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Xu Z, Li J, Fang S, Lian M, Zhang C, Lu J, Sheng K. Cinobufagin disrupts the stability of lipid rafts by inhibiting the expression of caveolin-1 to promote non-small cell lung cancer cell apoptosis. Arch Med Sci 2024; 20:887-908. [PMID: 39050162 PMCID: PMC11264083 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/174578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The study was designed to explore how cinobufagin (CB) regulates the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells through lipid rafts. Material and methods The effects of CB at gradient concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 µM) on NSCLC cell viability, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, phosphorylation of Akt, and apoptosis- and lipid raft-related protein expression were assessed by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Western blot. Cholesterol and sphingomyelin were labeled with BODIPY to evaluate the effect of CB (2 µM) on them. Sucrose density gradient centrifugation was used to extract lipid rafts. The effect of CB on the expression and distribution of caveolin-1 was determined by immunofluorescence, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot. After overexpression of caveolin-1, the above experiments were performed again to observe whether the regulatory effect of CB was reversed. Results CB inhibited NSCLC cell viability while promoting apoptosis and ROS level. CB redistributed the lipid content on the membrane surface and reduced the content of caveolin-1 in the cell membrane. In addition, CB repressed the activation of AKT. However, caveolin-1 overexpression reversed the effects of CB on apoptosis, AKT activation and lipid raft. Conclusions CB regulates the activity of Akt in lipid rafts by inhibiting caveolin-1 expression to promote NSCLC cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqing Xu
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwei Li
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyu Fang
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingzhu Lian
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Changxiao Zhang
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiahuan Lu
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Department of Gerontology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zhu Z, Wang H, Qian X, Xue M, Sun A, Yin Y, Tang J, Zhang J. Inhibitory Impact Of Cinobufagin In Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis: Involvements Of Macrophage Reprogramming Through Upregulated MME and Inactivated FAK/STAT3 Signaling. Clin Breast Cancer 2024; 24:e244-e257.e1. [PMID: 38378361 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2024.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinobufagin (CBG), a key bioactive component in cinobufacini, exhibits antitumor properties. This study explores CBG's impact on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis and elucidates the underpinning mechanism. METHODS Murine xenograft and orthotopic metastatic TNBC models were generated and treated with CBG. The burden of metastatic tumor in the mouse lung, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, and macrophage polarization markers within the tumors were examined. The phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and mobility of TNBCs in vitro in a macrophage-TNBC cell coculture system were analyzed. Physiological targets of CBG were identified by bioinformatics analyses. RESULTS CBG treatment significantly alleviated lung tumor burden and EMT activity. It triggered an M2-to-M1 shift in TAMs, resulting in decreased TNBC cell migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro. CBG upregulated membrane metalloendopeptidase (MME) expression, suppressing FAK and STAT3 phosphorylation. Silencing of MME, either in mice or TAMs, counteracted CBG effects, reinstating M2 TAM predominance and enhancing TNBC cell metastasis. Cotreatment with Defactinib, a FAK antagonist, reversed M2 TAM polarization and TNBC cell metastasis. Notably, MME silencing in TNBC cells had no impact on CBG-suppressed malignant properties, indicating MME's indirect involvement in TNBC cell behavior through TAM mediation. CONCLUSION This study unveils CBG's ability to enhance MME expression, deactivate FAK/STAT3 signaling, and inhibit TNBC metastasis by suppressing M2-skewed macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Zhu
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hanlu Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an, Huai'an 223300, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xu Qian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Meiling Xue
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Aijun Sun
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yifei Yin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Huai'an 223001, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jinhai Tang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Zuo Q, Xu DQ, Yue SJ, Fu RJ, Tang YP. Chemical Composition, Pharmacological Effects and Clinical Applications of Cinobufacini. Chin J Integr Med 2024; 30:366-378. [PMID: 38212503 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Chinese medicine cinobufacini is an extract from the dried skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor, with active ingredients of bufadienolides and indole alkaloids. With further research and clinical applications, it is found that cinobufacini alone or in combination with other therapeutic methods can play an anti-tumor role by controlling proliferation of tumor cells, promoting apoptosis, inhibiting formation of tumor neovascularization, reversing multidrug resistance, and regulating immune response; it also has the functions of relieving cancer pain and regulating immune function. In this paper, the chemical composition, pharmacological effects, clinical applications, and adverse reactions of cinobufacini are summarized. However, the extraction of monomer components of cinobufacini, the relationship between different mechanisms, and the causes of adverse reactions need to be further studied. Also, high-quality clinical studies should be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Ding-Qiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Shi-Jun Yue
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Rui-Jia Fu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, 712046, China.
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Tichvon C, Zviagin E, Surma Z, Nagorny P. Synthesis of Bufadienolide Cinobufagin via Late-Stage Singlet Oxygen Oxidation/Rearrangement Approach. Org Lett 2024; 26:2445-2450. [PMID: 38488174 PMCID: PMC10980571 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
This manuscript describes a concise synthesis of cinobufagin, a natural steroid of the bufadienolide family, from readily available dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), as well as its α5-epimer derived from 3-epi-andosterone. This synthesis features expedient installation of the 17β-pyrone moiety with the 14β,15β-epoxide and the 16β-acetoxy group using a photochemical regioselective singlet oxygen [4 + 2] cycloaddition followed by CoTPP-promoted in situ endoperoxide rearrangement to provide a 14β,16β-bis-epoxide in 64% yield with a 1.6:1 d.r. This β,β-bis-epoxide intermediate was subsequently subjected to a regioselective scandium(III) trifluoromethanesulfonate catalyzed House-Meinwald rearrangement to establish the 17β-configuration. The synthesis of cinobufagin is achieved in 12 steps (LLS) and 7.6% overall yield, and we demonstrate that it could be used as a platform for the subsequent medicinal chemistry exploration of cinobufagin analogs such as cinobufagin 5α-epimer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin Tichvon
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Eugene Zviagin
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Zoey Surma
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Pavel Nagorny
- Chemistry Department, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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Liu Y, Jiang B, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang L, Yao Y, Zhu B, Shi H, Chai X, Hu X, Zhang B, Li H. Effect of traditional Chinese medicine in osteosarcoma: Cross-interference of signaling pathways and potential therapeutic targets. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e36467. [PMID: 38241548 PMCID: PMC10798715 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) has a high recurrence rate, disability rate, mortality and metastasis, it brings great economic burden and psychological pressure to patients, and then seriously affects the quality of life of patients. At present, the treatment methods of OS mainly include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, surgical therapy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with limb salvage surgery. These treatment methods can relieve the clinical symptoms of patients to a certain extent, and also effectively reduce the disability rate, mortality and recurrence rate of OS patients. However, because metastasis of tumor cells leads to new complications, and OS cells become resistant with prolonged drug intervention, which reduces the sensitivity of OS cells to drugs, these treatments still have some limitations. More and more studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of "multiple targets and multiple pathways," and can play an important role in the development of OS through several key signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, tyrosine kinase/transcription factor 3 (JAK/STAT3), Notch, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad, nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Hippo/YAP, OPG/RANK/RANKL, Hedgehog and so on. In this paper, the signaling pathways of cross-interference between active ingredients of TCM and OS were reviewed, and the development status of novel OS treatment was analyzed. The active ingredients in TCM can provide therapeutic benefits to patients by targeting the activity of signaling pathways. In addition, potential strategies for targeted therapy of OS by using ferroptosis were discussed. We hope to provide a unique insight for the in-depth research and clinical application of TCM in the fields of OS growth, metastasis and chemotherapy resistance by understanding the signaling crosstalk between active ingredients in TCM and OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen Liu
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanqiang Li
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshou Zhang
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yasai Yao
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baohong Zhu
- Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hengwei Shi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiping Chai
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingrong Hu
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bangneng Zhang
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongzhuan Li
- Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
