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Choi W, Aizik G, Ostertag-Hill CA, Kohane DS. A hybrid nanoparticle-protein hydrogel system for prolonged local anesthesia. Biomaterials 2024; 306:122494. [PMID: 38316090 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Local anesthetics are effective in relieving pain, but their duration of action is short. Therefore, the development of injectable sustained release systems to prolong the effect of local anesthetics has been of interest. In such systems delivering conventional local anesthetics, it has been challenging to achieve long durations of effect, particularly without incurring tissue toxicity. To overcome these challenges, we created a platform comprising a protein hydrogel incorporating hydrophobic local anesthetic (bupivacaine) nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were prepared by anti-solvent precipitation stabilized with bovine serum albumin (BSA), followed by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde (GA). The resulting BSA hydrogels prolonged release of bupivacaine in vitro. When bupivacaine nanoparticles within crosslinked BSA were injected at the sciatic nerve in rats, a duration of nerve block of 39.9 h was obtained, compared to 5.5 h for the commercial bupivacaine liposome suspension EXPAREL®. Tissue reaction was benign. We further demonstrated that this system could control the release of the amphiphilic drug diphenhydramine and the hydrophobic paclitaxel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonmin Choi
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Gil Aizik
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Claire A Ostertag-Hill
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States
| | - Daniel S Kohane
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Drug Delivery, Department of Anesthesiology, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, United States.
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2
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Rocha B, de Morais LA, Viana MC, Carneiro G. Promising strategies for improving oral bioavailability of poor water-soluble drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2023; 18:615-627. [PMID: 37157841 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2023.2211801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral administration of poorly water-soluble drugs (PWSDs) is generally related to low bioavailability, leading to high drug doses, multiple side effects, and low patient compliance. Thus, different strategies have been developed to increase drug solubility and dissolution in the gastrointestinal tract, opening new venues for these drugs. AREAS COVERED This review outlines the current challenges in PWSD formulation development and the strategies to overcome the oral barriers and increase their solubility and bioavailability. Conventional strategies include altering crystalline and molecular structures and modifying oral solid dosage forms. In contrast, novel strategies comprise micro- and nanostructured systems. Recent representative studies involving how these strategies have improved the oral bioavailability of PWSDs were also reviewed and reported. EXPERT OPINION New approaches to enhance PWSD bioavailability have sought to improve water solubility and dissolution rates, drug protection by overcoming biological barriers, and increased absorption. Still, only a handful of studies have focused on quantifying the increase in bioavailability. Improving the oral bioavailability of PWSDs remains an exciting unexplored field of research and has become an important issue for successfully developing pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Rocha
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Letícia Aparecida de Morais
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Mateus Costa Viana
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Carneiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Brazil
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3
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Li S, He Y, Sun D, Wang Z, Yu J, Ye J, He Z, Wang Y. Long Acting Ionically Paired Pamoate-based Suspension of Lurasidone: An exploration of Size Effects on in vitro Dissolution and in vivo Pharmacokinetic Behaviors. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:83. [PMID: 36949377 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Latuda® is an oral tablet approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of schizophrenia. However, the clinical efficacy of Latuda® is compromised by patient noncompliance due to frequent daily administration, especially for patients experiencing severe schizophrenia, whose medication is often needed for several months to years. Hence, developing a long-acting injectable formulation of lurasidone is urgently needed. Herein, a poorly water-soluble lurasidone pamoate (LP) salt was synthesized via the facile ion pair-based salt formation technology. The solubility of LP was decreased by 233 folds compared with that of lurasidone hydrochloride (LH). Furthermore, suspensions of LH and LP with three different particle sizes, including 400 nm small-sized nanocrystals (SNCs), 4 μm medium-sized microcrystals (MMCs), and 15 μm large-sized microcrystals (LMCs) were prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The in vitro release results showed that particle sizes had great effects on the sustained release of LH, where large-sized particles exhibited superior sustained release than the smaller ones. Besides, LP suspensions exhibited better sustained release than LH suspensions at the same size scale. Moreover, the pharmacokinetics showed that LP LMCs produced an extended in vivo intramuscularly injectable profile for up to 45 days, which was 10 days longer than that of the LH LMCs. Our findings demonstrated that particle size had appreciable impacts on drug sustained release and provided valuable knowledge for the rational design of optimized micronized suspensions for long-acting injectables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaomeng Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianying Ye
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Rajendra PKM, Nidamanuri BSS, Swaroop AK, Krishnamurali JS, Balan AP, Selvaraj J, Raman R, Shivakumar HN, Reddy MV, Jawahar N. Fabrication and in vitro evaluation of silk fibroin-folic acid decorated paclitaxel and hydroxyurea nanostructured lipid carriers for targeting ovarian cancer cells: A double sword approach. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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5
