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Wang Y, Bai M, Wang X, Peng Z, Cai C, Xi J, Yan C, Luo J, Li X. Gastrodin: a comprehensive pharmacological review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:3781-3802. [PMID: 38165423 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02920-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Tianma is the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), which is frequently utilized in clinical practice as a traditional Chinese medicine. Gastrodin (GAS) is the main active ingredient of Tianma, which has good pharmacological activity. Therefore, for the first time, this review focused on the extraction, synthesis, pharmacological effects, and derivatives of GAS and to investigate additional development options for GAS. The use of microorganisms to create GAS is a promising method. GAS has good efficacy in the treatment of neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine diseases, and liver diseases. GAS has significant anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, vascular protective, blood sugar lowering, lipid-regulating, analgesic, anticancer, and antiviral effects. The mechanism involves various signaling pathways such as Nrf2, NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and AMPK. In addition, the derivatives of GAS and biomaterials synthesized by GAS and PU suggested a broader application of GAS. The research on GAS is thoroughly summarized in this paper, which has useful applications for tackling a variety of disorders and exhibits good development value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Mengting Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Zhaolei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunyan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingjing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chunmei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Ma C, Zhu C, Zhang Y, Yu M, Song Y, Chong Y, Yang Y, Zhu C, Jiang Y, Wang C, Cheng S, Jia K, Yu G, Li J, Tang Z. Gastrodin alleviates NTG-induced migraine-like pain via inhibiting succinate/HIF-1α/TRPM2 signaling pathway in trigeminal ganglion. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155266. [PMID: 38241917 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence highlights the involvement of metabolic disorder and calcium influx mediated by transient receptor potential channels in migraine; however, the relationship between these factors in the pathophysiology of migraine remains unknown. Gastrodin is the major component of the traditional Chinese medicine Tianma, which is extensively used in migraine therapy. PURPOSE Our work aimed to explore the analgesic action of gastrodin and its regulatory mechanisms from a metabolic perspective. METHODS/RESULTS After being treated with gastrodin, the mice were given nitroglycerin (NTG) to induce migraine. Gastrodin treatment significantly raised the threshold of sensitivity in response to both mechanical and thermal stimulus evidenced by von Frey and hot plate tests, respectively, and decreased total contact numbers in orofacial operant behavioral assessment. We found that the expression of transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel was increased in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) of NTG-induced mice, resulting in a sustained Ca2+ influx to trigger migraine pain. The content of succinate, a metabolic biomarker, was elevated in blood samples of migraineurs, as well as in the serum and TG tissue from NTG-induced migraine mice. Calcium imaging assay indicated that succinate insult elevated TRPM2-mediated calcium flux signal in TG neurons. Mechanistically, accumulated succinate upregulated hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression and promoted its translocation into nucleus, where HIF-1α enhanced TRPM2 expression through transcriptional induction in TG neurons, evidenced by luciferase reporter measurement. Gastrodin treatment inhibited TRPM2 expression and TRPM2-dependent Ca2+ influx by attenuating succinate accumulation and downstream HIF-1α signaling, and thereby exhibited analgesic effect. CONCLUSION This work revealed that succinate was a critical metabolic signaling molecule and the key mediator of migraine pain through triggering TRPM2-mediated calcium overload. Gastrodin alleviated NTG-induced migraine-like pain via inhibiting succinate/HIF-1α/TRPM2 signaling pathway in TG neurons. These findings uncovered the anti-migraine effect of gastrodin and its regulatory mechanisms from a metabolic perspective and provided a novel theoretical basis for the analgesic action of gastrodin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ma
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chunran Zhu
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yajun Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Mei Yu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yulong Chong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Yan Yang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Chan Zhu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yucui Jiang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Changming Wang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Shuo Cheng
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Keke Jia
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Guang Yu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 138 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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Zhou HB, Lu SZ, Yu ZS, Zhang JL, Mei ZN. Mechanisms for the biological activity of Gastrodia elata Blume and its constituents: A comprehensive review on sedative-hypnotic, and antidepressant properties. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155251. [PMID: 38056151 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia and depressive disorder are two common symptoms with a reciprocal causal relationship in clinical practice, which are usually manifested in comorbid form. Several medications have been widely used in the treatment of insomnia and depression, but most of these drugs show non-negligible side effects. Currently, many treatments are indicated for insomnia and depressive symptom, including Chinese herbal medicine such as Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), which has excellent sedative-hypnotic and antidepressant effects in clinical and animal studies. PURPOSE To summarize the mechanisms of insomnia and depression and the structure-activity mechanism for G. elata to alleviate these symptoms, particularly by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and intestinal flora, aiming to discover new approaches for the treatment of insomnia and depression. METHODS The following electronic databases were searched from the beginning to November 2023: PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Wanfang Database, and