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Dai CL, Zhang RJ, An P, Deng YQ, Rahman K, Zhang H. Cinobufagin: a promising therapeutic agent for cancer. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023; 75:1141-1153. [PMID: 37390473 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cinobufagin is a natural active ingredient isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Venenum Bufonis (Chinese: Chansu), which is the dried secretion of the postauricular gland or skin gland of the Bufo gargarizans Cantor or Bufo melanostictus Schneider. There is increasing evidence indicating that cinobufagin plays an important role in the treatment of cancer. This article is to review and discuss the antitumor pharmacological effects and mechanisms of cinobufagin, along with a description of its toxicity and pharmacokinetics. METHODS The public databases including PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Elsevier were referenced, and 'cinobufagin', 'Chansu', 'Venenum Bufonis', 'anticancer', 'cancer', 'carcinoma', and 'apoptosis' were used as keywords to summarize the comprehensive research and applications of cinobufagin published up to date. KEY FINDINGS Cinobufagin can induce tumour cell apoptosis and cycle arrest, inhibit tumour cell proliferation, migration, invasion and autophagy, reduce angiogenesis and reverse tumour cell multidrug resistance, through triggering DNA damage and activating the mitochondrial pathway and the death receptor pathway. CONCLUSIONS Cinobufagin has the potential to be further developed as a new drug against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Lan Dai
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Run-Jing Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei An
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Qing Deng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei, Anhui, China
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Martins-Neves SR, Sampaio-Ribeiro G, Gomes CMF. Self-Renewal and Pluripotency in Osteosarcoma Stem Cells' Chemoresistance: Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-Catenin Interplay with Embryonic Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098401. [PMID: 37176108 PMCID: PMC10179672 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant bone tumor derived from mesenchymal cells that contains self-renewing cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are responsible for tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. Understanding the signaling pathways that regulate CSC self-renewal and survival is crucial for developing effective therapies. The Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-Catenin developmental pathways, which are essential for self-renewal and differentiation of normal stem cells, have been identified as important regulators of osteosarcoma CSCs and also in the resistance to anticancer therapies. Targeting these pathways and their interactions with embryonic markers and the tumor microenvironment may be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance and improve the prognosis for osteosarcoma patients. This review focuses on the role of Notch, Hedgehog, and Wnt/β-Catenin signaling in regulating CSC self-renewal, pluripotency, and chemoresistance, and their potential as targets for anti-cancer therapies. We also discuss the relevance of embryonic markers, including SOX-2, Oct-4, NANOG, and KLF4, in osteosarcoma CSCs and their association with the aforementioned signaling pathways in overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Martins-Neves
- iCBR-Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gabriela Sampaio-Ribeiro
- iCBR-Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Célia M F Gomes
- iCBR-Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIBB-Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CACC-Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
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Ye Q, Zhou X, Han F, Zheng C. Toad venom-derived bufadienolides and their therapeutic application in prostate cancers: Current status and future directions. Front Chem 2023; 11:1137547. [PMID: 37007051 PMCID: PMC10060886 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1137547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Specially, the high incidence rate and prevalence of drug resistance have rendered prostate cancer (PCa) a great threat to men’s health. Novel modalities with different structures or mechanisms are in urgent need to overcome these two challenges. Traditional Chinese medicine toad venom-derived agents (TVAs) have shown to possess versatile bioactivities in treating certain diseases including PCa. In this work, we attempted to have an overview of bufadienolides, the major bioactive components in TVAs, in the treatment of PCa in the past decade, including their derivatives developed by medicinal chemists to antagonize certain drawbacks of bufadienolides such as innate toxic effect to normal cells. Generally, bufadienolides can effectively induce apoptosis and suppress PCa cells in-vitro and in-vivo, majorly mediated by regulating certain microRNAs/long non-coding RNAs, or by modulating key pro-survival and pro-metastasis players in PCa. Importantly, critical obstacles and challenges using TVAs will be discussed and possible solutions and future perspectives will also be presented in this review. Further in-depth studies are clearly needed to decipher the mechanisms, e.g., targets and pathways, toxic effects and fully reveal their application. The information collected in this work may help evoke more effects in developing bufadienolides as therapeutic agents in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingmei Ye
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province & Affiliated Dermatology Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Fangxuan Han
- Hainan General Hospital & Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Caijuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, China
- *Correspondence: Caijuan Zheng,
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NOTCH Signaling in Osteosarcoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2266-2283. [PMID: 36975516 PMCID: PMC10047431 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery has been promoted for the treatment of osteosarcoma; however, the local recurrence and lung metastasis rates remain high. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new therapeutic targets and strategies that are more effective. The NOTCH pathway is not only involved in normal embryonic development but also plays an important role in the development of cancers. The expression level and signaling functional status of the NOTCH pathway vary in different histological types of cancer as well as in the same type of cancer from different patients, reflecting the distinct roles of the Notch pathway in tumorigenesis. Studies have reported abnormal activation of the NOTCH signaling pathway in most clinical specimens of osteosarcoma, which is closely related to a poor prognosis. Similarly, studies have reported that NOTCH signaling affected the biological behavior of osteosarcoma through various molecular mechanisms. NOTCH-targeted therapy has shown potential for the treatment of osteosarcoma in clinical research. After the introduction of the composition and biological functions of the NOTCH signaling pathway, the review paper discussed the clinical significance of dysfunction in osteosarcoma. Then the paper reviewed the recent relevant research progress made both in the cell lines and in the animal models of osteosarcoma. Finally, the paper explored the potential of the clinical application of NOTCH-targeted therapy for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Wei Z, Zheng D, Pi W, Qiu Y, Xia K, Guo W. Isoquercitrin restrains the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Bone Oncol 2023; 38:100468. [PMID: 36685044 PMCID: PMC9846017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2023.100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, chemotherapeutic drugs are widely used for the treatment of osteosarcoma. However, many of these drugs exhibit shortcomings such as poor efficacy, high toxicity, and tolerance. Isoquercitrin (ISO) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been proved to exert good therapeutic effects on various tumors; however, its role in osteosarcoma has not been reported. Here, we observed that ISO exerted a marked inhibitory effect on the occurrence and development of osteosarcoma in a time- and dose-dependent manner. First, we determined that ISO significantly inhibited proliferation, induced EMT-related migration and invasion and induced apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells in vitro. Concurrently, we also observed that both β-catenin and its downstream genes (c-Myc, CyclinD1, and Survivin) were significantly down-regulated. To verify if the anti-tumor effect of ISO was related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, we altered the protein expression level of β-catenin using recombinant lentivirus, then we observed that the effects of ISO on the proliferation, metastasis, and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells were significantly reversed. Additionally, we used a nude mouse xenograft model and observed that ISO significantly inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma and improved the survival rate of the animal models. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that ISO can exert anti-tumor effects in part by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, thus providing a new potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Wenfeng Pi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese Traditional Medicine of Daye Hospital, Hubei Province, Daye 435100, China
| | - Yonglong Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Kezhou Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China,Corresponding authors at: Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin hospital of Wuhan university, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China.
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Province, Wuhan 430060, China,Corresponding authors at: Department of Orthopaedics, Renmin hospital of Wuhan university, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, China.
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Qin YY, Feng S, Zhang XD, Peng B. Screening of traditional Chinese medicine monomers as ribonucleotide reductase M2 inhibitors for tumor treatment. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:11299-11312. [PMID: 36387821 PMCID: PMC9649558 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is a key enzyme in tumor proliferation, especially its subunit-RRM2. Although there are multiple therapeutics for tumors, they all have certain limitations. Given their advantages, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers have become an important source of anti-tumor drugs. Therefore, screening and analysis of TCM monomers with RRM2 inhibition can provide a reference for further anti-tumor drug development.
AIM To screen and analyze potential anti-tumor TCM monomers with a good binding capacity to RRM2.
METHODS The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis database was used to analyze the level of RRM2 gene expression in normal and tumor tissues as well as RRM2's effect on the overall survival rate of tumor patients. TCM monomers that potentially act on RRM2 were screened via literature mining. Using AutoDock software, the screened monomers were docked with the RRM2 protein.
