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Ozkul O, Ozkul B, Erdogan MA, Erbas O. Ameliorating Effect of Propofol on Cisplatin-Induced Liver and Kidney Damage in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.1623.1635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li S, Lei Z, Zhao M, Hou Y, Wang D, Xu X, Lin X, Li J, Tang S, Yu J, Meng T. Propofol Inhibits Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through the Protein Kinase C/Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:655726. [PMID: 34054535 PMCID: PMC8155638 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.655726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Both hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, H) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can damage cardiomyocytes, which was inhibited by propofol (P). The present research was designed to examine whether propofol can reduce myocardial I/R injury by activating protein kinase C (PKC)/nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway in H9C2 cells and rat Langendorff models. H9C2 cells were disposed of no reagents (C), H2O2 for 24 h (H), propofol for 1 h before H2O2 (H+P), and chelerythrine (CHE, PKC inhibitor) for 1 h before propofol and H2O2 (H+P+CHE). N = 3. The PKC gene of H9C2 was knocked down by siRNA and overexpressed by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, PKC agonist). The cell viability and the expressions of PKC, NRF2, or heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) were evaluated. Propofol significantly reduced H9C2 cell mortality induced by H2O2, and significantly increased NRF2 nuclear location and HO-1 expression, which were restrained by siRNA knockout of PKC and promoted by PMA. Rat hearts were treated with KrebsHenseleit solution for 120 min (C), with (I/R+P) or without (I/R) propofol for 20 min before stopping perfusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 60 min, and CHE for 10 min before treated with propofol. N = 6. The levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) in perfusion fluid and antioxidant enzymes in the myocardium were assessed. I/R, which increased LDH and CK-MB expression and reduced SOD expression, boosted the pathological damage and infarcts of the myocardium after reperfusion. However, propofol restrained all these effects, an activity that was antagonized by CHE. The results suggest that propofol pretreatment protects against I/R injury by activating of PKC/NRF2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yonghao Hou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Di Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingli Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound and Non-invasive Cardiology, Sichuan People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowen Lin
- Department of Pain Management, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Physiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuhai Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jingui Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Liu X, Zhang S, Xu C, Sun Y, Sui S, Zhang Z, Luan Y. The Protective of Baicalin on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1386-1393. [PMID: 32503406 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200605104540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the inhibitory effect of baicalin on myocardial apoptosis induced by Ischemia-Reperfusion (I/R). METHODS Sprague Dawley rats' heart and myocardial cells I/R model were established in vivo and vitro, then 100 mg/kg and 10 μmol/l baicalin were administrated, respectively. The experiment was randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): Control; I/R; IR+DMEM; and I/R+baicalin groups. Postoperation, the Left Ventricular (LV) End-Diastolic Pressure (LVEDP), the maximum velocity of LV contraction (dP/dtmax) and the maximum velocity of LV diastole (dP/dtmin) were recorded by the transthoracic echocardiography; the myocardial apoptosis percentage was analyzed by Annexin VFITC/ PI and TUNEL staining, and the apoptosis gene and protein were detected by RT-PCR and western blot. Furthermore, the protein expression of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and ERK1/2 phosphorylation were observed by western blot and Fura-2-acetoxymethyl ester. Moreover, primary rats' cardiomyocytes were cultured and ERK1/2 specific inhibitor PD98059 was added to the culture medium. The cell survival rate, vitality and apoptosis were detected by MTT, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and TUNEL staining assay Kit, respectively. RESULTS Our present study showed that baicalin significantly improved LV hemodynamic parameters and myocardial apoptosis in myocardial I/R injury rats. Furthermore, we found that baicalin could down-regulate the protein expression of CaSR, but up-regulate the protein expression of ERK1/2. Furthermore, when the cells were pretreated with ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, the cells survival rate significantly decreased, but LDH activity and apoptosis significantly increased. The results indicated that the effect of baicalin on myocardial I/R injury could be inhibited by ERK1/2 inhibitor. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data suggests that baicalin attenuates I/R-induced myocardial injury maybe through the suppression of the CaSR/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China,Institute of Biotherapy for Hematological Malignancies, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China
