1
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Zhuang Y, Wang Y, Li N, Meng H, Li Z, Luo J, Qiu Z. Hydrolytic Metabolism of Withangulatin A Mediated by Serum Albumin Instead of Common Esterases in Plasma. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2023:10.1007/s13318-023-00834-8. [PMID: 37344636 DOI: 10.1007/s13318-023-00834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The oral bioavailability of withangulatin A (WA) is low and may undergo first-pass metabolism because of the presence of two esters bonds. This study aimed to identify the hydrolysis behavior and mechanism of WA, thus enriching its structure-pharmacokinetic relationship. METHODS The in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of WA in rats were first investigated, followed by in vitro assays including metabolic stability, phenotyping identification and metabolic kinetics assays. After screening out the responsible enzymes with higher catalytic capacity, molecular docking study was performed to demonstrate the interaction mode between WA and metabolic enzymes. Then, metabolites in human serum albumin (HSA) were identified by LC-TOF-MS/MS. RESULTS In rats, the oral bioavailability of WA was only 2.83%. In vitro, WA was hydrolyzed in both rat and human plasma and could not be inhibited by selective esterase inhibitors. Physiologic concentration of HSA not recombinant human carboxylesterases (rhCES) could significantly hydrolyze WA, and it had a similar hydrolytic capacity with human plasma to WA. Furthermore, WA could stably bind to HSA by forming hydrogen bonds with Lys199 and Arg410, accompanied by the metabolic reaction of the lactone ring opening. CONCLUSION The study showed that WA underwent obvious hydrolysis in rat and human plasma, which implied a strong first-pass effect. Serum albumin rather than common esterases primarily contributed to the hydrolytic metabolism of WA in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ning Li
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haitao Meng
- Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD, Nanjing Branch, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Optimization, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianguang Luo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Zhixia Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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2
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Zhang T, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Li H, Zhu G, Weng T, Huang C, Wang P, He Y, Hu J, Ge G. The roles of serine hydrolases and serum albumin in alisol B 23-acetate hydrolysis in humans. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1160665. [PMID: 37089921 PMCID: PMC10117764 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1160665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alisol B 23-acetate (AB23A), a major bioactive constituent in the Chinese herb Zexie (Rhizoma Alismatis), has been found with multiple pharmacological activities. AB23A can be readily hydrolyzed to alisol B in mammals, but the hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in humans and the key enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis are still unrevealed. This study aims to reveal the metabolic organs and the crucial enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis in human biological systems, as well as to decipher the impact of AB23A hydrolysis on its biological effects. Methods: The hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in human plasma and tissue preparations were carefully investigated by using Q-Exactive quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer and LC-UV, while the key enzymes responsible for AB23A hydrolysis were studied via performing a set of assays including reaction phenotyping assays, chemical inhibition assays, and enzyme kinetics analyses. Finally, the agonist effects of both AB23A and its hydrolytic metabolite(s) on FXR were tested at the cellular level. Results: AB23A could be readily hydrolyzed to form alisol B in human plasma, intestinal and hepatic preparations, while human butyrylcholinesterase (hBchE) and human carboxylesterases played key roles in AB23A hydrolysis in human plasma and tissue preparations, respectively. It was also found that human serum albumin (hSA) could catalyze AB23A hydrolysis, while multiple lysine residues of hSA were covalently modified by AB23A, suggesting that hSA catalyzed AB23A hydrolysis via its pseudo-esterase activity. Biological tests revealed that both AB23A and alisol B exhibited similar FXR agonist effects, indicating AB23A hydrolysis did not affect its FXR agonist effect. Discussion: This study deciphers the hydrolytic pathways of AB23A in human biological systems, which is very helpful for deep understanding of the metabolic rates of AB23A in humans, and useful for developing novel prodrugs of alisol B with desirable pharmacokinetic behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongxin Li
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanghao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Taotao Weng
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuqi He
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Nephrology, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Jing Hu,
| | - Guangbo Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical Biology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Guangbo Ge, ; Jing Hu,
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3
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Liu X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Wang Y. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed C(sp
3
)−H Diamination of Arylcyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205493. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhifan Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
- Department of Chemistry Xihua University Chengdu 610039 China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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4
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Liu X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Wang Y. Rhodium(II)‐Catalyzed C(sp
3
)−H Diamination of Arylcyclobutanes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Zhifan Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
| | - Qiwei Wang
- Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 China
- Department of Chemistry Xihua University Chengdu 610039 China
| | - Yuanhua Wang