RESULTS The expression of RRM2 mRNA in multiple tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues, and it was negatively correlated with the overall survival rate of patients with the majority of tumor types. Through literature mining, we discovered that berberine, ursolic acid, gambogic acid, cinobufagin, quercetin, daphnetin, and osalmide have inhibitory effects on RRM2. The results of molecular docking identified that the above TCM monomers have a strong binding capacity with RRM2 protein, which mainly interacted through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic force. The main binding sites were Arg330, Tyr323, Ser263, and Met350.
CONCLUSION RRM2 is an important tumor therapeutic target. The TCM monomers screened have a good binding capacity with the RRM2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ya Qin
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Song Feng
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bin Peng
- School of Basic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
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Ma X, Suo Z, Ma X, Zhan C, Luo G, Song J. Cinobufagin inhibits tumor progression and reduces doxorubicin resistance by enhancing FOXO1-mediated transcription of FCGBP in osteosarcoma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 296:115433. [PMID: 35690338 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cinobufagin (Huachansu), an aqueous extract from the dried skin of the toad Bufo bufo gargarizans Cantor (frog skin), is a biologically active ingredient of a traditional Chinese medicine cinobufacini that can treat multiple bone pathological conditions such as bone pain, bone tumors, and osteosarcoma. AIM OF THE STUDY The study aimed to explore the roles and molecular mechanisms of cinobufagin underlying osteosarcoma development and doxorubicin (ADR) resistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cell viability, migration, and invasion were examined by CCK-8, wound healing, and Transwell invasion assays, respectively. RNA sequencing analysis was performed in MNNG/HOS cells treated with or without cinobufagin. The relationships of cinobufagin, forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and Fc fragment of IgG binding protein (FCGBP) were examined by luciferase reporter, immunofluorescence (IF), RT-qPCR, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays together with weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker levels were examined through the Western blot assay. The function and molecular basis of cinobufagin in osteosarcoma were further investigated by mouse xenograft experiments. RESULTS Cinobufagin reduced cell viability, weakened ADR resistance, and inhibited cell migration/invasion/EMT in osteosarcoma cells. Cinobufagin enhanced FOXO1-mediated transcription of downstream genes including FCGBP. FCGBP knockdown partly abrogated the effect of cinobufagin on osteosarcoma cell development. Cinobufagin inhibited the growth of mouse osteosarcoma xenografts in vivo. Cinobufagin reduced the expression of Ki-67 and MMP9 and facilitated caspase-3 expression in osteosarcoma xenografts. CONCLUSION Cinobufagin suppressed tumor progression and reduced ADR resistance by potentiating FOXO1-mediated transcription of FCGBP in osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucai Ma
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730001, Gansu, PR China
| | - Zhigang Suo
- Department of Spinal Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750004, Ningxia, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730001, Gansu, PR China
| | - Chunrui Zhan
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730001, Gansu, PR China
| | - Guodong Luo
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730001, Gansu, PR China
| | - Jianmin Song
- Department of Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology, Gansu Provincial People's Hospital, Lanzhou, 730001, Gansu, PR China.
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Yuan B, Li J, Miyashita SI, Kikuchi H, Xuan M, Matsuzaki H, Iwata N, Kamiuchi S, Sunaga K, Sakamoto T, Hibino Y, Okazaki M. Enhanced Cytotoxic Effects of Arenite in Combination with Active Bufadienolide Compounds against Human Glioblastoma Cell Line U-87. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196577. [PMID: 36235115 PMCID: PMC9571627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cytotoxicity of a trivalent arsenic derivative (arsenite, AsIII) combined with arenobufagin or gamabufotalin was evaluated in human U-87 glioblastoma cells. Synergistic cytotoxicity with upregulated intracellular arsenic levels was observed, when treated with AsIII combined with arenobufagin instead of gamabufotalin. Apoptosis and the activation of caspase-9/-8/-3 were induced by AsIII and further strengthened by arenobufagin. The magnitude of increase in the activities of caspase-9/-3 was much greater than that of caspase-8, suggesting that the intrinsic pathway played a much more important role in the apoptosis. An increase in the number of necrotic cells, enhanced LDH leakage, and intensified G2/M phase arrest were observed. A remarkable increase in the expression level of γH2AX, a DNA damage marker, was induced by AsIII+arenobufagin. Concomitantly, the activation of autophagy was observed, suggesting that autophagic cell death associated with DNA damage was partially attributed to the cytotoxicity of AsIII+arenobufagin. Suppression of Notch signaling was confirmed in the combined regimen-treated cells, suggesting that inactivation of Jagged1/Notch signaling would probably contribute to the synergistic cytotoxic effect of AsIII+arenobufagin. Given that both AsIII and arenobufagin are capable of penetrating into the blood-brain barrier, our findings may provide fundamental insight into the clinical application of the combined regimen for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yuan
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-49-271-8026
| | - Jingmei Li
- Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shin-Ich Miyashita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 3, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba 305-8563, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hidetomo Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Meiyan Xuan
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Matsuzaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naohiro Iwata
- Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Shinya Kamiuchi
- Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Sunaga
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakamoto
- Laboratory of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Hibino
- Laboratory of Immunobiochemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mari Okazaki
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Keyakidai, Sakado 350-0295, Saitama, Japan
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Jia J, Li J, Zheng Q, Li D. A research update on the antitumor effects of active components of Chinese medicine ChanSu. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1014637. [PMID: 36237327 PMCID: PMC9552564 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1014637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical data show that the incidence and mortality rates of cancer are rising continuously, and cancer has become an ongoing public health challenge worldwide. Excitingly, the extensive clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine may suggest a new direction to combat cancer, and the therapeutic effects of active ingredients from Chinese herbal medicine on cancer are now being widely studied in the medical community. As a traditional anticancer Chinese medicine, ChanSu has been clinically applied since the 1980s and has achieved excellent antitumor efficacy. Meanwhile, the ChanSu active components (e.g., telocinobufagin, bufotalin, bufalin, cinobufotalin, and cinobufagin) exert great antitumor activity in many cancers, such as breast cancer, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Many pharmaceutical scientists have investigated the anticancer mechanisms of ChanSu or the ChanSu active components and obtained certain research progress. This article reviews the research progress and antitumor mechanisms of ChanSu active components and proposes that multiple active components of ChanSu may be potential anticancer drugs.
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15
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Zhu Y, Ouyang Z, Du H, Wang M, Wang J, Sun H, Kong L, Xu Q, Ma H, Sun Y. New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4011-4039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Cinobufagin inhibits proliferation of acute myeloid leukaemia cells by repressing c-Myc pathway-associated genes. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 360:109936. [PMID: 35447139 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cinobufagin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid secreted by the Asiatic toad, Bufo gargarizans. Bufanolides inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase and have similar effects as cardiac glycosides, such as digitoxin or ouabain derived from toxic herbs. Recently, the anti-cancer effects of bufanolides have gained attention, however the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Selecting cinobufagin as a candidate anti-leukaemia agent, we here conducted transcriptomic analyses on the effect of cinobufagin on human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines, HL60 and Kasumi-1. Flow cytometry analysis showed that cinobufagin induced apoptosis in both cell lines. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) of the two cell lines treated with cinobufagin revealed commonly downregulated genes with enrichment in the term "Myc active pathway" according to Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) of genes downregulated by cinobufagin also showed "MYC_TARGETS_V2" with the highest normalised enrichment score (NES) in both cell lines. In contrast, hallmarks such as "TNFA_SIGNALING_VIA_NFKB", "APOPTOSIS", and "TGF_BETA_SIGNALING" were significantly enriched as upregulated gene sets. Epigenetic analysis using chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) confirmed that genes encoding cell death-related signalling molecules were upregulated by gain of H3K27ac, whereas downregulation of c-Myc-related genes was not accompanied by H3K27ac alteration. Cinobufagin is an anti-proliferative natural compound with c-Myc-inhibiting and epigenetic-modulating activity in acute myeloid leukaemia.
