1
|
Fu GJ, Wang LD, Chi XS, Liang X, Wei JJ, Huang ZH, Shen W, Zhang YL. Research Progress on the Experimental Model and Underlying Mechanistic Studies of Tension-Type Headaches. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024; 28:439-451. [PMID: 38502437 PMCID: PMC11126509 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Tension-type headaches (TTH) significantly diminish patients' quality of life and increase absenteeism, thereby imposing a substantial economic burden. Animal models are essential tools for studying disease mechanisms and drug development. However, until now, little focus has been placed on summarizing the animal models of TTH and associated mechanistic studies. This narrative review discusses the current animal models of TTH and related mechanistic studies to provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of and treatments for TTH. RECENT FINDINGS The primary method for constructing an animal model of TTH involves injecting a solution of pain relievers, such as adenosine triphosphate, nerve growth factor, or a high concentration of salt solution, into the neck to initiate harmful cervical muscle responses. This model enables the examination of the interaction between peripheral muscles and central sensitization, which is crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of TTH. Mechanistic studies based on this model have investigated the effect of the P2X receptor antagonist, P2X7 receptor blockade, the P2Y1 receptor agonist 2-MESADP, P2Y1 receptor antagonist MRS2179, nitric oxide synthase inhibitors, and acetylsalicylic acid. Despite notable advancements, the current model of TTH has limitations, including surgical complexity and the inability to replicate chronic tension-type headache (CTTH). To gain a more comprehensive understanding and develop more effective treatment methods, future studies should focus on simplifying surgical procedures, examining other predisposing factors, and establishing a model for chronic TTH. This will offer a deeper insight into the pathophysiological mechanism of TTH and pave the way for improved treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jing Fu
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China
| | - Liu-Ding Wang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China
| | - Xian-Su Chi
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wei
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Huang
- Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, 262,550, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China.
| | - Yun-Ling Zhang
- Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100,091, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
The Role of Single-Nucleotide Variants of NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3 Genes in the Comorbidity of Arterial Hypertension and Tension-Type Headache. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26061556. [PMID: 33809023 PMCID: PMC8002043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with tension-type headache (TTH) have an increased risk of developing arterial hypertension (AH), while hypertensive subjects do seem to have an increased risk of TTH. We searched for full-text English publications in databases using keywords and combined word searches over the past 15 years. In addition, earlier publications of historical interest were included in the review. In our review, we summed up the single nucleotide variants (SNVs) of Nitric Oxide Synthases (NOSs) genes involved in the development of essential AH and TTH. The results of studies we discussed in this review are contradictory. This might be due to different designs of the studies, small sample sizes in some of them, as well as different social and geographical characteristics. However, the contribution of genetic and environmental factors remains understudied. This makes the issue interesting for researchers, as understanding these mechanisms can contribute to a search for new approaches to pathogenetic and disease-modifying treatment of the AH and TTH phenotype. New drugs against AH and TTH can be based on inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production, blockade of steps in the NO-cGMP pathway, or NO scavenging. Indeed, selective neuronal NOS (n-NOS) and inducible NOS (i-NOS) inhibitors are already in early clinical development.