- College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
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5
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Kono K, Nunoya KI, Nakamura Y, Bi J, Mukunoki A, Takeo T, Nakagata N, Hitoshi M, Yamaura Y, Imawaka H, Watanabe H, Maruyama T. Species Difference in Hydrolysis of an Ester-type Prodrug of Levodopa in Human and Animal Plasma: Different Contributions of Alpha-1 Acid Glycoprotein. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:1985-1991. [PMID: 33861617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c01134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we found that ONO-2160, an ester-type prodrug of levodopa (3-hydroxy-l-tyrosine), was mainly hydrolyzed in human plasma by α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) with a partial contribution of albumin. In this study, we investigated whether ONO-2160 was hydrolyzed in the plasma of preclinical species (dog, rabbit, rat, and mouse) and humans and whether AGP and albumin are involved in its hydrolysis. ONO-2160 was hydrolyzed to some extent in the plasma of all tested species with the order of magnitude mouse > human > rabbit > rat > dog. Except for dogs, ONO-2160 was partially hydrolyzed by animal AGP and albumin. This indicated that, similar to albumin, AGP possesses esterase-like activity in mice, rats, and rabbits, as well as humans. A comparison of the values of intrinsic clearance per milliliter of plasma demonstrated that AGP was the major contributor to the hydrolysis of ONO-2160 in rabbit plasma, whereas albumin was primarily responsible for the hydrolysis of ONO-2160 in mouse plasma. This was confirmed by experiments using AGP-knockout mouse plasma. This study reports the first evidence for the existence of species differences in the hydrolysis of ONO-2160 in plasma related to the different contributions of AGP and albumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kono
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Nunoya
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Jing Bi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ayumi Mukunoki
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Toru Takeo
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakagata
- Division of Reproductive Engineering, Center for Animal Resources and Development (CARD), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Maeda Hitoshi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Yamaura
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Haruo Imawaka
- Pharmacokinetic Research Laboratories, Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Osaka 618-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
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6
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Carrera C, Denisi A, Cativiela C, Urriolabeitia EP. Functionalized 1,3‐Diaminotruxillic Acids by Pd‐Mediated C–H Activation and [2+2]‐Photocycloaddition of 5(4
H
)‐Oxazolones. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Carrera
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC‐Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Antonio Denisi
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC‐Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC‐Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
| | - Esteban P. Urriolabeitia
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH) CSIC‐Universidad de Zaragoza Pedro Cerbuna 12 50009 Zaragoza Spain
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7
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Rabbani G, Ahn SN. Structure, enzymatic activities, glycation and therapeutic potential of human serum albumin: A natural cargo. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 123:979-990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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8
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Qiao H, Li B, Zhang H, Liu D, Diao H, Sun G, Xie J. Effects of the equimolarly mixed cationic–nonionic surfactants of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide and polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate 80 on serum proteins—spectroscopic study. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 187:151-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Xia Y, Pang H, Dou T, Wang P, Ge G. Interspecies comparison in the COMT-mediated methylation of 3-BTD. RSC Adv 2018; 8:16278-16284. [PMID: 35542223 PMCID: PMC9080226 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra01938j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a druggable biological target and COMT modulators have been widely applied in the treatment of various central and peripheral nervous system disorders. The interspecies differences of COMT were carefully investigated using 3-BTD (a newly developed fluorescent probe of COMT) methylation as the probe reaction, and liver S9 from humans and seven experimental animals including monkeys, dogs, mice, rats, minipigs, guinea pigs and New Zealand rabbits as the enzyme source. Metabolite profiling demonstrated that all the tested liver S9 samples from the different animals could catalyse 3-BTD methylation but displayed significant differences in reaction rate. Also, the differential effects of tolcapone (a potent inhibitor against COMT) on 3-BTD methylation among various species were observed. The apparent kinetic parameters and the maximum intrinsic clearances (Clint) for 3-BTD methylation in liver S9 from the different animals were determined, and the order of the Clint values for the formation of 3-BTD was RLS9 > DLS9 ≈ PLS9 > MLS9 > CyLS9 > RaLS9 > GpLS9 > HLS9. These findings are helpful for further exploring COMT-associated biological processes in animal models, as well as for developing therapeutic molecules that target COMT. The methylation behaviour of 3-BTD in liver S9 from eight different species was characterized with respect to the similarities and differences of their metabolic profiles, catalytic efficacy and inhibitory potency by a known chemical inhibitor.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangliu Xia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- School of Life Science and Medicine
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Huilin Pang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- School of Life Science and Medicine
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Tongyi Dou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology & Toxicology
