1
|
Atallah M, Yamashita T, Hu X, Hu X, Abe K. Edaravone Confers Neuroprotective, Anti-inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects on the Fetal Brain of a Placental-ischemia Mouse Model. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2023; 18:640-656. [PMID: 37924374 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-023-10095-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) is a well-established model which mimics many clinical features of preeclampsia (PE). Edaravone is a free radical scavenger with neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against different models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the different potential mechanisms through which PE affects fetal brain development using our previously established RUPP-placental ischemia mouse model. In addition, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of edaravone against the RUPP-induced fetal brain development alterations. On gestation day (GD) 13, pregnant mice were divided into four groups; sham (SV), edaravone (SE), RUPP (RV), and RUPP+edaravone (RE). SV and SE groups underwent sham surgeries, however, RV and RE groups were subjected to RUPP surgery via bilateral uterine ligation. Edaravone (3mg/kg) was injected via tail i.v. injection from GD 14-18. The fetal brains from different groups were collected on GD 18 and subjected to further investigations. The results showed that RUPP altered the structure of fetal brain cortex, induced neurodegeneration, increased the expression of the investigated pro-inflammatory markers; TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MMP-9. RUPP resulted in microglial and astrocyte activation in the fetal brains, in addition to upregulation of Hif-1α and iNOS. Edaravone conferred a neuroprotective effect via alleviating the inflammatory response, restoring the neuronal structure and decreasing oxidative stress in the developing fetal brain. In conclusion, RUPP-placental ischemia mouse model could be a useful tool to further understand the underlying mechanisms of PE-induced child neuronal alterations. Edaravone could be a potential adjuvant therapy during PE to protect the developing fetal brain. The current study investigated the effects of a placenta-induced ischemia mouse model using reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery on the fetal brain development and the potential neuroprotective effects of the drug edaravone. The study found that the RUPP model caused neurodegeneration and a pro-inflammatory response in the developing fetal brain, as well as hypoxia and oxidative stress. However, maternal injection of edaravone showed a strong ability to protect against these detrimental effects and target multiple pathways associated with neuronal damage. The current study suggests that the RUPP model could be useful for further study of the impact of preeclampsia on fetal brain development and that edaravone may have potential as a therapy for protecting against this damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Atallah
- Vertebrates Comparative Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shibin El-Koom, Egypt.
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Xinran Hu
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
- National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), National Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fasudil Ameliorates Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Modulation of Redox-Sensitive Signals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15111436. [PMID: 36422565 PMCID: PMC9693476 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most widely used cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, and it is used in the treatment of different autoimmune disorders. However, the clinical applications of MTX are limited by its hepatic toxicity. Hence, the present study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of fasudil (Rho-Kinase inhibitor) in the amelioration of MTX hepatotoxicity and the possible underlying mechanisms. Experimentally, 32 male Sprague Dawley rats were used and divided into four groups: control, MTX (20 mg/kg, i.p., single dose), fasudil (10 mg/kg/day i.p.) for one week, and fasudil plus MTX. It was found that MTX significantly induced hepatitis and hepatocellular damage, as shown by abnormal histological findings and liver dysfunction (ALT and AST), with up-regulation of the inflammatory mediators NF-κB-p65 and IL-1β. Moreover, MTX remarkably disrupted oxidant/antioxidant status, as evidenced by malondialdehyde (MDA) up-regulation associated with the depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels. Moreover, MTX reduced the hepatic expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). On the contrary, the i.p. administration of fasudil significantly ameliorated MTX hepatotoxicity by histopathological improvement, restoring oxidant/antioxidant balance, preventing hepatic inflammation, and improving the hepatic anti-apoptotic capability. Furthermore, fasudil hepatic concentration was determined for the first time using the validated RP-HPLC method. In conclusion, the present study revealed that fasudil has a reliable hepatoprotective effect against MTX hepatotoxicity with underlying antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. It also introduced a new method for the determination of fasudil hepatic tissue concentration using the RP-HPLC technique.
