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Zhang Y, Wu X, Sun X, Yang J, Liu C, Tang G, Lei X, Huang H, Peng J. The Progress of Small Molecule Targeting BCR-ABL in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:642-663. [PMID: 37855278 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575218335230926070130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is a malignant myeloproliferative disease. According to the American Cancer Society's 2021 cancer data report, new cases of CML account for about 15% of all leukemias. CML is generally divided into three stages: chronic phase, accelerated phase, and blast phase. Nearly 90% of patients are diagnosed as a chronic phase. Allogeneic stem cell transplantation and chemotherapeutic drugs, such as interferon IFN-α were used as the earliest treatments for CML. However, they could generate obvious side effects, and scientists had to seek new treatments for CML. A new era of targeted therapy for CML began with the introduction of imatinib, the first-generation BCR-ABL kinase inhibitor. However, the ensuing drug resistance and mutant strains led by T315I limited the further use of imatinib. With the continuous advancement of research, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) and BCR-ABL protein degraders with novel structures and therapeutic mechanisms have been discovered. From biological macromolecules to classical target protein inhibitors, a growing number of compounds are being developed to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia. In this review, we focus on summarizing the current situation of a series of candidate small-molecule drugs in CML therapy, including TKIs and BCR-ABL protein degrader. The examples provided herein describe the pharmacology activity of small-molecule drugs. These drugs will provide new enlightenment for future treatment directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xueyan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guotao Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Honglin Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Junmei Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Lu T, Wang Y, Liu F, Zhang L, Huang S, Zhou Y, Wu H, Mao Y, Jin C, Song W. Synergistic Inhibitory Effect of Berberine and Low-Temperature Plasma on Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells via PI3K-AKT-Driven Signaling Axis. Molecules 2023; 28:7797. [PMID: 38067530 PMCID: PMC10708101 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature plasma (LTP) is an emerging biomedical technique that has been proposed as a potential approach for cancer therapy. Meanwhile, berberine (BER), an active ingredient extracted from various medical herbs, such as Coptischinesis, has been proven antitumor effects in a broad spectrum of cancer cells. In this study, we seek to develop a novel dual cancer therapeutic method by integrating pre-administration of BER and LTP exposure and evaluating its comprehensive antitumor effect on the human non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines (A549 and H1299) in vitro. Cell viability, cell cycle, cell apoptosis, and intracellular and extracellular ROS were investigated. The results showed that cotreatment of BER and LTP significantly decreased the cell viability, arrested the cell cycle in the S phase, promoted cell apoptosis, and increased intracellular and extracellular ROS. Additionally, RNA Sequencing (RNA-Seq) technology was used to explore potential mechanisms. The differentially expressed genes among different treatment groups of NSCLC cells were analyzed and were mainly enriched in the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway. Moreover, cotreatment of BER and LTP notably depressed the total protein expression level of PI3K and AKT with immunoblotting. In conclusion, BER and LTP have a synergistic inhibitory effect on NSCLC cells via the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, which could provide a promising strategy for supplementary therapy in the anti-NSCLC battle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lu
- Key Laboratory for the Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (T.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (F.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory for the Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (T.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (F.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (T.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Simin Huang
- Key Laboratory for the Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (T.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (F.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Hui Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (F.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.W.)
| | - Yanmei Mao
- Key Laboratory for the Application and Transformation of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Prevention and Treatment of Major Pulmonary Diseases, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China; (T.L.); (Y.W.); (L.Z.); (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Chufeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Neutronics and Radiation Safety, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- International Academy of Neutron Science, Qingdao 266199, China
| | - Wencheng Song
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics, Institute of Health & Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; (F.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.W.)