| | - Chaoyue Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China
| | - Yongchao Sun
- Department of Medicine, Jinan Vocational College of Nursing, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Shujian Sui
- Department of Emergency, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohua Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, P.R. China
| | - Yun Luan
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 247, Beiyuan Dajie, Jinan, 250033, P.R. China
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Wang B, Wu Q, Liao J, Zhang S, Liu H, Yang C, Dong Q, Zhao N, Huang Z, Guo K, Du Y. Propofol Induces Cardioprotection Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Suppression of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Channel. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1150. [PMID: 31636563 PMCID: PMC6788301 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ entry via the transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel contributes to Ca2+ overload and triggers many pathophysiological conditions, including myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Propofol, a widely used intravenous anesthetic, attenuates myocardial I/R injury. However, the mechanism of propofol remains to be examined. The present study aims to test the hypothesis that propofol attenuates myocardial I/R injury through the suppression of TRPV4. We used a murine ex vivo model of myocardial I/R and in vitro cultured myocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Propofol or TRPV4 antagonist, HC-067047, attenuates myocardial I/R injury in isolated hearts. In addition, propofol, HC-067047, or TRPV4-siRNA attenuates H/R-induced intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) increase and cell viability reduction. On the contrary, TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A exacerbates both ex vivo and in vitro myocardial injury. Pretreatment with propofol reverses the myocardial injury and intracellular Ca2+ overload induced by GSK1016790A at least in vitro. However, neither the combination of propofol and HC-067047 nor applying propofol to cells transfected with TRPV4-siRNA creates additional protective effects. In addition, propofol dose-dependently inhibits TRPV4-mediated Ca2+ entry induced by GSK1016790A and 4α-PDD. Propofol attenuates myocardial I/R injury partially through the suppression of TRPV4 channel and the subsequent inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiongfeng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoshao Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huixia Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cui Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qian Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengrong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kefang Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yimei Du
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Yu S, Guo Y, Zhang W, Zheng L, Ren J, Jin J, Yu B, Zhang Y, Wang H, Zhang Y. [Effects of propofol pretreatment on myocardial cell apoptosis and SERCA2 expression in rats with hepatic ischemia/reperfusion]. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2018; 68:591-596. [PMID: 30195630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjan.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common pathophysiological process in liver surgery. Whether Propofol can reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, together with related mechanisms, still needs further studies. OBJECTIVE To investigate if propofol would protect the myocardial cells from apoptosis with hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=18) were randomly allocated into three groups: Sham Group (Group S, n=6), Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Group (Group IR, n=6) and Propofol Group (Group P, n=6). Group S was only subjected to laparotomy. Group IR was attained by ischemia for 30min and reperfusion for 4h. Group P was subjected identical insult as in Group IR with the administration of propofol started 10min before ischemia with 120mg.kg-1, following by continuous infusion at 20mg.kg-1.h-1. Cell apoptosis was examined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling assay. Endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase2 (SERCA2) and cysteine-containing aspartic acid cleaved-caspase3 (cleaved-caspase3) were assayed by western blot and Altimeter polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Apoptosis rate was increased, with mRNA and protein of SERCA2 down-regulated and cleaved-caspase3 up-regulated in Group IR compared with Group S (p<0.01). Apoptosis rate was decreased, with mRNA and protein of SERCA2 up-regulated and cleaved-caspase3 down-regulated in Group P compared with Group IR (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Propofol can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced myocardial cell apoptosis, meanwhile, can up-regulate mRNA and protein of SERCA2 in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Yu
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yongqing Guo
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Taiyuan, China.
