1
|
Smith MT, Kong D, Kuo A, Imam MZ, Williams CM. Analgesic Opioid Ligand Discovery Based on Nonmorphinan Scaffolds Derived from Natural Sources. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1612-1661. [PMID: 34995453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Strong opioid analgesics, including morphine, are the mainstays for treating moderate to severe acute pain and alleviating chronic cancer pain. However, opioid-related adverse effects, including nausea or vomiting, sedation, respiratory depression, constipation, pruritus (itch), analgesic tolerance, and addiction and abuse liability, are problematic. In addition, the use of opioids to relieve chronic noncancer pain is controversial due to the "opioid crisis" characterized by opioid misuse or abuse and escalating unintentional death rates due to respiratory depression. Hence, considerable research internationally has been aimed at the "Holy Grail" of the opioid analgesic field, namely the discovery of novel and safer opioid analgesics with improved opioid-related adverse effects. In this Perspective, medicinal chemistry strategies are addressed, where structurally diverse nonmorphinan-based opioid ligands derived from natural sources were deployed as lead molecules. The current state of play, clinical or experimental status, and novel opioid ligand discovery approaches are elaborated in the context of retaining analgesia with improved safety and reduced adverse effects, especially addiction liability.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mizoguchi H, Fujii H. Exploring μ-Opioid Receptor Splice Variants as a Specific Molecular Target for New Analgesics. Curr Top Med Chem 2020; 20:2866-2877. [PMID: 32962616 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666200922113430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Since a μ-opioid receptor gene containing multiple exons has been identified, the variety of splice variants for μ-opioid receptors have been reported in various species. Amidino-TAPA and IBNtxA have been discovered as new analgesics with different pharmacological profiles from morphine. These new analgesics show a very potent analgesic effect but do not have dependence liability. Interestingly, these analgesics show the selectivity to the morphine-insensitive μ-opioid receptor splice variants. The splice variants, sensitive to these new analgesics but insensitive to morphine, may be a better molecular target to develop the analgesics without side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Mizoguchi
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujii
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Medical Research Laboratories, School of Pharmacy, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Martin C, Dumitrascuta M, Mannes M, Lantero A, Bucher D, Walker K, Van Wanseele Y, Oyen E, Hernot S, Van Eeckhaut A, Madder A, Hoogenboom R, Spetea M, Ballet S. Biodegradable Amphipathic Peptide Hydrogels as Extended-Release System for Opioid Peptides. J Med Chem 2018; 61:9784-9789. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Martin
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Maria Dumitrascuta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Morgane Mannes
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Aquilino Lantero
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dominik Bucher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Katja Walker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Yannick Van Wanseele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Edith Oyen
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| | - Sophie Hernot
- In Vivo Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann Van Eeckhaut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Drug Analysis and Drug Information, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 103, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Annemieke Madder
- Organic and Biomimetic Chemistry Research Group, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Mariana Spetea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy and Center for Molecular Biosciences (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels B-1050, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhupathiraju NVDK, Hu X, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Couraud PO, Romero IA, Weksler B, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of BBB permeability, tumor cell uptake, and cytotoxicity of a series of carboranylporphyrin conjugates. J Med Chem 2014; 57:6718-28. [PMID: 25029034 PMCID: PMC4136688 DOI: 10.1021/jm500786c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A series of tri[(p-carboranylmethylthio)tetrafluorophenyl]porphyrin conjugates of linear and branched polyamines, glucose, arginine, tri(ethylene glycol), and Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-β-Ala (YRFA) peptide were synthesized. These conjugates were investigated for their BBB permeability in human hCMEC/D3 brain endothelial cells, and their cytotoxicity and uptake were assessed using human glioma T98G cells. For comparison purposes, a symmetric tetra[(p-carboranylmethylthio)tetrafluorophenyl]porphyrin was also synthesized, and its crystal structure was obtained. All porphyrin conjugates show low dark cytotoxicity (IC50>400 μM) and low phototoxicity (IC50>100 μM at 1.5 J/cm2) toward T98G cells. All conjugates were efficiently taken up by T98G cells, particularly the cationic polyamine and arginine conjugates, and were localized in multiple cellular organelles, including mitochondria and lysosomes. All compounds showed relatively low in vitro BBB permeability compared with that of lucifer yellow because of their higher molecular weight, hydrophobicity, and tendency for aggregation in solution. Within this series, the branched polyamine and YRFA conjugates showed the highest permeability coefficient, whereas the glucose conjugate showed the lowest permeability coefficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Pierre-Olivier Couraud