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Ma X, Wang P, Wu Q, Zhou J, Wang D, Yadav D, Zhang H, Zhang Y. Porphyrin Centered Paclitaxel Tetrameric Prodrug Nanoassemblies as Tumor-Selective Theranostics for Synergized Breast Cancer Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2202024. [PMID: 36222266 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Although having undergone decades of development, nanoparticulate drug delivery vehicles for efficient cancer therapy remain a challenge, confined by low drug loading, instability, and poor cancer tissue selectivity. A self-assembled prodrug, the combination of prodrug strategy and the self-assembly merits, represents a special chemical entity which spontaneously organizes into supramolecular composites with defined architecture, therefore also providing a strategy to develop new medications. Paclitaxel (PTX) is still among the most generally prescribed chemotherapeutics in oncology but is restricted by poor solubility. Although photodynamic therapy, with its noninvasive features and barely developed drug resistance, signifies an alternative tool to suppress life-threatening cancer, sole use hardly fulfills its potential. To this end, a reduction-activatable heterotetrameric prodrug with the photosensitizer is synthesized, then formulated into self-assembled nanoparticles (NPs) for tumor imaging and combined chemo- and photodynamic therapy. Coating the NPs with amphiphilic polymer distearylphosphatidylethanolamine-polyethylene glycol-arginine-glycine-aspartate (DSPE-PEG-RGD) offers high stability and enables cancer tissue targeting. The as-prepared NPs enlighten disease cells and reveal more potent cytotoxicity comparing to PTX and the photosensitizer alone. Furthermore, the NPs selectively accumulates into tumors and synergistically inhibits tumor proliferation with reduced side effects in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Ma
- Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Helsinki, FI-00520, Finland
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
| | - Qiwei Wu
- Department of Radiology Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Junnian Zhou
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Helsinki, FI-00520, Finland
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Radiology Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Deependra Yadav
- Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Helsinki, FI-00520, Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Helsinki, FI-00520, Finland
| | - Yuezhou Zhang
- Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering (IBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, 710072, China.,Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Key laboratory of Flexible Electronics of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, 218 Qingyi Road, Ningbo, 315103, China
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6
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Xiang H, Xu S, Li J, Li Y, Xue X, Liu Y, Li J, Miao X. Functional drug nanocrystals for cancer-target delivery. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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7
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Saito A, Kimura N, Kaneda Y, Ohzawa H, Miyato H, Yamaguchi H, Lefor AK, Nagai R, Sata N, Kitayama J, Aizawa K. Novel Drug Delivery Method Targeting Para-Aortic Lymph Nodes by Retrograde Infusion of Paclitaxel into Pigs’ Thoracic Duct. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153753. [PMID: 35954416 PMCID: PMC9367477 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancer with massive nodal metastases is a lethal disease. In this study, using a porcine model, we infused the anti-cancer drug Paclitaxel (PTX) into thoracic ducts to examine the efficiency of drug delivery to intra-abdominal lymph nodes. We established a technical method to catheterize the thoracic duct in the necks of pigs. We then compared the pharmacokinetics of PTX administered intrathoracically with those of systemic (intravenous) infusion. Serum, liver, and spleen concentrations of PTX were significantly lower following thoracic duct (IT) infusion than after intravenous (IV) administration approximately 1–8 h post-infusion. However, PTX levels in abdominal lymph nodes were maintained at relatively high levels up to 24 h after IT infusion compared to after IV infusion. Concentrations of PTX in urine were much higher after IT administration than after IV administration. After IT infusion, the same concentration of PTX was obtained in abdominal lymph nodes, but the serum concentration was lower than after systemic infusion. Therefore, IT infusion may be able to achieve higher PTX doses than IV infusion. IT delivery of anti-cancer drugs into the thoracic duct may yield clinical benefits for patients with extensive lymphatic metastases in abdominal malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Saito
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Natsuka Kimura
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Yuji Kaneda
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Hideyuki Ohzawa
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hideyo Miyato
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Hironori Yamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Alan Kawarai Lefor
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Ryozo Nagai
- Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;
| | - Naohiro Sata
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
| | - Joji Kitayama
- Department of Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan; (A.S.); (Y.K.); (H.O.); (H.M.); (H.Y.); (A.K.L.); (N.S.); (J.K.)
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kenichi Aizawa
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan;
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
- Clinical Pharmacology Center, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-285-58-7388 (ext. 2032)
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8
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Nano- and Crystal Engineering Approaches in the Development of Therapeutic Agents for Neoplastic Diseases. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12070926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is a global quandary that requires the administration of many different active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) with different characteristics. As is the case with many APIs, cancer treatments exhibit poor aqueous solubility which can lead to low drug absorption, increased doses, and subsequently poor bioavailability and the occurrence of more adverse events. Several strategies have been envisaged to overcome this drawback, specifically for the treatment of neoplastic diseases. These include crystal engineering, in which new crystal structures are formed to improve drug physicochemical properties, and/or nanoengineering in which the reduction in particle size of the pristine crystal results in much improved physicochemical properties. Co-crystals, which are supramolecular complexes that comprise of an API and a co-crystal former (CCF) held together by non-covalent interactions in crystal lattice, have been developed to improve the performance of some anti-cancer drugs. Similarly, nanosizing through the formation of nanocrystals and, in some cases, the use of both crystal and nanoengineering to obtain nano co-crystals (NCC) have been used to increase the solubility as well as overall performance of many anticancer drugs. The formulation process of both micron and sub-micron crystalline formulations for the treatment of cancers makes use of relatively simple techniques and minimal amounts of excipients aside from stabilizers and co-formers. The flexibility of these crystalline formulations with regards to routes of administration and ability to target neoplastic tissue makes them ideal strategies for effectiveness of cancer treatments. In this review, we describe the use of crystalline formulations for the treatment of various neoplastic diseases. In addition, this review attempts to highlight the gaps in the current translation of these potential treatments into authorized medicines for use in clinical practice.