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Vanaroj P, Chaijaroenkul W, Na-Bangchang K. Notch signaling in the pathogenesis, progression and identification of potential targets for cholangiocarcinoma (Review). Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:66. [PMID: 35154706 PMCID: PMC8825743 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2022.2499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive type of bile duct cancer that is characterized by a high mortality rate due to its late diagnosis and ineffective treatment. The aim of the present systematic review was to analyze the association between Notch signaling and CCA in terms of its pathogenesis, progression and potential treatment targets. Relevant information was gathered from the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases using the search terms 'cholangiocarcinoma' AND 'Notch signaling'. Of the 90 articles identified, 28 fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. It was concluded that overexpression/upregulation of Notch ligands, such as Jagged1 and Notch receptors (Notch1, Notch2 and Notch3), as well as upregulation of the upstream Notch signaling pathway, promoted CCA development and progression. In addition, downregulation of Notch1 signaling through several possible interventions appears to be a promising strategy for inhibition of CCA development and progression. Therefore, the Notch signaling pathway may be considered as a potential target for CCA control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peeranate Vanaroj
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Wanna Chaijaroenkul
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
| | - Kesara Na-Bangchang
- Graduate Program in Bioclinical Sciences, Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand.,Center of Excellence in Pharmacology and Molecular Biology of Malaria and Cholangiocarcinoma, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, 12120 Thailand
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18
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Dana PM, Sadoughi F, Asemi Z, Yousefi B. Molecular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in osteosarcoma. Curr Med Chem 2022; 29:4436-4444. [PMID: 35139778 DOI: 10.2174/0929867329666220209110009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Among primary bone malignancies, osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common form causing morbidity and mortality in both adults and children. The interesting point about this malignancy is that nearly 10-20% of its newly diagnosed cases have developed metastasis. This adds up to the fact that the survival rate of both metastatic and non-metastatic patients of osteosarcoma hasn't changed in the past 30 years and suggests that we need to revise our therapeutic options for OS. In recent years, diverse signaling pathways have drawn the attention of the scientific community since they can be great candidates for treating complicated diseases such as cancer. In this review, we have tried to explain the pathophysiology of osteosarcoma by the help of different signaling pathways taking part in its initiation/progression and investigate how this pathway can be targeted for providing more efficient methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Maleki Dana
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadoughi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I.R. Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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19
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Chen R, Guan Z, Zhong X, Zhang W, Zhang Y. Network Pharmacology Prediction: The Possible Mechanisms of Cinobufotalin against Osteosarcoma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3197402. [PMID: 35069780 PMCID: PMC8776428 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3197402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the active compounds and targets of cinobufotalin (huachansu) compared with the osteosarcoma genes to obtain the potential therapeutic targets and pharmacological mechanisms of action of cinobufotalin on osteosarcoma through network pharmacology. METHODS The composition of cinobufotalin was searched by literature retrieval, and the target was selected from the CTD and TCMSP databases. The osteosarcoma genes, found from the GeneCards, OMIM, and other databases, were compared with the cinobufotalin targets to obtain potential therapeutic targets. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of potential therapeutic targets, constructed through the STRING database, was inputted into Cytoscape software to calculate the hub genes, using the NetworkAnalyzer. The hub genes were inputted into the Kaplan-Meier Plotter online database for exploring the survival curve. Functional enrichment analysis was identified using the DAVID database. RESULTS 28 main active compounds of cinobufotalin were explored, including bufalin, adenosine, oleic acid, and cinobufagin. 128 potential therapeutic targets on osteosarcoma are confirmed among 184 therapeutic targets form cinobufotalin. The hub genes included TP53, ACTB, AKT1, MYC, CASP3, JUN, TNF, VEGFA, HSP90AA1, and STAT3. Among the hub genes, TP53, ACTB, MYC, TNF, VEGFA, and STAT3 affect the patient survival prognosis of sarcoma. Through function enrichment analysis, it is found that the main mechanisms of cinobufotalin on osteosarcoma include promoting sarcoma apoptosis, regulating the cell cycle, and inhibiting proliferation and differentiation. CONCLUSION The possible mechanisms of cinobufotalin against osteosarcoma are preliminarily predicted through network pharmacology, and further experiments are needed to prove these predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyu Chen
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510000 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyi Guan
- Southern Medical University, 510000 Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianxing Zhong
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510000 Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenzheng Zhang
- Department of Joint Sports Medicine, Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 271000 Taian, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, 271000 Taian, China
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20
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He K, Wang GX, Zhao LN, Cui XF, Su XB, Shi Y, Xie TP, Hou SW, Han ZG. Cinobufagin Is a Selective Anti-Cancer Agent against Tumors with EGFR Amplification and PTEN Deletion. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:775602. [PMID: 34925034 PMCID: PMC8672866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.775602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant brain tumor, and almost half of the patients carrying EGFR-driven tumor with PTEN deficiency are resistant to EGFR-targeted therapy. EGFR amplification and/or mutation is reported in various epithelial tumors. This series of studies aimed to identify a potent compound against EGFR-driven tumor. We screened a chemical library containing over 600 individual compounds purified from Traditional Chinese Medicine against GBM cells with EGFR amplification and found that cinobufagin, the major active ingredient of Chansu, inhibited the proliferation of EGFR amplified GBM cells and PTEN deficiency enhanced its anti-proliferation effects. Cinobufagin also strongly inhibited the proliferation of carcinoma cell lines with wild-type or mutant EGFR expression. In contrast, the compound only weakly inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells with low or without EGFR expression. Cinobufagin blocked EGFR phosphorylation and its downstream signaling, which additionally induced apoptosis and cytotoxicity in EGFR amplified cancer cells. In vivo, cinobufagin blocked EGFR signaling, inhibited cell proliferation, and elicited apoptosis, thereby suppressing tumor growth in both subcutaneous and intracranial U87MG-EGFR xenograft mouse models and increasing the median survival of nude mice bearing intracranial U87MG-EGFR tumors. Cinobufagin is a potential therapeutic agent for treating malignant glioma and other human cancers expressing EGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyan He
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Xing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Nan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian-Bin Su
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Shi
- Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Bio-X Institutes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tian-Pei Xie
- Shanghai Nature Standard Technical Services Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Shang-Wei Hou
- Key Laboratory for Translational Research and Innovative Therapeutics of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Department of Anesthesiology, Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Tongren Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Hangzhou Innovation Institute for Systems Oncology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Guang Han
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Hangzhou Innovation Institute for Systems Oncology, Hangzhou, China
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Dai G, Zheng D, Liu G, Song Q. Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Cisplatin Combined with Combretastatin A4 Phosphate on Human Osteosarcoma-Xenografted Mice. Cells Tissues Organs 2021; 210:293-300. [PMID: 34433168 DOI: 10.1159/000517446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of anticancer therapy combining a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent, cisplatin (DDP), and a vascular disruptive drug, combretastatin A4 phosphate (CA4P), in osteosarcoma. First, a human osteosarcoma-xenografted mice model was established. Second, the transplanted tumor models were treated with DDP and CA4P in combination or as monotherapy. Third, the therapeutic effects and the mechanism of the drug combination in the inhibition of transplanted tumors was studied. Finally, the toxic effects of the drugs were observed and recorded. The results showed that DDP combined with CA4P significantly inhibited the growth and lung metastasis of transplanted tumors compared with the monotherapy drug group and vehicle control group. Histopathological analysis revealed that apoptotic and necrotic cell death significantly increased in the combination group, and combined treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells compared with either agent alone or the vehicle control. Additionally, no obvious toxic effects were observed in the combination group. These results indicate that the combined effects of DDP and CA4P on the progression of human osteosarcoma in vivo were superior to that of either agent alone. DDP combined with CA4P exerted synergistic effects at lower concentrations and promoted apoptosis and necrosis, as well as inhibited proliferation of osteosarcoma cells, but it did not increase the systemic toxic effects of chemotherapy. Our findings highlight CA4P as an effective anticancer agent candidate for combination with DDP in clinical applications to treat osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gaiwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
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22
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Cinobufagin-induced DNA damage response activates G 2/M checkpoint and apoptosis to cause selective cytotoxicity in cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:446. [PMID: 34425836 PMCID: PMC8381584 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02150-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Processed extracts from toad skin and parotoid gland have long been used to treat various illnesses including cancer in many Asian countries. Recent studies have uncovered a family of bufadienolides as the responsible pharmacological compounds, and the two major molecules, cinobufagin and bufalin, have been shown to possess robust antitumor activity; however, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Methods Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by DCFH-DA staining and flow cytometry, and DNA damage was analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and the alkaline comet assay. Cytotoxicity was measured by MTT as well as colony formation assays, and cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. In addition, apoptosis was further characterized by TUNEL and mitochondrial membrane potential assays. Results Here we showed that sublethal doses of cinobufagin suppressed the viability of many cancer but not noncancerous cell lines. This tumor-selective cytotoxicity was preceded by a rapid, cancer-specific increase in cellular ROS and was significantly reduced by the ROS inhibitor N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), indicating oxidative stress as the primary source of cinobufagin-induced cancer cell toxicity. Sublethal cinobufagin-induced ROS overload resulted in oxidative DNA damage and intense replication stress in cancer cells, leading to strong DNA damage response (DDR) signaling. Subsequent phosphorylation of CDC25C and stabilization of p53 downstream of DDR resulted in activation of the G2/M checkpoint followed by induction of apoptosis. These data indicate that cinobufagin suppresses cancer cell viability via DDR-mediated G2 arrest and apoptosis. Conclusion As elevated oxidative pressure is shared by most cancer cells that renders them sensitive to further oxidative insult, these studies suggest that nontoxic doses of cinobufagin can be used to exploit a cancer vulnerability for induction of cancer-specific cytotoxicity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary materials available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02150-0.