CNKI. The following keywords of G. elata were used truncated with other relevant topic terms, such as depression, insomnia, antidepressant, sedative-hypnotic, neuroprotection, application, safety, and toxicity. RESULTS Natural compounds derived from G. elata could alleviate insomnia and depressive disorder, which is involved in monoamine neurotransmitters, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and gut microbes, etc. Several clinical trials showed that G. elata-derived natural compounds that treat depression and insomnia have significant and safe therapeutic effects, but further well-designed clinical and toxicological studies are needed. CONCLUSION G. elata exerts a critical role in treating depression and insomnia due to its multi-targeting properties and fewer side effects. However, more clinical and toxicological studies should be performed to further explore the sedative-hypnotic and antidepressant mechanisms of G. elata and provide more evidence and recommendations for its clinical application. Our review provides an overview of G. elata treating insomnia with depression for future research direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Bo Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Sheng-Ze Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Zhong-Shun Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China
| | - Jiu-Liang Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430070, China; Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhi-Nan Mei
- College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Liu S, Liu H, Li J, Wang Y. Building deep learning and traditional chemometric models based on Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy: Identification of wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:6249-6259. [PMID: 37823161 PMCID: PMC10563693 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify wild and cultivated Gastrodia elata quickly and accurately, this study is the first to apply three-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (3DCOS) images combined with deep learning models to the identification of G. elata. The spectral data used for model building do not require any preprocessing, and the spectral data are converted into three-dimensional spectral images for model building. For large sample studies, the time cost is minimized. In addition, a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model and a support vector machine (SVM) model are built for comparison with the deep learning model. The overall effect of the deep learning model is significantly better than that of the traditional chemometric models. The results show that the model achieves 100% accuracy in the training set, test set, and external validation set of the model built after 46 iterations without preprocessing the original spectral data. The sensitivity, specificity, and the effectiveness of the model are all 1. The results concluded that the deep learning model is more effective than the traditional chemometric model and has greater potential for application in the identification of wild and cultivated G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
- Medicinal Plants Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunmingChina
| | - Honggao Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic BiologyZhaotong UniversityZhaotongChina
| | - Jieqing Li
- College of Agronomy and BiotechnologyYunnan Agricultural UniversityKunmingChina
| | - Yuanzhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research InstituteYunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunmingChina
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Xiao G, Tang R, Yang N, Chen Y. Review on pharmacological effects of gastrodin. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:744-770. [PMID: 37749449 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01463-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine that is mainly used to treat diseases related to the nervous system, such as stroke, epilepsy, and headache. Gastrodin is the main bioactive component of Gastrodia elata Blume, and studies have shown that it has extensive pharmacological activity. This narrative review aims to systematically review relevant studies on the pharmacological effects of gastrodin to provide researchers with the latest and most useful information. Studies have shown that gastrodin has prominent neuroprotective effects and can treat or improve epilepsy, Tourette syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, emotional disorders, cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, cognitive impairment, and neuropathic pain. Gastrodin can also improve myocardial hypertrophy, hypertension, and myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, gastrodin can mitigate liver, kidney, and bone tissue damage caused by oxidative stress and inflammation. In short, gastrodin is expected to treat many diseases, and it is worth investing more effort in research on this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China.
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Wang Y, Shahid MQ. Insights into the nutritional properties and molecular basis of biosynthesis of amino acids and vitamins of Gastrodia elata offered by metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1183139. [PMID: 37434605 PMCID: PMC10331839 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1183139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume (GE), a traditional and precious Chinese medicinal material, has been approved as a functional food. However, understanding GE's nutritional properties and its molecular basis remains limited. Here, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed on young and mature tubers of G. elata.f.elata (GEEy and GEEm) and G. elata.f.glauca (GEGy and GEGm). A total of 345 metabolites were detected, including 76 different amino acids and their derivatives containing all human essential amino acids (e.g., l-(+)-lysine, l-leucine), 13 vitamins (e.g., nicotinamide, thiamine), and 34 alkaloids (e.g., spermine, choline). GEGm has higher amino acid accumulation than GEEy, GEEm and GEGy, and vitamin contents were also slightly different in all four samples. Implying that GE, especially GEGm, is a kind of excellent complementary food as amino acid nutrition provider. From assembled 21,513 transcripts (genes) based on the transcriptome, we identified many genes that encode enzymes (e.g., pfkA, bglX, tyrAa, lysA, his B, aroA), which are responsible for the biosynthesis of amino acids and enzymes (e.g., nadA, URH1, NAPRT1, punA, rsgA) that related to vitamins metabolism. A total of 16 pairs of the differentially expressed genes (DEG) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAM) (e.g., gene-tia006709 coding GAPDH and l-(+)-arginine, and gene-tia010180 coding tyrA and l-(+)-arginine) and three DEG-DAM pairs (e.g., gene-tia015379 coding NadA and nicotinate d-ribonucleoside) show significant similar positive or negative correlation based on three, and two comparisons of GEEy vs. GEGy, GEGy vs. GEGm, GEEy vs. GEGy and GEEm vs. GEGm, which involved into amino acid biosynthesis, and nicotinate nicotinamide metabolism, respectively. These results prove that the enzyme coded by these DEG promotes (positive correlation) or inhibits (negative correlation) the biosynthesis of parallel DAM in GE. Overall, the data and corresponding analysis in this study provide new insights into the nutritional properties of GE and the related molecular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Wang
