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Lu Y, Gao L, Zhang W, Zeng Y, Hu J, Song K. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester restores mitochondrial homeostasis against peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis through the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2350235. [PMID: 38721924 PMCID: PMC11086008 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2024.2350235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that peritoneal fibrosis induced by peritoneal dialysis (PD) is linked to oxidative stress. However, there are currently no effective interventions for peritoneal fibrosis. In the present study, we explored whether adding caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) to peritoneal dialysis fluid (PDF) improved peritoneal fibrosis caused by PD and explored the molecular mechanism. We established a peritoneal fibrosis model in Sprague-Dawley rats through intraperitoneal injection of PDF and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Rats in the PD group showed increased peritoneal thickness, submesothelial collagen deposition, and the expression of TGFβ1 and α-SMA. Adding CAPE to PDF significantly inhibited PD-induced submesothelial thickening, reduced TGFβ1 and α-SMA expression, alleviated peritoneal fibrosis, and improved the peritoneal ultrafiltration function. In vitro, peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) treated with PDF showed inhibition of the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), decreased ATP synthesis, and induction of mesothelial-mesenchymal transition (MMT). CAPE activated the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, reducing mitochondrial ROS generation, and maintaining ATP synthesis. However, the beneficial effects of CAPE were counteracted by an AMPK inhibitor and siSIRT1. Our results suggest that CAPE maintains mitochondrial homeostasis by upregulating the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway, which alleviates oxidative stress and MMT, thereby mitigating the damage to the peritoneal structure and function caused by PD. These findings suggest that adding CAPE to PDF may prevent and treat peritoneal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Luyan Gao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zibo City Hospital Combined of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zibo, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ji Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Song
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Freitas M, Ribeiro D, Janela JS, Varela CL, Costa SC, da Silva ET, Fernandes E, Roleira FMF. Plant-derived and dietary phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives: Anti-inflammatory properties. Food Chem 2024; 459:140080. [PMID: 38986205 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Cinnamic acids are aromatic acids primarily found in plants and plant-derived food. Phenolic cinnamic acids, with one or more hydroxyl groups in the aromatic ring, often contribute to the biological activities attributed to these compounds. The presence of hydroxyl groups and a carboxyl group makes cinnamic acids very hydrophilic, preventing them from crossing biological membranes and exerting their biological activities. To alleviate this condition, a panel of synthetic modifications have been made leading to a diverse set of phenolic cinnamic structures. In this review, an overview of the natural phenolic cinnamic acid derivatives and their plant sources (more than 200) is described. The synthetic approaches to obtain the referred derivatives (more than 200) namely esters and amides are reviewed. Further, their anti-inflammatory activity (more than 70 compounds) is scrutinized. Finally, future directions will be indicated to translate the research on phenolic cinnamic derivatives into potentially effective anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa Freitas
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente da Universidade dos Açores, Portugal.
| | - João S Janela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Carla L Varela
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Clinic Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal; Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Saul C Costa
- Univ Coimbra, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elisiário Tavares da Silva
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Fernanda M F Roleira
- Univ Coimbra, CERES, Faculty of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo III - Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Baptista F, Paié-Ribeiro J, Almeida M, Barros AN. Exploring the Role of Phenolic Compounds in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2024; 29:2576. [PMID: 38893451 PMCID: PMC11173950 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a formidable global health concern, affecting one in six adults over 25. This review explores the potential of phenolic compounds in managing CKD and its complications. By examining the existing research, we highlight their diverse biological activities and potential to combat CKD-related issues. We analyze the nutritional benefits, bioavailability, and safety profile of these compounds. While the clinical evidence is promising, preclinical studies offer valuable insights into underlying mechanisms, optimal dosages, and potential side effects. Further research is crucial to validate the therapeutic efficacy of phenolic compounds for CKD. We advocate for continued exploration of their innovative applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals. This review aims to catalyze the scientific community's efforts to leverage phenolic compounds against CKD-related challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Baptista
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Jessica Paié-Ribeiro
- CECAV—Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.-R.); (M.A.)
| | - Mariana Almeida
- CECAV—Animal and Veterinary Research Centre, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal; (J.P.-R.); (M.A.)