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23
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Dai G, Liu G, Zheng D, Song Q. Inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway attenuates progression of cell motility, metastasis, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition-like phenomena induced by low concentrations of cisplatin in osteosarcoma. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 899:174058. [PMID: 33757752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although advances in osteosarcoma treatment have been made in recent decades, the survival rate for patients suffering from metastatic disease, especially lung metastasis, remains disappointing. Previous studies have confirmed that epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with tumor metastasis, and several studies have suggested that osteosarcoma cells also exhibit EMT-like characteristics. In addition, Notch signaling is known to be related to the development and progression of human malignancies, including osteosarcoma. However, whether chemotherapy affects the EMT-like events and whether these events are medicated by Notch signaling remain to be elucidated. To address these issues, in the current work, osteosarcoma 143B cells were exposed to sublethal concentrations of the first-line chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin (DDP), which promoted cell migration, in vitro invasion, and in vivo lung metastasis. Furthermore, low concentrations of DDP upregulated mesenchymal phenotype-related genes and proteins and promoted EMT-like properties in osteosarcoma cells. In addition, low concentrations of DDP could activate the Notch receptor and its target genes. Finally, combined treatment of DDP with the Notch signaling pathway inhibitor DAPT, which can effectively downregulate mesenchymal phenotype-related genes and proteins, inhibited cell migration and invasion in vitro, and it decreased pulmonary metastatic nodules in vivo. The results of the current study supported the idea that low concentrations of DDP could induce EMT-like characteristics in osteosarcoma cells and could promote cell mobility in vitro, as well as pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Importantly, however, these biological processes are mediated by the Notch signaling pathway. Blocking the Notch signaling pathway can effectively attenuate the osteosarcoma EMT-like phenotype and its associated migration, invasion, and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Dai
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
| | - Gaiwei Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Di Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qi Song
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wuhan No. 1 Hospital, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, China
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Li FJ, Hu JH, Ren X, Zhou CM, Liu Q, Zhang YQ. Toad venom: A comprehensive review of chemical constituents, anticancer activities, and mechanisms. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100060. [PMID: 33887066 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Toad venom, a traditional natural medicine, has been used for hundreds of years in China for treating different diseases. Many studies have been performed to elucidate the cardiotonic and analgesic activities of toad venom. Until the last decade, an increasing number of studies have documented that toad venom is a source of lead compound(s) for the development of potential cancer treatment drugs. Research has shown that toad venom contains 96 types of bufadienolide monomers and 23 types of indole alkaloids, such as bufalin, cinobufagin, arenobufagin, and resibufogenin, which exhibit a wide range of anticancer activities in vitro and, in particular, in vivo for a range of cancers. The main antitumor mechanisms are likely to be apoptosis or/and autophagy induction, cell cycle arrest, cell metastasis suppression, reversal of drug resistance, or growth inhibition of cancer cells. This review summarizes the chemical constituents of toad venom, analyzing their anticancer activities and molecular mechanisms for cancer treatments. We also outline the importance of further studies regarding the material basis and anticancer mechanisms of toad venom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Jie Li
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Hong Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng-Mei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yong-Qing Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.,Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Quality Control and Construction of the Whole Industrial Chain of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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25
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Majumder S, Crabtree JS, Golde TE, Minter LM, Osborne BA, Miele L. Targeting Notch in oncology: the path forward. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 20:125-144. [PMID: 33293690 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-00091-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Notch signalling is involved in many aspects of cancer biology, including angiogenesis, tumour immunity and the maintenance of cancer stem-like cells. In addition, Notch can function as an oncogene and a tumour suppressor in different cancers and in different cell populations within the same tumour. Despite promising preclinical results and early-phase clinical trials, the goal of developing safe, effective, tumour-selective Notch-targeting agents for clinical use remains elusive. However, our continually improving understanding of Notch signalling in specific cancers, individual cancer cases and different cell populations, as well as crosstalk between pathways, is aiding the discovery and development of novel investigational Notch-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samarpan Majumder
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Judy S Crabtree
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.,Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lisa M Minter
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Barbara A Osborne
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Lucio Miele
- Department of Genetics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA. .,Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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26
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Deng LJ, Li Y, Qi M, Liu JS, Wang S, Hu LJ, Lei YH, Jiang RW, Chen WM, Qi Q, Tian HY, Han WL, Wu BJ, Chen JX, Ye WC, Zhang DM. Molecular mechanisms of bufadienolides and their novel strategies for cancer treatment. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 887:173379. [PMID: 32758567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Bufadienolides are cardioactive C24 steroids with an α-pyrone ring at position C17. In the last ten years, accumulating studies have revealed the anticancer activities of bufadienolides and their underlying mechanisms, such as induction of autophagy and apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, inhibition of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness, and multidrug resistance reversal. As Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitors, bufadienolides have inevitable cardiotoxicity. Short half-lives, poor stability, low plasma concentration and oral bioavailability in vivo are obstacles for their applications as drugs. To improve the drug potency of bufadienolides and reduce their side effects, prodrug strategies and drug delivery systems such as liposomes and nanoparticles have been applied. Therefore, systematic and recapitulated information about the antitumor activity of bufadienolides, with special emphasis on the molecular or cellular mechanisms, prodrug strategies and drug delivery systems, is of high interest. Here, we systematically review the anticancer effects of bufadienolides and the molecular or cellular mechanisms of action. Research advancements regarding bufadienolide prodrugs and their tumor-targeting delivery strategies are critically summarized. This work highlights recent scientific advances regarding bufadienolides as effective anticancer agents from 2011 to 2019, which will help researchers to understand the molecular pathways involving bufadienolides, resulting in a selective and safe new lead compound or therapeutic strategy with improved therapeutic applications of bufadienolides for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ming Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jun-Shan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Li-Jun Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yu-He Lei
- Shenzhen Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518034, China
| | - Ren-Wang Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Min Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Li Han
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Bao-Jian Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jia-Xu Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Dong-Mei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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27
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Pakvasa M, Haravu P, Boachie-Mensah M, Jones A, Coalson E, Liao J, Zeng Z, Wu D, Qin K, Wu X, Luo H, Zhang J, Zhang M, He F, Mao Y, Zhang Y, Niu C, Wu M, Zhao X, Wang H, Huang L, Shi D, Liu Q, Ni N, Fu K, Lee MJ, Wolf JM, Athiviraham A, Ho SS, He TC, Hynes K, Strelzow J, El Dafrawy M, Reid RR. Notch signaling: Its essential roles in bone and craniofacial development. Genes Dis 2020; 8:8-24. [PMID: 33569510 PMCID: PMC7859553 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch is a cell–cell signaling pathway that is involved in a host of activities including development, oncogenesis, skeletal homeostasis, and much more. More specifically, recent research has demonstrated the importance of Notch signaling in osteogenic differentiation, bone healing, and in the development of the skeleton. The craniofacial skeleton is complex and understanding its development has remained an important focus in biology. In this review we briefly summarize what recent research has revealed about Notch signaling and the current understanding of how the skeleton, skull, and face develop. We then discuss the crucial role that Notch plays in both craniofacial development and the skeletal system, and what importance it may play in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Pakvasa
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Pranav Haravu
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael Boachie-Mensah
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alonzo Jones
- Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Elam Coalson
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Junyi Liao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Zongyue Zeng
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Di Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kevin Qin
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoxing Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Huaxiu Luo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510405, PR China
| | - Fang He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Yukun Mao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266061, PR China