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9
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Lu L, Xu Q, Wang J, Wu S, Luo Z, Lu W. Drug Nanocrystals for Active Tumor-Targeted Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040797. [PMID: 35456631 PMCID: PMC9026472 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug nanocrystals, which are comprised of active pharmaceutical ingredients and only a small amount of essential stabilizers, have the ability to improve the solubility, dissolution and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs; in turn, drug nanocrystal technology can be utilized to develop novel formulations of chemotherapeutic drugs. Compared with passive targeting strategy, active tumor-targeted drug delivery, typically enabled by specific targeting ligands or molecules modified onto the surface of nanomedicines, circumvents the weak and heterogeneous enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect in human tumors and overcomes the disadvantages of nonspecific drug distribution, high administration dosage and undesired side effects, thereby contributing to improving the efficacy and safety of conventional nanomedicines for chemotherapy. Continuous efforts have been made in the development of active tumor-targeted drug nanocrystals delivery systems in recent years, most of which are encouraging and also enlightening for further investigation and clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linwei Lu
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qianzhu Xu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Sunyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Zimiao Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Weiyue Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Fudan University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; (Q.X.); (J.W.); (S.W.); (Z.L.)
- Institutes of Integrative Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Engineering Technology Research Center for Pharmaceutical Intelligent Equipment, and Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Non-Coding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai 201620, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Paclitaxel Drug Delivery Systems: Focus on Nanocrystals' Surface Modifications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14040658. [PMID: 35215570 PMCID: PMC8875890 DOI: 10.3390/polym14040658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a chemotherapeutic agent that belongs to the taxane family and which was approved to treat various kinds of cancers including breast cancer, ovarian cancer, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related Kaposi’s sarcoma. Several delivery systems for PTX have been developed to enhance its solubility and pharmacological properties involving liposomes, nanoparticles, microparticles, micelles, cosolvent methods, and the complexation with cyclodextrins and other materials that are summarized in this article. Specifically, this review discusses deeply the developed paclitaxel nanocrystal formulations. As PTX is a hydrophobic drug with inferior water solubility properties, which are improved a lot by nanocrystal formulation. Based on that, many studies employed nano-crystallization techniques not only to improve the oral delivery of PTX, but IV, intraperitoneal (IP), and local and intertumoral delivery systems were also developed. Additionally, superior and interesting properties of PTX NCs were achieved by performing additional modifications to the NCs, such as stabilization with surfactants and coating with polymers. This review summarizes these delivery systems by shedding light on their route of administration, the methods used in the preparation and modifications, the in vitro or in vivo models used, and the advantages obtained based on the developed formulations.
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11
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pH-Responsive Alginate-Based Microparticles for Colon-Targeted Delivery of Pure Cyclosporine A Crystals to Treat Ulcerative Colitis. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091412. [PMID: 34575488 PMCID: PMC8469027 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressant for treating ulcerative colitis (UC). However, owing to severe systemic side effects, CsA application in UC therapy remains limited. Herein, a colon-targeted drug delivery system consisting of CsA crystals (CsAc)-loaded, Eudragit S 100 (ES)-coated alginate microparticles (CsAc-EAMPs) was established to minimize systemic side effects and enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CsA. Homogeneously-sized CsAs (3.1 ± 0.9 μm) were prepared by anti-solvent precipitation, followed by the fabrication of 47.1 ± 6.5 μm-sized CsAc-EAMPs via ionic gelation and ES coating. CsAc-EAMPs exhibited a high drug loading capacity (48 ± 5%) and a CsA encapsulation efficacy of 77 ± 9%. The in vitro drug release study revealed that CsA release from CsAc-EAMPs was suppressed under conditions simulating the stomach and small intestine, resulting in minimized systemic absorption and side effects. Following exposure to the simulated colon conditions, along with ES dissolution and disintegration of alginate microparticles, CsA was released from CsAc-EAMPs, exhibiting a sustained-release profile for up to 24 h after administration. Given the effective colonic delivery of CsA molecules, CsAc-EAMPs conferred enhanced anti-inflammatory activity in mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. These findings suggest that CsAc-EAMPs is a promising drug delivery system for treating UC.
