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Rodriguez N, Grosso M, Galvez B, Calderon G, Lau L, Turner VA, Hidalgo IJ. Evaluation of the In-Vitro Dissolution Permeation Systems 1 (IDAS1) as a potential tool to monitor for unexpected changes in generic medicaments in poorly regulated markets. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 161:105791. [PMID: 33691154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Panama, like most Latin American countries, has insufficient regulatory safeguards to ensure the safety and efficacy of all pharmaceutical products in the market, a situation that results in a two-tier system, where affluent citizens can afford innovator products while poor citizens must consume 'generics' of uncertain quality. Given that one lot of each drug product is analyzed every five years during registration while commercial lots are not, and since most products are not bioequivalent but simply copies or similars, there is a concern that commercial and registration lots of these 'generics' may not be of the same quality. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of various in vitro quality control tests to detect difference among five amlodipine products available in the Panamanian market: four 'generics', made in various countries, and the innovator, made in Germany and used as reference listed drug in Panama (Pan-RLD). The innovator manufactured in the United States (US-RLD) was used to compare the two RLDs. The Content Uniformity test, 30-min Dissolution test and multiple-pH Dissolution Profiles did not show any difference among the products. However, the in vitro dissolution absorption system 1 (IDAS1) showed a statistically significant difference in the amount dissolved between Pan-RLD and three out of the four 'generics', and significantly lower permeated amount for all the 'generics' compared with Pan-RLD; only US-RLD was similar to Pan-RLD. Thus, IDAS1 showed promise as a potential tool that authorities in weakly regulated markets can use to monitor for possible lot-to-lot product changes, which can help improve the quality of pharmaceutical products available to their entire populations. The significance of the similarity between the innovators made in Germany and the United States and their difference from the 'generics' (manufactured in other countries) is not known but deserves investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Rodriguez
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; School of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Manuel Grosso
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Medipan, S.A., Buena Vista, Colón, Rep. Panama
| | - Blanca Galvez
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Medipan, S.A., Buena Vista, Colón, Rep. Panama
| | - Ginna Calderon
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Lily Lau
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama
| | - Vilma A Turner
- Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; School of Pharmacy, University of Panama, Panama City, Panama
| | - Ismael J Hidalgo
- Absorption Systems Panama, City of Knowledge, Clayton, Panama City, Panama; Current address: Departamento de Farmacia y Drogas, Ministerio de Salud, Panama City, Panama; Absorption Systems, L.P., Exton, PA; To Whom correspondence should be addressed
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Thakral NK, Meister E, Jankovsky C, Li L, Schwabe R, Luo L, Chen S. Prediction of in vivo supersaturation and precipitation of poorly water-soluble drugs: Achievements and aspirations. Int J Pharm 2021; 600:120505. [PMID: 33753162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on options available to a pharmaceutical scientist to predict in vivo supersaturation and precipitation of poorly water-soluble drugs. As no single device or system can simulate the complex gastrointestinal environment, a combination of appropriate in vitro tools may be utilized to get optimal predictive information. To address the empirical issues encountered during small-scale and full-scale in vitro predictive testing, theoretical background and relevant case studies are discussed. The practical considerations for selection of appropriate tools at various stages of drug development are recommended. Upcoming technologies that have potential to further reduce in vivo studies and expedite the drug development process are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen K Thakral
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States.
