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Kouki A, Ferjani W, Dang PMC, Ghanem-Boughanmi N, Souli A, Ben-Attia M, El-Benna J. Preventive Anti-inflammatory Effects of Apocynin on Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. Inflammation 2024; 47:438-453. [PMID: 37880427 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease with a complex aetiology characterised by abnormal immune responses and oxidative stress-induced tissue injury. Inflammatory cells play an important role in the progression of this pathology through the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from various sources including the NADPH oxidases (NOXs). The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of apocynin, a natural antioxidant molecule and a selective inhibitor of NOXs, on acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Our results first confirmed that apocynin has a high free radical scavenging capacity as well as a potent iron chelating ability. Oral pretreatment of rats with apocynin (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) for 7 days prior to AA-induced colitis suppressed the increase in pro-oxidant markers in colonic homogenates and preserved colonic cytoarchitecture from acetic acid-induced damage. Oral administration of apocynin (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) also reduced several systemic inflammatory markers such as alkaline phosphatase, iron, pro-inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein and myeloperoxidase. This study shows that apocynin protects rats from acetic acid-induced colonic inflammation and suggests that apocynin may have a promising beneficial effect in the prevention of ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Kouki
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Inflammation Research Center, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, Xavier Bichat Faculty of Medicine, City University of Paris, Paris, F-75018, France
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Sciences Faculty of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Ferjani
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Sciences Faculty of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Pham My-Chan Dang
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Inflammation Research Center, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, Xavier Bichat Faculty of Medicine, City University of Paris, Paris, F-75018, France
| | - Néziha Ghanem-Boughanmi
- Risks Related to Environmental Stress Unity (UR17/ES20), Department of Life Sciences, Bizerta Faculty of Sciences, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Abdelaziz Souli
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Sciences Faculty of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Mossadok Ben-Attia
- Environment Biomonitoring Laboratory (LR01/ES14), Sciences Faculty of Bizerta, University of Carthage, 7021, Zarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Jamel El-Benna
- INSERM-U1149, CNRS-ERL8252, Inflammation Research Center, Inflamex Excellence Laboratory, Xavier Bichat Faculty of Medicine, City University of Paris, Paris, F-75018, France.
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Vasylyshyn R, Dmytruk O, Sybirnyy A, Ruchała J. Engineering of Ogataea polymorpha strains with ability for high-temperature alcoholic fermentation of cellobiose. FEMS Yeast Res 2024; 24:foae007. [PMID: 38400543 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful conversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels requires organisms capable of efficiently utilizing xylose as well as cellodextrins and glucose. Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha is the natural xylose-metabolizing organism and is one of the most thermotolerant yeasts known, with a maximum growth temperature above 50°C. Cellobiose-fermenting strains, derivatives of an improved ethanol producer from xylose O. polymorpha BEP/cat8∆, were constructed in this work by the introduction of heterologous genes encoding cellodextrin transporters (CDTs) and intracellular enzymes (β-glucosidase or cellobiose phosphorylase) that hydrolyze cellobiose. For this purpose, the genes gh1-1 of β-glucosidase, CDT-1m and CDT-2m of cellodextrin transporters from Neurospora crassa and the CBP gene coding for cellobiose phosphorylase from Saccharophagus degradans, were successfully expressed in O. polymorpha. Through metabolic engineering and mutagenesis, strains BEP/cat8∆/gh1-1/CDT-1m and BEP/cat8∆/CBP-1/CDT-2mAM were developed, showing improved parameters for high-temperature alcoholic fermentation of cellobiose. The study highlights the need for further optimization to enhance ethanol yields and elucidate cellobiose metabolism intricacies in O. polymorpha yeast. This is the first report of the successful development of stable methylotrophic thermotolerant strains of O. polymorpha capable of coutilizing cellobiose, glucose, and xylose under high-temperature alcoholic fermentation conditions at 45°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roksolana Vasylyshyn
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2D Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAN of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Olena Dmytruk
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2D Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAN of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Andriy Sybirnyy
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2D Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAN of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Justyna Ruchała
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2D Street, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology NAN of Ukraine, Drahomanov Street 14/16, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