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12
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Verma V, Ryan KM, Padrela L. Production and isolation of pharmaceutical drug nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2021; 603:120708. [PMID: 33992712 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nanosizing of pharmaceutical drug particles is one of the most important drug delivery platforms approaches for the commercial development of poorly water-soluble drug molecules. Though nanosizing of drug particles has been proven to greatly enhance drugs dissolution rate and apparent solubility, nanosized materials have presented significant challenges for their formulation as solid dosage forms (e.g. tablets, capsules). This is due to the strong Van der Waals attraction forces between dry nanoparticles leading to aggregation, cohesion, and consequently poor flowability. In this review, the broad area of nanomedicines is overviewed with the primary focus on drug nanocrystals and the top-down and bottom-up methods used in their fabrication. The review also looks at how nanosuspensions of pharmaceutical drugs are generated and stabilised, followed by subsequent strategies for isolation of the nanoparticles. A perspective on the future outlook for drug nanocrystals is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Verma
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Kevin M Ryan
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Luis Padrela
- SSPC Research Centre, Department of Chemical Sciences, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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13
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Babadi D, Dadashzadeh S, Osouli M, Abbasian Z, Daryabari MS, Sadrai S, Haeri A. Biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic aspects of nanocarrier-mediated oral delivery of poorly soluble drugs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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14
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Wang Y, Tan X, Fan X, Zhao L, Wang S, He H, Yin T, Zhang Y, Tang X, Jian L, Jin J, Gou J. Current strategies for oral delivery of BCS IV drug nanocrystals: challenges, solutions and future trends. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2021; 18:1211-1228. [PMID: 33719798 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2021.1903428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral absorption of BCS IV drug benefits little from improved dissolution. Therefore, the absorption of BCS IV drug nanocrystals 'as a whole' strategy is preferred, and structural modification of nanocrystals is required. Surface modification helps the nanocrystals maintain particle structure before drug dissolution is needed, thus enhancing the oral absorption of BCS IV drugs and promoting therapeutic effect. Here, the main challenges and solutions of oral BCS IV drug nanocrystals delivery are discussed. Moreover, strategies for nanocrystal surface modification that facilitates oral bioavailability of BCS IV drugs are highlighted, and provide insights for the innovation in oral drug delivery. AREAS COVERED Promising size, shape, and surface modification of nanocrystals have gained interests for application in oral BCS IV drugs. EXPERT OPINION Nanocrystal surface modification is a feasible method to maintain the structural integrity of nanocrystals, and the introduced materials can also be modified to integrate additional functions to further facilitate the absorption of nanocrystals. It is expected that the absorption 'as a whole' strategy of nanocrystals will provide different choices for the oral BCS IV drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinyi Tan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyu Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Linxuan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shuhang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Haibing He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tian Yin
- School of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingyan Jian
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
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15
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Particle Size Reduction Techniques of Pharmaceutical Compounds for the Enhancement of Their Dissolution Rate and Bioavailability. J Pharm Innov 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-020-09530-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Zhai Z, Xu P, Yao J, Li R, Gong L, Yin Y, Lin Z. Erythrocyte-mimicking paclitaxel nanoparticles for improving biodistributions of hydrophobic drugs to enhance antitumor efficacy. Drug Deliv 2020; 27:387-399. [PMID: 32098525 PMCID: PMC7054973 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2020.1731862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent decades have witnessed several nanocrystal-based hydrophobic drug formulations because of their excellent performance in improving drug loading and controlling drug release as mediate drug forms in tablets or capsules. However, the intravenous administration of drug nanocrystals was usually hampered by their hydrophobic surface properties, causing short half-life time in circulation and low drug distribution in tumor. Here, we proposed to enclose nanocrystals (NC) of hydrophobic drug, such as paclitaxel (PTX) into erythrocyte membrane (EM). By a series of formulation optimizations, spherical PTX nanoparticles (PN) with the particle size of around 280 nm were successfully cloaked in erythrocyte membrane, resulting in a PTX-NP-EM (PNM) system. The PNM could achieve high drug loading of PTX (>60%) and stabilize the particle size significantly compared to PN alone. Besides, the fluorescence-labeling PNM presented better tumor cell uptake, stronger cytotoxicity, and higher drug accumulation in tumor compared to PN. Finally, the PNM was found to be the most effective against tumor growth among all PTX formulations in tumor-bearing mice models, with much lower system toxicity than control formulation. In general, the PNM system with high drug-loading as well as superior bio-distributions in vivo could be served as a promising formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhai
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jun Yao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Ridong Li
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Lidong Gong
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yuxin Yin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Lin
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
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17
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Mei D, Gong L, Zou Y, Yang D, Liu H, Liang Y, Sun N, Zhao L, Zhang Q, Lin Z. Platelet membrane-cloaked paclitaxel-nanocrystals augment postoperative chemotherapeutical efficacy. J Control Release 2020; 324:341-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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18
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Oshi MA, Lee J, Naeem M, Hasan N, Kim J, Kim HJ, Lee EH, Jung Y, Yoo JW. Curcumin Nanocrystal/pH-Responsive Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Core–Shell Nanoparticles for Inflammation-Targeted Alleviation of Ulcerative Colitis. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:3571-3581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Murtada A. Oshi
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Juho Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Nurhasni Hasan
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Hak Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Eun Hee Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 02841, South Korea
| | - Yunjin Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Jin-Wook Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
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19
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Liang P, Wu H, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Lv H. Preparation and characterization of parthenolide nanocrystals for enhancing therapeutic effects of sorafenib against advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Pharm 2020; 583:119375. [PMID: 32344021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel nanocrystals delivery system of parthenolide (PTL) was designed to combined application with sorafenib (Sora) for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy, attempting to not only improve the poor aqueous solubility of PTL, but also enhance the synergistic therapeutic effects with Sora. The PTL nanocrystals (PTL-NCs) were prepared by precipitation-high-pressure homogenization method. The formed PTL-NCs with rod morphology possessed size of 126.9 ± 2.31 nm, zeta potential of -11.18 ± 0.59 mV and drug loading of 31.11 ± 1.99%. Meanwhile, PTL in PTL-NCs exhibited excellent storage stability and sustained release behavior. The combination therapy of Sora and PTL-NCs (Sora/PTL-NCs) in vitro for HepG2 cells presented superior therapeutic effects over that of individual PTL and Sora on intracellular uptake, cell proliferation inhibition and migration inhibition. Meanwhile the strongest anti-tumor effect with 81.86% inhibition rate and minimized systemic toxicity of Sora/PTL-NCs in vivo were obtained on tumor-bearing mice compared with that of PTL (48.84%) and Sora (58.83%). Thus, these findings suggested that PTL-NCs as an effective delivery system for the synergistically used with Sora to gain an optimal response against HCC, for referenced in the industrialization of nanocrystals products for intravenous administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Hangyi Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Zhenhai Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shulong Jiang
- Clinical Medical Laboratory Center, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, Shandong 272000, China.
