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Jayawardhana HHACK, Liyanage NM, Nagahawatta DP, Lee HG, Jeon YJ, Kang SI. Pepsin Hydrolysate from Surimi Industry-Related Olive Flounder Head Byproducts Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and In Vivo Zebrafish Model. Mar Drugs 2023; 22:24. [PMID: 38248649 PMCID: PMC10817321 DOI: 10.3390/md22010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fish head byproducts derived from surimi processing contribute about 15% of the total body weight, which are beneficial to health because they contain essential nutrients. In this study, olive flounder (OF) was the target species in order to maximize the byproduct utilization. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, the seven hydrolysates from OF head byproducts were examined for their inhibitory potential against inflammation and the oxidative stress induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The pepsin hydrolysate (OFH-PH) demonstrated strong anti-inflammatory activity via the down-regulation of NO production, with an IC50 value of 299.82 ± 4.18 µg/mL. We evaluated the inhibitory potential of pro-inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 to confirm these findings. Additionally, iNOS and COX-2 protein expressions were confirmed using western blotting. Furthermore, the results from the in vivo zebrafish model demonstrated that OFH-PH decreased the LPS-elevated heart rate, NO production, cell death, and intracellular ROS level, while increasing the survival percentage. Hence, the obtained results of this study serve as a platform for future research and provide insight into the mediation of inflammatory disorders. These results suggest that OFH-PH has the potential to be utilized as a nutraceutical and functional food ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. H. A. C. K. Jayawardhana
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (H.H.A.C.K.J.); (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - N. M. Liyanage
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (H.H.A.C.K.J.); (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - D. P. Nagahawatta
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (H.H.A.C.K.J.); (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - Hyo-Geun Lee
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (H.H.A.C.K.J.); (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Science, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea; (H.H.A.C.K.J.); (N.M.L.); (D.P.N.); (H.-G.L.)
| | - Sang In Kang
- Seafood Research Center, Silla University, Busan 49277, Republic of Korea
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Jia Z, Wang P, Xu Y, Feng G, Wang Q, He X, Song Y, Liu P, Chen J. Trypsin inhibitor LH011 inhibited DSS-induced mice colitis via alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:986510. [PMID: 36238566 PMCID: PMC9551103 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.986510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is one type of inflammatory bowel disease, characterized by inflammation with infiltration and activation of macrophages in colonic tissue. LH011 is a trypsin inhibitor with potential anti-inflammatory effect. Purpose: Here, we aim to assay the effects of LH011 on UC and further investigate the potential mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 3.5%, w/v) was used to induce UC, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. LH011 was administrated to mice in vivo or to RAW 264.7 cells in vitro at different concentrations. The cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and the changes of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathways were detected. Results: The results showed that LH011 improved DSS-induced mice colitis, including loss of weight, disease activity index (DAI), and colonic pathological damage. In addition, LH011 inhibited the expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α and strengthened the anti-oxidative capacity. Mechanically, LH011 downregulated the nuclear localization of NF-κB p65 and upregulated the protein expression of Nrf2. Conclusion: These results demonstrated that LH011 alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress during UC by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and activating Nrf2/Keap1/HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenmao Jia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Panxia Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Guodong Feng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun He
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Song
- Guangzhou Link Health Group, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
| | - Jianwen Chen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Song, ; Peiqing Liu, ; Jianwen Chen,
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Fleitas MMD, Kim SS, Kim NK, Seo SR. Cynanoside F Controls Skin Inflammation by Suppressing Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091740. [PMID: 36139814 PMCID: PMC9495541 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by severe itching and dry skin. Currently, the incidence of AD due to excessive activation of immune cells by various environmental factors is increasing worldwide, and research on inflammatory response inhibitors with fewer side effects is continuously needed. Cynanoside F (CF) is one of the pregnane-type compounds in the root of Cynanchum atratum, an oriental medicinal herb that has been shown to have antioxidant, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. Although CF has been isolated as a component in Cynanchum atratum, the scientific role of CF has not yet been explored. In this study, we evaluated the effect of CF on AD and revealed the mechanism using in vitro and in vivo experimental models. CF significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced protein expression levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are important proinflammatory mediators in the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line. CF did not inhibit the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling activated by LPS but significantly reduced the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), such as p38 MAPK, JNK, and ERK. CF consistently inhibited the activity of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, a downstream molecule of MAPK signaling. In addition, in an experiment using an oxazolone-induced AD mouse model, the CF-treated group showed a marked decrease in epidermal thickness, the number of infiltrated mast cells, and the amount of histamine. The mRNA levels of IL-1β, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) were consistently lowered in the group treated with CF. Moreover, the phosphorylation of c-Jun and c-Fos protein levels, which are the AP-1 components, were lowered in the skin tissues of CF-treated mice. These results provide the first evidence that CF has an inhibitory effect on AD and suggest the possibility of CF being developed as a potential therapeutic agent for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Melissa Duarte Fleitas
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | - Seon Sook Kim
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
| | | | - Su Ryeon Seo
- Department of Molecular Bioscience, College of Biomedical Science Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-33-250-8541; Fax: +82-33-241-4627