Collapse
|
3
|
Nöbel M, Feistel S, Ellrich J, Messlinger K. ATP-sensitive muscle afferents activate spinal trigeminal neurons with meningeal afferent input in rat - pathophysiological implications for tension-type headache. J Headache Pain 2016; 17:75. [PMID: 27565510 PMCID: PMC5001961 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-016-0668-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tension-type headache and other primary headaches may be triggered or aggravated by disorders of pericranial muscles, which is possibly due to convergent or collateral afferent input from meningeal and muscular receptive areas. In rodent models high extracellular concentrations of ATP caused muscle nociception and central sensitization of second order neurons. In a rat model of meningeal nociception we asked if spinal trigeminal activity induced by ATP can be modulated by local anaesthesia of distinct muscles. METHODS Ongoing activity was recorded from spinal trigeminal neurons with afferent input from the cranial dura mater, the temporal muscle and neck muscles. The stable ATP analogue α,β-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate (α,β-meATP, 10 mM) was injected into the ipsilateral temporal muscle, 30 min later followed by injection of local anaesthetics (lidocaine, 2 %) into the ipsilateral neck muscles and/or the temporal muscle. RESULTS Injection of α,β-meATP into the temporal muscle caused progressive increase in ongoing activity of most of the spinal trigeminal neurons within 30 min. Injection of lidocaine into the neck muscles and/or the temporal muscle reduced this activation to previous levels within 10 min. CONCLUSIONS Distinct spinal trigeminal neurons processing meningeal nociceptive information are under the control of convergent afferent input from several pericranial muscles. Blockade of at least one of these inputs can normalize central trigeminal activity. This may explain why therapeutic manipulations of head muscles can be beneficial in primary headaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Nöbel
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Feistel
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jens Ellrich
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Medical Faculty, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Karl Messlinger
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsstr. 17, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schiavuzzo JG, Teixeira JM, Melo B, da Silva dos Santos DF, Jorge CO, Oliveira-Fusaro MCG, Parada CA. Muscle hyperalgesia induced by peripheral P2X3 receptors is modulated by inflammatory mediators. Neuroscience 2014; 285:24-33. [PMID: 25446353 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ATP, via activation of P2X3 receptors, has been highlighted as a key target in inflammatory hyperalgesia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to confirm whether the activation of P2X3 receptors in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats induces mechanical muscle hyperalgesia and, if so, to analyze the involvement of the classical inflammatory mediators (bradykinin, prostaglandins, sympathetic amines, pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil migration) in this response. Intramuscular administration of the non-selective P2X3 receptor agonist α,β-meATP in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats induced mechanical muscle hyperalgesia, which, in turn, was prevented by the selective P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptors antagonist A-317491, the selective bradykinin B1-receptor antagonist Des-Arg9-[Leu8]-BK (DALBK), the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin, the β1- or β2-adrenoceptor antagonist atenolol and ICI 118,551, respectively. Also, the nonspecific selectin inhibitor fucoidan. α,β-meATP induced increases in the local concentration of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β), which were reduced by bradykinin antagonist. Finally, α,β-meATP also induced neutrophil migration. Together, these findings suggest that α,β-meATP induced mechanical hyperalgesia in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats via activation of peripheral P2X3 receptors, which involves bradykinin, prostaglandins, sympathetic amines, pro-inflammatory cytokines release and neutrophil migration. It is also indicated that bradykinin is the key modulator of the mechanical muscle hyperalgesia induced by P2X3 receptors. Therefore, we suggest that P2X3 receptors are important targets to control muscle inflammatory pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J G Schiavuzzo
- Laboratory of Studies of Pain and Inflammation, School of Applied Sciences - UNICAMP, Limeira, Sao Paulo, Brazil; Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Teixeira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Melo
- Laboratory of Studies of Pain and Inflammation, School of Applied Sciences - UNICAMP, Limeira, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - D F da Silva dos Santos
- Laboratory of Studies of Pain and Inflammation, School of Applied Sciences - UNICAMP, Limeira, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C O Jorge
- Laboratory of Studies of Pain and Inflammation, School of Applied Sciences - UNICAMP, Limeira, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C G Oliveira-Fusaro
- Laboratory of Studies of Pain and Inflammation, School of Applied Sciences - UNICAMP, Limeira, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - C A Parada