Collapse
|
3
|
AKINCI UYSAL Ç, TEMİZ REŞİTOĞLU M, GÜDEN DS, ŞENOL SP, VEZİR Ö, SUCU N, TUNÇTAN B, MALİK KU, FIRAT S. Inhibition of mTOR protects against skeletal muscle and kidney injury following hindlimb ischemia-reperfusion in rats by regulating MERK1/ERK1/2 activity. CUKUROVA MEDICAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.17826/cumj.1021518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
|
4
|
Disrupting RhoA activity by blocking Arhgef3 expression mitigates microglia-induced neuroinflammation post spinal cord contusion. J Neuroimmunol 2021; 359:577688. [PMID: 34390950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Excess inflammatory microglia activation deteriorates the pathological degree of spinal cord injury (SCI). We here employed microglia samples in vitro and murine model in vivo to trace the role of inhibition of Arhgef3 in inflammatory response post SCI. From the specimen analysis of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory microglia, we found that Arhgef3 expression was positively relative to microglia activation. In vitro, LPS caused the microglia inflammatory activation and induced upregulation of the Arhgef3 expression. Interestingly, presence of Arhgef3 could activate RhoA through promoting Rho GTPases, but silencing of Arhgef3 decreased RhoA activation and inhibited the microglia inflammation. Moreover, disruption of Arhgef3 inhibited the GTP-RhoA, resulted in a suppression of proinflammatory cytokines, and alleviated the LPS-elicited inflammatory genes expression. Moreover, artificially decreasing Arhgef3 expression remarkedly reduced ROS generation after LPS treatment. In vivo of a mouse mechanical contusion-induced SCI model, inhibition of Arhgef3 reduced the ratio of GTP-RhoA/Total-RhoA, and prevented SCI via mitigating the microglial inflammatory phenotype and decreased secondary neurological injury. Besides, inhibition of Arhgef3 prevented alleviated the degree of demyelination but did not affect neuronal regeneration. Meaningfully, absence of Arhgef3 improved mouse locomotor recovery post SCI. Taken together, Arhgef3 involves the microglial activation and inflammatory response following neural injury, and targeted disrupting of which may indicate a promising therapeutic direction in preventing SCI.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kocak Z, Temiz-Resitoglu M, Guden DS, Vezir O, Sucu N, Balcı S, Tamer-Gumus L, Tunctan B, Malik KU, Sahan-Firat S. Modulation of oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammatory response by rapamycin in target and distant organs in rats exposed to hindlimb ischemia–reperfusion: the role of mammalian target of rapamycin. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:1193-1203. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2019-0394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been recognized with potential immunomodulatory properties playing an important role in various physiopathological processes including ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. I/R injury stimulate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by activating nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase and inducible nitric oxide synthase, respectively. Controversial results have been obtained in different I/R models following localized I/R; however, the precise role of the mTOR signaling pathway remains undefined. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the role of the mTOR in oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammation in hindlimb I/R-induced injury in target and remote organ injuries. In rats subjected to I/R, an increased expression of ribosomal protein S6 (rpS6), inhibitor κB (IκB)-α, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase 2, gp91phox, and levels of tumor necrosis factor α, nitrite, nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde and the activities of myeloperoxidase and catalase in the tissues and (or) sera were detected. Treatment with rapamycin, a selective inhibitor of mTOR, reversed all the I/R-induced changes as manifested by its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in kidney and gastrocnemius muscle of rats. Collectively, these findings suggest that rapamycin protects against I/R-induced oxidative–nitrosative stress and inflammation leading to organ injuries via suppression of mTOR/IκB-α/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zumrut Kocak
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Meryem Temiz-Resitoglu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Demet Sinem Guden
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Ozden Vezir
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mersin State Hospital, 33240 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Nehir Sucu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Senay Balcı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Lulufer Tamer-Gumus
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mersin University, 33150 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Bahar Tunctan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kafait U. Malik
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee, Center for Health Sciences, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - Seyhan Sahan-Firat