- School of Health and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili City, Guizhou, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Shahid
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Su Z, Yang Y, Chen S, Tang Z, Xu H. The processing methods, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Gastrodia elata Bl.: A comprehensive review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 314:116467. [PMID: 37187361 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Bl. (GE) is one of the rare Chinese medicinal materials with a long history of medicine and cooking. It consists of a variety of chemical components, including aromatic compounds, organic acids and esters, steroids, saccharides and their glycosides, etc., which has medicinal and edible value, and is widely used in various diseases, such as infantile convulsions, epilepsy, tetanus, headache, dizziness, limb numbness, rheumatism and arthralgia. It is also commonly used in health care products and cosmetics. Thus, its chemical composition and pharmacological activity have attracted more and more attention from the scientific community. AIM In this review, the processing methods, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of GE were comprehensively and systematically summarized, which provides a valuable reference for researchers the rational of GE. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of published literature and classic books from 1958 to 2023 was conducted using online bibliographic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, ACS, Science Direct Database, CNKI and others to identify original research related to GE, its processing methods, active ingredients and pharmacological activities. RESULTS GE is traditionally used to treat infantile convulsion, epilepsy, tetanus, headache, dizziness, limb numbness, rheumatism and arthralgia. To date, more than 435 chemical constituents were identified from GE including 276 chemical constituents, 72 volatile components and 87 synthetic compounds, which are the primary bioactive compounds. In addition, there are other biological components, such as organic acids and esters, steroids and adenosines. These extracts have nervous system and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system activities such as sedative-hypnotic, anticonvulsant, antiepileptic, neuron protection and regeneration, analgesia, antidepressant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, antiplatelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory, etc. CONCLUSION: This review summarizes the processing methods, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and molecular mechanism of GE over the last 66 years, which provides a valuable reference for researchers to understand its research status and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenghu Su
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Yuangui Yang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Shizhong Chen
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China; China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China.
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Wang X, Zhang B, Li X, Liu X, Wang S, Xie Y, Pi J, Yang Z, Li J, Jia Q, Zhang Y. Mechanisms Underlying Gastrodin Alleviating Vincristine-Induced Peripheral Neuropathic Pain. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:744663. [PMID: 34975470 PMCID: PMC8716817 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.744663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin (GAS) is the main bioactive ingredient of Gastrodia, a famous Chinese herbal medicine widely used as an analgesic, but the underlying analgesic mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we first observed the effects of GAS on the vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathic pain by alleviating the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia. Further studies showed that GAS could inhibit the current density of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 channels and accelerate the inactivation process of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 channel, thereby inhibiting the hyperexcitability of neurons. Additionally, GAS could significantly reduce the over-expression of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 on DRG neurons from vincristine-treated rats according to the analysis of Western blot and immunofluorescence results. Moreover, based on the molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation, the binding free energies of the constructed systems were calculated, and the binding sites of GAS on the sodium channels (NaV1.7 and NaV1.8) were preliminarily determined. This study has shown that modulation of NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 sodium channels by GAS contributing to the alleviation of vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathic pain, thus expanding the understanding of complex action of GAS as a neuromodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Boxuan Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xuedong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xingang Liu
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Songsong Wang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuan Xie
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jialing Pi
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yang
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jincan Li