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Ayoup MS, Abu-Serie MM, Abdel-Hamid H, Teleb M. Beyond direct Nrf2 activation; reinvestigating 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold as a master key unlocking the antioxidant cellular machinery for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 220:113475. [PMID: 33901898 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing the antioxidant cellular machinery has sparked considerable interest as an efficient anticancer strategy. Activating Nrf2, the master switch of the cellular redox system, suppresses ROS, alleviates oxidative stress, and halts cancer progression. 1,2,4-oxadiazoles are iconic direct Nrf2 activators that disrupt Nrf2 interaction with its endogenous repressor Keap1. This study introduces rationally designed 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives that inhibit other Nrf2 suppressors (TrxR1, IKKα, and NF-kB) thus enhancing Nrf2 activation for preventing oxidative stress and carcinogenesis. Preliminary screening showed that the phenolic oxadiazoles 11, 15, and 19 were comparable to ascorbic acid (ROS scavenging) and EDTA (iron chelation), and superior to doxorubicin against HepG-2, MDA-MB231, and Caco-2 cells. They suppressed ROS by 3 folds and activated Nrf2 by 2 folds in HepG-2 cells. Mechanistically, they inhibited TrxR1 (IC50; 13.19, 17.89, and 9.21 nM) and IKKα (IC50; 11.0, 15.94, and 19.58 nM), and downregulated NF-κB (7.6, 1.4 and 1.9 folds in HepG-2), respectively. They inhibited NADPH oxidase (IC50; 16.4, 21.94, and 10.71 nM, respectively) that potentiates their antioxidant activities. Docking studies predicted their important structural features. Finally, they recorded drug-like in silico physicochemical properties, ADMET, and ligand efficiency metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Salah Ayoup
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, SRTA-City, Egypt
| | - Hamida Abdel-Hamid
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
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Kappes L, Amer RL, Sommerlatte S, Bashir G, Plattfaut C, Gieseler F, Gemoll T, Busch H, Altahrawi A, Al-Sbiei A, Haneefa SM, Arafat K, Schimke LF, Khawanky NE, Schulze-Forster K, Heidecke H, Kerstein-Staehle A, Marschner G, Pitann S, Ochs HD, Mueller A, Attoub S, Fernandez-Cabezudo MJ, Riemekasten G, Al-Ramadi BK, Cabral-Marques O. Ambrisentan, an endothelin receptor type A-selective antagonist, inhibits cancer cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15931. [PMID: 32985601 PMCID: PMC7522204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies reported a central role of the endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) in tumor progression leading to the formation of metastasis. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effects of the FDA-approved ETAR antagonist, Ambrisentan, which is currently used to treat patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In vitro, Ambrisentan inhibited both spontaneous and induced migration/invasion capacity of different tumor cells (COLO-357 metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, OvCar3 ovarian carcinoma, MDA-MB-231 breast adenocarcinoma, and HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia). Whole transcriptome analysis using RNAseq indicated Ambrisentan's inhibitory effects on the whole transcriptome of resting and PAR2-activated COLO-357 cells, which tended to normalize to an unstimulated profile. Finally, in a pre-clinical murine model of metastatic breast cancer, treatment with Ambrisentan was effective in decreasing metastasis into the lungs and liver. Importantly, this was associated with a significant enhancement in animal survival. Taken together, our work suggests a new therapeutic application for Ambrisentan in the treatment of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Kappes
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ruba L Amer
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sabine Sommerlatte
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ghada Bashir
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Corinna Plattfaut
- Section Experimental Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School (UKSH), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Frank Gieseler
- Section Experimental Oncology, University Hospital and Medical School (UKSH), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Timo Gemoll
- Section for Translational Surgical Oncology and Biobanking, Department of Surgery, University of Lübeck and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hauke Busch
- Lübeck Institute for Experimental Dermatology (LIED) and Institute of Cardiogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Abeer Altahrawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ashraf Al-Sbiei
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shoja M Haneefa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kholoud Arafat
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lena F Schimke
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Nadia El Khawanky
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kai Schulze-Forster
- CellTrend GmbH, Luckenwalde, Brandenburg, Germany
- Department of Urology, Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Anja Kerstein-Staehle
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gabriele Marschner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Silke Pitann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Hans D Ochs
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Antje Mueller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Samir Attoub
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Maria J Fernandez-Cabezudo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gabriela Riemekasten
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Basel K Al-Ramadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Otavio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Lineu Prestes Avenue, 1730, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), São Paulo, Brazil.