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mersin University, 33169 Mersin, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhao Y, Liu X, Fu X, Mo Z, Jiang Y, Yan Y. Protective effects of epigallocatechin gallate against ischemia reperfusion injury in rat skeletal muscle via activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2019; 239:117014. [PMID: 31678278 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.117014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Previous studies have demonstrated that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) had certain protective effects on myocardial and renal ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. We aimed to research the special effects and underling mechanisms of EGCG on skeletal muscle I/R injury. MAIN METHOD We established an experimental rat model of I/R skeletal muscle injury and treated with different doses of EGCG. Hematoxylin eosin staining, TUNEL assay, ELISA, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate the effects of EGCG. KEY FINDINDS EGCG significantly improved skeletal muscle function of I/R injury rats. Moreover, EGCG had positive effects on decreasing apoptosis of skeletal muscle tissues, alleviating oxidative stress damage and suppressing the production of inflammatory cytokines. Further, EGCG had positive effects on activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. SIGNIFICANCE EGCG might be a powerful candidate compound for alleviating I/R injury in rat skeletal muscle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu China
| | - Xinhao Liu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu China
| | - Xuejuan Fu
- School of Sports and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, 210014, Jiangsu China
| | - Zhongyun Mo
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Yanli Yan
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ito A, Shiroto T, Godo S, Saito H, Tanaka S, Ikumi Y, Kajitani S, Satoh K, Shimokawa H. Important roles of endothelial caveolin-1 in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and ischemic angiogenesis in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2019; 316:H900-H910. [PMID: 30707613 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00589.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, the importance of physiological ROS has also been emerging. We have previously demonstrated that endothelium-derived H2O2 is an endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization (EDH) factor and that loss of endothelial caveolin-1 reduces EDH/H2O2 in the microcirculation. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a scaffolding/regulatory protein that interacts with diverse signaling pathways, including angiogenesis. However, it remains unclear whether endothelial Cav-1 plays a role in ischemic angiogenesis by modulating EDH/H2O2. In the present study, we thus addressed this issue in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia using male endothelium-specific Cav-1 (eCav-1) knockout (KO) mice. In isometric tension experiments with femoral arteries from eCav-1-KO mice, reduced EDH-mediated relaxations to acetylcholine and desensitization of sodium nitroprusside-mediated endothelium-independent relaxations were noted ( n = 4~6). An ex vivo aortic ring assay also showed that the extent of microvessel sprouting was significantly reduced in eCav-1-KO mice compared with wild-type (WT) littermates ( n = 12 each). Blood flow recovery at 4 wk assessed with a laser speckle flowmeter after femoral artery ligation was significantly impaired in eCav-1-KO mice compared with WT littermates ( n = 10 each) and was associated with reduced capillary density and muscle fibrosis in the legs ( n = 6 each). Importantly, posttranslational protein modifications by reactive nitrogen species and ROS, as evaluated by thiol glutathione adducts and nitrotyrosine, respectively, were both increased in eCav-1-KO mice ( n = 6~7 each). These results indicate that endothelial Cav-1 plays an important role in EDH-mediated vasodilatation and ischemic angiogenesis through posttranslational protein modifications by nitrooxidative stress in mice in vivo. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, the importance of physiological ROS has also been emerging. The present study provides a line of novel evidence that endothelial caveolin-1 plays important roles in endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and ischemic angiogenesis in hindlimb ischemia in mice through posttranslational protein modifications by reactive nitrogen species and ROS in mice in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyo Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Takashi Shiroto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Shigeo Godo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Hiroki Saito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Shuhei Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Yosuke Ikumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Shoko Kajitani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Kimio Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine , Sendai , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zafirovic S, Sudar-Milovanovic E, Obradovic M, Djordjevic J, Jasnic N, Borovic ML, Isenovic ER. Involvement of PI3K, Akt and RhoA in Oestradiol Regulation of Cardiac iNOS Expression. Curr Vasc Pharmacol 2018; 17:307-318. [PMID: 29437011 DOI: 10.2174/1570161116666180212142414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oestradiol is an important regulatory factor with several positive effects on the cardiovascular (CV) system. We evaluated the molecular mechanism of the in vivo effects of oestradiol on the regulation of cardiac inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) expression and activity. METHODS Male Wistar rats were treated with oestradiol (40 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) and after 24 h the animals were sacrificed. The concentrations of NO and L-Arginine (L-Arg) were determined spectrophotometrically. For protein expressions of iNOS, p65 subunit of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB-p65), Ras homolog gene family-member