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- Departments of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Research and Evaluation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.,Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Kong F, Buse DC, Geng J, Xu J, Liu H, Ma S. Efficacy and tolerability of oral gastrodin for medication overuse headache (EASTERN): Study protocol for a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1095298. [PMID: 36910863 PMCID: PMC9993247 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1095298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prophylactic medication in clinical detoxification programs for the treatment of medication overuse headache is still debated. Gastrodin, a main bioactive constituent of Rhizoma Gastrodiae, has been applied clinically to treat primary headache for more than 30 years in China due to its potential analgesic and anti-migraine mechanisms. However, clinical evidence supporting its routing use in MOH is insufficient. The present study aims to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of oral gastrodin in medication overuse headache. Methods A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel, placebo-controlled trial will be performed. A target sample size of 186 patients who fulfill the International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd version (ICHD-3) criteria for MOH will be recruited and screened during a baseline screening period of 28 days before being randomly assigned to either the gastrodin or placebo group at a ratio of 1:1. Enrolled patients will be assessed for each 4 weeks during the 12-weeks double-blind phase and followed up at week 24. The primary endpoint is mean change in monthly headache day frequency. Secondary endpoints will be the proportion of remitted MOH, change in headache pain intensity, headache impact test (HIT-6) score, 50% responder rate, treatment failure, monthly acute medication intake days, and Short Form 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) score. Tolerability will be assessed by drop-out rates though safety monitoring during treatment. Discussion The findings of the present study may help to provide new evidence on gastrodin as a prophylaxis treatment with both efficacy and high tolerability for the treatment of MOH. Clinical trail registration Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (ChiCTR2200063719), Protocol Version 1.1, May, 09, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanyi Kong
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Dawn C Buse
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jia Geng
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital and Clinical Medical College of Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Hanxiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Puer People's Hospital, Puer, Yunnan, China
| | - Shu Ma
- Department of Neurology, 920th Hospital of Logistics Support Force, People's Liberation Army, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Dulai JS, Smith ESJ, Rahman T. Acid-sensing ion channel 3: An analgesic target. Channels (Austin) 2021; 15:94-127. [PMID: 33258401 PMCID: PMC7801124 DOI: 10.1080/19336950.2020.1852831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channel 3 (ASIC3) belongs to the epithelial sodium channel/degenerin (ENaC/DEG) superfamily. There are 7 different ASIC subunits encoded by 5 different genes. Most ASIC subunits form trimeric ion channels that upon activation by extracellular protons mediate a transient inward current inducing cellular excitability. ASIC subunits exhibit differential tissue expression and biophysical properties, and the ability of subunits to form homo- and heteromeric trimers further increases the complexity of currents measured and their pharmacological properties. ASIC3 is of particular interest, not only because it exhibits high expression in sensory neurones, but also because upon activation it does not fully inactivate: a transient current is followed by a sustained current that persists during a period of extracellular acidity, i.e. ASIC3 can encode prolonged acidosis as a nociceptive signal. Furthermore, certain mediators sensitize ASIC3 enabling smaller proton concentrations to activate it and other mediators can directly activate the channel at neutral pH. Moreover, there is a plethora of evidence using transgenic mouse models and pharmacology, which supports ASIC3 as being a potential target for development of analgesics. This review will focus on current understanding of ASIC3 function to provide an overview of how ASIC3 contributes to physiology and pathophysiology, examining the mechanisms by which it can be modulated, and highlighting gaps in current understanding and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Hsu WH, Huang NK, Shiao YJ, Lu CK, Chao YM, Huang YJ, Yeh CH, Lin YL. Gastrodiae rhizoma attenuates brain aging via promoting neuritogenesis and neurodifferentiation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:153576. [PMID: 33985879 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrodiae Rhizoma (Tianma), the dried tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl. (Orchidaceae), is listed as a top-grade herbal medicine in Shen-nong Ben-ts'ao Jing and has been used for treating headaches, dizziness, vertigo and convulsion. It has a neuroprotective effect and extends the lifespan in mouse models of Huntington's disease and Niemann-Pick type C disease. However, its effect on senescence remains unknown. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the anti-aging effects and the underlying mechanism of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. METHODS D-galactose (D-gal)- and BeSO4-induced cellular senescence and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity were evaluated in SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells. D-gal-induced aging mice were used as an in vivo model. Animal behaviors including nesting and burrowing and Morris water maze were conducted. Neurogenesis in the hippocampus was assessed by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy, and the aging-related proteins were assessed by Western blot analysis. The potential neuritogenesis activity of the partially purified fraction of Gastrodiae Rhizoma (TM-2) and its major ingredients were investigated in PC12 cells. RESULTS TM-2 could improve D-gal-induced learning and memory impairement by inhibiting oxidative stress, increasing hippocampal neurogenesis and regulating the SH2B1-Akt pathway. Moreover, N6-(4-hydroxybenzyl)adenine riboside (T1-11) and parishins A and B, three constituents of TM-2, had anti-aging activity, as did T1-11 and parishin A induced neuritogenesis. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that TM-2 slowed down D-gal-induced cellular and mouse brain aging. These results indicate that Gastrodiae Rhizoma has a beneficial effect on senescence. It may be used for neuroprotection and promoting neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hsiang Hsu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Kuei Huang
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Young-Ji Shiao
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; Institute of Biopharmaceutical Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kuang Lu
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ming Chao
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jeng Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsin Yeh
- Taoyuan District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taoyuan 32754, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Lian Lin
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan.