| | - Huixia Lv
- Department of Pharmaceutics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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20
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Dwivedi P, Han S, Mangrio F, Fan R, Dwivedi M, Zhu Z, Huang F, Wu Q, Khatik R, Cohn DE, Si T, Hu S, Sparreboom A, Xu RX. Engineered multifunctional biodegradable hybrid microparticles for paclitaxel delivery in cancer therapy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:113-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Bang KH, Na YG, Huh HW, Hwang SJ, Kim MS, Kim M, Lee HK, Cho CW. The Delivery Strategy of Paclitaxel Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Coated with Platelet Membrane. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11060807. [PMID: 31212681 PMCID: PMC6627627 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11060807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Strategies for the development of anticancer drug delivery systems have undergone a dramatic transformation in the last few decades. Lipid-based drug delivery systems, such as a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC), are one of the systems emerging to improve the outcomes of tumor treatments. However, NLC can act as an intruder and cause an immune response. To overcome this limitation, biomimicry technology was introduced to decorate the surface of the nanoparticles with various cell membrane proteins. Here, we designed paclitaxel (PT)-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (PT-NLC) with platelet (PLT) membrane protein because PLT is involved with angiogenesis and interaction of circulating tumor cells. After PLT was isolated from blood using the gravity-gradient method and it was used for coating PT-NLC. Spherical PT-NLC and platelet membrane coated PT-NLC (P-PT-NLC) were successfully fabricated with high encapsulation efficiency (EE) (99.98%) and small particle size (less than 200 nm). The successful coating of PT-NLC with a PLT membrane was confirmed by the identification of CD41 based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) data. Moreover, the stronger affinity of P-PT-NLC than that of PT-NLC toward tumor cells was observed. In vitro cell study, the PLT coated nanoparticles successfully displayed the anti-tumor effect to SK-OV-3 cells. In summary, the biomimicry carrier system P-PT-NLC has an affinity and targeting ability for tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Bang
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Young-Guk Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Hyun Wook Huh
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Sung-Joo Hwang
- College of Pharmacy and Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, 162-1 Songdo-dong, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 406-840, Korea.
| | - Min-Soo Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 609-735, Korea.
| | - Minki Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Hong-Ki Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - Cheong-Weon Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
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22
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Han S, Dwivedi P, Mangrio FA, Dwivedi M, Khatik R, Cohn DE, Si T, Xu RX. Sustained release paclitaxel-loaded core-shell-structured solid lipid microparticles for intraperitoneal chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:957-967. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1576705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Han
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
| | - Pankaj Dwivedi
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
| | - Farhana Akbar Mangrio
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
| | - Monika Dwivedi
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
| | - Renuka Khatik
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion (LNEC), University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - David E. Cohn
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ting Si
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
| | - Ronald X. Xu
- Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, School of Engineering Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P.R.China
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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23
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Wu C, Gao Y, Liu Y, Xu X. Pure paclitaxel nanoparticles: preparation, characterization, and antitumor effect for human liver cancer SMMC-7721 cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:6189-6198. [PMID: 30349243 PMCID: PMC6188176 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s169209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pure paclitaxel nanoparticles (PPN), consisting entirely of drug molecules, were prepared by the electrostatic spraying method as promising candidates for antitumor application. Compared with the traditional preparation method, the advantage of the electrostatic spraying method included high production rates, relatively small particle sizes, and ease of preparation. Materials and methods Paclitaxel was used to prepared PPN by electrostatic spray. The electrostatic spray device included a constant speed pump with a syringe, a high-voltage power supply, and a metal foil receiver was used to prepare and evaluate PPN. The syringe drew off a certain amount of paclitaxel chloroform solution (150 μg/mL) and was placed on the constant speed injection pump. The dissolution behavior of PPN was evaluated by dissolution test and the presence of paclitaxel in PPN was detected by X-Ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Effect of PPN on SMMC-7721 cells were studied by cell uptake, cell apoptosis and antitumor study. Results The results of X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry characterization showed that the PPN were in an amorphous state. A dissolution study indicated that PPN have a significantly enhanced dissolution rate of paclitaxel. Moreover, SMMC-7721 tumor cells treated with PPN exhibited a distinctly high uptake rate that promoted cell apoptosis. An in vivo antitumor study demonstrated that PPN had significant antitumor efficacy. Conclusion All conclusions verified that electrostatic spraying is a potential technology for developing PPN, and PPN can be regarded as a promising treatment for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China,
| | - Ying Liu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - XiaoYan Xu
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, People's Republic of China
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24