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Li J, Qin Y, Chen Y, Zhao P, Liu X, Dong H, Zheng W, Feng S, Mao X, Li C. Mechanisms of the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in alveolar epithelial cell/macrophage co-culture. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:76. [PMID: 32968433 PMCID: PMC7500047 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction between alveolar epithelial cells (EpCs) and macrophages (MPs) serves an important role in initiating and maintaining inflammation in chronic pulmonary diseases. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms of the inflammatory response in co-cultured EpCs and MPs. Briefly, a co-culture system of A549 (EpCs) and THP-1 (monocyte/MPs) cells was established in a filter-separated Transwell plate to evaluate the inflammatory response. Following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment, cytokine levels were measured using ELISAs, NF-κB transcription factor activity was detected using EMSA and protein expression levels were analyzed using Western blot assays subsequently in EpCs and MPs. Co-cultured EpCs/MPs were found to secrete increased levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α following LPS exposure for 6, 12, 24 and 48 h compared with either EpC or MP monocultures. Concurrently, NF-κB was revealed to be activated in MPs at 6 and 12 h, and in EpCs at 24 h. NF-κB DNA binding, Toll-like receptor 4 expression levels and the p65 phosphorylation status were also increased, which may contribute to the inflammatory response in the EpC/MP co-cultures. Notably, cytokine levels decreased following the inhibition of NF-κB expression with pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate. In conclusion, the present study successfully established an EpC/MP co-culture system using LPS, which may be a useful model for studying chronic inflammation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yanqin Qin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Wanchun Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoning Mao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
| | - Congcong Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China.,Co-construction Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan and Education Ministry of P.R. China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan 450046, P.R. China
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Yu CI, Cheng CI, Kang YF, Chang PC, Lin IP, Kuo YH, Jhou AJ, Lin MY, Chen CY, Lee CH. Hispidulin Inhibits Neuroinflammation in Lipopolysaccharide-Activated BV2 Microglia and Attenuates the Activation of Akt, NF-κB, and STAT3 Pathway. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:163-174. [PMID: 32222934 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00197-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microglia, resident innate immune cells in central nervous system, regulates neuroinflammation and is associated with a variety of neuropathologies. The present study investigated the antineuroinflammatory effects of hispidulin (HPD), a naturally flavone compound, in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated BV2 microglia cells. The expression levels of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory factors were determined by the Griess method, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was used to measure various transcription factors such as Akt, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activities. Our experimental results demonstrated that HPD increased cell viability and reduced apoptosis in LPS-treated BV2 microglia cells. Moreover, HPD significantly reduced the levels of NO, ROS, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a dose-dependent manner. Phosphorylation of NF-κB/IκB, Akt, and STAT3 proteins expression by HPD was suppressed in LPS-induced BV2 microglial cells. We concluded that HPD may inhibit neuroinflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB pathway activation and ROS formation. These results propose that HPD has potential as anti-inflammatory agents against microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-I Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Tainan, 73659, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-I Cheng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Sin-Lau Medical Foundation the Presbyterian Church, Tainan, 70142, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fei Kang
- School of Nursing, Fooyin University, 151 Jinxue Road, Daliao District, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chih Chang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Weight Management Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - In-Pin Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yu-His Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - An-Jie Jhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Ying Lin
- Community Health Promotion Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ci-Jin Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Health Science, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, 83102, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsing Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate Institute of Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.
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Sun S, Du Y, Yin C, Suo X, Wang R, Xia R, Zhang X. Water-separated part of Chloranthus serratus alleviates lipopolysaccharide- induced RAW264.7 cell injury mainly by regulating the MAPK and Nrf2/HO-1 inflammatory pathways. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:343. [PMID: 31791318 PMCID: PMC6888926 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2755-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Chloranthus serratus (Chloranthaceae) has been used to treat bruises, rheumatoid and bone pain. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of C. serratus in vitro have not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the anti-inflammatory activity and potential mechanisms of C. serratus’s separated part of water (CSSPW) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cells. Methods The concentrations of CSSPW were optimized by CCK-8 method. Nitric oxide (NO) content was detected by one-step method. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Gene expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) was detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Immunofluorescence and DCFH-DA fluorescent probes were used to detect p65 nuclear translocation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, respectively. Western blotting was used to assay the protein expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and nuclear transcription factor E2 related factor 2/haem oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathways. Results The final concentrations of 15 ng/mL, 1.5 μg/mL and 150 μg/mL were selected as low, medium and high doses of CSSPW, respectively. CSSPW treatment significantly reduced the generation of NO, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandinE2 (PGE2), iNOS mRNA and COX-2 mRNA in response to LPS stimulation. Furthermore, the protein expression of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways was suppressed by CSSPW treatment, as well as p65 nuclear translocation and ROS production. In contrast, the protein expression of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway was markedly upregulated. Conclusions CSSPW exerts its anti-inflammatory effect via downregulating the production of pro-inflammatory mediators, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and MAPK pathways, as well as activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
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Arctigenin Ameliorates Inflammation by Regulating Accumulation and Functional Activity of MDSCs in Endotoxin Shock. Inflammation 2018; 41:2090-2100. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-018-0852-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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