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lina Zheng
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junming Ren
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianmin Jin
- Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Taiyuan, China
| | - Baofeng Yu
- Shanxi Medical University, Department of Biochemistry, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Shanxi People's Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Shanxi People's Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuhong Zhang
- Shanxi People's Hospital, Department of General Surgery, Taiyuan, China
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Baskaran R, Poornima P, Huang CY, Padma VV. Neferine prevents NF-κB translocation and protects muscle cells from oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by hypoxia. Biofactors 2016; 42:407-17. [PMID: 27041079 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Neferine (Nef), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from lotus seed embryo has a wide range of pharmacological activities. Possible molecular mechanism for the cytoprotective action of Nef during hypoxic stress has not been explored till now. Hence, this is an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in the Nef mediated cytoprotection on hypoxia-induced cell injury. Cytoprotective dose of Nef in muscle cells (Human rhabdomyosarcoma cells) exposed to hypoxia was determined by MTT assay. Nef at 500 nM offered better cytoprotection and was used for all the experiments. ROS, intracellular calcium accumulation and mitochondrial membrane (ΔψM) potential were measured using fluorescent probes. Further, we evaluated the effect Nef on hypoxia induced inflammatory and apoptotic responses by FACS and analyzing the expression patterns of NF-κB, COX-2, HIF-1α, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bcl2, and Bax. The results of this study revealed that pretreatment of the cells with Nef significantly decreased the ΔψM and ROS in the cells subjected to hypoxia. Further, Nef inhibited NF-κB there by inhibiting the expression of its downstream regulator COX-2, while it induced the functional HIF-1α expression. The results also indicate that Nef significantly inhibited the ROS dependent mitochondrial mediated apoptosis induced during hypoxia. The cytoprotection elicited by Nef in a model of hypoxia induced cell death involves both anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic response. These results suggest that Nef may be used as prophylactic agent against the hypoxic challenge. © 2016 BioFactors, 42(4):407-417, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rathinasamy Baskaran
- DRDO BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Paramasivan Poornima
- Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chih Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Viswanadha Vijaya Padma
- DRDO BU Center for Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Translational Research Laboratory, School of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Konno A, Nishimura A, Nakamura S, Mochizuki A, Yamada A, Kamijo R, Inoue T, Iijima T. Continuous monitoring of caspase-3 activation induced by propofol in developing mouse brain. Int J Dev Neurosci 2016; 51:42-9. [PMID: 27126009 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurotoxicity of anesthetics on the developing brain has drawn the attention of anesthesiologists. Several studies have shown that apoptosis is enhanced by exposure to anesthesia during brain development. Although apoptosis is a physiological developmental step occurring before the maturation of neural networks and the integration of brain function, pathological damage also involves apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that prolonged exposure to anesthetics causes apoptosis. Exactly when the apoptotic cascade starts in the brain remains uncertain. If it starts during the early stage of anesthesia, even short-term anesthesia could harm the brain. Therefore, apoptogenesis should be continuously monitored to elucidate when the apoptotic cascade is triggered by anesthesia. Here, we describe the development of a continuous monitoring system to detect caspase-3 activation using an in vivo model. Brain slices from postnatal days 0-4 SCAT3 transgenic mice with a heterozygous genotype (n=20) were used for the monitoring of caspase-3 cleavage. SCAT3 is a fusion protein of ECFP and Venus connected by a caspase-3 cleavable peptide, DEVD. A specimen from the hippocampal CA1 sector was mounted on a confocal laser microscope and was continuously superfused with artificial cerebrospinal fluid, propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol, 1μM or 10μM), and dimethyl sulfoxide. Images were obtained every hour for five hours. A pixel analysis of the ECFP/Venus ratio images was performed using a histogram showing the number of pixels with each ratio. In the histogram of the ECFP/Venus ratio, an area with a ratio>1 indicated the number of pixels from caspase-3-activated CA1 neurons. We observed a shift in the histogram toward the right over time, indicating caspase-3 activation. This right-ward shift dramatically changed at five hours in the propofol 1μM and 10μM groups and was obviously different from that in the control group. Thus, real-time fluorescence energy transfer (FRET) imaging was capable of identifying the onset of apoptosis triggered by propofol in neonatal brain slices. This model may be a useful tool for monitoring apoptogenesis in the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Konno
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Akiko Nishimura
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan.