| | - Ana Novo Barros
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences, CITAB, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
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de Oliveira AS, Convento MB, Razvickas CV, Castino B, Leme AM, da Silva Luiz R, da Silva WH, da Glória MA, Guirão TP, Bondan E, Schor N, Borges FT. The Nephroprotective Effects of the Allogeneic Transplantation with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Were Potentiated by ω3 Stimulating Up-Regulation of the PPAR-γ. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1484. [PMID: 37895955 PMCID: PMC10610511 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) obtained from bone marrow are a promising tool for regenerative medicine, including kidney diseases. A step forward in MSCs studies is cellular conditioning through specific minerals and vitamins. The Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3) are essential in regulating MSCs self-renewal, cell cycle, and survival. The ω3 could act as a ligand for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). This study aimed to demonstrate that ω3 supplementation in rats could lead to the up-regulation of PPAR-γ in the MSCs. The next step was to compare the effects of these MSCs through allogeneic transplantation in rats subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Independent of ω3 supplementation in the diet of the rats, the MSCs in vitro conserved differentiation capability and phenotypic characteristics. Nevertheless, MSCs obtained from the rats supplemented with ω3 stimulated an increase in the expression of PPAR-γ. After allogeneic transplantation in rats subjected to UUO, the ω3 supplementation in the rats enhanced some nephroprotective effects of the MSCs through a higher expression of antioxidant enzyme (SOD-1), anti-inflammatory marker (IL-10), and lower expression of the inflammatory marker (IL-6), and proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Silva de Oliveira
- Translational Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil;
| | - Márcia Bastos Convento
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Clara Versolato Razvickas
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Bianca Castino
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
| | - Ala Moana Leme
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Rafael da Silva Luiz
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Wesley Henrique da Silva
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Maria Aparecida da Glória
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Tatiana Pinotti Guirão
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Eduardo Bondan
- Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Paulista University, São Paulo 04026-002, Brazil;
| | - Nestor Schor
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
| | - Fernanda Teixeira Borges
- Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo 04038-901, Brazil; (M.B.C.); (C.V.R.); (A.M.L.); (R.d.S.L.); (W.H.d.S.); (M.A.d.G.); (T.P.G.); (N.S.)
- Interdisciplinary Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo 01506-000, Brazil;
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N-Octyl Caffeamide, a Caffeic Acid Amide Derivative, Prevents Progression of Diabetes and Hepatic Steatosis in High-Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168948. [PMID: 36012215 PMCID: PMC9409300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The underlying pathological mechanisms of diabetes are complicated and varied in diabetic patients, which may lead to the current medications often failing to maintain glycemic control in the long term. Thus, the discovery of diverse new compounds for developing medicines to treat diabetes and its complications are urgently needed. Polyphenols are metabolites of plants and have been employed in the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a category of compounds structurally similar to polyphenols. In this study, we aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity and potential molecular mechanisms of a novel synthetic CAPE derivative N-octyl caffeamide (36M) using high-fat (HF) diet induced obese mouse models. Our results demonstrate that 36M prevented the progression of diabetes in the HF diet fed obese mice via increasing phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and inhibiting expression of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). We also found that 36M could prevent hepatic lipid storage in the HF diet fed mice via inhibition of fatty acid synthase and lipid droplet proteins, including perilipins and Fsp27. In conclusion, 36M is a potential candidate compound that can be developed as AMPK inhibitor and PTP1B inhibitor for treating diabetes and hepatic steatosis.