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Hu J, Zhang D, Tian K, Ren C, Li H, Lin C, Huang X, Liu J, Mao W, Zhang J. Small-molecule LRRK2 inhibitors for PD therapy: Current achievements and future perspectives. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115475. [PMID: 37201428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a multifunctional protein that orchestrates a diverse array of cellular processes, including vesicle transport, autophagy, lysosome degradation, neurotransmission, and mitochondrial activity. Hyperactivation of LRRK2 triggers vesicle transport dysfunction, neuroinflammation, accumulation of α-synuclein, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the loss of cilia, ultimately leading to Parkinson's disease (PD). Therefore, targeting LRRK2 protein is a promising therapeutic strategy for PD. The clinical translation of LRRK2 inhibitors was historically impeded by issues surrounding tissue specificity. Recent studies have identified LRRK2 inhibitors that have no effect on peripheral tissues. Currently, there are four small-molecule LRRK2 inhibitors undergoing clinical trials. This review provides a summary of the structure and biological functions of LRRK2, along with an overview of the binding modes and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of small-molecule inhibitors targeting LRRK2. It offers valuable references for developing novel drugs targeting LRRK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Hu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Keyue Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Changyu Ren
- Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Heng Li
- Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Congcong Lin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoli Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Respiratory Health, Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Pan X, Liu N, Liu Y, Zhang Q, Wang K, Liu X, Zhang J. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of trizole-based heteroaromatic derivatives as Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114425. [PMID: 35561654 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bcr-Abl is a key driver in the pathophysiology of CML. Broadening the chemical diversity of Bcr-Abl kinase inhibitors to overcome drug resistance is a current medical demand for CML treatment. As a continuation to our research, a series of compounds with heteroaromatics-trizole scaffold as hinge binding moiety (HBM) were developed as Bcr-Abl inhibitors based on in silico modeling analysis. Biological results indicated that these compounds exhibited a significantly enhanced inhibition against Bcr-AblWT and Bcr-AblT315I in kinases assays, along with improved anti-proliferative activities in leukemia cell assays, compared with previous disclosed compounds. In particular, compounds 9f, 28c, 31, and 44c displayed comparable even better potency with that of Imatinib in enzymatic assay and cell assays including K562 cells and adriamycin-resistant K562/A cells. Moreover, compounds 9f, 28c, and 44c exhibited potent inhibition activities against K562R cells bearing T315I mutant with IC50 of 13.35 μM, 40.14 μM, and 1.91 μM, respectively, outperforming that of Imatinib. Meanwhile, the inhibition of Bcr-Abl activity in Ba/F3 cells demonstrated that these compounds exerted effects mainly by acting on Bcr-Abl. Additionally, compounds 9f, 28c, and 44c effectively induced apoptosis, arrest the cell cycle at S or G2/M phase, and inhibited phosphorylation of Bcr-Abl and STAT5 in a dose-dependent manner. Docking studies indicated that trizole indeed retained the hydrophobic interaction of aromatic heterocycles with hinge region, and ADME prediction suggested that tested compounds had a favorable safety profile. Therefore, aromatic heterocycles incorporated with trizole could serve as a promising HBM for Bcr-Abl inhibitors with proline as fexibile linker, and compounds 9f, 28c, especially 44c could be served as a starting point for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China.
| | - Nanxin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Yuying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Qingqing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
| | - Xueying Liu
- School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, No.169 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.76 Yanta West Road, Xi'an, 710061, PR China
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BCR-ABL1 Tyrosine Kinase Complex Signaling Transduction: Challenges to Overcome Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010215. [PMID: 35057108 PMCID: PMC8780254 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The constitutively active BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase, found in t(9;22)(q34;q11) chromosomal translocation-derived leukemia, initiates an extremely complex signaling transduction cascade that induces a strong state of resistance to chemotherapy. Targeted therapies based on tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as imatinib, dasatinib, nilotinib, bosutinib, and ponatinib, have revolutionized the treatment of BCR-ABL1-driven leukemia, particularly chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). However, TKIs do not cure CML patients, as some develop TKI resistance and the majority relapse upon withdrawal from treatment. Importantly, although BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase is necessary to initiate and establish the malignant phenotype of Ph-related leukemia, in the later advanced phase of the disease, BCR-ABL1-independent mechanisms are also in place. Here, we present an overview of the signaling pathways initiated by BCR-ABL1 and discuss the major challenges regarding immunologic/pharmacologic combined therapies.
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Wang X, Wang Y, Li X, Yu Z, Song C, Du Y. Nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals: target, mechanism of action, and their SAR studies. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1650-1671. [PMID: 34778767 PMCID: PMC8528211 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00131k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The nitrile group is an important functional group widely found in both pharmaceutical agents and natural products. More than 30 nitrile-containing pharmaceuticals have been approved by the FDA for the management of a broad range of clinical conditions in the last few decades. Incorporation of a nitrile group into lead compounds has gradually become a promising strategy in rational drug design as it can bring additional benefits including enhanced binding affinity to the target, improved pharmacokinetic profile of parent drugs, and reduced drug resistance. This paper reviews the existing drugs with a nitrile moiety that have been approved or in clinical trials, involving their targets, molecular mechanism of pharmacology and SAR studies, and classifies them into different categories based on their clinical usages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yuanxun Wang
- National Institution of Biological Sciences, Beijing No. 7 Science Park Road, Zhongguancun Life Science Park Beijing 102206 China
| | - Xuemin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Zhenyang Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Chun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University Qingdao City Shandong Province 266237 China
| | - Yunfei Du
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
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