| | - Eva Meister
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Corinne Jankovsky
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Li Li
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States; Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, 4849 Calhoun Road, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Robert Schwabe
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Laibin Luo
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
| | - Shirlynn Chen
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 900 Ridgebury Road, Ridgefield, CT 06877, United States
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Co-Amorphous Formulations of Furosemide with Arginine and P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor Drugs. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020171. [PMID: 33514009 PMCID: PMC7912042 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the amino acid arginine (ARG) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors verapamil hydrochloride (VER), piperine (PIP) and quercetin (QRT) were used as co-formers for co-amorphous mixtures of a Biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) class IV drug, furosemide (FUR). FUR mixtures with VER, PIP and QRT were prepared by solvent evaporation, and mixtures with ARG were prepared by spray drying in 1:1 and 1:2 molar ratios. The solid-state properties of the mixtures were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in stability studies under different storage conditions. Simultaneous dissolution/permeation studies were conducted in side-by-side diffusion cells with a PAMPA (parallel artificial membrane permeability assay) membrane as a permeation barrier. It was observed with XRPD that ARG, VER and PIP formed co-amorphous mixtures with FUR at both molar ratios. DSC and FTIR revealed single glass transition values for the mixtures (except for FUR:VER 1:2), with the formation of intermolecular interactions between the components, especially salt formation between FUR and ARG. The co-amorphous mixtures were found to be stable for at least two months under an elevated temperature/humidity, except FUR:ARG 1:2, which was sensitive to humidity. The dissolution/permeation studies showed that only the co-amorphous FUR:ARG mixtures were able to enhance both the dissolution and permeation of FUR. Thus, it is concluded that formulating co-amorphous salts with ARG may be a promising option for poorly soluble/permeable FUR.
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Gao J, Zeng X, Zhao W, Chen D, Liu J, Zhang N, Duan X. Influence of astragaloside IV on pharmacokinetics of triptolide in rats and its potential mechanism. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:253-256. [PMID: 32233814 PMCID: PMC7170367 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2019.1702705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Context: It is common to combine two or more drugs in clinics in China. Triptolide (TP) has been used primarily for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has been applied with many other drugs, due to its various pharmacological effects. AS-IV and TP can be used together for the treatment of diseases in clinics in China.Objective: This study investigates the effects of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on the pharmacokinetics of TP in rats and its potential mechanism.Materials and methods: The pharmacokinetics of orally administered triptolide (2 mg/kg) with or without AS-IV pre-treatment (100 mg/kg/day for 7 d) were investigated. Additionally, the effects of AS-IV on the transport of triptolide were investigated using the Caco-2 cell transwell model.Results: The results indicated that when the rats were pre-treated with AS-IV, the Cmax of triptolide decreased from 418.78 ± 29.36 to 351.31 ± 38.88 ng/mL, and the AUC0-t decreased from 358.83 ± 19.56 to 252.23 ± 15.75 μg/h/L. The Caco-2 cell transwell experiments indicated that AS-IV could increase the efflux ratio of TP from 2.37 to 2.91 through inducing the activity of P-gp.Discussion and conclusions: In conclusion, AS-IV could decrease the system exposure of triptolide when they are co-administered, and it might work through decreasing the absorption of triptolide by inducing the activity of P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Image, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiangmin Zeng
- Department of Image, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Ultrasonography, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- Department of Image, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Shandong, China
| | - Xingliang Duan
- Department of Emergency, Weifang People’s Hospital, Shandong, China