| | - Shiro Nakamura
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Ayako Mochizuki
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamada
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamijo
- Department of Biochemistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Tomio Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
| | - Takehiko Iijima
- Department of Perioperative Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Japan
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Taheri Moghadam G, Hosseini-Zijoud SM, Heidary Shayesteh T, Ghasemi H, Ranjbar A. Attenuation of cisplathin-induced toxic oxidative stress by propofol. Anesth Pain Med 2014; 4:e14221. [PMID: 25599022 PMCID: PMC4286804 DOI: 10.5812/aapm.14221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antioxidant effects of propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) were evaluated against cisplatin-induced oxidative stress in rat. Objectives: In this experimental study, 20 male rats were equally divided into 4 groups (5 rats each), and were treated by propofol (10 mg/kg/day, IP), or cisplatin (7 mg /kg/day, IP), or both. Materials and Methods: Group one was control, while group 2 was given cisplatin (7 mg /kg/day, IP). Animals of the third group received only propofol (10 mg/kg/day, IP). Group 4 was given propofol with cisplatin once per day for 7 days. After treatment, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine levels, and oxidative stress markers such as total thiol groups (TTG), lipid peroxidation (LPO), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Results: Oxidative stress induced by cisplatin, was evident by a significant increase in LPO and decrease in TTG and TAC. Propofol recovered cisplatin -induced changes in TAC, TTG and LPO in blood. Conclusions: It is concluded that oxidative damage is the mechanism of cisplatin toxicity, which can be recovered by propofol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed-Mostafa Hosseini-Zijoud
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tavakol Heidary Shayesteh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hassan Ghasemi
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Akram Ranjbar
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Corresponding author: Akram Ranjbar, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran. Tel/Fax: + 98-8118380031, E-mail:
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Sun X, Gu J, Chi M, Li M, Lei S, Wang G. Activation of PI3K-Akt through taurine is critical for propofol to protect rat cardiomyocytes from doxorubicin-induced toxicity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2013; 92:155-61. [PMID: 24502639 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2013-0246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial toxicity is one of the major side effects of many chemotherapeutics. It has been shown that propofol can ameliorate the cardiotoxicity of chemotherapeutic agents. In this study, we intend to investigate the role of the PI3K-Akt-Bad signaling pathway in propofol relief of doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with vehicle, doxorubicin, propofol, or propofol plus doxorubicin in the presence or absence of the PI3K inhibitor LY294002. Cells were harvested 20 h post-exposure to doxorubicin followed by analysis of their cellular taurine content, oxidative/nitrative stresses, and cellular apoptosis. The activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway was analyzed by immunoblotting. FACS, TUNEL, and LDH assays showed that the viability of cardiomyocytes was markedly reduced by doxorubicin, but was improved by propofol. Doxorubicin treatment significantly elevated cellular reactive oxygen and nitrogen contents while lowering the levels of taurine, Akt, and phosphorylated Akt and Bad. The abovementioned doxorubicin-induced changes were reversed by propofol. The protective effects of propofol were abrogated by simultaneous treatment with LY294002. In conclusion, the PI3K-Akt-Bad pathway plays a critical role in conferring the protective effects of propofol against myocardial toxicity from doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechao Sun
- a Department of Anesthesiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 6 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, China
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Wu RSC, Liu KC, Tang NY, Chung HK, Ip SW, Yang JS, Chung JG. cDNA microarray analysis of the gene expression of murine leukemia RAW 264.7 cells after exposure to propofol. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:471-478. [PMID: 21786383 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 05/12/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is the most extensively used general anesthetic-sedative agent and it is employed in clinical patients. It has been shown that propofol exhibits anticancer activities. However, there is no available information to address propofol-induced cytotoxic effects and affected gene expressions on murine leukemia cells. Therefore, we investigated the effects of propofol on the levels of protein and gene expression, which are associated with apoptotic death in mouse leukemia RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Results indicated that propofol induced cell morphological changes, cytotoxicity, and induction of apoptosis in RAW 264.7 cells in vitro. Western blot analysis demonstrated that propofol promoted Fas, cytochrome c, caspase-9 and -3 active form and Bax levels, but inhibited Bcl-xl protein level which led to cell apoptosis. Furthermore, cDNA microarray assay indicated that propofol significantly enhanced 5 gene expressions (Gm4884; Gm10883; Lce1c; Lrg1; and LOC100045878) and significantly suppressed 26 gene expressions (Gm10679; Zfp617; LOC621831; LOC621831; Gm5929; Snord116; Gm3994; LOC380994; Gm5592; LOC380994; Gm4638; LOC280487; Gm4638; Tex24; A530064D06Rik; BC094916; EG668725; Gm189; Hist2h3c2; Gm8020; Snord115; Gm3079; Olfr198; Tdh; Snord115; and Olfr1249). Based on these observations, propofol-altered apoptosis-related proteins might result from induction of apoptotic gene expression and inhibition of cell growth gene expression, which finally led to apoptosis in a mouse leukemia cell line (RAW 264.7) in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick Sai-Chuen Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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Jun JH, Shim JK, Ryoo HM, Kwak YL. Erythropoietin-activated ERK/MAP kinase enhances GATA-4 acetylation via phosphorylation of serine 261 of GATA-4. J Cell Physiol 2012; 228:190-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Gu X, Lu Y, Chen J, He H, Li P, Yang T, Li L, Liu G, Chen Y, Zhang L. Mechanisms mediating propofol protection of pulmonary epithelial cells against lipopolysaccharide-induced cell death. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2012; 39:447-53. [PMID: 22360610 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2012.05694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) is an anaesthetic agent with anti-oxidant properties. The aim of the present study was to determine whether propofol can protect pulmonary epithelial (A549) cells against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell death and, if so, the mechanisms involved. The effects of LPS alone and in combination with propofol on A549 cell death were investigated. Cell viability was determined using the colourimetric 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2 thiazoyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptotic A549 cells were detected by flow cytometry, as propidium iodide-negative and annexin-V-positive cells, and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labelling (TUNEL). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), caspase 9 activity, Ca(2+) concentrations and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were analysed by immunofluorescent methods. Aconitase 2 (ACO2), microtubule-associated light chain 3 (LC3) and beclin-1 levels were evaluated using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and/or western blot analysis. Exposure of A549 cells to 1-50 μg/mL LPS for 3-24 h resulted in the concentration- and time-dependent induction of cell death. Cell apoptosis accounted for approximately 77% of cell death induced by LPS. Propofol (5-150 μmol/L) concentration-dependently inhibited LPS-induced A549 cell death. This protective effect of propofol was accompanied by prevention of LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction (reductions in MMP, ACO2 expression and ATP) and was associated with the inhibition of LPS-induced activation of apoptotic signals (caspase 9 activity, ROS overproduction and Ca(2+) accumulation). In addition, propofol blocked LPS-induced overexpression of the autophagy-associated proteins LC3 and beclin-1. The data indicate that propofol protects A549 cells against LPS-induced apoptosis, and probably autophagy, by blocking LPS-induced activation of ROS/caspase 9 pathways and upregulation of LC3 and beclin-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Gu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Guangdong Medical College, Zhanjiang, China
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Li HX, Han SY, Ma X, Zhang K, Wang L, Ma ZZ, Tu PF. The saponin of red ginseng protects the cardiac myocytes against ischemic injury in vitro and in vivo. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:477-483. [PMID: 22341690 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2011] [Revised: 11/28/2011] [Accepted: 01/15/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Steamed root of Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer, known as "red ginseng", differs from other ginseng preparations in terms of its saponin components and content, as some partly deglycosylated saponins are produced as artifacts during the steaming process. However, whether saponins derived from red ginseng (SRG) can have a protective effect on cardiomyocytes remains unknown. The present study aimed to explore the effect of SRG on myocardial ischemia in vitro and in vivo. MTT assays revealed that SRG pretreatment significantly increased the viability of cardiomyocytes injured by Na(2)S(2)O(4) hypoxia in vitro. This effect was almost completely abolished by glibenclamide, a blocker of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel, but the cardioprotective activity of SRG was not influenced by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002. SRG also significantly reduced the Na(2)S(2)O(4)-induced increase in intracellular calcium, as shown by Fluo-3/AM probes with flow cytometry. Adult rat heart ischemia, which was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery, was employed for the in vivo analysis. SRG pretreatment reduced infarct size and resulted in a higher left ventricle (LV) developed pressure, LV (+)dP/dt(max) and LV systolic pressure and lower LV (-)dP/dt(max) and LV end diastolic pressure after 24h of ischemia. Moreover, SRG significantly reduced the level of cardiac Troponin I (cTnI) in the serum, which suggests that cTnI, a protein component of the troponin regulatory complex involved in cardiac contractility, contributes to the SRG-mediated recovery of cardiac systolic function. In conclusion, this study is the first to provide evidence and a mechanistic analysis of the cardioprotective effects of SRG. SRG significantly attenuated myocardial ischemic injury by improving cardiac systole function, partly by reducing cTnI secretion and improving cardiac diastolic function. Also, SRG attenuated the Ca(2+) overload in cardiomyocytes and modulated the K(ATP), but not PI3K, signaling pathway; taken together, these mechanisms synergistically reduced infarct size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, PR China