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Yang Y, Li Y, Han J, Wang Y. Gastrodin attenuates lithium-pilocarpine-induced epilepsy by activating AMPK-mediated PPARα in a juvenile rat model. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:798-804. [PMID: 33704382 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastrodin has shown the potential as an anticonvulsant. Epilepsy is a neurological disease with significant effects in children. In the current study, the therapeutic potential of gastrodin in handling pediatric epilepsy was explored by focusing on the AMPK/PPARα pathway. Three-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to lithium-pilocarpine method to induce epileptic symptoms and then administrated with gastrodin. The effects of gastrodin on rats were first assessed using electroencephalogram (EEG) recording, Racine classification, Morris water maze test, and histological staining. The levels of BDNF and NGF, and the activity of AMPK/PPARα were measured. Based on the results of EEG, behavior analyses, and histological staining, epileptic symptoms were significantly alleviated by gastrodin. Moreover, the administration of gastrodin also suppressed the levels of BDNF and NGF, and activated the AMPK/PPARα pathway. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that gastrodin contributed to the alleviation of pediatric epilepsy by activating AMPK/PPARα signaling transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yabin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jinli Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yanfen Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Osmakov DI, Khasanov TA, Andreev YA, Lyukmanova EN, Kozlov SA. Animal, Herb, and Microbial Toxins for Structural and Pharmacological Study of Acid-Sensing Ion Channels. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:991. [PMID: 32733241 PMCID: PMC7360831 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are of the most sensitive molecular sensors of extracellular pH change in mammals. Six isoforms of these channels are widely represented in membranes of neuronal and non-neuronal cells, where these molecules are involved in different important regulatory functions, such as synaptic plasticity, learning, memory, and nociception, as well as in various pathological states. Structural and functional studies of both wild-type and mutant ASICs are essential for human care and medicine for the efficient treatment of socially significant diseases and ensure a comfortable standard of life. Ligands of ASICs serve as indispensable tools for these studies. Such bioactive compounds can be synthesized artificially. However, to date, the search for such molecules has been most effective amongst natural sources, such as animal venoms or plants and microbial extracts. In this review, we provide a detailed and comprehensive structural and functional description of natural compounds acting on ASICs, as well as the latest information on structural aspects of their interaction with the channels. Many of the examples provided in the review demonstrate the undoubted fundamental and practical successes of using natural toxins. Without toxins, it would not be possible to obtain data on the mechanisms of ASICs' functioning, provide detailed study of their pharmacological properties, or assess the contribution of the channels to development of different pathologies. The selectivity to different isoforms and variety in the channel modulation mode allow for the appraisal of prospective candidates for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry I. Osmakov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur A. Khasanov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yaroslav A. Andreev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N. Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Kozlov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
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Hernández C, Konno K, Salceda E, Vega R, Zaharenko AJ, Soto E. Sa12b Peptide from Solitary Wasp Inhibits ASIC Currents in Rat Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11100585. [PMID: 31658776 PMCID: PMC6832649 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we evaluate the effect of two peptides Sa12b (EDVDHVFLRF) and Sh5b (DVDHVFLRF-NH2) on Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASIC). These peptides were purified from the venom of solitary wasps Sphex argentatus argentatus and Isodontia harmandi, respectively. Voltage clamp recordings of ASIC currents were performed in whole cell configuration in primary culture of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons from (P7-P10) CII Long-Evans rats. The peptides were applied by preincubation for 25 s (20 s in pH 7.4 solution and 5 s in pH 6.1 solution) or by co-application (5 s in pH 6.1 solution). Sa12b inhibits ASIC current with an IC50 of 81 nM, in a concentration-dependent manner when preincubation application was used. While Sh5b did not show consistent results having both excitatory and inhibitory effects on the maximum ASIC currents, its complex effect suggests that it presents a selective action on some ASIC subunits. Despite the similarity in their sequences, the action of these peptides differs significantly. Sa12b is the first discovered wasp peptide with a significant ASIC inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Hernández
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
| | - Katsuhiro Konno
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Emilio Salceda
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
| | - Rosario Vega
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
| | | | - Enrique Soto
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla 72570, Mexico.
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Structure Characterization and Action Mechanism of an Antiaging New Compound from Gastrodia elata Blume. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:5459862. [PMID: 31198492 PMCID: PMC6526511 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5459862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A new compound, bis(4-hydroxybenzyl)ether mono-β-L-galactopyranoside (1), was isolated from the rhizome of Gastrodia elata Blume. Its structure was elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR, HR-ESI-TOF-MS, and chemical derivatization. Compound 1 extended the replicative lifespan of K6001 and the chronological lifespan of YOM36 yeast strains. To understand the mechanism of action, oxidative stress assessment, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, catalase (CAT) and total glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity assays, and replicative lifespan assay of sod1, sod2, uth1, and skn7 yeast mutant strains were performed. Results indicated the significant increase in the survival rate of yeast under oxidative stress after treatment with 1. ROS and MDA levels were reduced significantly. Meanwhile, the activity of CAT and GPx was significantly increased. The lifespan of sod1, sod2, uth1, and skn7 mutants of K6001 was not affected by 1. Furthermore, we investigated the gene expression related to longevity after administrating 1. The significant increase of Sir2 and reduction of Uth1 gene expression in the 1-treated group were observed. These results indicated that antioxidative stress played an important role in the antiaging effect of 1; Sir2 and Uth1 genes were involved in antiaging effects of 1.
