantly lower (p<0.001) in nicotine treated groups compared to control. Nicotine significantly reduced (p<0.001) food consumed in both female and male rats; however dose related changes were observed in only male rats. No significant difference was observed in TAC following nicotine treatments for both female and male rats. Furthermore, only males exhibited changes in NO concentrations following nicotine treatment, as it significantly increased (p<0.01) NO concentrations in all male treated groups. In conclusion, this study has shown that modulation of body weight, food consumption and nitric oxide formation by nicotine is sexually dimorphic. Also, the study suggests that nicotine modulation of food intake and body weight and its modulation of NO may be independent of each other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omamuyovwi Meashack Ijomone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria; Department of Human Anatomy, Cross River University of Technology, Okuku, Cross River, Nigeria.
| | - Olayemi Kafilat Olaibi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| | - Polycarp Umunna Nwoha
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Thangarajan S, Deivasigamani A, Natarajan SS, Krishnan P, Mohanan SK. Neuroprotective activity ofL-theanine on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat striatum. Int J Neurosci 2014; 124:673-84. [DOI: 10.3109/00207454.2013.872642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
9
|
Neuroprotective role of PDE4 and PDE5 inhibitors in 3-nitropropionic acid induced behavioral and biochemical toxicities in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 714:515-21. [PMID: 23831390 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors have been reported to be beneficial in cognitive and motor disorders. In the present study, we have investigated the effects of RO 20-1724 (PDE4 inhibitor) and sildenafil (PDE5 inhibitor) in 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) induced experimental Huntington's disease in rats. 3-Nitropropionic acid was administered for 14 days (10 mg/kg i.p.) 1h following 3-NP administration, the rats were treated with either vehicle, RO 20-1724 (0.25 and 0.5 mg/kg i.p.) or sildenafil (2 and 4 mg/kg i.p.) for 14 days. Cognitive functions were assessed by using Morris water maze whereas, motor functions were assessed by spontaneous locomotor activity, limb withdrawal and suspended wire test at different time points. Biochemically, markers of oxidative stress and cell damage, such as reduced glutathione, malondialdehyde, nitrite and lactate dehydrogenase levels were assessed terminally in the brain homogenate. Chronic administration of 3-NP produced significant decrease in body weight, showed marked abnormalities in cognitive and motor functions. Further, significant oxidative-nitrosative stress and cell damage was also observed. Chronic administration of RO 20-1724 and sildenafil in 3-NP treated rats significantly and dose dependently attenuated 3-NP induced behavioral and biochemical abnormalities in rats. Both these drugs were equally effective in attenuating 3-NP induced neurotoxicity. These results suggesting that the inhibition of PDE4 and PDE5 would be therapeutic in neurodegenerative disorders associated with cognitive and motor dysfunction.
Collapse
|
10
|
Organoselenium Bis Selenide Attenuates 3-Nitropropionic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. Neurotox Res 2012; 23:214-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-012-9336-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2011] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
11
|
Kumar P, Kalonia H, Kumar A. Possible nitric oxide modulation in protective effect of FK-506 against 3-nitropropionic acid-induced behavioral, oxidative, neurochemical, and mitochondrial alterations in rat brain. Drug Chem Toxicol 2010; 33:377-92. [DOI: 10.3109/01480541003642050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
12
|
Túnez I, Tasset I, Pérez-De La Cruz V, Santamaría A. 3-Nitropropionic acid as a tool to study the mechanisms involved in Huntington's disease: past, present and future. Molecules 2010; 15:878-916. [PMID: 20335954 PMCID: PMC6263191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15020878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2009] [Revised: 01/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inheritable autosomal-dominant disorder whose causal mechanisms remain unknown. Experimental models have begun to uncover these pathways, thus helping to understand the mechanisms implicated and allowing for the characterization of potential targets for new therapeutic strategies. 3-Nitropropionic acid is known to produce in animals behavioural, biochemical and morphologic changes similar to those occurring in HD. For this reason, this phenotypic model is gaining attention as a valuable tool to mimick this disorder and further developing new therapies. In this review, we will focus on the past and present research of this molecule, to finally bring a perspective on what will be next in this promising field of study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Maimónides de Investigaciones Biomédicas de Córdoba, Universidad de Córdoba, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kumar P, Kumar A. Possible neuroprotective effect of Withania somnifera root extract against 3-nitropropionic acid-induced behavioral, biochemical, and mitochondrial dysfunction in an animal model of Huntington's disease. J Med Food 2009; 12:591-600. [PMID: 19627208 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2008.0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results from the destruction of neurons in the basal ganglia, and oxidative stress has been implicated in its pathogenesis. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NP), a potent neurotoxin, has been reported to induce oxidative/nitrosative stress and causes neurobehavioral and biochemical changes that mimic HD in humans. It also inhibits complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, thereby causing cellular energy deficit. In the present work, we evaluated the effects of a well-known antioxidant on behavioral, biochemical, and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by 3-NP. The study was designed to investigate the effects of Withania somnifera root extract against 3-NP-induced gait abnormalities, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in striatum and cortex of rat brain. Intraperitoneal administration of 3-NP (10 mg/kg for 14 days) caused a loss in body weight and a decline in motor function (locomotor activity and impaired rotarod activity). Chronic treatment with W. somnifera root extracts (100 and 200 mg/kg) for a period of 2 weeks dose-dependently improved 3-NP-induced behavioral, biochemical, and enzymatic changes (P < .05). Biochemical analysis revealed that systemic 3-NP administration significantly increased lipid peroxidation and nitrite and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme levels, depleted antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase and catalase) levels, and blocked ATP synthesis by inhibiting the mitochondrial complex activity in the different regions (striatum and cortex) of the brain. Chronic administration of W. somnifera root extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) dose-dependently restored biochemical alterations induced by chronic 3-NP treatment (P < .05). These findings suggest that neuroprotective actions of W. somnifera are mediated via its antioxidant activity. However, further studies are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved in order to support the clinical use of the plant extract as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Puneet Kumar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Túnez I, Drucker-Colín R, Montilla P, Peña J, Jimena I, Medina FJ, Tasset I. Protective effect of nicotine on oxidative and cell damage in rats with depression induced by olfactory bulbectomy. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 627:115-8. [PMID: 19887066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.10.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2009] [Revised: 09/24/2009] [Accepted: 10/14/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of nicotine on cell and oxidative damage caused by olfactory bulbectomy (OBX). The rats were divided into seven groups as follows: i) control; ii) vehicle (6% ethanol); iii) treated with nicotine; iv) sham operated; v) olfactory bulbectomy (OBX); vi) OBX+vehicle; and vii) OBX+Nic. The OBX was performed using the trepanation of frontal bone. The olfactory bulbs were cut and removed without damage to the frontal cortex. Two weeks after surgery nicotine was administered chronically once daily for 14 days, intraperitoneally (i.p.) in doses of 1.5 mg/kg, two weeks after surgery. OBX caused an increase in lipid peroxidation products and caspase-3 but prompted a reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) content and antioxidative enzyme activity. All these changes were reverted by treatment of nicotine (14 days). In conclusions: i) OBX induces oxidative stress and cell death by apoptosis; and ii) nicotine presents antidepressant and antioxidant effect. All these findings suggest that nicotine would be a therapeutic tool for depression, although more studies are needed in this area to define the appropriate treatment regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Córdoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004-Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Neuroprotective effect of carvedilol and melatonin on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma. J Physiol Biochem 2009; 65:291-6. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03180581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
16
|
Lee MY, Chen L, Toborek M. Nicotine attenuates iNOS expression and contributes to neuroprotection in a compressive model of spinal cord injury. J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:937-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
17
|
Antidepressant-like effects of nicotine and transcranial magnetic stimulation in the olfactory bulbectomy rat model of depression. Brain Res Bull 2008; 77:13-8. [PMID: 18582540 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2007] [Revised: 05/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we compared the depression-like symptoms induced by olfactory bulbectomy (OBX) in the two inbred Wistar and Long Evans rat strains. We also analyzed the self-regulated oral intake of nicotine in these strains and the effect of nicotine on the depression-like symptoms of olfactory bulbectomy. Furthermore, we compared the antidepressant-like effects of nicotine on Wistar rats to those of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which has emerged as a therapeutic alternative for depression management. Our results show that Wistar rats develop depression-like symptoms, demonstrated by the forced swim test (FST), 4 weeks after OBX. However, in bulbectomized Long Evans rats these symptoms cannot be assessed due to a higher degree of variability of the swimming behavior of this strain. These results suggest that there are some innate differences in susceptibility to stress between these two rat strains. In Wistar rats, voluntary oral nicotine intake (1.2 mg/(kg day) for 14 days) as well as nicotine administered as a single daily i.p. injection (1.5 mg/(kg day) for 14 days) decrease the depression-like symptoms of OBX. Daily transcranial magnetic stimulation (60 Hz and 0.7 mT for 2h/day for 14 days) also decreases depression-like symptoms but is less effective than nicotine. In conclusion, our results support the idea that there are possible innate differences for depression susceptibility and that nicotine and TMS may be useful in the treatment of this syndrome.