A (RhoA), angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R), insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), p85, p110 and protein kinase B (Akt), Western blot method was used. Coimmunoprecipitation was used for measuring the association of IRS-1 with the p85 subunit of phosphatidylinositol- 3-kinase (PI3K). The expression of iNOS messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) was measured with the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Immunohistochemical analysis of the tissue was used to detect localization and expression of iNOS in heart tissue. RESULTS Oestradiol treatment reduced L-Arg concentration (p<0.01), iNOS mRNA (p<0.01) and protein (p<0.001) expression, level of RhoA (p<0.05) and AT1R (p<0.001) protein. In contrast, plasma NO (p<0.05), Akt phosphorylation at Thr308 (p<0.05) and protein level of p85 (p<0.001) increased after oestradiol treatment. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that oestradiol in vivo regulates cardiac iNOS expression via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, through attenuation of RhoA and AT1R.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Zafirovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Sudar-Milovanovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Obradovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Djordjevic
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa Jasnic
- Institute of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Labudovic Borovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology "Aleksandar D. Kostic", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Esma R Isenovic
- Institute of Nuclear Sciences "Vinca", Department of Radiobiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Stomatology, Pancevo, University Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Figueroa H, Alvarado C, Cifuentes J, Lozano M, Rocco J, Cabezas C, Illanes SE, Eixarch E, Hernández-Andrade E, Gratacós E, Irarrazabal CE. Oxidative damage and nitric oxide synthase induction by surgical uteroplacental circulation restriction in the rabbit fetal heart. Prenat Diagn 2017; 37:453-459. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.5031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Clinica Davila; Santiago Chile
| | - Cristobal Alvarado
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences; Universidad San Sebastián; Concepción Chile
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción; Concepción Chile
| | - Jorge Cifuentes
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Mauricio Lozano
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Jocelyn Rocco
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| | - Claudia Cabezas
- Faculty of Medicine; Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción; Concepción Chile
| | - Sebastian E. Illanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Clinica Davila; Santiago Chile
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
| | - Edgar Hernández-Andrade
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- National Institute of Perinatal Medicine; Mexico City Mexico
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine; Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetrícia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras; Barcelona Spain
| | - Carlos E. Irarrazabal
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Integrativa Molecular, Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Santiago Chile
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lu W, Kang J, Hu K, Tang S, Zhou X, Xu L, Li Y, Yu S. The role of the Nox4-derived ROS-mediated RhoA/Rho kinase pathway in rat hypertension induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia. Sleep Breath 2017; 21:667-677. [PMID: 28078487 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-016-1449-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, which is a risk factor for resistant hypertension, is characterized by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and is associated with many cardiovascular diseases. CIH elicits systemic oxidative stress and sympathetic hyperactivity, which lead to hypertension. Rho kinases (ROCKs) are considered to be major effectors of the small GTPase RhoA and have been extensively studied in the cardiovascular field. Upregulation of the RhoA/ROCK signaling cascade is observed in various cardiovascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension, and stroke. However, the exact molecular function of RhoA/ROCK in CIH remains unclear and requires further study. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of the NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4)-induced ROS/RhoA/ROCK pathway in CIH-induced hypertension in rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to CIH for 21 days (intermittent hypoxia of 21% O2 for 60 s and 5% O2 for 30 s, cyclically repeated for 8 h/day). We randomly assigned 56 male rats to groups of normoxia (RA) or vertically implemented CIH together with vehicle (CIH-V), GKT137831 (CIH-G), N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (CIH-N), or Y27632 (CIH-Y). The rats in the RA group were continuously exposed to room air, whereas the rats in the other groups were exposed to CIH. Systolic blood pressure (BP) was monitored at the beginning of each week. After the experiment, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) was recorded, and serum and renal tissues were subjected to molecular biological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS Compared with the BP of RA rats, the BP of CIH-V rats started to increase 2 weeks after the beginning of the experiment, subsequently stabilizing at a high level at the end of the third week. CIH increased both RSNA and oxidative stress. This response was attenuated by treatment of the rats with GKT137831 or NAC. Inhibiting Nox4 activity or ROS production reduced RhoA/ROCK expression. Treatment with Y27632 reduced both BP and RSNA in rats exposed to CIH. CONCLUSION Hypertension can be induced by CIH in SD rats. The CIH-induced elevation of BP is at least partially mediated via the Nox4-induced ROS/RhoA/ROCK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing Kang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ke Hu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Si Tang