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Gastrodin Suppresses Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures Progression by Modulating Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:904-917. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2496-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Zhu H, Ding J, Wu J, Liu T, Liang J, Tang Q, Jiao M. Resveratrol attenuates bone cancer pain through regulating the expression levels of ASIC3 and activating cell autophagy. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:1008-1014. [PMID: 29036449 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone cancer pain (BCP) is one of the most common pains in patients with malignant cancers. The mechanism underlying BCP is largely unknown. Our previous studies and the increasing evidence both have shown that acid-sensing ion channels 3 (ASIC3) is an important protein in the pathological pain state in some pain models. We hypothesized that the expression change of ASIC3 might be one of the factors related to BCP. In this study, we established the BCP model through intrathecally injecting rat mammary gland carcinoma cells (MRMT-1) into the left tibia of Sprague-Dawley female rats, and found that the BCP rats showed bone destruction, increased mechanical pain sensitivities and up-regulated ASIC3 protein expression levels in L4-L6 dorsal root ganglion. Then, resveratrol, which was intraperitoneally injected into the BCP rats on post-operative Day 21, dose-dependently increased the paw withdrawal threshold of BCP rats, reversed the pain behavior, and had an antinociceptive effect on BCP rats. In ASIC3-transfected SH-SY5Y cells, the ASIC3 protein expression levels were regulated by resveratrol in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Meanwhile, resveratrol also had an antinociceptive effect in ASIC3-mediated pain rat model. Furthermore, resveratrol also enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK, SIRT1, and LC3-II levels in ASIC3-transfected SH-SY5Y cells, indicating that resveratrol could activate the AMPK-SIRT1-autophagy signal pathway in ASIC3-transfected SH-SY5Y cells. In BCP rats, SIRT1 and LC3-II were also down-regulated. These findings provide new evidence for the use of resveratrol as a therapeutic treatment during BCP states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Zhu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jieqiong Ding
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qiong Tang
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ming Jiao
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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Acid-Sensing Ion Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Neurodegeneration and Neuroinflammation. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3728096. [PMID: 29056828 PMCID: PMC5625748 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3728096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are a family of proton-sensing channels that are voltage insensitive, cation selective (mostly permeable to Na+), and nonspecifically blocked by amiloride. Derived from 5 genes (ACCN1-5), 7 subunits have been identified, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 3, 4, and 5, that are widely expressed in the peripheral and central nervous system as well as other tissues. Over the years, different studies have shown that activation of these channels is linked to various physiological and pathological processes, such as memory, learning, fear, anxiety, ischemia, and multiple sclerosis to name a few, so their potential as therapeutic targets is increasing. This review focuses on recent advances that have helped us to better understand the role played by ASICs in different pathologies related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory processes, and pain.
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Analytical Techniques and Pharmacokinetics of Gastrodia elata Blume and Its Constituents. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22071137. [PMID: 28698450 PMCID: PMC6152015 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22071137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), commonly called Tianma in Chinese, is an important and notable traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has been used in China as an anticonvulsant, analgesic, sedative, anti-asthma, anti-immune drug since ancient times. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the abundant efforts of scientists in developing analytical techniques and performing pharmacokinetic studies of G. elata and its constituents, including sample pretreatment methods, analytical techniques, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) and influence factors to its pharmacokinetics. Based on the reported pharmacokinetic property data of G. elata and its constituents, it is hoped that more studies will focus on the development of rapid and sensitive analytical techniques, discovering new therapeutic uses and understanding the specific in vivo mechanisms of action of G. elata and its constituents from the pharmacokinetic viewpoint in the near future. The present review discusses analytical techniques and pharmacokinetics of G. elata and its constituents reported from 1985 onwards.
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Rash LD. Acid-Sensing Ion Channel Pharmacology, Past, Present, and Future …. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2017; 79:35-66. [PMID: 28528673 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
pH is one of the most strictly controlled parameters in mammalian physiology. An extracellular pH of ~7.4 is crucial for normal physiological processes, and perturbations to this have profound effects on cell function. Acidic microenvironments occur in many physiological and pathological conditions, including inflammation, bone remodeling, ischemia, trauma, and intense synaptic activity. Cells exposed to these conditions respond in different ways, from tumor cells that thrive to neurons that are either suppressed or hyperactivated, often fatally. Acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) are primary pH sensors in mammals and are expressed widely in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. There are six main subtypes of ASICs in rodents that can form homo- or heteromeric channels resulting in many potential combinations. ASICs are present and activated under all of the conditions mentioned earlier, suggesting that they play an important role in how cells respond to acidosis. Compared to many other ion channel families, ASICs were relatively recently discovered-1997-and there is a substantial lack of potent, subtype-selective ligands that can be used to elucidate their structural and functional properties. In this chapter I cover the history of ASIC channel pharmacology, which began before the proteins were even identified, and describe the current arsenal of tools available, their limitations, and take a glance into the future to predict from where new tools are likely to emerge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan D Rash
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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Chen L, Liu X, Wang H, Qu M. Gastrodin Attenuates Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Seizures by Modulating the Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Associated Inflammatory Responses in Mice. Neurosci Bull 2016; 33:264-272. [PMID: 27909971 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-016-0084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrodin, the major component isolated from the rhizome of the Chinese traditional medicinal herb Gastrodia elata ("Tianma"), has a long history in the treatment of epilepsy and other neurological disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we found that gastrodin ameliorated pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced epileptic seizures with improvement of the electroencephalographic pattern in mice. Further studies demonstrated that gastrodin decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α while increasing interleukin-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine in the brain. Furthermore, gastrodin attenuated the PTZ-induced microglial activation along with inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinases, cAMP response element binding protein, and NF-κB. Our data suggest that gastrodin attenuates seizures by modulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase-associated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Chen
- Neurology Department, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China
| | - Xinan Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Hua Wang
- Neurology Department, The First People's Hospital of Jingzhou, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434000, China.
