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Cyclodextrin Multicomponent Complexes: Pharmaceutical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13071099. [PMID: 34371790 PMCID: PMC8309128 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) are naturally available water-soluble cyclic oligosaccharides widely used as carriers in the pharmaceutical industry for their ability to modulate several properties of drugs through the formation of drug-CD complexes. The addition of an auxiliary substance when forming multicomponent complexes is an adequate strategy to enhance complexation efficiency and to facilitate the therapeutic applicability of different drugs. This review discusses multicomponent complexation using amino acids; organic acids and bases; and water-soluble polymers as auxiliary excipients. Special attention is given to improved properties by including information on the solubility, dissolution, permeation, stability and bioavailability of several relevant drugs. In addition, the use of multicomponent CD complexes to enhance therapeutic drug effects is summarized.
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Li W, Cang S, Sun Z, Bi K, Li Q, Li Z, Liu R. Development of an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantitative analysis of macromolecular pharmaceutical adjuvant 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and active pharmaceutical ingredients butylphthalide in rat plasma. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:2680-2692. [PMID: 33971083 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin, which possesses a high water solubility and low hemolycity, is widely used as a solubilizer and an excipient. It had also been reported that hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin has the activity of regulating lipid homeostasis. In order to further understand the metabolism, the primary focus was to establish a quantitative method for hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. The analytes were extracted from plasma by protein precipitation with methanol and then carried out on a Waters CORTECS T3 column in the gradient elution of pure water and methanol. Finally, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was applied in multiple reaction monitoring mode to complete the quantitative analysis of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. This validated method had been successfully applied to investigate the interaction between hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and butylphthalide in vivo by optimizing the extraction reagent, simplifying the experimental procedure, and improving the sensitivity while considering the difference of drug chemical properties. Results showed that the inclusion of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin with butylphthalide significantly improved the pharmacokinetic behavior of free body hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and 3-n-butylphthalide in vivo. It had been implied that the metabolism of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and the drug active ingredients could impact each other. It will help better application of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and the developed method might lay the foundation for development of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as a treatment drug for brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Song Cang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Zuojing Li
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Ran Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P. R. China.,School of Applied Chemistry and Biological Technology, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen, P. R. China
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Joset A, Grammenos A, Hoebeke M, Leyh B. Investigation of the interaction between a β-cyclodextrin and DMPC liposomes: a small angle neutron scattering study. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-015-0558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Xi J, Qian D, Duan J, Liu P, Zhu Z, Guo J, Zhang Y, Pan Y. Preparation, Characterization and Pharmacokinetic Study of Xiangfu Siwu Decoction Essential Oil/β-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex. Molecules 2015; 20:10705-20. [PMID: 26065835 PMCID: PMC6272591 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Xiang-Fu-Si-Wu Decoction (XFSWD), a famous Chinese herbal formula, is considered an effective prescription for treating primary dysmenorrhea. The essential oil is a significant effective ingredient of XFSWD. However, its volatility, instability and poor water-solubility influence its pharmacodynamic effects. β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) has the intrinsic ability to form specific inclusion complexes with such drugs to enhance their stability, solubility and bioavailability. The aim of this study was thus to compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics and the oral bioavailability of XFSWD essential oil (XEO) and its β-CD inclusion complex after oral administration to rats. A simple, rapid, and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of five active components of XEO in rat plasma. The in vivo data showed that XEO/β-CD inclusion complex displayed higher maximum plasma concentration (Cmax), longer half-time (T1/2) and bigger area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0–24 h). These results demonstrated that the formation of β-CD inclusion complex has significantly increased the oral bioavailability of the drugs in rats than free oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzuan Xi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dawei Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Pei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Yang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Ying Pan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Loftsson T, Moya-Ortega MD, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A. Pharmacokinetics of cyclodextrins and drugs after oral and parenteral administration of drug/cyclodextrin complexes. J Pharm Pharmacol 2015; 68:544-55. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The objective of the present study was to shed some light on pharmacokinetics of cyclodextrins (CDs) and drugs after oral and parenteral administration of inclusion complexes.