- School of Life Science and Medicine
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicines
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Guangbo Ge
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicines
- Shanghai
- China
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10
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Ge GB, Feng L, Jin Q, Wang YR, Liu ZM, Zhu XY, Wang P, Hou J, Cui JN, Yang L. A novel substrate-inspired fluorescent probe to monitor native albumin in human plasma and living cells. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 989:71-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Jin Q, Feng L, Zhang SJ, Wang DD, Wang FJ, Zhang Y, Cui JN, Guo WZ, Ge GB, Yang L. Real-Time Tracking the Synthesis and Degradation of Albumin in Complex Biological Systems with a near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9884-9891. [PMID: 28809472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Jin
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201213, China
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- Key Laboratory
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation
of Henan Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Lei Feng
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
- College
of Pharmacy, Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shui-Jun Zhang
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Key Laboratory
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation
of Henan Province, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wang
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201213, China
| | - Fang-Jun Wang
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jing-Nan Cui
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Guo
- Department
of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guang-Bo Ge
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201213, China
- Dalian
Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Institute
of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201213, China
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12
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Abstract
DDAB (6,8-dichloro-9,9-dimethyl-7-oxo-7,9-dihydroacridin-2-yl benzoate) is a newly developed near-infrared fluorescent probe for human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE2), exhibiting high specificity and good reactivity for real-time monitoring the enzymatic activities of hCE2 in complex biological systems. In order to explore the applicability of DDAB in commonly used animal species, the interspecies difference in DDAB hydrolysis was carefully investigated by using liver microsomes from human and five experimental animals including mouse, rat, dog, minipig and monkey. Metabolite profiling demonstrated that DDAB hydrolysis could be catalyzed by all tested liver microsomes from different animals but displayed significant difference in the reaction rate. Chemical inhibition assays demonstrated that carboxylesterases (CEs) were the major enzymes involved in DDAB hydrolysis in all tested liver microsomes, indicating that DDAB was a selective substrate of CEs in a variety of mammals. However, the differential effects of loperamide (LPA, a specific inhibitor against hCE2) on DDAB hydrolysis among various species were observed. The apparent kinetic parameters and the maximum intrinsic clearances (CLmax) for DDAB hydrolysis in liver microsomes from different animals were determined, and the order of CLmax values for the formation of DDAO was CyLM>MLM≈PLM>RLM>HLM≈DLM. These findings were helpful for the rational use of DDAB as an imaging tool for CE2 in different mammals, as well as for translational researches on the function of mammalian CEs and CE2-associated drug-drug interactions.
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13
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Poulin P, Haddad S. Albumin and Uptake of Drugs in Cells: Additional Validation Exercises of a Recently Published Equation that Quantifies the Albumin-Facilitated Uptake Mechanism(s) in Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling Research. J Pharm Sci 2015; 104:4448-4458. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.24676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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14
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Serrano E, Juan A, García-Montero A, Soler T, Jiménez-Márquez F, Cativiela C, Gomez MV, Urriolabeitia EP. Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,3-Diaminotruxillic Acid Derivatives: An Advantageous Combination of C-H-ortho-Palladation and On-Flow [2+2]-Photocycloaddition in Microreactors. Chemistry 2015; 22:144-52. [PMID: 26597315 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of ε-isomers of dimethyl esters of 1,3-diaminotruxillic acid in three steps is reported. The first step is the ortho-palladation of (Z)-2-aryl-4-aryliden-5(4H)-oxazolones 1 to give dinuclear complexes 2 with bridging carboxylates. The reaction occurs through regioselective activation of the ortho-CH bond of the 4-arylidene ring in carboxylic acids. The second step is the [2+2]-photocycloaddition of the CC exocyclic bonds of the oxazolone skeleton in 2 to afford the corresponding dinuclear ortho-palladated cyclobutanes 3. This key step was performed very efficiently by using LED light sources with different wavelengths (465, 525 or 625 nm) in flow microreactors. The final step involved the depalladation of 3 by hydrogenation in methanol to afford the ε-1,3-diaminotruxillic acid derivatives as single isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Serrano
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Academia General Militar, 50090 Zaragoza (Spain)
| | - Alberto Juan
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real (Spain)
| | - Angel García-Montero
- Instituto de Síntesis QuímicayCatálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Fac. Ciencias, Edificio D, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza (Spain)
| | - Tatiana Soler
- Servicios Centrales Investigación, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante (Spain)
| | - Francisco Jiménez-Márquez
- E.T.S. Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real (Spain)
| | - Carlos Cativiela
- Instituto de Síntesis QuímicayCatálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Fac. Ciencias, Edificio D, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza (Spain).