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Xie HX, Wang YH, Zhang JH, Zhang J, Zhong YN, Ge YX, Cheng ZQ, Jiang CS, Meng N. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of marine phidianidine-inspired derivatives against oxidized ldl-induced endothelial injury by activating Nrf2 anti-oxidation pathway. Bioorg Chem 2022; 120:105606. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Caffeic Acid, One of the Major Phenolic Acids of the Medicinal Plant Antirhea borbonica, Reduces Renal Tubulointerstitial Fibrosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9040358. [PMID: 33808509 PMCID: PMC8065974 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9040358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The renal fibrotic process is characterized by a chronic inflammatory state and oxidative stress. Antirhea borbonica (A. borbonica) is a French medicinal plant found in Reunion Island and known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities mostly related to its high polyphenols content. We investigated whether oral administration of polyphenol-rich extract from A. borbonica could exert in vivo a curative anti-renal fibrosis effect. To this aim, three days after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), mice were daily orally treated either with a non-toxic dose of polyphenol-rich extract from A. borbonica or with caffeic acid (CA) for 5 days. The polyphenol-rich extract from A. borbonica, as well as CA, the predominant phenolic acid of this medicinal plant, exerted a nephroprotective effect through the reduction in the three phases of the fibrotic process: (i) macrophage infiltration, (ii) myofibroblast appearance and (iii) extracellular matrix accumulation. These effects were associated with the mRNA down-regulation of Tgf-β, Tnf-α, Mcp1 and NfkB, as well as the upregulation of Nrf2. Importantly, we observed an increased antioxidant enzyme activity for GPX and Cu/ZnSOD. Last but not least, desorption electrospray ionization-high resolution/mass spectrometry (DESI-HR/MS) imaging allowed us to visualize, for the first time, CA in the kidney tissue. The present study demonstrates that polyphenol-rich extract from A. borbonica significantly improves, in a curative way, renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis progression in the UUO mouse model.
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Wang Z, Chen Z, Li B, Zhang B, Du Y, Liu Y, He Y, Chen X. Curcumin attenuates renal interstitial fibrosis of obstructive nephropathy by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-кB and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:828-837. [PMID: 32866059 PMCID: PMC7470153 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1809462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is characterized by the accumulation of inflammatory cytokines and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Curcumin exerts antifibrogenic, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects. OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanisms underlying the effects of curcumin on RIF. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were intragastrically administered curcumin (50 mg/kg/day) for 14 days after undergoing unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) operations. Renal function (blood urea nitrogen [BUN] and serum creatinine [Scr]) and inflammatory cytokine levels were tested using colorimetric assays and ELISA, respectively. EMT markers were evaluated through immunohistochemistry, western blotting and qPCR. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1; 10 ng/mL) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS; 100 ng/mL) were used to stimulate EMT and an inflammatory response in human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells, respectively, for further investigation. RESULTS In vivo, curcumin significantly improved the levels of BUN and Scr by 28.7% and 21.3%, respectively. Moreover, curcumin reduced the levels of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α by 22.5%, 30.3% and 26.7%, respectively, and suppressed vimentin expression in UUO mice. In vitro, curcumin reduced the expression of vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. In LPS-induced HK-2 cells, curcumin decreased the release of IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α by 43.4%, 38.1% and 28.3%, respectively. In addition, curcumin reduced the expression of TLR4, p-PI3K, p-AKT, p-NF- κB and p-IκBα in both LPS- and TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Curcumin repressed EMT and the inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB and PI3K/AKT pathways, demonstrating its potential utility in RIF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Zhi Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bingsheng Li
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yongchao Du
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yuhang Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- CONTACT Yao He
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
- Xiang Chen Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, PR China
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Xie YH, Xiao Y, Huang Q, Hu XF, Gong ZC, Du J. Role of the CTRP6/AMPK pathway in kidney fibrosis through the promotion of fatty acid oxidation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 892:173755. [PMID: 33245899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