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xiufang Zhou
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Lifang Xu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Shuhui Yu
- Division of Respiratory Disease, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dong W, Jia Y, Liu X, Zhang H, Li T, Huang W, Chen X, Wang F, Sun W, Wu H. Sodium butyrate activates NRF2 to ameliorate diabetic nephropathy possibly via inhibition of HDAC. J Endocrinol 2017; 232:71-83. [PMID: 27799462 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) plays a key role in cellular defense against oxidative stress. NRF2 activators have shown promising preventive effects on DN. Sodium butyrate (NaB) is a known activator of NRF2. However, it is unknown whether NRF2 is required for NaB protection against DN. Therefore, streptozotocin-induced diabetic C57BL/6 Nrf2 knockout and their wild-type mice were treated in the presence or absence of NaB for 20 weeks. Diabetic mice, but not NaB-treated diabetic mice, developed significant renal oxidative damage, inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis, pathological changes and albuminuria. NaB inhibited histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity and elevated the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream targets heme oxygenase 1 and NAD(P)H dehydrogenase quinone 1. Notably, deletion of the Nrf2 gene completely abolished NaB activation of NRF2 signaling and protection against diabetes-induced renal injury. Interestingly, the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1, the negative regulator of NRF2, was not altered by NaB under both diabetic and non-diabetic conditions. Moreover, NRF2 nuclear translocation was not promoted by NaB. Therefore, the present study indicates, for the first time, that NRF2 plays a key role in NaB protection against DN. Other findings suggest that NaB may activate Nrf2 at the transcriptional level, possibly by the inhibition of HDAC activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Dong
- Dialysis CenterDaqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Jia
- Department of NephrologyThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuxia Liu
- Department of Clinical LaboratoryThe Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Operating theatreChina-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tie Li
- Department of Acupuncture and TuinaChangchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Huang
- School of Science and TechnologyGeorgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, Georgia, USA
| | - Xudong Chen
- Gastroenterology Department No. 1Jilin Central General Hospital, Jilin, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuchun Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and TuinaChangchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixia Sun
- Department of NephrologyThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Acupuncture and TuinaChangchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- Department of NephrologyThe Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Du R, Wang JL, Wang YL. Role of RhoA/MERK1/ERK1/2/iNOS signaling in ocular ischemic syndrome. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2016; 254:2217-2226. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-016-3456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
13
|
Protective Effect of the Total Flavonoids from Rosa laevigata Michx Fruit on Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21070952. [PMID: 27455216 PMCID: PMC6272996 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21070952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). Our previous studies have shown that the total flavonoids (TFs) from Rosa laevigata Michx fruit has various activities, however, there were no papers reporting the role of the TFs against renal IRI. In the present work, a hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model in NRK-52E cells and ischemia-reperfusion model in rats were used. The results showed that the TFs significantly attenuated cell injury and markedly decreased serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in rats. Further investigation revealed that the TFs markedly decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), up-regulated the levels of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (Sirt1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), down-regulated the levels of Kelch like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) and the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κBp65 (NF-κBp65), and decreased the mRNA levels of interleukine-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, inhibiting Sirt1 by siRNA showed that the role of the natural product in protecting renal IRI was significantly attenuated, suggesting that the effect of the extract against renal IRI depended on Sirt1. Taken together, the TFs has significantly nephroprotective effect against IRI by affecting Sirt1/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway, which should be developed as a new therapeutic agent or food additives to treat acute kidney injury in the future.