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Scholz I, Liakoni E, Hammann F, Grafinger KE, Duthaler U, Nagler M, Krähenbühl S, Haschke M. Effects of Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban in humans. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:1466-1474. [PMID: 32959922 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the influence of a cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 and efflux transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inducing Hypericum perforatum extract on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rivaroxaban. METHODS Open-label, nonrandomized, sequential treatment interaction study. Following CYP3A4 and P-gp phenotyping using low-dose midazolam and fexofenadine, 12 healthy volunteers received a single oral dose of 20 mg rivaroxaban and rivaroxaban plasma concentrations and inhibition of the activated coagulation factor X (factor Xa) activity were measured prior to and up to 48 h postdosing. The procedures were repeated after 2 weeks' treatment with the H. perforatum extract. RESULTS The geometric mean ratios for the area under the concentration-time curve and Cmax of rivaroxaban after/before induction with the H. perforatum extract were 0.76 (90% confidence interval [CI] 0.70, 0.82) and 0.86 (90% CI 0.76, 0.97), respectively. Inhibition of factor Xa activity was reduced with a geometric mean area under the effect-time curve ratio after/before induction of 0.80 (90% CI 0.71, 0.89). No clinically significant differences were found regarding Tmax (median 1.5 vs 1 h, P = .26) and terminal elimination half-life (mean 10.6 vs 10.8 h, P = .93) of rivaroxaban. The H. perforatum extract significantly induced CYP3A4 and P-gp activity, as evidenced by phenotyping. CONCLUSION The CYP3A4/P-gp inducing H. perforatum extract caused a decrease of rivaroxaban exposure with a proportional decrease of the pharmacodynamic effect. Although the data do not justify a contraindication for the combination or a systematic adjustment of rivaroxaban dosage, avoidance of the combination or laboratory monitoring should be considered in patients taking hyperforin-containing H. perforatum extracts with rivaroxaban.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Scholz
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Evangelia Liakoni
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Hammann
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Elisabeth Grafinger
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Urs Duthaler
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Nagler
- University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Krähenbühl
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Manuel Haschke
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Institute of Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland
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Higashino H, Minami K, Kataoka M, Tomimori N, Rogi T, Shibata H, Yamashita S. Control of oral absorption of nutritional supplement using lipid-based formulations (LBFs): Application to the poorly water-soluble ingredient. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Hens B, Kataoka M, Ueda K, Gao P, Tsume Y, Augustijns P, Kawakami K, Yamashita S. Biopredictive in vitro testing methods to assess intestinal drug absorption from supersaturating dosage forms. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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8
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Liu L, Li P, Qiao L, Li X. Effects of astragaloside IV on the pharmacokinetics of puerarin in rats. Xenobiotica 2019; 49:1173-1177. [PMID: 29790819 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1480819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
| | - Pihong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lujun Qiao
- Department of ICU, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, China
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Eleftheriadis GK, Mantelou P, Karavasili C, Chatzopoulou P, Katsantonis D, Irakli M, Mygdalia A, Vizirianakis IS, Fatouros DG. Development and Characterization of a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System Comprised of Rice Bran Oil for Poorly Soluble Drugs. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:78. [PMID: 30635752 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1274-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability are limiting factors in the oral delivery of lipophilic drugs. In a formulation approach to overcome these limitations, rice bran (RB) oil was evaluated as drug carrier in the development of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS). The performance of RB in formulations incorporating Kolliphor RH40 or Kolliphor EL as surfactants and Transcutol HP as cosolvent was compared to a common oil vehicle, corn oil (CO). Serial dilutions of the preconcentrates were performed in various media [distilled water and simulated intestinal fluids mimicking fasted state (FaSSIF) and fed state (FeSSIF)] and at different dilution ratios to simulate the in vivo droplets' behavior. The developed SNEDDS were assessed by means of phase separation, droplet size, polydispersity index, and ζ-potential. Complex ternary diagrams were constructed to identify compositions exhibiting monophasic behavior, droplet size < 100 nm, and polydispersity index (PDI) < 0.25. Multifactor analysis and response surface areas intended to determine the factors significantly affecting droplet size. The oil capacity to accommodate lipophilic drugs was assessed via fluorescence spectroscopy based on the solvatochromic behavior of Nile Red. Solubility studies were performed to prepare fenofibrate- and itraconazole-loaded SNEDDS and assess their droplet size, whereas dissolution experiments were conducted in simulated intestinal fluids. Caco-2 cell viability studies confirmed the safety of the SNEDDS formulations at 1:100 and 1:1000 dilutions after cell exposure in culture for 4 h. The obtained results showed similar performance between RB and CO supporting the potential of RB as oil vehicle for the effective oral delivery of lipophilic compounds.