CTRP6, a newly identified adiponectin analogue, has been shown to be involved in inflammation, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, increasing evidence has shown that CTRP6 plays a critical role in fibrotic diseases, such as myocardial fibrosis and skin fibrosis. FAO, an important energy source for kidney proximal tubular cells, also participates in the process of fibrosis. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the effect of CTRP6 on mediating FAO in kidney fibrosis and the underlying associated mechanism. Firstly, the activity of CTRP6 and the key enzymes of FAO (CPT1A, ACOX1) were tested in vivo and vitro. Next, the regulatory effect of CTRP6/AMPK on FAO was accessed in animal models and in cell lines. Additionally, we explored the effect of exogenous recombinant CTRP6 on renal tubular epithelial cell differentiation. Decreased CTRP6 and p-AMPK were detected in UUO-induced kidney fibrosis and in TGF-β1-treated HK-2 cells. We also observed that defective FAO occurred during kidney fibrosis. Moreover, the human CTRP6 peptide could inhibit the ECM deposition and promote the phosphorylation of AMPK by promoting FAO. However, the inhibitory effects of CTRP6 on TGF-β1-induced ECM deposition and the protective effects of CTRP6 on FAO could be abolished by compound C, a selective inhibitor of AMPK. Compound C also reversed the CTRP6-mediated upregulation of p-AMPK. The mediation of FAO by CTRP6 plays a key role in kidney fibrosis by regulating TGF-β1-induced renal tubular epithelial cell differentiation by promoting FAO, which is mediated via AMPK activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China
| | - Qiong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Zhi-Cheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Jie Du
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, PR China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (XIANGYA), Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
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Gu L, Hong F, Fan K, Zhao L, Zhang C, Yu B, Chai C. Integrated Network Pharmacology Analysis and Pharmacological Evaluation to Explore the Active Components and Mechanism of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. on Renal Fibrosis. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2020; 14:4053-4067. [PMID: 33061308 PMCID: PMC7535141 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s264898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Renal fibrosis is a common pathological outcome of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) that is considered as a global public health issue with high morbidity and mortality. The dry corolla of Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. (AMC) has been used for chronic nephritis in clinic and showed a superior effect in alleviating proteinuria in CKD patients to losartan. However, the effective components and underlying mechanism of AMC in the treatment of renal fibrosis have not been systematically clarified. Methods Based on drug-likeness evaluation, oral bioavailability prediction and compound contents, a systematic network pharmacology analysis was conducted to predict the active ingredients. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis and protein–protein interaction analysis were applied to predict the potential pathway and target of AMC against renal fibrosis. The formula of component contribution index (CI) based on the algorithm was used to screen the principal active compounds of AMC in the treatment of renal fibrosis. Finally, pharmacological evaluation was conducted to validate the protective effect and primary predicted mechanism of AMC in the treatment of renal fibrosis on a 5/6 nephrectomy mice model. Results Fourteen potential active components of AMC possessing favorable pharmacokinetic profiles and biological activities were selected and hit by 17 targets closely related to renal fibrosis. Quercetin, caffeic acid, 9.12-octadecadienoic acid, and myricetin are recognized as the more highly predictive components as their cumulative contribution rate reached 85.86%. The AMC administration on 5/6 nephrectomy mice showed a protective effect on kidney function and renal fibrosis. The hub genes analysis revealed that AMC plays a major role in inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition during renal fibrosis. Conclusion Our results predicted active components and potential targets of AMC for the application to renal fibrosis from a holistic perspective, as well as provided valuable direction for further research of AMC and improved comprehension of renal fibrosis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifei Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaikai Fan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunlei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Boyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China.,Research Center for Traceability and Standardization of TCMs, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengzhi Chai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, People's Republic of China
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Gu LF, Ge HT, Zhao L, Wang YJ, Zhang F, Tang HT, Cao ZY, Yu BY, Chai CZ. Huangkui Capsule Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis in a Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Mouse Model Through TRPC6 Dependent Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:996. [PMID: 32719603 PMCID: PMC7350529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is the final common pathological manifestation of almost all progressive chronic kidney diseases (CKD). Transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels, especially TRPC3/6, were proposed to be essential therapeutic targets for kidney injury. Huangkui capsule (HKC), an important adjuvant therapy for CKD, showed superior efficacy for CKD at stages 1–2 in clinical practice. However, its anti-fibrotic effect and the underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of HKC on renal fibrosis in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and explored the potential underlying mechanism. Administration of HKC by intragastric gavage dose-dependently suppressed UUO-induced kidney injury and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Similarly, HKC suppressed the expression level of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), increased the expression of E-cadherin, and suppressed the mRNA expression of a plethora of proinflammatory mediators that are necessary for the progression of renal fibrosis. Mechanistically, HKC suppressed both canonical and non-canonical TGF-β signaling pathways in UUO mice as well as the TRPC6/calcineurin A (CnA)/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling axis. In addition, TRPC6 knockout mice and HKC treated wild type mice displayed comparable protection on UUO-triggered kidney tubulointerstitial injury, interstitial fibrosis, and α-SMA expression. More importantly, HKC had no additional protective effect on UUO-triggered kidney tubulointerstitial injury and interstitial fibrosis in TRPC6 knockout mouse. Further investigation demonstrated that HKC could directly suppress TRPC3/6 channel activities. Considered together, these data demonstrated that the protective effect of HKC on renal injury and interstitial fibrosis is dependent on TRPC6, possibly through direct inhibition of TRPC6 channel activity and indirect suppression of TRPC6 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fei Gu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Ge