Collapse
|
14
|
Figueroa H, Cifuentes J, Lozano M, Alvarado C, Cabezas C, Eixarch E, Fernández E, Contreras L, Illanes SE, Hernández-Andrade E, Gratacós E, Irarrazabal CE. Nitric oxide synthase and changes in oxidative stress levels in embryonic kidney observed in a rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. Prenat Diagn 2016; 36:628-35. [PMID: 27109011 DOI: 10.1002/pd.4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed to study the effect of uteroplacental circulation restriction on endothelial kidney damage in a fetal rabbit model. METHODS New Zealand rabbits were subjected to 40% to 50% of uteroplacental artery ligation at day 25 of pregnancy. After 5 days, surviving fetuses were harvested by cesarean section. The gene and protein expressions of selected enzymes associated with nitric oxide production and oxidative stress were analyzed in fetal kidney homogenates. RESULTS The placenta weight (6.06 ± 0.27, p < 0.0319) and fetal body (19.90 ± 1.03, p < 0.0001) were significantly reduced in the uteroplacental circulation restriction group. The kidneys from restricted fetuses presented a mild vascular congestion and glomerular capillary congestion, without inflammation or hypertrophy. We found endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation inhibition (0.23 ± 0.13, p < 0.012) and arginase-2 (0.29 ± 0.14, p < 0.023) protein induction in fetal kidneys of the circulation restriction group. Finally, the kidneys from circulation-restricted fetuses showed increased inducible nitric oxide synthase messenger RNA (mRNA) (2.68 ± 0.24, p < 0.01) and reduced heme oxygenase-1 mRNA (23 ± 1.3, p < 0.003), with increased reactive oxygen species (1.69 ± 0.09, p < 0.001) and nitrotyrosine protein (1.74 ± 0.28, p < 0.003) levels, without changes in Nox mRNA. CONCLUSION We describe significant deregulation of vascular activity and oxidative damage in kidneys of fetal rabbits that have been exposed to restriction of the uterine circulation. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Figueroa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio Lozano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristobal Alvarado
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Claudia Cabezas
- Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Elisenda Eixarch
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ellio Fernández
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Contreras
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sebastian E Illanes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgar Hernández-Andrade
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduard Gratacós
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Institut Clínic de Ginecologia, Obstetricia i Neonatologia, and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos E Irarrazabal
- Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Sun Y, Ding G, Huang S, Zhang A, Jia Z. Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex-1 Prevents the Downregulation of NKCC2 and ENaCα in Obstructive Kidney Disease. Sci Rep 2015. [PMID: 26207612 PMCID: PMC4513566 DOI: 10.1038/srep12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureteral obstruction with subsequent hydronephrosis is a common clinical complication. Downregulation of renal sodium transporters in obstructed kidneys could contribute to impaired urinary concentrating capability and salt waste following the release of a ureteral obstruction. The current study was undertaken to investigate the role of mitochondrial complex-1 inhibition in modulating sodium transporters in obstructive kidney disease. Following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) for 7 days, a global reduction of sodium transporters, including NHE3, α-Na-K-ATPase, NCC, NKCC2, p-NKCC2, ENaCα, and ENaCγ, was observed, as determined via qRT-PCR and/or Western blotting. Interestingly, inhibition of mitochondrial complex-1 by rotenone markedly reversed the downregulation of NKCC2, p-NKCC2, and ENaCα. In contrast, other sodium transporters were not affected by rotenone. To study the potential mechanisms involved in mediating the effects of rotenone on sodium transporters, we examined a number of known sodium modulators, including PGE2, ET1, Ang II, natriuretic peptides (ANP, BNP, and CNP), and nitric oxide synthases (iNOS, nNOS, and eNOS). Importantly, among these modulators, only BNP and iNOS were significantly reduced by rotenone treatment. Collectively, these findings demonstrated a substantial role of mitochondrial dysfunction in mediating the downregulation of NKCC2 and ENaCα in obstructive kidney disease, possibly via iNOS-derived nitric oxide and BNP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Sun
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Songming Huang
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- 1] Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China [2] Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China [3] Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Children Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Costa DS, Martino T, Magalhães FC, Justo G, Coelho MG, Barcellos JC, Moura VB, Costa PR, Sabino KC, Dias AG. Synthesis of N-methylarylnitrones derived from alkyloxybenzaldehydes and antineoplastic effect on human cancer cell lines. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:2053-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