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Pesoa JI, Rico MJ, Rozados VR, Scharovsky OG, Luna JA, Mengatto LN. Paclitaxel delivery system based on poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles and chitosan thermo-sensitive gel for mammary adenocarcinoma treatment. J Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 70:1494-1502. [PMID: 30182425 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the combination of more than one release system in the same formulation as a useful strategy to achieve paclitaxel delivery in a more sustained and controlled manner. METHODS The present study deals with the preparation of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microparticles loaded with paclitaxel and included in a chitosan thermo-sensitive gelling solution. The microparticles were characterized by their size, shape and drug loading. The formulation was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, in vitro release experiments and was evaluated in mice bearing mammary adenocarcinoma. KEY FINDINGS The formation of paclitaxel crystals in a pharmaceutical formulation reduces its efficacy. In this work, the use of microparticles avoided this phenomenon. Combining more than one delivery system allowed delivering paclitaxel in a more sustained and controlled manner leading to a long-term effect in the site of action. The formulation showed an inhibition in tumour volume of 63.0% in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSIONS One intratumour injection of gelling solution containing the microparticles was at least as efficacious as four intraperitoneal injections of a commercial formulation. In addition, the delivery system was nontoxic, and the treated mice presented the highest percentage of tumour regression and median survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Pesoa
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María J Rico
- Instituto de Genética Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Viviana R Rozados
- Instituto de Genética Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - O Graciela Scharovsky
- Instituto de Genética Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Julio A Luna
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luciano N Mengatto
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC), Universidad Nacional del Litoral-CONICET, Santa Fe, Argentina
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25
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Ahire E, Thakkar S, Darshanwad M, Misra M. Parenteral nanosuspensions: a brief review from solubility enhancement to more novel and specific applications. Acta Pharm Sin B 2018; 8:733-755. [PMID: 30245962 PMCID: PMC6146387 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in in silico techniques of lead molecule selection have resulted in the failure of around 70% of new chemical entities (NCEs). Some of these molecules are getting rejected at final developmental stage resulting in wastage of money and resources. Unfavourable physicochemical properties affect ADME profile of any efficacious and potent molecule, which may ultimately lead to killing of NCE at final stage. Numerous techniques are being explored including nanocrystals for solubility enhancement purposes. Nanocrystals are the most successful and the ones which had a shorter gap between invention and subsequent commercialization of the first marketed product. Several nanocrystal-based products are commercially available and there is a paradigm shift in using approach from simply being solubility enhancement technique to more novel and specific applications. Some other aspects in relation to parenteral nanosuspensions are concentrations of surfactant to be used, scalability and in vivo fate. At present, there exists a wide gap due to poor understanding of these critical factors, which we have tried to address in this review. This review will focus on parenteral nanosuspensions, covering varied aspects especially stabilizers used, GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) status of stabilizers, scalability challenges, issues of physical and chemical stability, solidification techniques to combat stability problems and in vivo fate.
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Key Words
- ADME, absorption distribution metabolism elimination
- ASEs, aerosols solvent extractions
- AUC, area under curve
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- BCS, Biopharmaceutical Classification System
- BDP, beclomethasone dipropionate
- CFC, critical flocculation concentration
- CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy
- CMC, critical micelle concentration
- DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide
- EDI, estimated daily intake
- EHDA, electrohydrodynamic atomization
- EPAS, evaporative precipitation in aqueous solution
- EPR, enhanced permeability and retention
- FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate
- GRAS, Generally Recognized as Safe
- HEC, hydroxyethylcellulose
- HFBII, class II hydrophobin
- HP-PTX/NC, hyaluronic acid-paclitaxel/nanocrystal
- HPC, hydroxypropyl cellulose
- HPH, high-pressure homogenization
- HPMC, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- IM, intramuscular
- IP, intraperitoneal
- IV, intravenous
- IVIVC, in vivo–in vitro correlation
- In vivo fate
- LD50, median lethal dose (50%)
- MDR, multidrug resistance effect
- NCE, new chemical entities
- Nanosuspension
- P-gp, permeation glycoprotein
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PTX, paclitaxel
- PVA, polyvinyl alcohol
- Parenteral
- QbD, quality by design
- SC, subcutaneous
- SEDS, solution enhanced dispersion by supercritical fluids
- SEM, scanning electron microscopy
- SFL, spray freezing into liquids
- Scalability
- Solidification
- Stabilizer
- TBA, tert-butanol
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
- US FDA, United States Food and Drug Administration
- Vitamin E TPGS, d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manju Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380054, India
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26
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Polymeric Micelles Based on Modified Glycol Chitosan for Paclitaxel Delivery: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061550. [PMID: 29882845 PMCID: PMC6032256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic polymer of α-tocopherol succinate modified glycol chitosan (TS-GC) was successfully constructed by conjugating α-tocopherol succinate to the skeleton of glycol chitosan and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). In aqueous milieu, the conjugates self-assembled to micelles with the critical aggregation concentration of 7.2 × 10−3 mg/mL. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements were carried out to determine the physicochemical properties of the micelles. The results revealed that paclitaxel (PTX)-loaded TS-GC micelles were spherical in shape. Moreover, the PTX-loaded micelles showed increased particle sizes (35 nm vs. 142 nm) and a little reduced zeta potential (+19 mV vs. +16 mV) compared with blank micelles. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra demonstrated that PTX existed inside the micelles in amorphous or molecular state. In vitro and in vivo tests showed that the PTX-loaded TS-GC micelles had advantages over the Cremophor EL-based formulation in terms of low toxicity level and increased dose, which suggested the potential of the polymer as carriers for PTX to improve their delivery properties.