| | - Changchun Niu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Laboratory Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Institute of Bone and Joint Research, and the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Hospitals of Lanzhou University, Gansu, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266061, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Linjuan Huang
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gastrointestinal Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Deyao Shi
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Qing Liu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Spine Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China
| | - Na Ni
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine, and School of Laboratory and Diagnostic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Kai Fu
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, PR China
| | - Michael J Lee
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jennifer Moriatis Wolf
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin S Ho
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Kelly Hynes
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Jason Strelzow
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mostafa El Dafrawy
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Russell R Reid
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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28
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Han J, Shen X. Long noncoding RNAs in osteosarcoma via various signaling pathways. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23317. [PMID: 32249459 PMCID: PMC7307344 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is one of the most commonly seen bone malignancies with high incidence rate in both children and adults. Although the regulatory network of osteosarcoma has been greatly concerned for years, the mechanisms regarding its oncogenesis and development are still not clear. Recent discoveries have revealed that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the development, progression, and invasion of osteosarcoma. Deregulated expression of lncRNAs has been found to participate in the regulation of various signaling transduction pathways in osteosarcoma. This review summarized roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis, development, and potential therapeutic of osteosarcoma via different signaling pathways. For examples, MALAT1, CCAT2, FER1L4, LOXL1‐AS1, OIP5‐AS1, PVT1, DBH‐AS1, and AWPPH regulate PI3K/Akt signaling; AWPPH and BE503655 regulate Wnt/β‐catenin signaling; NKILA and XIST regulate NF‐κB signaling; MEG3 and SNHG12 regulate Notch signaling; FOXD2‐AS1 and LINK‐A regulate HIF‐1α signaling; GClnc1 and HOTAIR regulate P53 signaling; ZFAS1, H19, and MALAT1 regulate MAPK, Hedgehog and Rac1/JNK signaling, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaohan Shen
- Ningbo Diagnostic Pathology Center (Shanghai Cancer Center Ningbo Pathology Center), Ningbo, China.,Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, China
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29
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Zhang L, Huang X, Guo T, Wang H, Fan H, Fang L. Study of Cinobufagin as a Promising Anticancer Agent in Uveal Melanoma Through Intrinsic Apoptosis Pathway. Front Oncol 2020; 10:325. [PMID: 32300551 PMCID: PMC7142239 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular carcinoma in adults. Cinobufagin, secreted by the Asiatic toad Bufo gargarizans, is a traditional Chinese medicine, widely used in tumor treatment. Here, we explored the potential antitumor function of cinobufagin and investigated its biochemical mechanisms in UM cells. The antitumor potential of cinobufagin was determined via cell viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis assays. Colony formation assays confirmed that cinobufagin exerted potent antitumor activity in a dose-dependent manner. We found that cinobufagin could induce cell apoptosis and upregulate the expression of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and cleaved caspase-9 in vivo and in vitro. In addition, after treatment with increased concentrations of cinobufagin, the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was also activated, which was demonstrated by increased cell apoptosis with increased expression of Bad and Bax, decreased expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in OCM1 cells. Taken together, the results of this preclinical study suggest that cinobufagin can both inhibit cell survival and induce cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner in UM cells, which provides new insights into the biochemical mechanism of cinobufagin and its potential as a future chemotherapeutic agent for UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixue Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
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30
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Deng X, Sheng J, Liu H, Wang N, Dai C, Wang Z, Zhang J, Zhao J, Dai E. Cinobufagin Promotes Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis to Block Human Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells Growth via the p73 Signalling Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 42:1500-1509. [PMID: 31474710 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cinobufagin isolated from traditional Chinese herbs has antitumour, anaesthetic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Recently, the antitumour activity of cinobufagin has attracted increasing attention from researchers. However, the anticancer activity of this drug on esophageal cancer cells and the precise mechanism are unclear. In this study, we determined the inhibitory effect of cinobufagin on the growth of three esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and explored its underlying mechanism. EC-109, Kyse-150, and Kyse-520 cells were treated with different concentrations of cinobufagin. The results of the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and clone formation assays showed that cinobufagin significantly reduced cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Also, flow cytometry and Hoechst 33342 staining indicated that the inhibition of growth induced by cinobufagin was mediated by G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition, the expression of proteins related to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis was assessed by real-time quantitative (q)RT-PCR and Western blot. The results showed that cinobufagin caused G2/M arrest via upregulation of p21 and Wee1 and downregulation of cyclin B1 and Cdc2 at the mRNA and protein levels and induced apoptosis via upregulation of cleaved caspase-3, Puma and Noxa expression and an increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Other data further showed that cinobufagin increased p73 expression and decreased Mdm2 expression, whereas p53 expression was not significantly changed. Taken together, these results suggest that growth inhibition of cinobufagin in esophageal cancer cells might act through the p73 pathway and its downstream molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Deng
- Postgraduate Training Basement, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center, Jinzhou Medical University
| | - Jiexia Sheng
- Postgraduate Training Basement, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center, Jinzhou Medical University
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center
| | - Nannan Wang
- Postgraduate Training Basement, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center, Jinzhou Medical University
| | - Cuoji Dai
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
| | - Zhenguo Wang
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center
| | - Jianye Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center
| | - Erqing Dai
- Department of Military Health Care, Chinese People's Armed Police Force Characteristic Medical Center
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31
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Zhan X, Wu H, Wu H, Wang R, Luo C, Gao B, Chen Z, Li Q. Metabolites from Bufo gargarizans (Cantor, 1842): A review of traditional uses, pharmacological activity, toxicity and quality control. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 246:112178. [PMID: 31445132 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Bufo gargarizans (Cantor, 1842) (BGC), a traditional medicinal animal distributed in many provinces of China, is well known for the pharmaceutical value of Chansu and Chanpi. As traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), Chansu and Chanpi, with their broad-spectrum of therapeutic applications, have long been applied to detoxification, anti-inflammation, analgesia, etc. OVERARCHING OBJECTIVE: We critically analyzed the current evidence for the traditional uses, chemical profiles, pharmacological activity, toxicity and quality control of BGC (Bufonidae family) to provide a scientific basis for future in-depth studies and perspectives for the discovery of potential drug candidates. METHODOLOGY All of the available information on active constituents and TCMs derived from BGC was obtained using the keywords "Bufo gargarizans", "Chansu", "Chanpi", "Huachansu", or "Cinobufacini" through different electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Wanfang Database, and Pharmacopoeia of China. In addition, Chinese medicine books from different times were used to elucidate the traditional uses of BGC. Electronic databases, including the "IUCN Red List of Threatened Species", "American Museum of Natural History" and "AmphibiaWeb Species Lists", were used to validate the scientific name of BGC. RESULTS To date, about 118 bufadienolide monomers and 11 indole alkaloids have been identified from BGC in total. The extracts and isolated compounds exhibit a wide range of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological effects. The literature search demonstrated that the ethnomedicinal uses of BGC, such as detoxification, anti-inflammation and the ability to reduce swelling and pain associated with infections, are correlated with its modern pharmacological activities, including antitumor, immunomodulation and attenuation of cancer-derived pain. Bufadienolides and indole alkaloids have been regarded as the main active substances in BGC, among which bufadienolides have significant antitumor activity. Furthermore, the cardiotoxicity of bufadienolides was discussed, and the main molecular mechanism involves in the inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase. Besides, with the development of modern analytical techniques, the quality control methods of BGC-derived TCMs are being improved constantly. CONCLUSIONS An increasing number of reports suggest that BGC can be regarded as an excellent source for exploring the potential antitumor constituents. However, the future antitumor research of BGC needs to follow the standard pharmacology guidelines, so as to provide comprehensive pharmacological information and aid the reproducibility of the data. Besides, to ensure the efficacy and safety of BGC-derived TCMs, it is vital to construct a comprehensive quality evaluation model on the basis of clarifying pharmacodynamic-related and toxicity-related compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China; Scientific Research & Experiment Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China; Scientific Research & Experiment Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China; Anhui China Resources Jin Chan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huaibei, 235000, China.