Collapse
|
18
|
Túnez I, Feijóo M, Collado JA, Medina FJ, Peña J, Muñoz MDC, Jimena I, Franco F, Rueda I, Muntané J, Montilla P. Effect of testosterone on oxidative stress and cell damage induced by 3-nitropropionic acid in striatum of ovariectomized rats. Life Sci 2007; 80:1221-7. [PMID: 17266993 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Revised: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 12/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the effects of testosterone (0.5 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.) for 8 days) on oxidative stress and cell damage induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (20 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 4 days) in ovariectomized rats. Gonadectomy triggered oxidative damage and cell loss, evaluated by the detection of caspase-3, whereas 3-nitropropionic acid increased the levels of oxidative stress induced by ovariectomy and prompted cell damage characterized by enhanced levels of lactate dehydrogenase. These changes were blocked by testosterone administration. Our results support the following conclusions: i) ovariectomy triggers oxidative and cell damage via caspase-3 in the striatum; ii) 3-nitropropionic acid exacerbates oxidative stress induced by ovariectomy and leads to cell damage characterized by increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase; iii) testosterone administration decreases oxidative stress and cell damage. Additionally, these data support the hypothesis that testosterone might play an important role in the onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Avda. Menendez Pidal s/n, 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Túnez I, Montilla P, del Carmen Muñoz M, Medina FJ, Drucker-Colín R. Effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on oxidative stress induced by 3-nitropropionic acid in cortical synaptosomes. Neurosci Res 2006; 56:91-5. [PMID: 16837092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2006.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Revised: 05/02/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS; 60 Hz and 0.7 mT) treatment on 3-nitropropionic acid (20 mg/kg i.p./day for 4 days)-induced oxidative stress in cortical synaptosomes of Wistar rats. The oxidative derangement was confirmed by a high level of lipid peroxidation products and protein carbonyls, together with a decreased in reduced glutathione (GSH) content, catalase and GSH-peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Additionally, it was observed a reduction in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity. All changes were partially prevented or reversed by administration of TMS. These results show that TMS reduces oxidative stress in cortical synaptosomes, and suggest that TMS may protect neuronal and maintain synaptic integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Túnez I, Collado JA, Medina FJ, Peña J, Del C Muñoz M, Jimena I, Franco F, Rueda I, Feijóo M, Muntané J, Montilla P. 17 β-Estradiol may affect vulnerability of striatum in a 3-nitropropionic acid-induced experimental model of Huntington's disease in ovariectomized rats. Neurochem Int 2006; 48:367-73. [PMID: 16420966 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2005.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2005] [Accepted: 11/18/2005] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of present study was to clarify the role of female sex hormones in the development and course of neurodegenerative disease in an experimental model of Huntington's disease induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (NPA) (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)/day for 4 days) in ovariectomized rat. Gonadectomy prompted oxidative stress and cell death evaluated by the detection of caspase-3, whereas 3-nitropropionic acid enhanced the oxidative stress induced by ovariectomy and it triggered cell damage characterized by increases of LDH levels. These changes were prevented by administration of 17 beta-estradiol. Our findings suggested that: (i) ovariectomy induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the brain; (ii) 3-nitropropionic acid exacerbated oxidative stress induced by ovariectomy and shifting cell to cell death; and (iii) 17 beta-estradiol administration decreased oxidative stress and cell death induced by ovariectomy and 3-nitropropionic acid. These results revealed that sex ovarian hormones play a important role in onset and development of neurodegenerative diseases, as well as neuroprotective effects of 17 beta-estradiol against the changes induced ovariectomy and ovariectomy plus 3-nitropropionic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cordoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Túnez I, Drucker-Colín R, Jimena I, Medina FJ, Muñoz MDC, Peña J, Montilla P. Transcranial magnetic stimulation attenuates cell loss and oxidative damage in the striatum induced in the 3-nitropropionic model of Huntington's disease. J Neurochem 2006; 97:619-30. [PMID: 16524377 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03724.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An investigation was conducted on the effect of transcranial magnetic field stimulation (TMS) on the free radical production and neuronal cell loss produced by 3-nitropropionic acid in rats. The effects of 3-nitropropionic acid were evaluated by examining the following changes in: the quantity of hydroperoxides and total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyl groups, reduced glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities; total nitrite and cell death [morphological changes, quantification of neuronal loss and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels]. Our results reveal that 3-nitropropionic acid induces oxidative and nitrosative stress in the striatum, prompts cell loss and also shows that TMS prevents the harmful effects induced by the acid. In conclusion, the results show the ability of TMS to modify neuronal response to 3-nitropropionic acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Túnez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, y, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pérez-De La Cruz V, González-Cortés C, Pedraza-Chaverrí J, Maldonado PD, Andrés-Martínez L, Santamaría A. Protective effect of S-allylcysteine on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction in rat brain synaptosomes. Brain Res Bull 2005; 68:379-83. [PMID: 16377446 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2005.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Revised: 09/23/2005] [Accepted: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
3-Nitropropionic acid is a neurotoxin that irreversibly inhibits succinate dehydrogenase, a relevant enzyme constituting the complex II of the respiratory chain during mitochondrial electron transport. 3-Nitropropionic acid is known to produce oxidative/nitrosative stress and evokes an experimental model of Huntington's disease. In this work we evaluated the effects of the antioxidant compound and major organosulfur garlic derivative, S-allylcysteine, on lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by 3-nitropropionic acid in synaptosomal fractions from rat brain. 3-Nitropropionic acid, at concentrations ranging 0.75-2.5 mM, produced enhanced levels of lipid peroxidation, while increasing concentrations of S-allylcysteine (0.1-2 mM) decreased the peroxidative action of 3-nitropropionic acid (1 mM) in synaptosomal fractions in a concentration-dependent manner. S-Allylcysteine (0.75 mM) also prevented the 3-nitropropionic acid (1mM)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings suggest that the protective actions that S-allylcysteine exert on the in vitro neurotoxicity induced by 3-nitropropionic acid are mediated by its antioxidant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pérez-De La Cruz
- Laboratorio de Aminoácidos Excitadores, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez S.S.A., México 14269, D.F., Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|