17
|
Lushchak VI. Free radicals, reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress and its classification. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 224:164-75. [PMID: 25452175 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 884] [Impact Index Per Article: 88.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) initially considered as only damaging agents in living organisms further were found to play positive roles also. This paper describes ROS homeostasis, principles of their investigation and technical approaches to investigate ROS-related processes. Especial attention is paid to complications related to experimental documentation of these processes, their diversity, spatiotemporal distribution, relationships with physiological state of the organisms. Imbalance between ROS generation and elimination in favor of the first with certain consequences for cell physiology has been called "oxidative stress". Although almost 30years passed since the first definition of oxidative stress was introduced by Helmut Sies, to date we have no accepted classification of oxidative stress. In order to fill up this gape here classification of oxidative stress based on its intensity is proposed. Due to that oxidative stress may be classified as basal oxidative stress (BOS), low intensity oxidative stress (LOS), intermediate intensity oxidative stress (IOS), and high intensity oxidative stress (HOS). Another classification of potential interest may differentiate three categories such as mild oxidative stress (MOS), temperate oxidative stress (TOS), and finally severe (strong) oxidative stress (SOS). Perspective directions of investigations in the field include development of sophisticated classification of oxidative stresses, accurate identification of cellular ROS targets and their arranged responses to ROS influence, real in situ functions and operation of so-called "antioxidants", intracellular spatiotemporal distribution and effects of ROS, deciphering of molecular mechanisms responsible for cellular response to ROS attacks, and ROS involvement in realization of normal cellular functions in cellular homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Precarpathian National University named after Vassyl Stefanyk, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk 76025, Ukraine.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hackenhaar FS, Fumagalli F, Li Volti G, Sorrenti V, Russo I, Staszewsky L, Masson S, Latini R, Ristagno G. Relationship between post-cardiac arrest myocardial oxidative stress and myocardial dysfunction in the rat. J Biomed Sci 2014; 21:70. [PMID: 25134966 PMCID: PMC4237821 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-014-0070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reperfusion after resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) is an event that increases reactive oxygen species production leading to oxidative stress. More specifically, myocardial oxidative stress may play a role in the severity of post-CA myocardial dysfunction. This study investigated the relationship between myocardial oxidative stress and post-CA myocardial injury and dysfunction in a rat model of CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Ventricular fibrillation was induced in 26 rats and was untreated for 6 min. CPR, including mechanical chest compression, ventilation, and epinephrine, was then initiated and continued for additional 6 min prior to defibrillations. Resuscitated animals were sacrificed at two h (n = 9), 4 h (n = 6) and 72 h (n = 8) following resuscitation, and plasma collected for assessment of: high sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), as marker of myocardial injury; isoprostanes (IsoP), as marker of lipid peroxidation; and 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), as marker of DNA oxidative damage. Hearts were also harvested for measurement of tissue IsoP and 8-OHG. Myocardial function was assessed by echocardiography at the corresponding time points. Additional 8 rats were not subjected to CA and served as baseline controls. Results Compared to baseline, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was reduced at 2 and 4 h following resuscitation (p < 0.01), while it was similar at 72 h. Inversely, plasma hs-cTnT increased, compared to baseline, at 2 and 4 h post-CA (p < 0.01), and then recovered at 72 h. Similarly, plasma and myocardial tissue IsoP and 8-OHG levels increased at 2 and 4 h post-resuscitation (p < 0.01 vs. baseline), while returned to baseline 72 h later. Myocardial IsoP were directly related to hs-cTnT levels (r = 0.760, p < 0.01) and inversely related to LVEF (r = -0.770, p < 0.01). Myocardial 8-OHG were also directly related to hs-cTnT levels (r = 0.409, p < 0.05) and inversely related to LVEF (r = -0.548, p < 0.01). Conclusions The present study provides evidence that lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidative damage in myocardial tissue are closely related to myocardial injury and LV dysfunction during the initial hours following CA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Ristagno
- IRCCS - Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri", Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|