| | - M Victoria Gomez
- Instituto Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José cela s/n, 13071 Ciudad Real (Spain).
| | - Esteban P Urriolabeitia
- Instituto de Síntesis QuímicayCatálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Fac. Ciencias, Edificio D, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza (Spain).
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15
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Pedotti S, Pistarà V, Cannavà C, Carbone C, Cilurzo F, Corsaro A, Puglisi G, Ventura CA. Synthesis and physico-chemical characterization of a β-cyclodextrin conjugate for sustained release of Acyclovir. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 131:159-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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16
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Shimokawa Y, Sasahara K, Koyama N, Kitano K, Shibata M, Yoda N, Umehara K. Metabolic Mechanism of Delamanid, a New Anti-Tuberculosis Drug, in Human Plasma. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1277-83. [PMID: 26055621 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.064550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of delamanid (OPC-67683, Deltyba), a novel treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, was investigated in vitro using plasma and purified protein preparations from humans and animals. Delamanid was rapidly degraded by incubation in the plasma of all species tested at 37°C, with half-life values (hours) of 0.64 (human), 0.84 (dog), 0.87 (rabbit), 1.90 (mouse), and 3.54 (rat). A major metabolite, (R)-2-amino-4,5-dihydrooxazole derivative (M1), was formed in the plasma by cleavage of the 6-nitro-2,3-dihydroimidazo(2,1-b)oxazole moiety of delamanid. The rate of M1 formation increased with temperature (0-37°C) and pH (6.0-8.0). Delamanid was not converted to M1 in plasma filtrate, with a molecular mass cutoff of 30 kDa, suggesting that bioconversion is mediated by plasma proteins of higher molecular weight. When delamanid was incubated in plasma protein fractions separated by gel filtration chromatography, M1 was observed in the fraction consisting of albumin, γ-globulin, and α1-acid glycoprotein. In pure preparations of these proteins, only human serum albumin (HSA) metabolized delamanid to M1. The formation of M1 followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics in both human plasma and the HSA solution, with similar Km values: 67.8 µM in plasma and 51.5 µM in HSA. The maximum velocity and intrinsic clearance values for M1 were also comparable in plasma and HSA. These results strongly suggest that albumin is predominantly responsible for metabolizing delamanid to M1. We propose that delamanid degradation by albumin begins with a nucleophilic attack of amino acid residues on the electron-poor carbon at the 5 position of nitro-dihydro-imidazooxazole, followed by cleavage of the imidazooxazole moiety to form M1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Shimokawa
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Katsunori Sasahara
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Koyama
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kitano
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masakazu Shibata
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yoda
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
| | - Ken Umehara
- Tokushima Research Institute (Y.S., K.S., N.K., M.S., N.Y., K.U.) and Medicinal Chemistry Research Institute (K.K.), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan
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He G, Zhang S, Xu L, Xia Y, Wang P, Li S, Zhu L, Xu H, Ge G, Yang L. C-8 Mannich base derivatives of baicalein display improved glucuronidation stability: exploring the mechanism by experimentation and theoretical calculations. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20213b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucuronidation of 7-OH is blocked by the intramolecular hydrogen bond between 7-OH and C-8 Mannich base substituent in BA-a.
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