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İlhan SÖ, Fincan GSÖ, Okçay Y, Koç DS, Aşkın Cİ, Kibar AK, Vural İM, Sarıoğlu Y. Enhancing effect of nicotine on electrical field stimulation elicited contractile responses in isolated rabbit bladder straight muscle; the role of cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors. Turk J Med Sci 2022; 52:1814-1820. [PMID: 36945969 PMCID: PMC10390188 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine acts as an agonist of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR). These receptors belong to a superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels. We previously demonstrated that nicotine increased electrical field stimulation (EFS)-induced contractile or relaxation responses, possibly by facilitating neurotransmitter release from nerve terminals in various rabbit tissues. Studies have shown that there is an interaction between the endocannabinoid and nicotinic systems. This study aimed to investigate the interaction between nicotine and the endocannabinoid system in the rabbit urine bladder and also investigate the enhancing effect of nicotine on EFS-induced contractile responses in rabbit isolated bladder smooth muscle and its interaction with the endocannabinoid system. METHODS The New Zealand albino male adult rabbits were used for this study. Following scarification, the urine bladder was rapidly excised, and then uniform strips were prepared. Each strip was mounted under 1 g isometric resting tension in an organ bath containing 20 mL of Krebs-Henseleit solution. After obtaining EFS-induced contractile responses, 10-4 M concentrations of nicotine were applied to the preparations, and EFS was stopped after 5 stimulations. Following washing, the same experimental procedure was performed with the same tissue in the presence of AM251 (a cannabinoid CB1R antagonist, 10-6 M), AM630 (a cannabinoid CB2R antagonist, 10-6 M), and capsazepine (a vanilloid receptor antagonist, 3 × 10-6 M). RESULTS Nicotine enhanced the EFS-induced contraction responses by 17.16% ± 2.81% at a 4-Hz stimulation frequency. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists AM251 and AM630 reduced this increasing effect of nicotine although it was not significant and vanilloid receptor antagonist capsazepine did not significantly alter the nicotines' effect. DISCUSSION These results show that enhancing effect of nicotine in the smooth muscle of the rabbit bladder, even though it was not significant endocannabinoid system possibly have a role in nicotines' effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Özger İlhan
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Yağmur Okçay
- Department of Pharmacology, Gülhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Derya Sebile Koç
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Celil İlker Aşkın
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Kübra Kibar
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmail Mert Vural
- Department of Pharmacology, Gülhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sarıoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, İstinye University, İstanbul, Turkey
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Faghir-Ghanesefat H, Rahimi N, Yarmohammadi F, Mokhtari T, Abdollahi AR, Ejtemaei Mehr S, Dehpour AR. The expression, localization and function of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in rat corpus cavernosum. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1754-1761. [PMID: 28836276 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), an emerging pharmacological target for a variety of medical conditions, is expressed in the most mammalian tissues with different effects. So, this study was designed to investigate the expression, localization and effect of α7-nAChR in rat corpus cavernosum (CC). METHODS & KEY FINDINGS Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that α7-nAChR was expressed in rat CC and double immunofluorescence studies demonstrated the presence of α7-nAChR in corporal neurons. The rat CC segments were mounted in organ bath chambers and contracted with phenylephrine (0.1 μm -300 μm) to investigate the relaxation effect of electrical field stimulation (EFS,10 Hz) assessed in the presence of guanethidine (adrenergic blocker, 5 μm) and atropine (muscarinic cholinergic blocker, 1 μm) to obtain non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) response. Cumulative administration of nicotine significantly potentiated the EFS-induced NANC relaxation (-log EC50 = 7.5 ± 0.057). Whereas, the potentiated NANC relaxation of nicotine was significantly inhibited with different concentrations of methyllycaconitine citrate (α7-nAChR antagonist, P < 0.05) in preincubated strips. L-NAME (non-specific nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, 1 μm) completely blocked the neurogenic relaxation induced by EFS plus nicotine. CONCLUSION To conclude α7-nAChR is expressed in rat CC and modulates the neurogenic relaxation response to nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hedyeh Faghir-Ghanesefat
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Yarmohammadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tahmineh Mokhtari
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Abdollahi
- Department of Pathology, Imam Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Ejtemaei Mehr