- Institute of Huanghui, Jiangsu Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hai-Tao Tang
- Institute of Huanghui, Jiangsu Suzhong Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Taizhou, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Cao
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo-Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Chai
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for TCM Evaluation and Translational Research, School of Traditional Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Wu X, Liu M, Wei G, Guan Y, Duan J, Xi M, Wang J. Renal protection of rhein against 5/6 nephrectomied-induced chronic kidney disease: role of SIRT3-FOXO3α signalling pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 72:699-708. [PMID: 32196681 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to investigate the antifibrosis and anti-oxidation of rhein in vivo and in vitro, and to evaluate potential mechanisms involved in the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS In experimental animal studies, CKD was established by 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6Nx). Serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were determined. Histopathologic tests were performed by HE and Masson trichrome stained. The level of ROS was investigated by fluorescence microplate with the probe 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA). The protein expressions of p47phox and gp91phox were measured in 5/6Nx rats. In HK-2 cells, the expression of SIRT3 and Foxo3α was measured in SIRT3 knockdown conditions. The indicators of oxidation and fibrosisi were measured in SIRT3 knockdown conditions. KEY FINDINGS The results showed that, in addition to reducing renal interstitial pathologic injury and collagen fibrils, rhein administration improved renal function. The protective mechanisms were attributed to active SIRT3/FOXO3α signalling pathway and then play the anti-oxidative capacity of rhein, as well as to subsequent antifibrotic effect. CONCLUSION Taken together, rhein protected kidney through SIRT3/FOXO3a involvement. The anti-oxidative capacity of rhein contributed to the protective effects including the subsequent antifibrotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Meiyou Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yue Guan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jialin Duan
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Xi
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Wang D, Zhu J, Xu JR, Ji DD. Synthesis of N-hydroxycinnamoyl amide derivatives and evaluation of their anti-oxidative and anti-tyrosinase activities. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:114918. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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14
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Li S, Wang Y, Chen L, Wang Z, Liu G, Zuo B, Liu C, Sun D. Beraprost sodium mitigates renal interstitial fibrosis through repairing renal microvessels. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:777-791. [PMID: 30923844 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-019-01769-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Beraprost sodium (BPS), as a prostacyclin analog, plays a significant role in various diseases based on its antiplatelet and vasodilation functions. However, its regulation and role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) still remain elusive. Here, we determined whether BPS could alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis, and improve the renal function and its therapeutic mechanism. In vitro, BPS increased angiogenesis in the HUVECs incubated with BPS detected by tube formation assay and repair damaged endothelial cell-cell junctions induced by hypoxia. In vivo, mice were randomly assigned to a sham-operation group (sham), a unilateral ureteral obstruction group (UUO), and a BPS intragastrical administration group (BPS), and sacrificed at days 3 and 7 post-surgery (six in each group). In UUO model, tissue hypoxia, renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrotic lesions were detected by q-PCR and Western blot techniques and peritubular capillaries (PTCs) injury was detected by a novel technique of fluorescent microangiography (FMA) and analyzed by MATLAB software. Meanwhile, we identified cells undergoing endothelial cell-to-myofibroblast transition by the coexpression of endothelial cell (CD31) and myofibroblast (a-SMA) markers in the obstructed kidney. In contrast, BPS protected against interstitial fibrosis and substantially reduced the number of endothelial cell-to-myofibroblast transition cells. In conclusion, our data indicate the potent therapeutic of BPS in mitigating fibrosis through repairing renal microvessels and suppressing endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) progression after inhibiting inflammatory and oxidative stress effects. KEY MESSAGES: BPS could improve renal recovery through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative pathways. BPS could mitigate fibrosis through repairing renal microvessels and suppressing endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanping Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Bangjie Zuo
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China. .,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, 99 West Huai-hai Road, Xuzhou, 221002, Jiangsu, China.