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Wang Z, Chen D, Wang Z. Effects of diclofenac on the pharmacokinetics of celastrol in rats and its transport. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2018; 56:269-274. [PMID: 29651912 PMCID: PMC6130456 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2018.1459740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Diclofenac and celastrol are always used together for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; the herb-drug interaction potential between diclofenac and celastrol is still unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the effects of diclofenac on the pharmacokinetics of celastrol in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups and received celastrol (1 mg/kg) or both celastrol (1 mg/kg) and diclofenac (10 mg/kg) by oral gavage, and blood samples were collected via the oculi chorioideae vein and determined using the LC-MS method developed in this study. Additionally, the effects of diclofenac on the transport of celastrol were investigated using a Caco-2 cell transwell model. RESULTS Diclofenac could significantly (p < 0.05) decrease the Cmax (from 66.93 ± 10.28 to 41.25 ± 8.06 ng/mL) and AUC0-t (from 765.84 ± 163.61 to 451.33 ± 110.88 μg × h/L) of celastrol in rats. The efflux ratio of celastrol increased significantly (p < 0.05) from 3.12 to 4.55 with the treatment of diclofenac. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results indicated that diclofenac could decrease the system exposure of celastrol in rats when they are co-administered, and these effects might be exerted via decreasing its absorption in intestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengfu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, P. R. China
| | - Dali Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yidu Central Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, P. R. China
| | - Zhongwei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, P. R. China
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11
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Yang Y, Yin Y, Zhang J, Zuo T, Liang X, Li J, Shen Q. Folate and Borneol Modified Bifunctional Nanoparticles for Enhanced Oral Absorption. Pharmaceutics 2018; 10:pharmaceutics10030146. [PMID: 30181518 PMCID: PMC6161164 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics10030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral delivery is considered the preferred route of administration due to its convenience and favorable compliance. Here, docetaxel (DTX) loaded polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles, coated with polyethyleneimine⁻folic acid (PEI-FA) and polyethyleneimine⁻borneol (PEI-BO), were designed to enhance oral absorption (FA/BO-PLGA-NPs). The FA/BO-PLGA-NPs were spherical and smooth with an average size of (137.0 ± 2.1) nm. Encapsulation efficiency (EE%) and drug loading (DL%) were (80.3 ± 1.8)% and (2.3 ± 0.3)%, respectively. In vitro release studies showed that approximately 62.1% of DTX was released from FA/BO-PLGA-NPs in media at pH 7.4. The reverted gut sac method showed that the absorption of FA/BO-PLGA-NPs in the intestines was approximately 6.0 times that of DTX. Moreover, cellular uptake suggested that the obtained FA/BO-PLGA-NPs could be efficiently internalized into Caco-2 cells via FA-mediated active targeting and BO-mediated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibition. Pharmacokinetics study demonstrated that after oral administration of DTX at a dose of 10 mg/kg in FA/BO-PLGA-NPs, the bioavailability of FA/BO-PLGA-NPs was enhanced by approximately 6.8-fold compared with that of DTX suspension. FA/BO-PLGA-NPs caused no obvious irritation to the intestines. Overall, the FA/BO-PLGA-NP formulation remarkably improved the oral bioavailability of DTX and exhibited a promising perspective in oral drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yunzhi Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Tiantian Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xiao Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Jing Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Qi Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China.
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Liu Y, Guo T, Wang L. Using the lentiviral vector system to stably express chicken P-gp and BCRP in MDCK cells for screening the substrates and studying the interplay of both transporters. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2027-2042. [PMID: 29725709 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2209-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Transporters P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) are known to influence the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of substrate drugs. However, no detailed information is as yet available about functional activity and substrate spectra of chicken P-gp and BCRP. In this study, BCRP single and BCRP/P-gp double-transfected MDCK cell lines (named MDCK-chAbcg2 and MDCK-chAbcg2/Abcb1, respectively) were generated using lentiviral vector system to develop reliable systems for screening the substrates for these two transporters and study the interplay between them. The constructed cell lines significantly expressed functional exogenous proteins and expression persisted for at least 50 generations with no decrease. Enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tilmicosin, sulfadiazine, ampicillin and clindamycin were classified as the substrates of chicken P-gp according to the rules suggested by FDA, as their net efflux ratios were greater than two. Similarly, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tilmicosin, florfenicol, ampicillin and clindamycin were classified as the substrates of BCRP. Among these drugs, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tilmicosin, ampicillin, and clindamycin were the cosubstrates of P-gp and BCRP, however, chicken BCRP and P-gp exhibit different affinities to the shared substrates at different