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad R Dehpour
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ravelli KG, Ramos ADT, Gonçalves LB, Magnoli FC, Troncone LRP. Phoneutria nigriventer spider toxin Tx2-6 induces priapism in mice even after cavernosal denervation. Toxicon 2017; 130:29-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Yıldırım Ş, Öztürk Fincan GS, İşli F, Ercan S, Sarıoğlu Y. Effects of chronic l-DOPA administration on neurogenic and endothelium-dependent relaxation responses in rabbit corpus cavernosum. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:926-34. [PMID: 27362769 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dopamine is a crucial central neurotransmitter that plays a fundamental role in the autonomic and somatic components of penile reflexes in animals and humans. Similar to the erectile responses of dopamine, systemic administration of l-DOPA induces yawning and penile erection in some species. The possible effects of l-DOPA on nitric oxide (NO)-dependent and -independent non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC) relaxation responses mediated by electrical field stimulation (EFS) and endothelium-dependent relaxation were investigated in this study. METHODS Thirty-two adult albino male rabbits, in two- and four-week-treatment groups, were divided into three subgroups: control group (saline-injected) (n=4), 3mg/kg/day (low dose) l-DOPA-injected groups (n=6) and 12mg/kg/day (high dose) l-DOPA-injected groups (n=6). After the intraperitoneal injection treatments, the corpus cavernosum tissues were placed in organ bath chambers. The EFS-mediated responses, and the concentration-response curve to carbachol, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), sildenafil were assessed. RESULTS The two-week treatment with high-dose l-DOPA decreased the NO-dependent NANC relaxation responses, while there was no change in the low-dose two- and four-week treatment groups. The NO-independent NANC relaxation responses in the two-week groups decreased, and the responses in the four-week groups were unchanged when compared to the controls. The relaxation responses to carbachol showed no differences among all groups except for the high-dose four-week l-DOPA group. The relaxation responses of SNP and sildenafil were increased in all of the treatment groups when compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS The observed increases in SNP- and sildenafil-induced responses, along with the decreased EFS-mediated responses, suggest increased sensitivity in the NO-signalling pathway following l-DOPA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şeniz Yıldırım
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale, Turkey.
| | | | - Fatma İşli
- Department of Rational Drug Use and Supply Management, Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency, Ministry of Health, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevim Ercan
- Member of Turkish Academy of Science, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Sarıoğlu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Nguyen HB, Lee SY, Park SH, Han JH, Lee MY, Myung SC. Nicotine in high concentration causes contraction of isolated strips of rabbit corpus cavernosum. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 19:257-62. [PMID: 25954131 PMCID: PMC4422966 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2015.19.3.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that cigarette smoke can cause erectile dysfunction by affecting the penile vascular system. However, the exact effects of nicotine on the corpus cavernosum remains poorly understood. Nicotine has been reported to cause relaxation of the corpus cavernosum; it has also been reported to cause both contraction and relaxation. Therefore, high concentrations of nicotine were studied in strips from the rabbit corpus cavernosum to better understand its effects. The proximal penile corpus cavernosal strips from male rabbits weighing approximately 4 kg were used in organ bath studies. Nicotine in high concentrations (10-5~10-4 M) produced dose-dependent contractions of the corpus cavernosal strips. The incubation with 10-5 M hexamethonium (nicotinic receptor antagonist) significantly inhibited the magnitude of the nicotine associated contractions. The nicotine-induced contractions were not only significantly inhibited by pretreatment with 10-5 M indomethacin (nonspecific cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and with 10-6 M NS-398 (selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor), but also with 10-6 M Y-27632 (Rho kinase inhibitor). Ozagrel (thromboxane A2 synthase inhibitor) and SQ-29548 (highly selective TP receptor antagonist) pretreatments significantly reduced the nicotine-induced contractile amplitude of the strips. High concentrations of nicotine caused contraction of isolated rabbit corpus cavernosal strips. This contraction appeared to be mediated by activation of nicotinic receptors. Rho-kinase and cyclooxygenase pathways, especially cyclooxygenase-2 and thromboxane A2, might play a pivotal role in the mechanism associated with nicotine-induced contraction of the rabbit corpus cavernosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoai Bac Nguyen
- Advanced Urogenital Disease Research Center; Research Institute for Translational System Biomics; Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Korea
| | - Shin Young Lee