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Cho YH, Cha MJ, Song BW, Kim IK, Song H, Chang W, Lim S, Ham O, Lee SY, Choi E, Kwon HM, Hwang KC. Enhancement of MSC adhesion and therapeutic efficiency in ischemic heart using lentivirus delivery with periostin. Biomaterials 2011; 33:1376-85. [PMID: 22112759 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Many approaches have shown beneficial effects of modified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for treatment of infarcted myocardium, but have primarily focused on enhancing the survival of transplanted MSCs. Here, we show the dual benefits of periostin-overexpressing MSCs (p-MSCs) for infarcted myocardium. P-MSCs led to the marked histological and functional recovery of infarcted myocardium by enhancing survival of MSCs and directly preventing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Survival of p-MSCs themselves and cardiomyocytes co-cultured with p-MSCs or treated with the conditioned media from p-MSCs was significantly increased under hypoxic conditions. Decreases in adhesion-related integrins were reversed in cardiomyocytes co-cultured with p-MSCs, followed by increases in p-PI3K and Akt, indicating that periostin activates the PI3K pathway through adhesion-related integrins. When p-MSCs were injected into myocardial infarcted rats, histological pathology and cardiac function were significantly improved compared to MSC-injected controls. Thus, periostin might be a new target of therapeutic treatments using MSCs as carriers for infarcted myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Hyeong Cho
- Cardiology Division, Myongji Hospital, Kwandong University College of Medicine, Goyangsi, Gyeonggido, Republic of Korea
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Propofol ameliorates doxorubicin-induced oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2011; 257:437-48. [PMID: 22015447 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2011] [Revised: 09/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol is an anesthetic with pluripotent cytoprotective properties against various extrinsic insults. This study was designed to examine whether this agent could also ameliorate the infamous toxicity of doxorubicin, a widely-used chemotherapeutic agent against a variety of cancer diseases, on myocardial cells. METHODS Cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were administrated with vehicle, doxorubicin (1μM), propofol (1μM), or propofol plus doxorubicin (given 1h post propofol). After 24h, cells were harvested and specific analyses regarding oxidative/nitrative stress and cellular apoptosis were conducted. RESULTS Trypan blue exclusion and MTT assays disclosed that viability of cardiomyocytes was significantly reduced by doxorubicin. Contents of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species were increased and antioxidant enzymes SOD1, SOD2, and GPx were decreased in these doxorubicin-treated cells. Mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity and membrane potential were also depressed, along with activation of key effectors downstream of mitochondrion-dependent apoptotic signaling. Besides, abundance of p53 was elevated and cleavage of PKC-δ was induced in these myocardial cells. In contrast, all of the above oxidative, nitrative and pro-apoptotic events could be suppressed by propofol pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS Propofol could extensively counteract oxidative/nitrative and multiple apoptotic effects of doxorubicin in the heart; hence, this anesthetic may serve as an adjuvant agent to assuage the untoward cardiac effects of doxorubicin in clinical application.
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Chu W, Li X, Li C, Wan L, Shi H, Song X, Liu X, Chen X, Zhang C, Shan H, Lu Y, Yang B. TGFBR3, a potential negative regulator of TGF-β signaling, protects cardiac fibroblasts from hypoxia-induced apoptosis. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2586-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Hyperglycemia attenuates myocardial preconditioning of remifentanil. J Surg Res 2011; 174:231-7. [PMID: 21392805 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia attenuates cardioprotection by remifentanil-preconditioning in ischemia-reperfusion in vivo in diabetic rats. However, the effects of hyperglycemia in cultured ventricular myocytes remains unknown. Therefore, we examined the in vitro effects of hyperglycemia on hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) and cardioprotection from remifentanil-preconditioning in isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), including effects on apoptotic signaling pathways and Ca(2+) homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS NRVMs were cultured in medium with 5.5 mM (normoglycemia) or 25.5 mM glucose for one day. Then, NRVMs in H/R groups were exposed to 1 h of hypoxia and 5 h of reoxygenation with or without remifentanil-preconditioning at 1 μM. Cell viability, apoptosis, and Ca(2+) homeostasis were assessed by MTT assay, caspase-3 assay, confocal microscopy and immunoblots. RESULTS In normoglycemia, remifentanil-preconditioning improved the viability of cardiomyocytes (P < 0.01) and prevented the increase of caspase-3 activity and Ca(2+) overload after H/R injury (P < 0.05). In addition, decrease in Akt, ERK1/2, and Bcl-2, and the increase in Bax by H/R was attenuated by remifentanil-preconditioning (P < 0.05). However, in hyperglycemia, the viability was partially impaired after H/R but not improved by remifentanil-preconditioning. Apoptotic activity, Ca(2+) concentration, and apoptotic kinases except Akt were not affected by either H/R or remifentanil-preconditioning under hyperglycemia. Akt phosphorylation was decreased by H/R but not restored by remifentanil preconditioning. CONCLUSIONS Remifentanil preconditioning under normoglycemia renders NRVMs resistant to H/R injury by reducing apoptosis and intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. The mechanism appears to be modulation of apoptotic signaling. However, hyperglycemia mitigates H/R injury in NRVMs, and may reduce the protective effect of remifentanil-preconditioning that may be associated with the Akt pathways.