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15
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Lee YL, Hsu LH, Kuo YH, Lee CC. Caffeic amide derivatives inhibit allergen-induced bone marrow-derived dendritic cell maturation. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:194-200. [PMID: 30785056 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caffeic amides are derivatives of caffeic acid, which have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, and high in vivo stability. The therapeutic effect of caffeic amides on allergic diseases, and especially on the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BM-DCs), remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of caffeic amides on allergic diseases by evaluating the maturation of DCs and evaluated their potential in inducing the differentiation of TH2 cells. METHODS BM-DCs isolated from BALB/c mice were treated with different caffeic amide derivatives for 48 h and the expression of surface markers was analyzed by flow cytometry. The differentiation of CD4+ T cells was detected by the 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay and cytokine production was analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS Our results showed that among the six caffeic amides tested herein, only 36 M significantly inhibited the antigen-induced maturation of DCs associated with the expression of CD80, CD86, and major histocompatibility complex II (VC ovalbumin (OVA)+ thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) vs. 36 M OVA + TSLP). Additionally, the isolation and co-culture of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells with 36 M-treated BM-DCs suppressed the antigen-specific differentiation of TH2 cells. CONCLUSION Among the six caffeic amides tested herein, 36 M (N-octyl caffeamide) might possess therapeutic potential for allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Lun Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Heng Hsu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chen-Chen Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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16
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Li S, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Wang J, Liu C, Sun D. Transplantation of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells Preconditioned with Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Alleviates Renal Fibrosis. Cell Transplant 2018; 28:65-78. [PMID: 30497277 PMCID: PMC6322139 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718815850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFSCs), which exhibit both embryonic and mesenchymal stem cell characteristics, have been shown to mitigate the degree of renal interstitial fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to determine whether transplantation of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)–modified AFSCs is more useful than transplantation of unmodified AFSCs for the treatment of renal interstitial fibrosis. Mice were randomly assigned to a sham-operation group (sham), a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO)-saline solution group (UUO), an AFSC transplantation group (AFSC) and a GDNF-modified AFSC transplantation group (GDNF-AFSC) and sacrificed at days 3 and 7 post-surgery (six in each group). We showed that GDNF-AFSCs noticeably suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation; additionally, GDNF-AFSCs positively regulated peritubular capillaries (PTCs), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein levels. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that mitochondrial injury induced by the UUO model was significantly ameliorated after the mice were treated with GDNF-AFSCs. Therefore, we determined that GDNF gene promotes the abilities of AFSCs to inhibit inflammatory and oxidative stress effects, repair renal microvessels, relieve tissue hypoxia and mitochondrial damage, and, ultimately, alleviate renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Li
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhuojun Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jia Wang
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Dong Sun
- 1 Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,2 Department of Internal Medicine and Diagnostics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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17
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Development of a biodegradable antifibrotic local drug delivery system for glaucoma microstents. Biosci Rep 2018; 38:BSR20180628. [PMID: 30061178 PMCID: PMC6117617 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20180628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To prevent implant failure due to fibrosis is a major objective in glaucoma research. The present study investigated the antifibrotic effects of paclitaxel (PTX), caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), and pirfenidone (PFD) coated microstent test specimens in a rat model. Test specimens based on a biodegradable blend of poly(4-hydroxybutyrate) biopolymer and atactic poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (at.P(3HB)) were manufactured, equipped with local drug delivery (LDD) coatings, and implanted in the subcutaneous white fat depot. Postoperatively, test specimens were explanted and analyzed for residual drug content. Fat depots including the test specimens were histologically analyzed. In vitro drug release studies revealed an initial burst for LDD devices. In vivo, slow drug release of PTX was found, whereas it already completed 1 week postoperatively for CAPE and PFD LDD devices. Histological examinations revealed a massive cell infiltration in the periphery of the test specimens. Compact fibrotic capsules around the LDD devices were detectable at 4–36 weeks and least pronounced around PFD-coated specimens. Capsules stained positive for extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The presented model offers possibilities to investigate release kinetics and the antifibrotic potential of drugs in vivo as well as the identification of more effective agents for a novel generation of drug-eluting glaucoma microstents.