| | - Min Qu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430079, China.
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Gastrodin protects against chronic inflammatory pain by inhibiting spinal synaptic potentiation. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37251. [PMID: 27853254 PMCID: PMC5112517 DOI: 10.1038/srep37251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue injury is known to produce inflammation and pain. Synaptic potentiation between peripheral nociceptors and spinal lamina I neurons has been proposed to serve as a trigger for chronic inflammatory pain. Gastrodin is a main bioactive constituent of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine Gastrodia elata Blume, which has been widely used as an analgesic since ancient times. However, its underlying cellular mechanisms have remained elusive. The present study demonstrated for the first time that gastrodin exhibits an analgesic effect at the spinal level on spontaneous pain, mechanical and thermal pain hypersensitivity induced by peripheral inflammation, which is not dependent on opioid receptors and without tolerance. This analgesia by gastrodin is at least in part mediated by depressing spinal synaptic potentiation via blockade of acid-sensing ion channels. Further studies with miniature EPSCs and paired-pulse ratio analysis revealed the presynaptic origin of the action of gastrodin, which involves a decrease in transmitter release probability. In contrast, neither basal nociception nor basal synaptic transmission was altered. This study revealed a dramatic analgesic action of gastrodin on inflammatory pain and uncovered a novel spinal mechanism that could underlie the analgesia by gastrodin, pointing the way to a new analgesic for treating chronic inflammatory pain.
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Matias M, Silvestre S, Falcão A, Alves G. Gastrodia elata and epilepsy: Rationale and therapeutic potential. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1511-1526. [PMID: 27765372 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata) is a traditional Chinese herb used for centuries in folk medicine. Due to the claimed anticonvulsant properties of G. elata, it is expected that this herb continues to be a target of research, aiming to deepen the available knowledge on its biological activity and safety. PURPOSE The current review aims to discuss the most recent advances on the elucidation of the phytochemical composition and anticonvulsant potential of G. elata. METHODS Available literature was reviewed from PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge and Science Direct, using combinations of the following keywords: Gastrodia elata, tianma, epilepsy, anticonvulsant and pharmacokinetics. Abstracts and full texts were evaluated for their clarity and scientific merit. RESULTS G. elata rhizome, as well as specific phenolic compounds isolated from this herb, have demonstrated anticonvulsant potential in a variety of in vitro and in vivo models. The pharmacological mechanisms potentially involved in the anticonvulsant activity have been extensively studied, being similar to the known mechanisms claimed for the available antiepileptic drugs. In addition, the pharmacokinetics of the main bioactive component of G. elata (gastrodin) has also been studied. CONCLUSION Due to its recognised therapeutic properties, G. elata has gained an increasing interest within the scientific community and, therefore, new medicinal preparations containing G. elata rhizome itself or its bioactive components are expected to be developed in the coming years. Moreover, specific phytochemical constituents isolated from G. elata may also be considered to integrate programs of discovery and development of new anticonvulsant drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Matias
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Samuel Silvestre
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Falcão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gilberto Alves
- CICS-UBI - Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, Rua Marquês d'Ávila e Bolama, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Parishin from Gastrodia elata Extends the Lifespan of Yeast via Regulation of Sir2/Uth1/TOR Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4074690. [PMID: 27429709 PMCID: PMC4939362 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4074690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Parishin is a phenolic glucoside isolated from Gastrodia elata, which is an important traditional Chinese medicine; this glucoside significantly extended the replicative lifespan of K6001 yeast at 3, 10, and 30 μM. To clarify its mechanism of action, assessment of oxidative stress resistance, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays, replicative lifespans of sod1, sod2, uth1, and skn7 yeast mutants, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) analysis were conducted. The significant increase of cell survival rate in oxidative stress condition was observed in parishin-treated groups. Silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) gene expression and SOD activity were significantly increased after treating parishin in normal condition. Meanwhile, the levels of ROS and MDA in yeast were significantly decreased. The replicative lifespans of sod1, sod2, uth1, and skn7 mutants of K6001 yeast were not affected by parishin. We also found that parishin could decrease the gene expression of TORC1, ribosomal protein S26A (RPS26A), and ribosomal protein L9A (RPL9A) in the target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway. Gene expression levels of RPS26A and RPL9A in uth1, as well as in uth1, sir2 double mutants, were significantly lower than those of the control group. Besides, TORC1 gene expression in uth1 mutant of K6001 yeast was inhibited significantly. These results suggested that parishin exhibited antiaging effects via regulation of Sir2/Uth1/TOR signaling pathway.