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Kim HS, Hwang KC, Park WK. Cardioprotection via modulation of calcium homeostasis by thiopental in hypoxia-reoxygenated neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Yonsei Med J 2010; 51:187-96. [PMID: 20191008 PMCID: PMC2824862 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2010.51.2.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 06/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Ca(2+) homeostasis plays an important role in myocardial cell injury induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation, and prevention of intracellular Ca(2+) overload is key to cardioprotection. Even though thiopental is a frequently used anesthetic agent, little is known about its cardioprotective effects, particularly in association with Ca(2+) homeostasis. We investigated whether thiopental protects cardiomyocytes against hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by regulating Ca(2+) homeostasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were isolated. Cardiomyocytes were exposed to different concentrations of thiopental and immediately replaced in the hypoxic chamber to maintain hypoxia. After 1 hour of exposure, a culture dish was transferred to the CO(2) incubator and cells were incubated at 37 for 5 hours. At the end of the experiments, the authors assessed cell protection using immunoblot analysis and caspase activity. The mRNA of genes involved in Ca(2+) homeostasis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cellular Ca(2+) levels were examined. RESULTS In thiopental-treated cardiomyocytes, there was a decrease in expression of the proapoptotic protein Bax, caspase-3 activation, and intracellular Ca(2+) content. In addition, both enhancement of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and activation of Erk concerned with survival were shown. Furthermore, thiopental attenuated alterations of genes involving Ca(2+) regulation and significantly modulated abnormal changes of NCX and SERCA2a genes in hypoxia-reoxygenated neonatal cardiomyocytes. Thiopental suppressed disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsi(m)) induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. CONCLUSION Thiopental is likely to modulate expression of genes that regulate Ca(2+) homeostasis, which reduces apoptotic cell death and results in cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Soo Kim
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ki-Chul Hwang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wyun-Kon Park
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Target-achieved propofol concentration during on-pump cardiac surgery: a pilot dose-finding study. Can J Anaesth 2009; 56:658-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s12630-009-9145-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Barhoumi R, Qian Y, Burghardt RC, Tiffany-Castiglioni E. Image analysis of Ca2+ signals as a basis for neurotoxicity assays: promises and challenges. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2009; 32:16-24. [PMID: 19555758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2008] [Revised: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Free intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) controls a wide range of cellular functions such as contraction, neurotransmitter and hormone release, metabolism, cell division and differentiation. Cytosolic Ca(2+) levels are abnormal in cells exposed to toxicants and understanding how these levels become altered may improve our ability to design high-throughput methods for the sensitive detection of cellular responses to a toxic exposure. Because Ca(2+) is involved in multiple aspects of cellular function, its role in signaling is complex. It is therefore necessary to identify the individual pathways targeted during toxicant exposure in order to use them as a tool for predictive measurements of toxicity and as targets for prevention or reversal of injury. This review illustrates several methods available for analysis of Ca(2+) responses in vitro and their applicability for understanding mechanisms of toxicity at the molecular and cellular levels. The review will also consider the usefulness of Ca(2+) imaging for predicting a unique signature for classes of toxicants. Towards this end, two methodological approaches for assessment of Ca(2+) responses to toxicants are examined: steady state measurements and complex spatial and/or temporal measurements. Each of the methods described and appropriately used results in reliable and reproducible measurements which may be applied in a high-throughput fashion to individualize in vitro assessment of cellular responses caused by toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rola Barhoumi
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4458, USA.
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