concentrations by blocking either one or both transport with specific inhibitors in the coexpression system. It was also found that ceftiofur, amoxicillin and doxycycline were not substrates of either chicken BCRP or the substrates of chicken P-gp. These constructed cell models provide useful systems for high-throughput screening of the potential substrates of chicken BCRP and P-gp as well as the drug-drug interaction mediated via chicken BCRP and P-gp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Guo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1# Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Tsai D, Jamal JA, Davis JS, Lipman J, Roberts JA. Interethnic differences in pharmacokinetics of antibacterials. Clin Pharmacokinet 2015; 54:243-60. [PMID: 25385446 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-014-0209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal antibacterial dosing is imperative for maximising clinical outcome. Many factors can contribute to changes in the pharmacokinetics of antibacterials to the extent where dose adjustment may be needed. In acute illness, substantial changes in important pharmacokinetic parameters such as volume of distribution and clearance can occur for certain antibacterials. The possibility of interethnic pharmacokinetic differences can further complicate attempts to design an appropriate dosing regimen. Factors of ethnicity, such as genetics, body size and fat distribution, contribute to differences in absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination of drugs. Despite extensive previous work on the altered pharmacokinetics of antibacterials in some patient groups such as the critically ill, knowledge of interethnic pharmacokinetic differences for antibacterials is limited. OBJECTIVES This systematic review aims to describe any pharmacokinetic differences in antibacterials between different ethnic groups, and discuss their probable mechanisms as well as any clinical implications. METHODS We performed a structured literature review to identify and describe available data of the interethnic differences in the pharmacokinetics of antibacterials. RESULTS We found 50 articles that met our inclusion criteria and only six of these compared antibacterial pharmacokinetics between different ethnicities within the same study. Overall, there was limited evidence available. We found that interethnic pharmacokinetic differences are negligible for carbapenems, most β-lactams, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, most fluoroquinolones, linezolid and daptomycin, whereas significant difference is likely for ciprofloxacin, macrolides, clindamycin, tinidazole and some cephalosporins. In general, subjects of Asian ethnicity achieve drug exposures up to two to threefold greater than Caucasian counterparts for these antibacterials. This difference is caused by a comparatively lower volume of distribution and/or drug clearance. CONCLUSION Interethnic pharmacokinetic differences of antibacterials are likely; however, the clinical relevance of these differences is unknown and warrants further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Tsai
- Burns, Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Level 3, Ned Hanlon Building, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4029, Australia
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Ohura K, Nakada Y, Kotani S, Imai T. Design of Fexofenadine Prodrugs Based on Tissue-Specific Esterase Activity and Their Dissimilar Recognition by P-Glycoprotein. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:3076-83. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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15
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Hu Y, Sieck DE, Hsu WH. Why are second-generation H1-antihistamines minimally sedating? Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 765:100-6. [PMID: 26291661 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
H1-antihistamines are widely used in treating allergic disorders, e.g., conjunctivitis, urticaria, dermatitis and asthma. The first-generation H1-antihistamines have a much greater sedative effect than the second-generation H1-antihistamines. Researchers could not offer a satisfactory explanations until late 1990s when studies showed that second-generation H1-antihistamines were substrates of P-glycoprotein. P-glycoprotein, expressed in the blood-brain barrier, acts as an efflux pump to decrease the concentration of H1-antihistamines in the brain, which minimizes drug effects on the central nervous system and results in less sedation. P-glycoprotein is found in the apical side of the epithelium. It consists of transmembrane domains that bind substrates/drugs and nucleotide-binding domains that bind and hydrolyze ATP to generate energy for the drug efflux. This review mainly discusses interactions between P-glycoprotein and commonly used second-generation H1-antihistamines. In addition, it describes other possible determining factors of minimal sedating properties of second-generation H1-antihistamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Hu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Deidra E Sieck
- Department of Biomedical Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Walter H Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
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16