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Osmakov DI, Koshelev SG, Belozerova OA, Kublitski VS, Andreev YA, Grishin EV, Kozlov SA. [The Biological Activity of the Sevanol and Its Analogues]. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2016; 41:606-11. [PMID: 26762099 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162015050106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Previously, from the plant Thymus armeniacus a new lignan sevanol was isolated, it's structure was elucidated and was shown that it effectively inhibits the acid-sensing channel ASIC3 and also exhibits a pronounced analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect. In this work biological activity of the sevanol analog obtained by chemical synthesis from simple precursors, the stereoisomer of sevanol and a precursor molecule represents a half of sevanol was measured in electrophysiological experiments on human ASIC3 channels expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Measured inhibitory activity of a synthetic analogue coincided with the activity ofthe natural molecule. Stereoisomer showed inhibitory activity drop by about a third part, and the precursor molecule showed much less significant activity. In result the significance of functional groups and a spatial configuration of sevanol in order to biological activity was shown that is important to take into account for the optimal synthesis design as well as for new drugs development on its base.
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Tang C, Wang L, Liu X, Cheng M, Qu Y, Xiao H. Comparative pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rats after intragastric administration of free gastrodin, parishin and Gastrodia elata extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 176:49-54. [PMID: 26471288 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gastrodia elata Blume, a traditional Chinese herb, was widely used against convulsant, vertigo, paralysis, epilepsy, tetanus, asthma and immune dysfunctions. Gastrodin is one of the major bioactive components of G. elata and it is known for its anticonvulsive, anti-inflammatory, antiepileptic and neuroprotective effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS An ultra high performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (UHPLC-FLD) method was developed to determine gastrodin in rat plasma. Gastrodin and Thiamphenicol (internal standard, IS) were extracted from rat plasma by immediately protein precipitation. The pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in rats by following differently administered types was studies: intragastric administration of gastrodin (100mg/kg), parishin (116 mg/kg, with the same mole of gastrodin moiety) and G. elata extract (2.3g/kg, with the same mole of gastrodin moiety). Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic profiles were constructed using the software of WinNonlin (Phoenix, version 6.3), and the pharmacokinetic parameters were compared using unpaired Student's t-test. RESULTS The results showed that the pharmacokinetic parameters, including Cmax, Tmax, AUC0-∞, t1/2, MRT, Vd, CL, were quite different among the three types of gastrodin administration. The administration of parishin and G. elata extract, which either could convert to gastrodin in vivo or contained free gastrodin and abundant gastrodin conjugates, gave rise to higher elimination half-life (t1/2) and mean residence time (MRT) values for gastrodin compared to free gastrodin administered. CONCLUSION The comparison of the pharmacokinetics of gastrodin among three different administered types of gastrodin in rats suggested that administration of parishin or G. elata extract in clinic may result in a longer duration time of action than that of the administration of free gastrodin. The results may provide some guidance for the clinical applications of parishin and G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Mengchun Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hongbin Xiao
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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Pharmacokinetic study of Gastrodia elata in rats. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:8903-10. [PMID: 26416021 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-9054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacokinetics of parishin, gastrodin, Gastrodia elata extract and Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule was investigated by intragastric and/or intravenous administration to rats. Parishin was metabolized into nine metabolites after intravenous administration, and the area under the curve (AUC0-∞) of parishin and its metabolites (except parishin G and parishin E) increased nonlinearly from 72.5 to 220 mg/kg. When combining regression equation with the AUC0-∞ and dose of gastrodin injection, the percent conversion of parishin to gastrodin was obtained as 50 %. Based on multi-active metabolites of parishin in vivo, integrated pharmacokinetic mode was established. It is notable that each metabolite from parishin shares the similar metabolic process at three dosages of parishin and the bioavailability of parishin was approximately 14 %. The integrated pharmacokinetic mode was successfully applied to evaluate the holistic pharmacokinetics of gastrodin injection, G. elata extract and Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule. The results showed that the holistic pharmacokinetics of gastrodin injection and G. elata extract was closed to that of gastrodin, but for parishin and Rhizoma Gastrodiae capsule, integrated pharmacokinetic parameters were more suitable to evaluate its holistic pharmacokinetics. Graphical abstract Pharmacokinetic study of Gastrodia elata in rats.
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Baron A, Lingueglia E. Pharmacology of acid-sensing ion channels – Physiological and therapeutical perspectives. Neuropharmacology 2015; 94:19-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2015.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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