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Survival of Streptococcus suis in Porcine Blood Is Limited by the Antibody- and Complement-Dependent Oxidative Burst Response of Granulocytes. Infect Immun 2020; 88:IAI.00598-19. [PMID: 31843967 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00598-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteremia is a hallmark of invasive Streptococcus suis infections of pigs, often leading to septicemia, meningitis, or arthritis. An important defense mechanism of neutrophils is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we report high levels of ROS production by blood granulocytes after intravenous infection of a pig with high levels of S. suis-specific antibodies and comparatively low levels of bacteremia. This prompted us to investigate the working hypothesis that the immunoglobulin-mediated oxidative burst contributes to the killing of S. suis in porcine blood. Several S. suis strains representing serotypes 2, 7, and 9 proved to be highly susceptible to the oxidative burst intermediate hydrogen peroxide, already at concentrations of 0.001%. The induction of ROS in granulocytes in ex vivo-infected reconstituted blood showed an association with pathogen-specific antibody levels. Importantly, inhibition of ROS production by the NADPH oxidase inhibitor apocynin led to significantly increased bacterial survival in the presence of high specific antibody levels. The oxidative burst rate of granulocytes partially depended on complement activation, as shown by specific inhibition. Furthermore, treatment of IgG-depleted serum with a specific IgM protease or heat to inactivate complement resulted in >3-fold decreased oxidative burst activity and increased bacterial survival in reconstituted porcine blood in accordance with an IgM-complement-oxidative burst axis. In conclusion, this study highlights an important control mechanism of S. suis bacteremia in the natural host: the induction of ROS in blood granulocytes via specific immunoglobulins such as IgM.
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In-vivo evaluation of apocynin for prevention of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 26:10-16. [PMID: 26938501 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains impacts the efficacy of eradication therapy and promotes the development of alternative treatment strategies. Apocynin inhibits neutrophil NADPH oxidase and hence may decrease reactive oxygen species-mediated tissue damage in H. pylori-infected stomach tissue. Apocynin was tested in vitro for its cytotoxic and direct antibacterial effects. The therapeutic efficacy of orally administered apocynin (100 mg/kg/day through drinking water or 200 mg/kg/day through combined administration of drinking water and slow-release formulation) was assessed at 9 weeks after infection in the Mongolian gerbil model. Bacterial burdens were quantified by viable plate count and quantitative PCR. Histopathological evaluation of antrum and pylorus provided insight into mucosal inflammation and injury. Apocynin showed no cytotoxic or direct antibacterial effects in vitro or in vivo. Nine weeks of apocynin treatment at 200 mg/kg/day reduced active H. pylori gastritis as neutrophil infiltration in the mucous neck region and pit abscess formation decreased significantly. In our gerbil model, prolonged high-dose apocynin treatment significantly improved H. pylori-induced pit abscess formation without indications of drug toxicity and thus further investigation of the dosage regimen and formulation and the long-term impact on neoplastic development should be carried out.
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Arumugam S, Girish Subbiah K, Kemparaju K, Thirunavukkarasu C. Neutrophil extracellular traps in acrolein promoted hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury: Therapeutic potential of NOX2 and p38MAPK inhibitors. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3244-3261. [PMID: 28884828 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil is a significant contributor to ischemia reperfusion (IR) induced liver tissue damage. However, the exact role of neutrophils in IR induced innate immune activation and liver damage is not quite clear. Our study sheds light on the role of chronic oxidative stress end products in worsening the IR inflammatory process by neutrophil recruitment and activation following liver surgery. We employed specific inhibitors for molecular targets-NOX2 (NADPH oxidase 2) and P38 MAPK (Mitogen activated protein kinase) signal to counteract neutrophil activation and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release induced liver damage in IR injury. We found that acrolein initiated neutrophil chemotaxis and induced NET release both in vitro and in vivo. Acrolein exposure caused NET induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage in HepG2 cells as well as aggravated the IR injury in rat liver. Pretreatment with F-apocynin and naringin, efficiently suppressed acrolein induced NET release in vitro. Notably, it suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines, P38MAPK-ERK activation, and apoptotic signals in rat liver exposed to acrolein and subjected to IR. Moreover, this combination effectively attenuated acrolein induced NET release and hepatic IR injury. In the current study we have shown that the acrolein accumulation in liver due to chronic stress, is responsible for neutrophil recruitment and its activation leading to NET induced liver damage during surgery. Our study shows that therapeutic targeting of NOX2 and P38MAPK signaling in patients with chronic hepatic disorders would improve post operative hepatic function and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyavaran Arumugam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of life sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
| | | | | | - Chinnasamy Thirunavukkarasu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of life sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India
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HPTLC Analysis of Bioactivity Guided Anticancer Enriched Fraction of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Picrorhiza kurroa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:513875. [PMID: 26557675 PMCID: PMC4628758 DOI: 10.1155/2015/513875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective. Hydroalcoholic extract of Picrorhiza kurroa and its fractions were subjected to in vitro screening for cytotoxicity; further best active fraction (BAF) obtained was tested against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) model in Balb/c mice after its quality control analysis. Methods. Cytotoxicities of all the fractions and mother extract of P. kurroa were determined, using MTT assay on breast cancer (MCF-7, MDA-MB 231) and cervical cancer (HeLa, SiHa) cell lines. Metabolic fingerprinting was developed using HPTLC with quantification of biomarkers (cucurbitacins B and E; betulinic acid; picrosides 1 and 2; and apocynin) in BAF. The EAC tumor-bearing mice were used for in vivo anticancer activity after oral administration (50 mg Kg−1) for 10 days. Results. Cytotoxicity assay of mother extract and its fractions over breast cancer and cervix cancer cell lines showed that dichloromethane (DCM) fraction was most cytotoxic (IC50 36.0–51.0 µg mL−1 at 72 h). Oral administration of DCM fraction showed significant reduction in tumor regression parameters, viable tumor cell count and restoration of hematological parameters may be due to presence of cucurbitacins B and E; betulinic acid; picrosides 1 and 2; and apocynin, as compared to the untreated mice of the control group. Conclusion. The DCM fraction of P. kurroa displayed potent anticancer activity and can be further explored for the development of a potential candidate for cancer therapy.