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27
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Agrawal S, Dwivedi M, Ahmad H, Chadchan SB, Arya A, Sikandar R, Kaushik S, Mitra K, Jha RK, Dwivedi AK. CD44 targeting hyaluronic acid coated lapatinib nanocrystals foster the efficacy against triple-negative breast cancer. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 14:327-337. [PMID: 29129754 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Lapatinib (LPT) is an orally administered drug for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. For expanding its therapeutic horizon, we have prepared its nanocrystals (LPT-NCs) that were subsequently coated with hyaluronic acid (HA) to produce LPT-HA-NCs. The detailed in-vitro and in-vivo investigation of LPT-HA-NCs showed the superior anticancer activity due to active targeting to CD44 receptors than the counterparts LPT-NCs and free LPT. In the triple negative 4T1 cells induced breast tumor bearing female Balb/C mice; LPT-HA-NCs treatment caused significant retardation of tumor growth and overall increase in animal survival probability because of their higher tumor localization, increased residence time. Our findings clearly suggest that HA coated LPT-NCs formulation enhances the activity of LPT against triple negative breast cancer. It exhibited magnificent therapeutic outcome at low dose thus presenting a strategy to reduce dose administrations and minimize dose related toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Agrawal
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, TN, India
| | - Monika Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Hafsa Ahmad
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | | | - Abhishek Arya
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, TN, India
| | - Roshan Sikandar
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Raebareli, UP, India
| | - Shweta Kaushik
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Chennai, TN, India; Division of Biochemisrty, CSIR-Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Kalyan Mitra
- Electron Microscopy Unit, CSIR-Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Jha
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Anil Kumar Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India.
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Liu R, Chang YN, Xing G, Li M, Zhao Y. Study on orally delivered paclitaxel nanocrystals: modification, characterization and activity in the gastrointestinal tract. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170753. [PMID: 29291067 PMCID: PMC5717641 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Drug nanocrystals (NCs) can improve the solubility and bioavailability of insoluble drugs for oral administration. However, the biocompatibility and mechanisms of transmittance of drug NCs through the intestinal epithelial tissue are still not well understood. In this work, the physico-chemical properties and interactions with biomolecules in oral delivery pathways, as well as the transmittance through mimical intestinal epithelial cells, of NCs of paclitaxel (PTX) are investigated. PTX was previously demonstrated to be an effective anti-cancer drug. It is found that maximum 1% (w/v) poly(styrenesulfonate) is sufficient to keep PTX NCs monodisperse in varied biological environments and presents no significant interaction with extracellular biomolecules for at least 24 h. The concentration of PTX NCs is kept carefully controlled to avoid serious toxicity to cells (10 µg ml-1 in our experiments but this also depends on NC size). The transmittance of PTX NCs through mimical intestinal epithelial reached 25% in 6 h, demonstrating its comparatively high oral bioavailability in the human body. This work demonstrates the great potential of PTX NC treated in oral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Min Li
- Author for correspondence: Min Li e-mail:
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Zuo W, Qu W, Li N, Yu R, Hou Y, Liu Y, Gou G, Yang J. Fabrication of multicomponent amorphous bufadienolides nanosuspension with wet milling improves dissolution and stability. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1513-1522. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1375938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbao Zuo
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Qu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhui Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guojing Gou
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, People's Republic of China
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Long Acting Ionically Paired Embonate Based Nanocrystals of Donepezil for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: a Proof of Concept Study. Pharm Res 2017; 34:2322-2335. [PMID: 28808833 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2240-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to prepare a patient friendly long acting donepezil (D) nanocrystals (NCs) formulation, with a high payload for i.m administration. As the native D hydrochloride salt has high aqueous solubility it is necessary to increase its hydrophobicity prior to the NCs formation. METHODS D was ionically paired with embonic acid (E) in aqueous media and was successfully characterized using techniques like DSC, PXRD, FT-IR, NMR etc. Later, we converted the bulk ion pair into NCs using high pressure homogenization technique to study further in-vitro and in-vivo. RESULTS The bulk ion pair has a drug content of 66% w/w and an 11,000 reduced solubility in comparison to native D hydrochloride. Also, its crystalline nature was confirmed by DSC and PXRD. The possible interaction sites responsible for the ion pair formation were identified though NMR. The prepared NCs has mean particle size 677.5 ± 72.5 nm and PDI 0.152 ± 0.061. In-vitro release showed a slow dissolution of NCs. Further, excellent bio compatibility of NCs were demonstrated in 3T3 cells. Following i.m administration of single dose of NCs, the D plasma level was found to be detectable up to 18 days. In vivo pharmacodynamic studies revealed that the single dose NCs i.m injection improved spatial memory learning and retention in ICV STZ model. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the developed formulation has a potential to replace the current daily dosing regimen to a less frequent dosing schedule. Graphical Abstract Improved pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile after administration of single dose donpezil embonate nanocrystals in Rats.