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18
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Liu M, Zhu Y, Sun Y, Wen Z, Huang S, Ding G, Zhang A, Jia Z, Zhang Y. MnTBAP therapy attenuates the downregulation of sodium transporters in obstructive kidney disease. Oncotarget 2017; 9:394-403. [PMID: 29416622 PMCID: PMC5787475 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ureteral obstruction is associated with reduced expressions of renal sodium transporters, which contributes to impaired urinary concentrating capacity. In this study, we employed a synthetic mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) mimic MnTBAP to investigate the role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in modulating the sodium transporters in obstructive kidney disease. Following unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) for 7 days, a global reduction of sodium transporters including NHE3, NCC, NKCC2, and ENaCα was observed as determined by qRT-PCR, Western Blotting or immunohistochemistry. Among these sodium transporters, the downregulation of NHE3, NCC, and NKCC2 was partially reversed by MnTBAP treatment. In contrast, the reduction of ENaCα was not affected by MnTBAP. The β and γ subunits of ENaC were not significantly altered by ureteral obstruction or MnTBAP therapy. To further confirm the anti-oxidant effect of MnTBAP, we examined the levels of TBARs in the urine collected from the obstructed ureters of UUO mice and bladder of sham mice. As expected, the increment of urinary TBARs in UUO mice was entirely abolished by MnTBAP therapy, indicating an amelioration of oxidative stress. Meantime, we found that three types of SOD were all reduced in obstructed kidneys determined by qRT-PCR, which was unaffected by MnTBAP. Collectively, these results demonstrated an important role of mitochondrial oxidative stress in mediating the downregulation of sodium transporters in obstructive kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Liu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Cardiology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhu
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhaoying Wen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guixia Ding
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Wang X, Li D, Fan L, Xiao Q, Zuo H, Li Z. CAPE- pNO 2 ameliorated diabetic nephropathy through regulating the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Oncotarget 2017; 8:114506-114525. [PMID: 29383098 PMCID: PMC5777710 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most severe complications of diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to determine the effects and potential mechanism of caffeic acid para-nitro phenethyl ester (CAPE-pNO2), a derivative of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), on DN; In vivo, intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (STZ) were used to induce diabetes in mice; then, the mice were intraperitoneally injected daily with CAPE or CAPE-pNO2 for 8 weeks. The mice were sacrificed, and blood samples and kidney tissues were collected to measure biological indexes. The results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could lower serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, 24-h albumin excretion, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase levels and increase superoxide dismutase activity in diabetic mice. According to HE, PAS and Masson staining, these two compounds ameliorated structural changes and fibrosis in the kidneys. In addition, the immunohistochemical and western blot results showed that CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited inflammation through the Akt/NF-κB pathway and prevented renal fibrosis through the TGF-β/Smad pathway. In vitro, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 inhibited glomerular mesangial cell (GMC) proliferation, arrested cell cycle progression and suppressed ROS generation. These compounds also inhibited ECM accumulation via regulating the TGF-β1, which was a similar effect to that of the NF-κB inhibitor PDTC. More importantly, CAPE and CAPE-pNO2 could up-regulate nitric oxide synthase expression in STZ-induced diabetic mice and HG-induced GMCs. CAPE-pNO2 had stronger effects than CAPE both in vivo and in vitro. These data suggest that CAPE-pNO2 ameliorated DN by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis via the Akt/NF-κB/ iNOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Dejuan Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Lu Fan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Qianhan Xiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Hua Zuo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Zhubo Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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20
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Liang H, Xu F, Wen XJ, Liu HZ, Wang HB, Zhong JY, Yang CX, Zhang B. Interleukin-33 signaling contributes to renal fibrosis following ischemia reperfusion. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:18-27. [PMID: 28668506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury caused by ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major risk factor for chronic kidney disease, which is characterized by renal interstitial fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying renal fibrosis induced by IRI are not fully understood. Our results showed that interleukin (IL)-33 was induced markedly after IRI insult, and the kidneys of mice following IRI plus IL-33 treatment presented more severe renal fibrosis compared with mice treated with IRI alone. Therefore, we investigated whether inhibition of IL-33 protects against IRI-induced renal fibrosis. Mice were administrated with soluble ST2 (sST2), a decoy receptor that neutralizes IL-33 activity, or vehicle by intraperitoneal injection for 14 days after IRI challenge. We revealed that mice treated with sST2 exhibited less severe renal dysfunction and fibrosis in response to IRI compared with vehicle-treated mice. Inhibition of IL-33 suppressed bone marrow-derived fibroblast accumulation and myofibroblast formation in the kidneys after IRI stress, which was associated with less expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Furthermore, inhibition of IL-33 also showed a significant reduction of F4/80+ macrophages and CD3+ T cells in the kidneys of mice after IRI treatment. Finally, Treatment with IL-33 inhibitor reduced proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in the kidneys of mice following IRI insult. Taken together, our findings indicate that IL-33 signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of IRI-induced renal fibrosis through regulating myeloid fibroblast accumulation, inflammation cell infiltration, and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Xian-Jie Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Han-Bing Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China.