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Paracatu LC, de Faria CMQG, Zeraik ML, Quinello C, Rennó C, Palmeira P, da Fonseca LM, Ximenes VF. Hydrophobicity and antioxidant activity acting together for the beneficial health properties of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. Food Funct 2015; 6:1818-31. [PMID: 25927268 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00091b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) and rosmarinic acid (RA), phenolic compounds found in various plants and functional foods, have known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we comparatively investigated the importance of hydrophobicity and oxidisability of NDGA and RA, regarding their antioxidant and pharmacological activities. Using a panel of cell-free antioxidant protocols, including electrochemical measurements, we demonstrated that the anti-radical capacities of RA and NDGA were similar. However, the relative capacity of NDGA as an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (ex vivo assays) was significantly higher compared to RA. The inhibitory effect on NADPH oxidase was not related to simple scavengers of superoxide anions, as confirmed by oxygen consumption by the activated neutrophils. The higher hydrophobicity of NDGA was also a determinant for the higher efficacy of NDGA regarding the inhibition of the release of hypochlorous acid by PMA-activated neutrophil and cytokine (TNF-α and IL-10) production by Staphylococcus aureus-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In conclusion, although there have been extensive studies about the pharmacological properties of NDGA, our study showed, for the first time, the importance not only of its antioxidant activity, but also its hydrophobicity as a crucial factor for pharmacological action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Chiquetto Paracatu
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 14801-902, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Novel photoluminescent material by laccase-mediated polymerization of 4-fluoroguaiacol throughout defluorination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Caffeic Acid phenethyl ester: consequences of its hydrophobicity in the oxidative functions and cytokine release by leukocytes. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:793629. [PMID: 25254058 PMCID: PMC4164378 DOI: 10.1155/2014/793629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Numerous anti-inflammatory properties have been attributed to caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an active component of propolis. NADPH oxidases are multienzymatic complexes involved in many inflammatory diseases. Here, we studied the importance of the CAPE hydrophobicity on cell-free antioxidant capacity, inhibition of the NADPH oxidase and hypochlorous acid production, and release of TNF-α and IL-10 by activated leukocytes. The comparison was made with the related, but less hydrophobic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids. Cell-free studies such as superoxide anion scavenging assay, triene degradation, and anodic peak potential (Epa) measurements showed that the alterations in the hydrophobicity did not provoke significant changes in the oxidation potential and antiradical potency of the tested compounds. However, only CAPE was able to inhibit the production of superoxide anion by activated leukocytes. The inhibition of the NADPH oxidase resulted in the blockage of production of hypochlorous acid. Similarly, CAPE was the more effective inhibitor of the release of TNF-α and IL-10 by Staphylococcus aureus stimulated cells. In conclusion, the presence of the catechol moiety and the higher hydrophobicity were essential for the biological effects. Considering the involvement of NADPH oxidases in the genesis and progression of inflammatory diseases, CAPE should be considered as a promising anti-inflammatory drug.
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Bioactive secondary metabolites from Phomopsis sp., an endophytic fungus from Senna spectabilis. Molecules 2014; 19:6597-608. [PMID: 24858094 PMCID: PMC6271730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19056597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of an acetonitrile fraction from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. led to the isolation of the new natural product 2-hydroxy-alternariol (7) together with the known compounds cytochalasins J (1) and H (2), 5'-epialtenuene (3) and the mycotoxins alternariol monomethyl ether (AME, 4), alternariol (AOH, 5) and cytosporone C (6). The structure of the new compound was elucidated by using 1-D and 2-D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) and high resolution mass spectrometry. The cytochalasins J (1) and H (2) and AOH (5) exhibited potent inhibition of the total ROS (reactive oxygen species) produced by stimulated human neutrophils and acted as potent potential anti-inflammatory agents. Moreover, cytochalasin H (2) demonstrated antifungal and acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) inhibition in vitro.