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Sugita M, Kataoka M, Sugihara M, Takeuchi S, Yamashita S. Effect of excipients on the particle size of precipitated pioglitazone in the gastrointestinal tract: impact on bioequivalence. AAPS JOURNAL 2014; 16:1119-27. [PMID: 25070482 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-014-9646-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to understand the reasons for the bioinequivalence of a newly developed generic product of pioglitazone hydrochloride and to improve its formulation so that it is equivalent to that of the reference listed drug (RLD). In this clinical study, despite a similar in vitro dissolution profile, the new oral product exhibited a lower plasma concentration of pioglitazone compared to the RLD. The strong pH-dependency of pioglitazone solubility as a weak base indicates that pioglitazone would precipitate in the small intestine after being dissolved in the stomach. Thus, in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the effect of excipients on the particle size distribution of precipitated pioglitazone. Then, the impact of particle size on in vivo absorption was discussed. The precipitated pioglitazone from the RLD showed a peak for small particles (less than 1 μm), which was not observed in the precipitate from the new product. As an excipient, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) influenced the particle size of precipitated pioglitazone, and the amount of HPC in the formulation was increased to the same level as that in the RLD. The precipitate from this improved product showed approximately the same particle size distribution as that of the RLD and successfully demonstrated bioequivalence in the clinical study. In conclusion, for drugs with low solubility, this type of analysis of the particle size distribution of precipitated drugs, in addition to the dissolution test, may help to obtain a better in vitro-in vivo correlation for oral absorption and to develop a bioequivalent product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Sugita
- Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 5-2-30 Miyahara, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka, Osaka, 532-0003, Japan,
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17
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Kostewicz ES, Abrahamsson B, Brewster M, Brouwers J, Butler J, Carlert S, Dickinson PA, Dressman J, Holm R, Klein S, Mann J, McAllister M, Minekus M, Muenster U, Müllertz A, Verwei M, Vertzoni M, Weitschies W, Augustijns P. In vitro models for the prediction of in vivo performance of oral dosage forms. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 57:342-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Higashino H, Hasegawa T, Yamamoto M, Matsui R, Masaoka Y, Kataoka M, Sakuma S, Yamashita S. In vitro-in vivo correlation of the effect of supersaturation on the intestinal absorption of BCS Class 2 drugs. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:746-54. [PMID: 24460473 DOI: 10.1021/mp400465p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to establish an in vitro method for evaluating the effect of supersaturation on oral absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs in vivo. Albendazole, dipyridamole, gefitinib, and ketoconazole were used as model drugs. Supersaturation of each drug was induced by diluting its stock solution by fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF) (solvent-shift method), then dissolution and precipitation profile of the drug was observed in vitro. The crystalline form of the precipitate was checked by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For comparison, control suspension was prepared by suspending a drug powder directly into FaSSIF (powder-suspending method). In vivo intestinal absorption of the drug was observed in rats by determined the plasma concentration after intraduodenal administration of drug suspensions. For all drugs, suspensions prepared by solvent-shift method showed significantly higher dissolved concentration in vitro than that prepared by powder-suspending method, clearly indicated the induction of supersaturation. DSC analysis revealed that crystalline form of the precipitate profoundly affects the extent and the duration of supersaturation. A rat in vivo study confirmed that the supersaturation of these drugs increased the fraction absorbed from the intestine, which corresponded well to the in vitro dissolution and precipitation profile of drugs except for ketoconazole. For ketoconazole, an in vivo absorption study was performed in rats pretreated with 1-aminobenzotriazole, a potent inhibitor of CYP mediated metabolism. CYP inhibition study suggested that the high luminal concentration of ketoconazole caused by supersaturation saturated the metabolic enzymes and further increased the systemic exposure of the absorbed drug. The additional effects of supersaturation on the absorption of ketoconazole are consistent with previous studies in humans under differing gastric pH conditions. In conclusion, effects of supersaturation on the intestinal absorption of poorly water-soluble drugs could be predicted from in vitro dissolution and a precipitation study. However if supersaturation affects the pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs, such as a first-pass metabolism, a combination with in vivo study should be required to evaluate its impact on oral bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruki Higashino
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University , 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-0101, Japan
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Development and evaluation of glyceryl behenate based solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using hot self-nanoemulsification (SNE) technique. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:361-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Kataoka M, Terashima Y, Mizuno K, Masaoka Y, Sakuma S, Yokoi T, Yamashita S. Establishment of MDCKII Cell Monolayer with Metabolic Activity by CYP3A4 Transduced with Recombinant Adenovirus. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2013; 28:125-31. [DOI: 10.2133/dmpk.dmpk-12-rg-059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Yao M, Srinivas NR. Quantification of fexofenadine in biological matrices: a review of bioanalytical methods. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:942-61. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nuggehally R. Srinivas
- Vanthys Pharmaceutical Development [P] Ltd; Phoenix Pinnacle, no. 46, 3rd Floor, Ulsoor Road; Bangalore; 560042; India
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