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Connolly K, Batacan R, Jackson D, Vella R, Fenning A. Perindopril prevents development of obesity and hypertension in middle aged diet-induced obese rat models of metabolic syndrome. Life Sci 2023; 314:121291. [PMID: 36535403 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The therapeutic properties of anti-hypertensive medications that extend beyond blood pressure lowering have started to become important clinical targets in recent years. This study aimed to assess the cardioprotective effects of perindopril in attenuating complications associated with metabolic syndrome in diet induced obese rats. MAIN METHODS Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats aged 16 weeks were fed either standard rat chow (SC) or given a high-fat-high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet for 20 weeks. Perindopril treatment (1 mg/kg/day) was administered to a subset of WKY rats commencing at week 8 of the 20 week HFHC feeding period. Body weights, food, water and energy intakes, blood pressure, heart rate and glucose tolerance were measured throughout the treatment period. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, lipid levels, cardiac collagen deposition, vascular function, aortic and cardiac electrical function were examined after the treatment. KEY FINDINGS WKY rats developed metabolic syndrome after 20 weeks of HFHC feeding, evidenced by the presence of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance and hypertension. Perindopril treatment prevented the development of obesity and hypertension in WKY-HFHC. Perindopril improved blood lipid profiles in HFHC rats with decreases in LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and total cholesterol. Type I collagen levels were decreased in WKY-HFHC rats along with decreases in left ventricle mass. Perindopril treated rats also showed improved cardiac electrical function indicated by decreases in action potential at 90 % of repolarisation in WKY-HFHC rats. SIGNIFICANCE These results show that perindopril has a profound effect on preventing the development of metabolic syndrome in animals fed a HFHC diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Connolly
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Romeo Batacan
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia.
| | - Douglas Jackson
- Australian Catholic University, 40 Edward St, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia
| | - Rebecca Vella
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Andrew Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
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Zeboudj L, Giraud A, Guyonnet L, Zhang Y, Laurans L, Esposito B, Vilar J, Chipont A, Papac-Milicevic N, Binder CJ, Tedgui A, Mallat Z, Tharaux PL, Ait-Oufella H. Selective EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) Deletion in Myeloid Cells Limits Atherosclerosis—Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:114-119. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.309927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Zeboudj
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Andréas Giraud
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Lea Guyonnet
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Ludivine Laurans
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Bruno Esposito
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Jose Vilar
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Anna Chipont
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Nikolina Papac-Milicevic
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Christoph J. Binder
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Alain Tedgui
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Ziad Mallat
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Pierre-Louis Tharaux
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
| | - Hafid Ait-Oufella
- From the Inserm U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Université René Descartes Paris 5, France (L.Z., A.G., L.G., Y.Z., L.L., B.E., J.V., A.C., A.T., Z.M., P.-L.T., H.A.-O.); Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (N.P.-M., C.J.B.) and Department of Laboratory Medicine (N.P.-M., C.J.B.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom (Z.M.); and Service de Réanimation
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Gargiulo S, Gamba P, Testa G, Leonarduzzi G, Poli G. The role of oxysterols in vascular ageing. J Physiol 2016; 594:2095-113. [PMID: 26648329 DOI: 10.1113/jp271168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The ageing endothelium progressively loses its remarkable and crucial ability to maintain homeostasis of the vasculature, as it acquires a proinflammatory phenotype. Cellular and structural changes gradually accumulate in the blood vessels, and markedly in artery walls. Most changes in aged arteries are comparable to those occurring during the atherogenic process, the latter being more marked: pro-oxidant and proinflammatory molecules, mainly deriving from or triggered by oxidized low density lipoproteins (oxLDLs), are undoubtedly a major driving force of this process. Oxysterols, quantitatively relevant components of oxLDLs, are likely candidate molecules in the pathogenesis of vascular ageing, because of their marked pro-oxidant, proinflammatory and proapoptotic properties. An increasing bulk of experimental data point to the contribution of a variety of oxysterols of pathophysiological interest, also in the age-related genesis of endothelium dysfunction, intimal thickening due to lipid accumulation, and smooth muscle cell migration and arterial stiffness due to increasing collagen deposition and calcification. This review provides an updated analysis of the molecular mechanisms whereby oxysterols accumulating in the wall of ageing blood vessels may 'activate' endothelial and monocytic cells, through expression of an inflammatory phenotype, and 'convince' smooth muscle cells to proliferate, migrate and, above all, to act as fibroblast-like cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Gargiulo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Testa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Leonarduzzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Hospital, 10043 Orbassano, Torino, Italy