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Gubiani JR, Zeraik ML, Oliveira CM, Ximenes VF, Nogueira CR, Fonseca LM, Silva DHS, Bolzani VS, Araujo AR. Biologically active eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes from Camarops sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Alibertia macrophylla. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2014; 77:668-72. [PMID: 24588269 DOI: 10.1021/np400825s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new eremophilane-type sesquiterpenes, xylarenones F (3) and G (4), have been isolated from solid substrate cultures of a Camarops sp. endophytic fungus isolated from Alibertia macrophylla, together with the known compounds xylarenones C (1) and D (2). The structures and relative configurations of 1-4 were elucidated by extensive NMR and HRESIMS spectroscopic analysis. Due to their effects on the respiratory burst of neutrophils, which included inhibition of the reactive oxygen species production, these sesquiterpenes exhibited potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana R Gubiani
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, NuBBE - Núcleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista , Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, 14800-900, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Jiang J, Kang H, Song X, Huang S, Li S, Xu J. A model of interaction between nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase and apocynin analogues by docking method. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:807-17. [PMID: 23344042 PMCID: PMC3565292 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14010807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Revised: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Some apocynin analogues have exhibited outstanding inhibition to NADPH oxidase. In this study, the key interactions between apocynin analogues and NADPH oxidase were analyzed by the docking method. The potential active site was first identified by the SiteID program combining with the key residue CYS378. Afterwards, the compounds in the training set were docked into NADPH oxidase (1K4U) under specific docking constraints to discuss the key interactions between ligands and the receptor. These key interactions were then validated by the consistence between the docking result and the experimental result of the test set. The result reveals that the Pi interaction between apocynin analogues and NADPH oxidase has a direct contribution to inhibition activities, except for H-bond formation and docking score. The key interactions might be valuable to discover and screen apocynin analogues as potent inhibitors of NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; E-Mails: (J.J.); (H.K.); (X.S.); (S.H.)
| | - Hongjun Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; E-Mails: (J.J.); (H.K.); (X.S.); (S.H.)
| | - Xiaoliang Song
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; E-Mails: (J.J.); (H.K.); (X.S.); (S.H.)
| | - Sichao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; E-Mails: (J.J.); (H.K.); (X.S.); (S.H.)
| | - Sha Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; E-Mails: (J.J.); (H.K.); (X.S.); (S.H.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-020-8522-3784 (S.L.); +86-020-8522-3704 (J.X.)
| | - Jun Xu
- College of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (S.L.); (J.X.); Tel.: +86-020-8522-3784 (S.L.); +86-020-8522-3704 (J.X.)
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15
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de Almeida AC, Dos Santos Vilela MM, Condino-Neto A, Ximenes VF. The importance of myeloperoxidase in apocynin-mediated NADPH oxidase inhibition. ISRN INFLAMMATION 2012; 2012:260453. [PMID: 24049643 PMCID: PMC3767205 DOI: 10.5402/2012/260453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Apocynin is widely used as an inhibitor of the NADPH oxidase. Since myeloperoxidase (MPO) has been considered as essential for the mechanism of action of apocynin, here we used cells with different levels of MPO and compared their sensitivity to apocynin. HL-60 cells were differentiated with DMSO or IFNγ/TNFα and compared with peripheral mononuclear (PBMC) and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). The relative MPO activity was PBMC = HL60 DMSO < HL60 IFNγ < PMN. Apocynin inhibited the intracellular reactive oxygen species production by PMN (80%) and IFNγ/TNFα-differentiated HL-60 cells (45%) but showed a minor effect in PBMC and DMSO differentiated HL-60 cells (20%). The addition of azide decreased the efficiency of apocynin in PMN and the addition of peroxidase increased the inhibition in PBMC. We also determined the gene expression of the components gp91phox, p47phox, p22phox and p67phox in the resting cells. Apocynin did not change gp91phox, p47phox or p22phox gene expression in nonstimulated PBMC, HL60 DMSO, HL60 IFNγ/TNFα, and PMN and has a subtle increase in p67phox in HL60 IFNγ/TNFα. The results from this work suggest that a rational search for better inhibitors of NADPH oxidase in leukocytes should include a correlation with their affinity as substrates for MPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina de Almeida
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Estadual Paulista UNESP, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, SP, Brazil
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