Key findings
The complex binding constant in water can predict pharmacokinetics after parenteral administration, but it has to be considered in the context of the physiological environment, where plasma proteins compete with CDs for drug binding. Neither drug/CD nor drug/protein complexes can extravasate, but differently from proteins, CDs are readily cleared through glomerular filtration. In such intricate interrelationships, for complexes with low-to-mid binding constant, binding of drug to plasma proteins will mainly dictate the pharmacokinetics. Oppositely, for drugs showing large CD complex binding constant and low protein binding, significant decrease in distribution volume and enhanced excretion of unmetabolized drug are observed; thus, relevant changes in bioavailability can be predicted. In the case of oral administration, volume for dilution/dissolution of the complexes is relatively low and hence excess CD can hamper drug absorption from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Summary
CDs are well-established multipurpose excipients for overcoming organoleptic and biopharmaceutical deficiencies of a variety of drugs. Balances between free and complexed drug in the GI tract and between drug–CD binding and drug–protein binding in plasma seem to play a relevant role in drug pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsteinn Loftsson
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Maria D Moya-Ortega
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Alam MA, Al-Jenoobi FI, Al-mohizea AM. Commercially bioavailable proprietary technologies and their marketed products. Drug Discov Today 2013; 18:936-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Physicochemical characterization and pharmacokinetics evaluation of β-caryophyllene/β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex. Int J Pharm 2013; 450:304-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 5-hydroxy, 5-substituted-pyrimidine-2,4,6-triones as potent inhibitors of gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9. Eur J Med Chem 2012; 58:368-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.09.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Abstract
The oral route is preferred by patients for drug administration due to its convenience, resulting in improved compliance. Unfortunately, for a number of drugs (e.g., anticancer drugs), this route of administration remains a challenge. Oral chemotherapy may be an attractive option and especially appropriate for chronic treatment of cancer. However, this route of administration is particularly complicated for the administration of anticancer drugs ascribed to Class IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System. This group of compounds is characterized by low aqueous solubility and low intestinal permeability. This review focuses on the use of cyclodextrins alone or in combination with bioadhesive nanoparticles for oral delivery of drugs. The state-of-the-art technology and challenges in this area is also discussed.
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Nagel S, Heinemann P, Heiland S, Koziol J, Gardner H, Wagner S. Selective MMP-inhibition with Ro 28-2653 in acute experimental stroke – a magnetic resonance imaging efficacy study. Brain Res 2011; 1368:264-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Revised: 10/14/2010] [Accepted: 10/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang X, Zou M, Li S, Chen X, Zhong D. Bioavailability of clarithromycin cyclodextrin ternary complexes upon oral administration to healthy beagle dogs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2008; 34:1048-53. [PMID: 18608469 DOI: 10.1080/03639040801937474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The dissolution profiles of clarithromycin (CLM) and its beta-cyclodextrin-citric acid ternary complexes (CTC) were examined. CTC showed an enhanced dissolution rate in pH 6.8 phosphate buffers. The relative bioavailability was evaluated by comparing area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of the pure CLM with that of its cyclodextrin-citric acid ternary complexes those were filled into hard gelatin capsules. To compare the pharmacokinetic behavior, both plasma levels of parent compound and the active metabolite 14-OH-CLM concentrations were estimated. The relative bioavailability value as the ratios of CLM of mean total AUC for CTC relative to CLM was 120.3%. The relative bioavailability value as the ratios of 14-OH CLM of mean total AUC for CTC relative to CLM was 95.3%. The results suggest that the absorption of CTC in beagle dogs was slightly improved because of the enhanced dissolution rate of CTC at pH 6.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangrong Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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Buggins TR, Dickinson PA, Taylor G. The effects of pharmaceutical excipients on drug disposition. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2007; 59:1482-503. [PMID: 18198495 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2007.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Many new chemical entities are poorly soluble, requiring the use of co-solvents or excipients to produce suitable intravenous formulations for early pre-clinical development studies. There is some evidence in the literature that these formulation components can have significant physiological and physicochemical effects which may alter the distribution and elimination of co-administered drugs. Such effects have the potential to influence the results of pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies, giving a false impression of a compound's intrinsic pharmacokinetics and frustrating attempts to predict the drug's ultimate clinical pharmacokinetics. This review describes the reported effects of commonly used co-solvents and excipients on drug pharmacokinetics and on physiological systems which are likely to influence drug disposition. Such information will be useful in study design and evaluating data from pharmacokinetic experiments, so that the potential influence of formulation components can be minimised.
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Contribution of cyclodextrins in the development of different pharmaceutical formulations of a new matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-006-9177-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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