- Institut
COCHIN, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Ignacio A. Romero
- Institut
COCHIN, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Babette Weksler
- Institut
COCHIN, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mizoguchi H, Kon-No T, Watanabe H, Watanabe C, Yonezawa A, Sato T, Sakurada T, Sakurada S. Involvement of spinal release of α-neo-endorphin on the antinociceptive effect of TAPA. Peptides 2013; 50:139-44. [PMID: 24126280 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The antinociceptive effect of i.t.-administered Tyr-d-Arg-Phe-β-Ala (TAPA), an N-terminal tetrapeptide analog of dermorphin, was characterized in ddY mice. In the mouse tail-flick test, TAPA administered i.t. produced a potent antinociception. The antinociception induced by TAPA was significantly attenuated by i.t. pretreatment with the κ-opioid receptor antagonist nor-binaltorphimine, as well as by the μ-opioid receptor antagonist β-funaltrexamine and the μ1-opioid receptor antagonist naloxonazine. TAPA-induced antinociception was also significantly suppressed by co-administration of the μ1-opioid receptor antagonist Tyr-d-Pro-Phe-Phe-NH2 (d-Pro(2)-endomorphin-2) but not by co-administration of the μ2-opioid receptor antagonists Tyr-d-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2 (d-Pro(2)-endomorphin-1) and Tyr-d-Pro-Trp-Gly-NH2 (d-Pro(2)-Tyr-W-MIF-1). In CXBK mice whose μ1-opioid receptors were naturally reduced, the antinociceptive effect of TAPA was markedly suppressed compared to the parental strain C57BL/6ByJ mice. Moreover, the antinociception induced by TAPA was significantly attenuated by i.t. pretreatment with antiserum against the endogenous κ-opioid peptide α-neo-endorphin but not antisera against other endogenous opioid peptides. In prodynorphin-deficient mice, the antinociceptive effect of TAPA was significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. These results suggest that the spinal antinociception induced by TAPA is mediated in part through the release of α-neo-endorphin in the spinal cord via activation of spinal μ1-opioid receptors.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Analgesia/psychology
- Analgesics, Opioid/administration & dosage
- Analgesics, Opioid/antagonists & inhibitors
- Animals
- Endorphins/biosynthesis
- Endorphins/metabolism
- Gene Expression
- Immune Sera/pharmacology
- Injections, Spinal
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Naloxone/administration & dosage
- Naloxone/analogs & derivatives
- Naltrexone/administration & dosage
- Naltrexone/analogs & derivatives
- Narcotic Antagonists/administration & dosage
- Nociception/drug effects
- Nociception/physiology
- Oligopeptides/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oligopeptides/pharmacology
- Protein Precursors/biosynthesis
- Protein Precursors/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/genetics
- Receptors, Opioid, kappa/metabolism
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/deficiency
- Receptors, Opioid, mu/genetics
- Spinal Cord/drug effects
- Spinal Cord/metabolism
- Tail/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Mizoguchi
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mizoguchi H, Watanabe C, Higashiya T, Takeda S, Moriyama K, Aoki Y, Kon-no T, Takagi H, Yonezawa A, Sato T, Sakurada T, Sakurada S. Distinct physiological role of amidino-TAPA-sensitive and DAMGO-insensitive μ-opioid receptor splice variants in the mouse spinal cord. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 711:80-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
7
|
New vistas in opioid control of pain. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2012; 12:87-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2011.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
8
|
Mizoguchi H, Bagetta G, Sakurada T, Sakurada S. Dermorphin tetrapeptide analogs as potent and long-lasting analgesics with pharmacological profiles distinct from morphine. Peptides 2011; 32:421-7. [PMID: 21126548 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2010.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2010] [Revised: 11/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dermorphin (Tyr-d-Ala-Phe-Gly-Tyr-Pro-Ser-NH(2)) is a heptapeptide isolated from amphibian skin. With a very high affinity and selectivity for μ-opioid receptors, dermorphin shows an extremely potent antinociceptive effect. The structure-activity relationship studies of dermorphin analogs clearly suggest that the N-terminal tetrapeptide is the minimal sequence for agonistic activity at μ-opioid receptors, and that the replacement of the d-Ala(2) residue with d-Arg(2) makes the tetrapeptides resistant to enzymatic metabolism. At present, only a handful of dermorphin N-terminal tetrapeptide analogs containing d-Arg(2) have been developed. The analogs show potent antinociceptive activity that is greater than that of morphine with various injection routes, and retain high affinity and selectivity for μ-opioid receptors. Interestingly, some analogs show pharmacological profiles that are distinct from the traditional μ-opioid receptor agonists morphine and [d-Ala(2),NMePhe(4),Gly-ol(5)]enkephalin (DAMGO). These analogs stimulate the release of dynorphins through the activation of μ-opioid receptors. The activation of κ-opioid receptors by dynorphins is suggested to reduce the side effects of μ-opioid receptor agonists, e.g., dependence or antinociceptive tolerance. The dermorphin N-terminal tetrapeptide analogs containing d-Arg(2) may provide a new target molecule for developing novel analgesics that have fewer side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Mizoguchi