| | - Ji-Ying Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Cheng-Xiang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Foshan Hospital of SUN YAT-SEN University, Foshan 528000, China.
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21
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Han H, Zhu J, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Chen Y, Lu L, Jin W, Yan X, Zhang R. Renal recruitment of B lymphocytes exacerbates tubulointerstitial fibrosis by promoting monocyte mobilization and infiltration after unilateral ureteral obstruction. J Pathol 2017; 241:80-90. [PMID: 27763657 PMCID: PMC6680279 DOI: 10.1002/path.4831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a significant threat to public health globally. Diverse primary aetiologies eventually result in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and immune cells influence this process. The roles of monocytes/macrophages, T cells, and mast cells have been carefully examined, whilst only a few studies have focused on the effect of B cells. We investigated B‐cell function in tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), using genetic B‐cell‐deficient μMT mice or CD20 antibody‐mediated B‐cell‐depleted mice. Obstructed kidneys of μMT and anti‐CD20‐treated mice showed lower levels of monocyte/macrophage infiltration and collagen deposition compared to wild‐type mice. Mechanistically, anti‐CD20 attenuated UUO‐induced alterations of renal tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1) pro‐inflammatory genes, and CC chemokine ligand‐2 (CCL2) essential for monocyte recruitment; B cells were one of the main sources of CCL2 in post‐UUO kidneys. Neutralization of CCL2 reduced monocyte/macrophage influx and fibrotic changes in obstructed kidneys. Therefore, early‐stage accumulation of B cells in the kidney accelerated monocyte/macrophage mobilization and infiltration, aggravating the fibrosis resulting from acutely induced kidney nephropathy. © 2016 The Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Han
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Jinzhou Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zhengbin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yanjia Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Wei Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruiyan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
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Mia MM, Bank RA. The pro-fibrotic properties of transforming growth factor on human fibroblasts are counteracted by caffeic acid by inhibiting myofibroblast formation and collagen synthesis. Cell Tissue Res 2015; 363:775-89. [PMID: 26453399 PMCID: PMC4761014 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2285-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a chronic disorder affecting many organs. A universal process in fibrosis is the formation of myofibroblasts and the subsequent collagen deposition by these cells. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) plays a major role in the formation of myofibroblasts, e.g. by activating fibroblasts. Currently, no treatments are available to circumvent fibrosis. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) shows a broad spectrum of biological activities, including anti-fibrotic properties in vivo in mice and rats. However, little is known about the direct effects of CAPE on fibroblasts. We have tested whether CAPE is able to suppress myofibroblast formation and collagen formation of human dermal and lung fibroblasts exposed to TGFβ1, and found that this was indeed the case. In fact, the formation of myofibroblasts by TGFβ1 and subsequent collagen formation was completely abolished by CAPE. The same was observed for fibronectin and tenascin C. The lack of myofibroblast formation is likely due to the suppression of GLI1 and GLI2 expression by CAPE because of diminished nuclear SMAD2/3 levels. Post-treatment with CAPE after myofibroblast formation even resulted in a partial reversal of myofibroblasts into fibroblasts and/or reduction in collagen formation. Major discrepancies were seen between mRNA levels of collagen type I and cells stained positive for collagen, underlining the need for protein data in fibrosis studies to make reliable conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masum M Mia
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Bank
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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