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Anhui China Resources Jin Chan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Chuan Luo
- Anhui China Resources Jin Chan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Anhui China Resources Jin Chan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huaibei, 235000, China
| | - Zhiwu Chen
- Basic Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qinglin Li
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of R&D of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China; Scientific Research & Experiment Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China; Anhui China Resources Jin Chan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Huaibei, 235000, China.
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Pan Z, Luo Y, Xia Y, Zhang X, Qin Y, Liu W, Li M, Liu X, Zheng Q, Li D. Cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase and promotes apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 122:109763. [PMID: 31918288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that cinobufagin, an active ingredient in Venenum Bufonis, inhibits cell proliferation in several tumor cells. However, the anti-tumor effect of cinobufagin on nasopharyngeal carcinoma and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, we found that cinobufagin significantly inhibits the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK-1 cells. Further analyses demonstrated that cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase in HK-1 cells through downregulating the levels of CDK2 and cyclin E. Moreover, cinobufagin significantly downregulates the protein level of Bcl-2 and upregulates the levels of Bax, subsequently increasing the levels of cytoplasmic cytochrome c, Apaf-1, cleaved PARP1, cleaved caspase-3, and cleaved caspase-9, leading to HK-1 apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that cinobufagin significantly increases ROS levels and decreases the mitochondrial membrane potential in HK-1 cells. Collectively, these data imply that cinobufagin induces cell cycle arrest at the S phase and induces apoptosis through increasing ROS levels, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation in HK-1 cells. Therefore, cinobufagin is a promising bioactive agent that may contribute to the development of treatment strategies of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohai Pan
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Yongchuan Luo
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; Intravenous Drug Distribution Center, Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Affiliated Hosptial of Binzhou Medical University, 264100, Yantai, China
| | - Yuan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Yao Qin
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Minjing Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Xiaona Liu
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China
| | - Qiusheng Zheng
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic Phytomedicine Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, Xinjiang, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China.
| | - Defang Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Tumor Metabolism, School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China; School of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, 264003, Yantai, China.
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Zhang C, Ma K, Li WY. Cinobufagin Suppresses The Characteristics Of Osteosarcoma Cancer Cells By Inhibiting The IL-6-OPN-STAT3 Pathway. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:4075-4090. [PMID: 31824138 PMCID: PMC6900468 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s224312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Current clinical treatments for osteosarcoma are limited by disease recurrence and primary or secondary chemoresistance. Cancer stem-like cells have been proposed to facilitate the initiation, progression, recurrence and chemoresistance of osteosarcoma. Furthermore, previous studies have reported that IL-6-STAT3 pathway is overexpressed in various types of cancer and contributes to cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion/migration, chemoresistance and modulation of stemness features. Aim To examined the effect of cinobufagin on cancer progression and modulation of stemness features in osteosarcoma, and investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying such effects. Methods Human osteosarcoma cell lines U2OS/MG-63 were recruited in this study. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined by MTT assay, colony formation assay,wound healing assay, and cell invasion assay respectively. Its effect on stemness was assessed by flow cytometry and mammosphere formation. The protein expression levels of related proteins were detected by Western blot. The xenograft model, immunofluorescence staining and immunohistochemistry were used to determine the effect of cinobufagin on tumorigenicity in vivo experiment. Results We found that cinobufagin suppressed the viability of U2OS/MG-63 spheroids/parent cells in a time-and dose-dependent manner. Notably, cinobufagin had no effect on the viability of hFOB 1.19 cells. Moreover, cinobufagin induced apoptosis, increased the width of wounds, reduced invasive osteosarcoma spheroids/parent cell numbers and reduced EMT phenotype and OPN levels in U2OS/MG-63 spheroids as well as U2OS/MG-63 parent cells lines. Noticeablely, we found that OPN levels were higher in spheroids group than that in parent cells. In addition, cinobufagin ameliorated the proportion of CD133-positive cells, the size of spheroids and Nanog, Sox-2 and Oct3/4 protein levels. Our in vivo experiments showed that cinobufagin consistently reduced tumor volume,the expressions of OPN, Sox-2, Oct3/4, Nanog and p-STAT3 by the immuno histochemistry staining as well as CD133 expression in tumor tissues by immunofluorescence analysis. From a mechanistic point of view, cinobufagin was shown to inhibit IL-6-OPN-STAT3 signaling pathway. Exogenous IL-6/OE-OPN/overexpression STAT3 attenuated the induction of cinobufagin-mediated apoptosis and the suppression of stemness properties respectively. Conclusion Collectively, our data demonstrated that cinobufagin inhibited the viability and tumorigenesis capability of osteosarcoma cells by blocking IL-6- OPN-STAT3 signaling pathway. Cinobufagin may therefore represent a promising therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma management. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: https://youtu.be/a2KF0PMRBDo
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhang
- Luoyang Orthopaedic-Traumatological Hospital and Henan Orthopaedic Hospital, Luoyang, Henan 471002, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Ma
- Luoyang Orthopaedic-Traumatological Hospital and Henan Orthopaedic Hospital, Luoyang, Henan 471002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Yin Li
- Luoyang Orthopaedic-Traumatological Hospital and Henan Orthopaedic Hospital, Luoyang, Henan 471002, People's Republic of China
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Fang S, Tao H, Xia K, Guo W. Proscillaridin A induces apoptosis and inhibits the metastasis of osteosarcoma in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 521:880-886. [PMID: 31708095 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The side effects of chemotherapy, drug resistance, and tumor metastasis hinder the development of treatment for osteosarcoma, leading to poor prognosis of patients with the disease. Proscillaridin A, a kind of cardiac glycoside, has been proven to have anti-proliferative properties in many malignant tumors, but the efficacy of the drug in treating osteosarcoma is unclear. In the present study, we assessed the effects of Proscillaridin A on osteosarcoma and investigated its underlying action mechanism. The cell cytotoxicity assay showed that Proscillaridin A significantly inhibited the proliferation of 143B cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Also, flow cytometry and invasion assay revealed that Proscillaridin A induced apoptosis and reduced 143B cell motility. Western blotting and PCR were used to detect the expressions of Bcl-xl and MMP2 and showed that mRNA/protein expression levels decreased significantly in Proscillaridin A-treated osteosarcoma cells. Using a mouse xenograft model, we found that Proscillaridin A treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo and decreased the expression levels of Bcl-xl and MMP2. No noticeable side effect was observed in the liver, kidney, and hematological functions. Conclusively, Proscillaridin A suppressed proliferation, induced apoptosis, and inhibited 143B cell metastasis in vitro and in vivo, and these effects could be mediated by downregulating the expressions of Bcl-xl and MMP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Fang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Hai Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Kezhou Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China.