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 981-8558, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Involvement of mouse μ-opioid receptor splice variants in the spinal antinociception induced by the dermorphin tetrapeptide analog amidino-TAPA. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 651:66-72. [PMID: 21047509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2010] [Revised: 10/02/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of the mouse μ-opioid receptor (mMOR-1) splice variants in the antinociceptive effect of intrathecally (i.t.) administered N(α)-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-β-Ala (amidino-TAPA) and [D-Ala(2),N-MePhe(4),Gly-ol(5)]enkephalin (DAMGO) was investigated in mice by monitoring the recovery from acute antinociceptive tolerance to amidino-TAPA and DAMGO. A single i.t. pretreatment with DAMGO produced an acute antinociceptive tolerance, which peaked at 2h and disappeared within 5h after the pretreatment. In contrast, a single i.t. pretreatment with amidino-TAPA produced an acute antinociceptive tolerance, which disappeared within 3h after the pretreatment. The concomitant i.t. pretreatment with an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) for exon-1, exon-12, exon-13 or exon-14 of mMOR-1 maintained the acute antinociceptive tolerance to amidino-TAPA for 24h after the pretreatment. On the other hand, the concomitant i.t. pretreatment with an antisense ODN for exon-1 of mMOR-1, but not an antisense ODN for exon-12, exon-13 or exon-14 of mMOR-1, maintained the acute antinociceptive tolerance to DAMGO for 24h after the pretreatment. The present results suggest that the spinal antinociception of amidino-TAPA is partially mediated through the activation of the amidino-TAPA-sensitive and DAMGO-insensitive mMOR-1 splice variants MOR-1J, MOR-1K and MOR-1L, which contain the sequence encoded by exon-12, exon-13 and exon-14, respectively.
Collapse
|
10
|
Lack of a rewarding effect and a locomotor-enhancing effect of the selective μ-opioid receptor agonist amidino-TAPA. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010; 212:215-25. [PMID: 20683583 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-010-1946-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Psychological dependence is one of the worst side effects of morphine. It limits the clinical availability of morphine and non-patient morphine users suffer from addiction. An analgesic, which is more potent than morphine but without the liability of psychological dependence, has long been sought in the clinic. We have recently developed a new μ-opioid receptor agonist, N(α)-amidino-Tyr-D-Arg-Phe-β-Ala (amidino-TAPA), as a potent analgesic with an antinociceptive profile that is distinct from morphine, including the release of endogenous κ-opioid peptides. The activation of κ-opioid receptors has been suggested to suppress the development of psychological dependence by μ-opioid receptor agonists. In the present study, the psychological dependence liability and the related locomotor-enhancing effect of amidino-TAPA were evaluated. RESULTS Amidino-TAPA injected subcutaneously produced an extremely potent and longer lasting antinociception than morphine in ddY mice, prodynorphin-knockout mice, and wild-type C57BL/6J mice. Unlike subcutaneously injected morphine, which had potent locomotor-enhancing and rewarding effects at antinociceptive doses in ddY mice, amidino-TAPA injected subcutaneously did not induce significant locomotor-enhancing and rewarding effects at antinociceptive or even higher doses in ddY mice. In wild-type C57BL/6J mice, amidino-TAPA showed the same pharmacological profile (potent antinociception, lack of locomotor-enhancing and rewarding effects) as in ddY mice. However, amidino-TAPA produced potent locomotor-enhancing and rewarding effects at antinociceptive doses in prodynorphin-knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that amidino-TAPA is a potent analgesic without the liability of psychological dependence because it releases endogenous κ-opioid peptides.
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Abstract
This paper is the thirtieth consecutive installment of the annual review of research concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2007 that studied the behavioral effects of molecular, pharmacological and genetic manipulation of opioid peptides, opioid receptors, opioid agonists and opioid antagonists. The particular topics that continue to be covered include the molecular-biochemical effects and neurochemical localization studies of endogenous opioids and their receptors related to behavior, and the roles of these opioid peptides and receptors in pain and analgesia; stress and social status; tolerance and dependence; learning and memory; eating and drinking; alcohol and drugs of abuse; sexual activity and hormones, pregnancy, development and endocrinology; mental illness and mood; seizures and neurologic disorders; electrical-related activity and neurophysiology; general activity and locomotion; gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic functions; cardiovascular responses; respiration and thermoregulation; and immunological responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Bodnar
- Department of Psychology and Neuropsychology Doctoral Sub-Program, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd.,Flushing, NY 11367, United States.
| |
Collapse
|