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Fraga-Silva RA, Savergnini SQ, Montecucco F, Nencioni A, Caffa I, Soncini D, Costa-Fraga FP, De Sousa FB, Sinisterra RD, Capettini LAS, Lenglet S, Galan K, Pelli G, Bertolotto M, Pende A, Spinella G, Pane B, Dallegri F, Palombo D, Mach F, Stergiopulos N, Santos RAS, da Silva RF. Treatment with Angiotensin-(1-7) reduces inflammation in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Thromb Haemost 2014; 111:736-47. [PMID: 24499778 DOI: 10.1160/th13-06-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7), acting through the receptor Mas, has atheroprotective effects; however, its role on plaque vulnerability has been poorly studied. Here, we investigated the expression of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) components in stable and unstable human carotid plaques. In addition, we evaluated the effects of the chronic treatment with an oral formulation of Ang-(1-7) in a mouse model of shear stress-determined carotid atherosclerotic plaque. Upstream and downstream regions of internal carotid plaques were obtained from a recently published cohort of patients asymptomatic or symptomatic for ischaemic stroke. Angiotensinogen and renin genes were strongly expressed in the entire cohort, indicating an intense intraplaque modulation of the RAS. Intraplaque expression of the Mas receptor mRNA was increased in the downstream portion of asymptomatic patients as compared to corresponding region in symptomatic patients. Conversely, AT1 receptor gene expression was not modified between asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. Treatment with Ang-(1-7) in ApoE-/- mice was associated with increased intraplaque collagen content in the aortic root and low shear stress-induced carotid plaques, and a decreased MMP-9 content and neutrophil and macrophage infiltration. These beneficial effects were not observed in the oscillatory shear stress-induced plaque. In vitro incubation with Ang-(1-7) did not affect ICAM-1 expression and apoptosis on cultured endothelial cells. In conclusion, Mas receptor is up regulated in the downstream portions of human stable carotid plaques as compared to unstable lesions. Treatment with the oral formulation of Ang-(1-7) enhances a more stable phenotype in atherosclerotic plaques, depending on the local pattern of shear stress forces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robson A S Santos
- Robson Augusto Souza dos Santos, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 - UFMG, 31270-901 - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 3409 2956, E-mail:
| | - Rafaela F da Silva
- Rafaela Fernandes da Silva, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627 - UFMG, 31270-901 - Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil, Tel.: +55 31 3409 2956, E-mail:
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Rafatian N, Milne RW, Leenen FHH, Whitman SC. Role of renin-angiotensin system in activation of macrophages by modified lipoproteins. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013; 305:H1309-20. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00826.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II favors the development of atherosclerosis. Our goal was to determine if foam cell formation increases angiotensin II generation by the endogenous renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and if endogenously produced angiotensin II promotes lipid accumulation in macrophages. Differentiated THP-1 cells were treated with acetylated low-density lipoproteins (ac-LDL), native LDL (n-LDL), or no LDL. Expression of RAS genes was assessed and angiotensin I/II levels were quantified in media and cell lysate. Ac-LDL increased angiotensin I/II levels and the angiotensin II/I ratio in cells and media after foam cell formation. Renin mRNA or activity did not change, but renin blockade completely inhibited the increase in angiotensin II. Angiotensinogen mRNA but not protein level was increased. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and cathepsin G mRNA and activities were enhanced by ac-LDL. Inhibition of renin, ACE, or the angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1-receptor) largely abolished cholesteryl ester formation in cells exposed to ac-LDL and decreased scavenger receptor A (SR-A) and acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT-1) protein levels. Inhibition of renin or the AT1-receptor in cells treated with oxidized LDL also decreased SR-A and ACAT-1 protein and foam cell formation. ac-LDL also increased angiotensin II by human peripheral blood monocyte-derived macrophages, whereas blockade of renin decreased cholesterol ester formation in these macrophages. These findings indicate that, during foam cell formation, angiotensin II generation by the endogenous RAS is stimulated and that endogenously generated angiotensin II is crucial for cholesterol ester accumulation in macrophages exposed to modified LDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naimeh Rafatian
- Hypertension Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Vascular Biology Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Ross W. Milne
- Diabetes and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frans H. H. Leenen
- Hypertension Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Stewart C. Whitman
- Vascular Biology Unit, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
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