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Rocha DG, Holanda TM, Braz HLB, de Moraes JAS, Marinho AD, Maia PHF, de Moraes MEA, Fechine-Jamacaru FV, de Moraes Filho MO. Vasorelaxant effect of Alpinia zerumbet's essential oil on rat resistance artery involves blocking of calcium mobilization. Fitoterapia 2023; 169:105623. [PMID: 37500018 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Alpinia zerumbet is a plant from the Zingiberaceae family, popularly used for hypertension treatment. Several studies have demonstrated Alpinia zerumbet vasodilator effect on conductance vessels but not on resistance vessels. Thereby, the aim of this study was to verify the vasodilator effect of the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet (EOAz) on isolated rat resistance arteries and characterize its mechanism of action. Therefore, the effect of EOAz (3 to 3000 μg/mL) was verified in second-order branches of the mesenteric artery (SOBMA) pre-contracted by KCl and U46619. To study the mechanism of action, the influence of several inhibitors (TEA, 4-AP, Glibenclamide, Atropine, L-NAME, ODQ and indomethacin) on the vasodilator effect of EOAz was evaluated. Some protocols were also performed aiming to study the effect of EOAz on Ca2+ influx and release from intracellular storage. Furthermore, the binding energy of the main constituents with calcium channels were evaluated by molecular docking. Results showed an endothelium-independent vasorelaxant effect of EOAz on SOBMA, and only ODQ and L-NAME produced significant alteration on its pEC50. Regarding the calcium assays, contraction reduction caused by incubation with EOAz was observed in all three protocols. Hence, our results suggest that EOAz has a vasodilator effect mediated by inhibition of Ca2+ influx and release from intracellular storage, as well as an activation of the NOS/sGC pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Galvão Rocha
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
| | - Thais Muratori Holanda
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Helyson Lucas Bezerra Braz
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - João Alison Silveira de Moraes
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Aline Diogo Marinho
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Freitas Maia
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Francisco Vagnaldo Fechine-Jamacaru
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes Filho
- Drug Research and Development Center, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, 1000 Coronel Nunes de Melo St., 60430-275 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Soares ACF, Matos PM, Dias HJ, Aguiar GDP, dos Santos ES, Martins CHG, Veneziani RCS, Ambrósio SR, Heleno VCG. Variability of the antibacterial potential among analogue diterpenes against Gram-positive bacteria: considerations on the structure–activity relationship. CAN J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2018-0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The search for new antibacterial agents and a better comprehension of substances with antimicrobial behavior is mandatory nowadays due to the serious public health problem of infection diseases. In the present work, 30 diterpenes were studied, with 2 natural derivatives, named ent-16-kauren-19-oic acid and ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid, and 28 semi-synthetic derivatives. The natural diterpenes were isolated from Mikania glomerata and Viguiera arenaria, respectively. All diterpenes were submitted to antimicrobial assays against six different Gram-positive microorganisms to better understand the structure–activity relationship of antimicrobial diterpenes. The semi-synthetic derivatives were all obtained from the two natural derivatives by structural modifications, mainly esterification reactions. Both natural derivatives, together with the derivative ent-8(14)-pimaren-19-oic acid, displayed the most relevant antibacterial activities, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values that were less than 10 μg mL–1 for most pathogens; thus, they were considered promising antimicrobial agents. Moreover, in light of the hypothesis of Urzúa and colleagues, several considerations about the structure–activity relationship of antimicrobial diterpenes could be stated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Priscilla Mendonça Matos
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Herbert Júnior Dias
- Departamento de Química — FFCLRP, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriela de Paula Aguiar
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
- Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
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Cano BL, Moreira MR, Goulart MO, Dos Santos Gonçalves N, Veneziani RCS, Bastos JK, Ambrósio SR, Dos Santos RA. Comparative study of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of kaurenoic acid and its semi-synthetic derivatives methoxy kaurenoic acid and kaurenol in CHO-K1 cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 102:102-108. [PMID: 28167160 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The diterpene kaurenoic acid (KA) has vasorelaxant, antimicrobial, anti-tumoural and anti-leishmanial effects. Semi-synthetic derivatives were obtained to achieve more satisfactory responses. The assessment of genotoxicity is part of the toxicological evaluation of therapeutic compound candidates. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of KA and its semi-synthetic derivatives methoxy kaurenoic acid (MKA) and kaurenol (KRN) using the CHO-K1 cell line. The cytotoxicity evaluation demonstrated that treatments with 200 and 400 μM KA reduced cellular proliferation to 36.5 and 4.43%, respectively, and that 100 and 200 μM KA reduced the survival fraction (SF) to 48.1 and 5.5%, respectively. MKA and KRN at concentrations of 400 μM reduced proliferation to 81 and 86.8%, respectively, while 100 and 200 μM KRN reduced the SF to 50%, and 200 μM MKA reduced the SF to 74%. No genotoxicity was observed for KA or MKA. However, 100 μM KRN increased the DNA damage index, as detected by comet assay, although a micronucleus assay did not confirm these data. The results demonstrated that KA and its semi-synthetic derivative MKA were not genotoxic when tested at noncytotoxic concentrations, but KRN was genotoxic at the highest concentration that was tested, as demonstrated by the comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Pharmaceutical Sciences School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Simplicio JA, Simão MR, Ambrosio SR, Tirapelli CR. The Labdane Ent-3-Acetoxy-Labda-8(17), 13-Dien-15-Oic Decreases Blood Pressure In Hypertensive Rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 106:481-90. [PMID: 27096521 PMCID: PMC4940147 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20160058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Labdane-type diterpenes induce lower blood pressure via relaxation of
vascular smooth muscle; however, there are no studies describing the effects
of labdanes in hypertensive rats. Objective The present study was designed to investigate the cardiovascular actions of
the labdane-type diterpene ent-3-acetoxy-labda-8(17), 13-dien-15-oic acid
(labda-15-oic acid) in two-kidney 1 clip (2K-1C) renal hypertension. Methods Vascular reactivity experiments were performed in aortic rings isolated from
2K-1C and normotensive (2K) male Wistar rats. Nitrate/nitrite (NOx)
measurement was performed in aortas by colorimetric assay. Blood pressure
measurements were performed in conscious rats. Results Labda-15-oic acid (0.1-300 µmol/l) and forskolin (0.1
nmol/l - 1 µmol/l) relaxed endothelium-intact and
endothelium-denuded aortas from both 2K-1C and 2K rats. Labda-15-oic acid
was more effective at inducing relaxation in endothelium-intact aortas from
2K pre-contracted with phenylephrine when compared to the
endothelium-denuded ones. Forskolin was more potent than labda-15-oic acid
at inducing vascular relaxation in arteries from both 2K and 2K-1C rats.
Labda-15-oic acid-induced increase in NOx levels was lower in arteries from
2K-1C rats when compared to 2K rats. Intravenous administration of
labda-15-oic acid (0.3-3 mg/kg) or forskolin (0.1-1 mg/kg) induced
hypotension in conscious 2K-1C and 2K rats. Conclusion The present findings show that labda-15-oic acid induces vascular relaxation
and hypotension in hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina A Simplicio
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marilia R Simão
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Sergio R Ambrosio
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Franca, Franca, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos R Tirapelli
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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Villa-Ruano N, Lozoya-Gloria E, Pacheco-Hernández Y. Kaurenoic Acid. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63932-5.00003-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chávez K, Compagnone RS, Álvarez A, Figarella K, Galindo-Castro I, Marsiccobetre S, Triviño J, Arocha I, Taddei A, Orsini G, Tillett S, Suárez AI. Synthesis and biological evaluation of caracasine acid derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3687-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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da Cunha GH, de Moraes MO, Fechine FV, Frota Bezerra FA, Silveira ER, Canuto KM, de Moraes MEA. Vasorelaxant and antihypertensive effects of methanolic fraction of the essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 58:337-45. [PMID: 23603277 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alpinia zerumbet is used in folk medicine in Brazil to treat hypertension. However, several pathways involved in the mechanism of vasorelaxation are still unclear. This study was designed to verify the antihypertensive effect of the methanolic fraction of the essential oil of A. zerumbet (MFEOAz) and to characterize its mechanism of action. The thoracic aortic rings from the Wistar rats were perfused in the organ chambers filled with Kreb's solution, where the tension of each ring was measured. The antihypertensive effect of MFEOAz was assessed in rats submitted to chronic hypertension by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis by indirect measurement of blood pressure with indirect tail cuff method. MFEOAz relaxed phenylephrine and KCl-induced contraction of either endothelium-intact or endothelium-denuded rat aortic rings in a concentration-dependent manner. Pre-incubation with MFEOAz (100 and 300 μg/mL) in Ca(2+)-free Krebs solution attenuated phenylephrine- or caffeine-induced contraction. Pre-incubation with L-NAME, ODQ, wortmannin, atropine, indomethacin, catalase, SOD, TEA, 4-aminopyridine, glibenclamide, apamin, charybdotoxin, or iberiotoxin did not affect MFEOAz-induced relaxation. The intragastric administration of MFEOAz induced an antihypertensive effect. MFEOAz it seems inhibited the calcium influx via voltage-operated calcium channels and receptor-operated calcium channels, as well as inhibition of calcium mobilization from intracellular stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilmara Holanda da Cunha
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Coronel Nunes de Melo 1127, 60430-270, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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