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Zheng Y, Chen Z, Yang J, Zheng J, Shui X, Yan Y, Huang S, Liang Z, Lei W, He Y. The Role of Hyperuricemia in Cardiac Diseases: Evidence, Controversies, and Therapeutic Strategies. Biomolecules 2024; 14:753. [PMID: 39062467 PMCID: PMC11274514 DOI: 10.3390/biom14070753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperuricemia (HUA) may lead to myocardial cell damage, thereby promoting the occurrence and adverse outcomes of heart diseases. In this review, we discuss the latest clinical research progress, and explore the impact of HUA on myocardial damage-related diseases such as myocardial infarction, arrhythmias, and heart failure. We also combined recent findings from basic research to analyze potential mechanisms linking HUA with myocardial injury. In different pathological models (such as direct action of high uric acid on myocardial cells or combined with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model), HUA may cause damage by activating the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome-induced inflammatory response, interfering with cardiac cell energy metabolism, affecting antioxidant defense systems, and stimulating reactive oxygen species production to enhance the oxidative stress response, ultimately resulting in decreased cardiac function. Additionally, we discuss the impact of lowering uric acid intervention therapy and potential safety issues that may arise. However, as the mechanism underlying HUA-induced myocardial injury is poorly defined, further research is warranted to aid in the development novel therapeutic strategies for HUA-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Zhirui Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jinya Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53715, USA;
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China;
| | - Yiguang Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Shian Huang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zheng Liang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wei Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yuan He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China; (Y.Z.); (Z.C.); (J.Y.); (Y.Y.)
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
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Zheng H, Liang X, Liu B, Huang X, Shen Y, Lin F, Chen J, Gao X, He H, Li W, Hu B, Li X, Zhang Y. Exosomal miR-9-5p derived from iPSC-MSCs ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by inhibiting cardiomyocyte senescence. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:195. [PMID: 38643173 PMCID: PMC11032595 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02421-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used for tumor treatment. Nonetheless its clinical application is heavily limited by its cardiotoxicity. There is accumulated evidence that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) can protect against Dox-induced cardiomyopathy (DIC). This study aimed to examine the cardioprotective effects of EXOs isolated from human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPSC-MSCs) against DIC and explore the potential mechanisms. EXOs were isolated from the cultural supernatant of human BM-MSCs (BM-MSC-EXOs) and iPSC-MSCs (iPSC-MSC-EXOs) by ultracentrifugation. A mouse model of DIC was induced by intraperitoneal injection of Dox followed by tail vein injection of PBS, BM-MSC-EXOs, or iPSC-MSC-EXOs. Cardiac function, cardiomyocyte senescence and mitochondrial dynamics in each group were assessed. In vitro, neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes (NMCMs) were subjected to Dox and treated with BM-MSC-EXOs or iPSC-MSC-EXOs. The mitochondrial morphology and cellular senescence of NMCMs were examined by Mitotracker staining and senescence-associated-β-galactosidase assay, respectively. Compared with BM-MSC-EXOs, mice treated with iPSC-MSC-EXOs displayed improved cardiac function and decreased cardiomyocyte mitochondrial fragmentation and senescence. In vitro, iPSC-MSC-EXOs were superior to BM-MSC-EXOs in attenuation of cardiomyocyte mitochondrial fragmentation and senescence caused by DOX. MicroRNA sequencing revealed a higher level of miR-9-5p in iPSC-MSC-EXOs than BM-MSC-EXOs. Mechanistically, iPSC-MSC-EXOs transported miR-9-5p into DOX-treated cardiomyocytes, thereby suppressing cardiomyocyte mitochondrial fragmentation and senescence via regulation of the VPO1/ERK signal pathway. These protective effects and cardioprotection against DIC were largely reversed by knockdown of miR-9-5p in iPSC-MSC-EXOs. Our results showed that miR-9-5p transferred by iPSC-MSC-EXOs protected against DIC by alleviating cardiomyocyte senescence via inhibition of the VPO1/ERK pathway. This study offers new insight into the application of iPSC-MSC-EXOs as a novel therapeutic strategy for DIC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Zheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Baojuan Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xinran Huang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Lin
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research Center, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiwei He
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weifeng Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bei Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuelin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Mu J, Xu W, Huang Z, Jia Q. Encapsulating copper nanoclusters in 3D metal-organic frameworks to boost fluorescence for bio-enzyme sensing, inhibitor screening, and light-emitting diode fabrication. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2023.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
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Tang X, Nishimura A, Ariyoshi K, Nishiyama K, Kato Y, Vasileva EA, Mishchenko NP, Fedoreyev SA, Stonik VA, Kim HK, Han J, Kanda Y, Umezawa K, Urano Y, Akaike T, Nishida M. Echinochrome Prevents Sulfide Catabolism-Associated Chronic Heart Failure after Myocardial Infarction in Mice. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:52. [PMID: 36662225 PMCID: PMC9863521 DOI: 10.3390/md21010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal sulfide catabolism, especially the accumulation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) during hypoxic or inflammatory stresses, is a major cause of redox imbalance-associated cardiac dysfunction. Polyhydroxynaphtoquinone echinochrome A (Ech-A), a natural pigment of marine origin found in the shells and needles of many species of sea urchins, is a potent antioxidant and inhibits acute myocardial ferroptosis after ischemia/reperfusion, but the chronic effect of Ech-A on heart failure is unknown. Reactive sulfur species (RSS), which include catenated sulfur atoms, have been revealed as true biomolecules with high redox reactivity required for intracellular energy metabolism and signal transduction. Here, we report that continuous intraperitoneal administration of Ech-A (2.0 mg/kg/day) prevents RSS catabolism-associated chronic heart failure after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Ech-A prevented left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and structural remodeling after MI. Fluorescence imaging revealed that intracellular RSS level was reduced after MI, while H2S/HS- level was increased in LV myocardium, which was attenuated by Ech-A. This result indicates that Ech-A suppresses RSS catabolism to H2S/HS- in LV myocardium after MI. In addition, Ech-A reduced oxidative stress formation by MI. Ech-A suppressed RSS catabolism caused by hypoxia in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and human iPS cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Ech-A also suppressed RSS catabolism caused by lipopolysaccharide stimulation in macrophages. Thus, Ech-A has the potential to improve chronic heart failure after MI, in part by preventing sulfide catabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokang Tang
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akiyuki Nishimura
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Kohei Ariyoshi
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Nishiyama
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Elena A. Vasileva
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Natalia P. Mishchenko
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Sergey A. Fedoreyev
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Valentin A. Stonik
- G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Hyoung-Kyu Kim
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki 210-9501, Japan
| | - Keitaro Umezawa
- Research Team for Mechanism of Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Urano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Luan F, Rao Z, Peng L, Lei Z, Zeng J, Peng X, Yang R, Liu R, Zeng N. Cinnamic acid preserves against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppression of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 100:154047. [PMID: 35320770 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cinnamic acid (CA) is an active organic acid compound extracted from Cinnamomi ramulus that has various biological activities. There is growing studies have shown that the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome significantly contributes to sterile inflammatory response and pyroptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/RI). However, whether CA has any influence on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis during MI/RI are not fully elucidated. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated whether NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis were involved in the cardioprotective effect of CA against MI/RI. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered either with CA (75 and 150 mg/kg, daily) or vehicle for 7 successive days prior to ligation of coronary artery, and then rats were subjected to ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min to evoke MI/RI. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that CA could significantly improve cardiac diastolic function, decrease cardiac infarct size and myocardial injury enzymes, inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis, attenuate cardiac structure abnormality, and mitigate oxidative stress and inflammatory response. We also found that MI/RI activate NLRP3 inflammasome as evidenced by the upregulation levels of NLRP3, pro-caspase-1, caspase-1, and ASC proteins and mRNA. More importantly, MI/RI trigger pyroptosis as indicated by increased DNA fragmentation, membrane pore formation, and mitochondrial swelling as well as increased levels of pyroptosis-related proteins and mRNA, including GSDMD, N-GSDMD, IL-18, and IL-1β. As expected, all these deleterious alterations were prominently reversed by CA pretreatment. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that CA effectively protected cardiomyocytes against MI/RI by inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway, and it is worthy of more investigations for its therapeutic potential for extenuating ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Zhili Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Lixia Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Ziqin Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Jiuseng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Xi Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Ruocong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China
| | - Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
| | - Nan Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 611137, China.
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Li T, Liu B, Luo XJ, Peng J. VPO1/HOCl/ERK pathway mediates the right ventricular remodeling in rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 723:109267. [PMID: 35483433 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular (RV) remodeling is a major feature of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Vascular peroxidase 1 (VPO1) is reported to participate in the process of PAH. This study aims to explore whether VPO1 contributes to hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy and the underlying mechanisms. SD rats were exposure to continuous hypoxia (10% O2) for 3 weeks, which showed RV hypertrophy (increases in the ratio of RV weight to tibia length, cardiac cell size and hypertrophic markers), concomitant with upregulation of VPO1, elevation in hypochlorous acid (HOCl) production and ERK phosphorylation. In hypoxia (3% O2)-induced hypertrophic H9c2 cells, similar characteristics of cardiac hypertrophy to that of hypoxia-treated rats were observed. Administration of VPO1 siRNA or NaHS (the HOCl inhibitor) suppressed HOCl production, ERK phosphorylation, and cardiac hypertrophy. Replacement of hypoxia with NaClO (exogenous HOCl) could also induce cardiac cell hypertrophy and activate ERK signaling pathway. In addition, hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy could be blocked by PD98059 (the ERK-specific inhibitor). Based on these observations, we conclude that VPO1 promotes RV remodeling in PAH rats through catalyzing HOCl production, leading to the activation of ERK signaling. Thus, VPO1 may have the potential as a therapeutic target for PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; Department of Pharmacy, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250033, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
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