- Department of Urology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul 131-795, Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Jun Hyun Han
- Department of Urology, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong 445-170, Korea
| | - Moo Yeol Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Soon Chul Myung
- Advanced Urogenital Disease Research Center; Research Institute for Translational System Biomics; Department of Urology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul 156-755, Korea
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Senbel AM, Hashad A, Sharabi FM, Daabees TT. Activation of muscarinic receptors inhibits neurogenic nitric oxide in the corpus cavernosum. Pharmacol Res 2011; 65:303-11. [PMID: 22178337 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The functional role of cholinergic transmission in erection is still far from being fully elucidated. This work aims to further elucidate the modulatory role of neostigmine on NO in the corpus cavernosum and to highlight whether cholinergic transmission in the penis modulates sildenafil action. The isolated rabbit corpus cavernosum and measurement of intracavernosal pressure in the anesthetized rat model were used. Neostigmine (0.02 mg/kg) reduced increase of intracavernosal pressure/mean arterial pressure (ICP/MAP) next to cavernous nerve stimulation. Higher doses (0.06 and 0.4 mg/kg) potentiated ICP/MAP rise and atropine (1.5 and 10 mg/kg) did the opposite. In vitro, neostigmine (10⁻⁵ and 10⁻⁴ M) potentiated neurogenic relaxations and this effect was significantly inhibited by hexamethonium (10⁻⁴ M) or N(ω)-propyl-L-arginine (3 × 10⁻⁵ M) and partially but significantly reduced in the presence of atropine. Lower dose neostigmine (10⁻⁷ M), inhibited electrically induced relaxation over the range of 1-4 Hz, atropine (10⁻⁶ M) almost abolished this inhibitory effect as well as N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (10⁻⁵ M). It was also significantly reduced by selective nNOS inhibitor N(ω)-propyl-L-arginine (3 × 10⁻⁵ M). Nicotine (10⁻⁴ M) significantly potentiated electrically induced relaxations amounting to 84.625 ± 8.06% at 1 Hz and potentiated the effect of sildenafil synergistically. Hexamthonium did the opposite. The potentiatory effect of sildenafil on neurogenic erection was significantly reduced by low dose neostigmine both in vitro and in vivo. This study provides evidence that muscarinic receptors may modulate NO synthesis in nitrergic nerves by inhibiting nNOS and high level of cholinergic stimulation may activate nicotinic receptors to promote erection probably by potentiating NO synthesis in nitrergic nerves.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Senbel
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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Andersson KE. Mechanisms of penile erection and basis for pharmacological treatment of erectile dysfunction. Pharmacol Rev 2011; 63:811-59. [PMID: 21880989 DOI: 10.1124/pr.111.004515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Erection is basically a spinal reflex that can be initiated by recruitment of penile afferents, both autonomic and somatic, and supraspinal influences from visual, olfactory, and imaginary stimuli. Several central transmitters are involved in the erectile control. Dopamine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide (NO), and peptides, such as oxytocin and adrenocorticotropin/α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, have a facilitatory role, whereas serotonin may be either facilitatory or inhibitory, and enkephalins are inhibitory. The balance between contractant and relaxant factors controls the degree of contraction of the smooth muscle of the corpora cavernosa (CC) and determines the functional state of the penis. Noradrenaline contracts both CC and penile vessels via stimulation of α₁-adrenoceptors. Neurogenic NO is considered the most important factor for relaxation of penile vessels and CC. The role of other mediators, released from nerves or endothelium, has not been definitely established. Erectile dysfunction (ED), defined as the "inability to achieve or maintain an erection adequate for sexual satisfaction," may have multiple causes and can be classified as psychogenic, vasculogenic or organic, neurologic, and endocrinologic. Many patients with ED respond well to the pharmacological treatments that are currently available, but there are still groups of patients in whom the response is unsatisfactory. The drugs used are able to substitute, partially or completely, the malfunctioning endogenous mechanisms that control penile erection. Most drugs have a direct action on penile tissue facilitating penile smooth muscle relaxation, including oral phosphodiesterase inhibitors and intracavernosal injections of prostaglandin E₁. Irrespective of the underlying cause, these drugs are effective in the majority of cases. Drugs with a central site of action have so far not been very successful. There is a need for therapeutic alternatives. This requires identification of new therapeutic targets and design of new approaches. Research in the field is expanding, and several promising new targets for future drugs have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- K-E Andersson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA.
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