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Li X, Chen C, Dai Y, Huang C, Han Q, Jing L, Ma Y, Xu Y, Liu Y, Zhao L, Wang J, Sun X, Yao X. Cinobufagin suppresses colorectal cancer angiogenesis by disrupting the endothelial mammalian target of rapamycin/hypoxia-inducible factor 1α axis. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:1724-1734. [PMID: 30839155 PMCID: PMC6501006 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inducing angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancers that sustains tumor growth and metastasis. Neovascularization is a surprisingly early event during the multistage progression of cancer. Cinobufagin, an important bufadienolide originating from Chan Su, has been clinically used to treat cancer in China since the Tang dynasty. Here, we show that cinobufagin suppresses colorectal cancer (CRC) growth in vivo by downregulating angiogenesis. The hierarchized neovasculature is significantly decreased and the vascular network formation is disrupted in HUVEC by cinobufagin in a dose‐dependent way. Endothelial apoptosis is observed by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction which can be neutralized by N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine (NAC). Expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α) is reduced and phosphorylation of mTOR at Ser2481 and Akt at Ser473 is downregulated in HUVEC. Endothelial apoptosis is triggered by cinobufagin by stimulation of Bax and cascade activation of caspase 9 and caspase 3. Increased endothelial apoptosis rate and alterations in the HIF‐1α/mTOR pathway are recapitulated in tumor‐bearing mice in vivo. Further, the anti‐angiogenesis function of cinobufagin is consolidated based on its pro‐apoptotic effects on an EOMA‐derived hemangioendothelioma model. In conclusion, cinobufagin suppresses tumor neovascularization by disrupting the endothelial mTOR/HIF‐1α pathway to trigger ROS‐mediated vascular endothelial cell apoptosis. Cinobufagin is a promising natural anti‐angiogenetic drug that has clinical translation potential and practical application value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital & School of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunhui Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengzhi Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qinrui Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Jing
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yawei Liu
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuegang Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueqing Yao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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The Development of Toad Toxins as Potential Therapeutic Agents. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10080336. [PMID: 30127299 PMCID: PMC6115759 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10080336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxins from toads have long been known to contain rich chemicals with great pharmaceutical potential. Recent studies have shown more than 100 such chemical components, including peptides, steroids, indole alkaloids, bufogargarizanines, organic acids, and others, in the parotoid and skins gland secretions from different species of toads. In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), processed toad toxins have been used for treating various diseases for hundreds of years. Modern studies, including both experimental and clinical trials, have also revealed the molecular mechanisms that support the development of these components into medicines for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and cancers. More recently, there have been studies that demonstrated the therapeutic potential of toxins from other species of toads, such as Australian cane toads. Previous reviews mostly focused on the pharmaceutical effects of the whole extracts from parotoid glands or skins of toads. However, to fully understand the molecular basis of toad toxins in their use for therapy, a comprehensive understanding of the individual compound contained in toad toxins is necessary; thus, this paper seeks to review the recent studies of some typical compounds frequently identified in toad secretions.
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Bufadienolides from Venenum Bufonis Inhibit mTOR-Mediated Cyclin D1 and Retinoblastoma Protein Leading to Arrest of Cell Cycle in Cancer Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3247402. [PMID: 30108651 PMCID: PMC6077658 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3247402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Bufadienolides, the main components in Venenum Bufonis secreted from toads, have been proved to be with significant anticancer activity aside from the positive inotropic action as cardenolides. Here an underlying anticancer mechanism was further elucidated for an injection made from Venenum Bufonis containing nine bufadienolides. Methods One solution reagent and cell cycle analyses were for determining effect of bufadienolides on cancer cells. Western blotting was used for protein expression. Results Bufadienolides inhibit cell proliferation and arrest cells in G1 phase. Bufadienolides also inhibit the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which is evidenced by the data that bufadienolides inhibit type I insulin-like growth factor- (IGF-1-) activated phosphorylation of mTOR by a concentration- and time-dependent way, as well as phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) binding protein 1 (4E-BP1). Subsequent results indicated that cyclin D1 expression and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein (Rb)—two characterized regulators in cell cycle of G1—are also inhibited and the process is dependent on mTOR pathway. Conclusion Bufadienolides inhibit proliferation partially due to arresting cell cycle in G1 phase, which is mediated by inhibiting mTOR-cyclin D1/Rb signal pathway.
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Zhou S, Xiong M, Dai G, Yu L, Zhang Z, Chen J, Guo W. MicroRNA-192-5p suppresses the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma by targeting USP1. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:6947-6956. [PMID: 29731868 PMCID: PMC5920969 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary malignant bone tumor. An increasing body of evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNA/miRs) have emerged as critical regulators in the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma. The present study explored the biological function of miR-192-5p and ubiquitin-specific protease 1 (USP1), and investigated whether miR-192-5p could directly interact with USP1 in osteosarcoma. The results revealed that miR-192-5p was significantly downregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines, while a reverse expression profile of USP1 was observed. Ectopic expression of miR-192-5p restrained cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion. In addition, it increased the sensitivity of osteosarcoma cells to cisplatin. USP1 was also observed to be a direct target gene of miR-192-5p in osteosarcoma. Overexpression of USP1 promoted cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and decreased cell chemo-sensitivity; however, it could be partially reversed via the overexpression of miR-192-5p in osteosarcoma cell lines. Taken together, the present study demonstrated that miR-192-5p suppressed the initiation and progression of osteosarcoma by targeting USP1. Therefore, miR-192-5p may serve as a valuable biomarker and the miR-192-5p/USP1 axis may function as a novel therapeutic target for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Min Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongfeng General Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Guo Dai
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhengpei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongfeng General Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei 442001, P.R. China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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Ma XC, Ding HQ, Shi JD, Hei L, Niu NK, Suo ZG, Shang YB, Lin S, Pu FF, Shao ZW. Cinobufacini from the Skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans Induces Apoptosis, Possibly via Activation of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway, in Human Osteosarcoma Cells. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cinobufacini (huachansu) is a traditional Chinese medicine extracted from the skin of Bufo bufo gargarizans, which is used in clinical cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the signaling pathways regulating cinobufacini-induced apoptosis in the osteosarcoma cell line, U2OS. We used 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the effects of cinobufacini on cell proliferation in U2OS cells. Changes in cell morphology and apoptosis were detected by TUNEL staining. The expression of apoptosis-related and Wnt/β-catenin pathway proteins was detected by immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, and western blot analysis. Our data indicated that cinobufacini significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Marked changes in cell morphology and apoptosis rate were clearly observed after cinobufacini treatment. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated, and β-catenin expression was positive in cells after treatment. Further, protein expression of bax was increased, whereas bcl-2 was decreased, resulting in an increased bax/bcl-2 ratio. Moreover, after cinobufacini treatment, the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related proteins was similar to controls. Taken together, our study indicates that cinobufacini can induce apoptosis in U2OS cells, likely through activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-cai Ma
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Hui-qiang Ding
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Jian-dang Shi
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Long Hei
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Ning-kui Niu
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-gang Suo
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Yan-bing Shang
- Department of Spine Orthopedics, General Hospital, NingXia Medical University, Yinchuan, 750000, Ningxia, P. R. China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopaedic Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Fei-fei Pu
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Zeng-wu Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei, P. R. China
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LncRNA SNHG12 promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis in osteosarcoma by upregulating Notch2 by sponging miR-195-5p. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 495:1822-1832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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The synergistic antitumor effect of cinobufagin and cisplatin in human osteosarcoma cell line in vitro and in vivo. Oncotarget 2017; 8:85150-85168. [PMID: 29156710 PMCID: PMC5689600 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) has been shown to be a promising anticancer drug that is effective against many types of cancer, which include osteosarcoma (OS). However, its therapeutic application is restricted by its toxicity in normal tissues and by side effects caused in patients. Reduction of the toxicity of CDDP is necessary to improve cancer treatment. In the present study, we attempted to clarify how cinobufagin, a traditional Chinese medicine, enhances CDDP-induced cytotoxicity in OS cells. OS 143B cells were treated with cinobufagin and CDDP alone or in combination. After low dose combined treatments with cinobufagin and CDDP, the effects of these therapeutics on cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, and involvement in Notch pathway, as well as tumor growth and metastatic capability were determined. It was found that the combination of low doses of cinobufagin and CDDP markedly inhibited cell activity, motility, and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in S phase, as well as suppressing tumor growth, metastasis and prolonging longer survival of nude mice in OS xenograft models compared with the actions of either drug alone or vehicle. The results also demonstrated that cinobufagin plus CDDP significantly suppressed the Notch pathway. The anticancer mechanism of these two drugs may involve intervention in the Notch signaling, which may contribute to inhibit tumor growth. All of these results suggest that application of lower concentration cinobufagin plus CDDP could produce a synergistic antitumor effect and this finding warrants further investigation for its potential clinical applications in human OS patients.
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