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Raimura M, Tashima K, Matsumoto K, Tobe S, Chino A, Namiki T, Terasawa K, Horie S. Neuronal nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide is involved in gastric mucosal hyperemic response to capsaicin in rats. Pharmacology 2013; 92:60-70. [PMID: 23920479 DOI: 10.1159/000351853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) by capsaicin leads to gastric hyperemic response through capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves and nitric oxide (NO). The aim of the present study is to examine which isoform of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)/NO is involved in the hyperemic response to capsaicin in the rat stomach. METHODS Gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry in rats. The localizations of TRPV1 and neuronal NOS (nNOS) in the rat gastric mucosa were detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS The nNOS inhibitor N(5)-[imino(propylamino)methyl]-L-ornithine substantially reduced GMBF during capsaicin application, whereas the endothelial NOS (eNOS) inhibitor N(5)-(1-iminomethyl)-L-ornithine did not affect the effect of capsaicin during the application. The nonselective NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester apparently inhibited the capsaicin-induced GMBF, while the inducible NOS inhibitor 1400W did not affect GMBF response to capsaicin. The immunohistochemical studies revealed nerve fibers coexpressing TRPV1 and nNOS around blood vessels in the gastric submucosa. CONCLUSION We demonstrated for the first time that nNOS/NO is involved in gastric hyperemic responses to capsaicin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Raimura
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai International University, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ristić D, Ellrich J. P2X7 receptor blockade reverses purinergic facilitation of neck muscle nociception in mice. Cephalalgia 2012; 32:544-53. [PMID: 22529194 DOI: 10.1177/0333102412444013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Facilitation of neck muscle nociception mediated via purinergic signalling may play a role in the pathophysiology of tension-type headache (TTH). The present study addressed reversal of purinergic facilitation of brainstem nociception via P2X7 antagonist action in anaesthetized mice. METHODS Following administration of α,β-meATP (i.m. 20 µL/min, 20 µL each) into semispinal neck muscles, the impact of neck muscle nociceptive input on brainstem processing was monitored by the jaw-opening reflex in anaesthetized mice (n = 20). The hypothesized involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the α,β-meATP effect was addressed with i.p. (systemic) and i.m. (semispinalis, 20 µL/min, 20 µL each) administration of P2X7 inhibitor A438079 during established facilitation; i.p. saline served as control. RESULTS α,β-meATP reliably induced jaw-opening reflex facilitation (256 ± 48% (mean ± SEM), n = 20). I.p. A438079 (150, 300 µmol/kg) completely reversed this α,β-meATP effect dose-dependently. Neither saline nor intramuscular A438079 (100 µM) altered facilitated brainstem nociceptive processing. DISCUSSION These data suggest that muscular structures are not directly involved in the P2X7 antagonist-mediated reversal of purinergic facilitation. Instead, involvement of neuronal structures, particularly of the central nervous system, seems more probable. The results from this animal experimental model may point to involvement of purinergic P2X7 receptors in TTH pathophysiology and may suggest potential future targets for its pharmacological treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Acetylsalicylic acid inhibits α,β-meATP-induced facilitation of neck muscle nociception in mice--implications for acute treatment of tension-type headache. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 673:13-9. [PMID: 22032900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Infusion of α,β-methylene ATP (α,β-meATP) into murine neck muscle facilitates brainstem nociception. This animal experimental model is suggested to be appropriate for investigating pathophysiological mechanisms in tension-type headache. It was hypothesized that d-lysine acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, aspirin®) reverses this α,β-meATP effect. Facilitation of neck muscle nociceptive processing was induced via bilateral infusion of α,β-meATP into semispinal neck muscles (100 nM, 20 μl each) in 42 anesthetized mice. Brainstem nociception was monitored by the jaw-opening reflex elicited via electrical tongue stimulation. The hypothesis was addressed by subsequent (15, 30, 60 mg/kg) and preceding (60 mg/kg) intraperitoneal ASA injection. Saline served as control to ASA solution. Subsequent ASA dose-dependently reversed α,β-meATP-induced reflex facilitation and was the most prominent with 60 mg/kg. Preceding 60 mg/kg ASA prevented reflex facilitation. Cyclooxygenases are involved in nociceptive transmission. Former experiments showed that unspecific inhibition of cyclooxygenases does not alter the α,β-meATP effect. This suggests a specific mode of action of ASA. The concept is accepted that neck muscle nociception is involved in the pathophysiology of tension-type headache. Thus, objective proof of ASA effects in this experimental model may emphasize its major role in pharmacological treatment of tension-type headache attacks.
Collapse
|