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Choi JS, Park JS. Development of docetaxel nanocrystals surface modified with transferrin for tumor targeting. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 11:17-26. [PMID: 28031702 PMCID: PMC5179213 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s122984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to develop the surface modification of docetaxel nanocrystals (DTX-NCs) with apo-Transferrin human (Tf) for improving the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of DTX. DTX-NCs were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method, and the surface modified with Tf by an adsorption method (Tf-DTX-NCs). The morphology and particle size of DTX-NCs and Tf-DTX-NCs were characterized using a field emission scanning electron microscope and zetasizer. An in vitro drug release study was performed in phosphate-buffered saline containing 0.5% (w/v) Tween 80 for 24 hours. Cellular uptake was studied at 0.5, 1, and 2 hours. A cytotoxicity study was performed using the A549 (human lung cancer) cell line after 24-, 48-, and 72-hour treatments. The mean sizes were 295±97 and 398±102 nm for DTX-NCs and Tf-DTX-NCs, respectively. Tf-DTX-NCs and DTX-NCs exhibited rapid drug release, whereas DTX (pure) was slowly released. Tf-DTX-NCs showed higher cellular uptake than DTX-NCs in confocal microscopic and quantitative studies. Moreover, at DTX concentration of 100 µg/mL, Tf-DTX-NCs (82.6%±0.8%) showed higher cytotoxicity than DTX-NCs (77.4%±4.1%) and DTX (pure; 20.1%±4.6%) for 72-hour treatment. In conclusion, Tf-DTX-NCs significantly improved the cellular uptake and cytotoxicity of DTX in the A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Park
- College of Pharmacy, Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
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Sohn JS, Yoon DS, Sohn JY, Park JS, Choi JS. Development and evaluation of targeting ligands surface modified paclitaxel nanocrystals. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 72:228-237. [PMID: 28024581 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To overcome the toxicity of excipient or blank nanoparticles for drug delivery nano-system, the surface modified paclitaxel nanocrystals (PTX-NC) have been developed. PTX-NCs were prepared by nano-precipitation method. The surface of PTX-NCs were modified by grafting with apo-transferrin (Tf) or hyaluronic acid (HA). The physical properties of PTX-NCs were evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), zeta-sizer, zeta-potential, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometry. In vitro drug release study was performed in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) with or without 0.5% (w/v) Tween 80 for 24h. Cellular uptake was studied at time intervals of 0.5, 1, and 2h in MCF-7 cells, and cell growth inhibition study was performed for 24h using MCF-7 cells (cancer cells), and HaCaT cells (normal cells). Three different types of PTX-NCs with a mean size of 236.0±100.6nm (PTX-NC), 302.0±152.0nm (Tf-PTX-NC) and 339±180.6nm (HA-PTX-NC) were successfully prepared. The drug release profiles showed 29.1%/6.9% (PTX (pure)), 40.7%/23.9% (PTX-NC), 50.5%/25.1% (Tf-PTX-NC) and 46.8/24.8% (HA-PTX-NC) in PBS with/without 0.5% (w/v) Tween 80 for 24h, respectively. As per the results, the drug release of PTX-NCs showed the faster release as compared to that of PTX (pure). Surface modified PTX-NCs exhibited higher values for cell permeability than unmodified PTX-NC in the cellular uptake study. Surface modified PTX-NCs inhibited the cell growth approximately to 60% in MCF-7 cells, however effect of surface modified PTX-NCs on normal cell line was lower than the PTX-NC and PTX (pure). In conclusion, biological macromolecules (Tf or HA) surface modified PTX-NC enhanced the cellular uptake and the cell growth inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Sun Sohn
- Division of Undeclared Majors, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - Doo-Soo Yoon
- Department of Bioenvironmental & Chemical Engineering, Chosun College of Science & Technology, Gwangju 501-744, South Korea
| | - Jun Youn Sohn
- Department of Bioenvironmental & Chemical Engineering, Chosun College of Science & Technology, Gwangju 501-744, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Park
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
| | - Jin-Seok Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Drug Research and Development, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, South Korea.
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Choi JS, Park JS. Effects of paclitaxel nanocrystals surface charge on cell internalization. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 93:90-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Agrawal S, Ahmad H, Dwivedi M, Shukla M, Arya A, Sharma K, Lal J, Dwivedi AK. PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles potentiate repurposing of ormeloxifene in breast cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2147-69. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Development and optimization of ormeloxifene-loaded PEGylated chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) for enhancing its literature profound therapeutic activity against breast cancer. Methods: CNPs were prepared by ionotropic gelation method and characterized. Results: Optimized formulation (CNPs10) had average 304 nm particle size with 0.247 polydispersity index and spherical shape with +31 mV surface charge. CNPs10 had 88.37% entrapment efficiency and 20.93% loading efficiency. CNPs10 demonstrated dose-dependent enhancement in cytotoxicity, cellular uptake, apoptosis, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3 in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells over free ormeloxifene. In vivo studies divulged improved pharmacokinetic parameters, reduced toxicity, suppressed tumor burden and increased survival in CNPs10-treated female Sprague–Dawley rats. Conclusion: PEGylated CNPs enhanced anticancer activity of ormeloxifene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Agrawal
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Hafsa Ahmad
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Monika Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Mahendra Shukla
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Abhishek Arya
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Komal Sharma
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Jawahar Lal
- Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
| | - Anil Kumar Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, UP, India
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Tuomela A, Saarinen J, Strachan CJ, Hirvonen J, Peltonen L. Production, applications and in vivo fate of drug nanocrystals. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Verma AK, Sharma S, Gupta P, Singodia D, Kansal S, Sharma V, Mishra PR. Vitamin B12 Grafted Layer-by-Layer Liposomes Bearing HBsAg Facilitate Oral Immunization: Effect of Modulated Biomechanical Properties. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:2531-42. [PMID: 27215337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Adhesion forces of nanoparticulate materials toward biological membrane are crucial for designing a delivery system for therapeutic molecules and vaccines. The present study aims to investigate the impact of surface roughness of the nanoparticulate system in oral delivery of antigen and its targeting to toward intestinal antigen presenting cells. To evaluate this hypothesis, layer-by-layer coated liposomes (LBL-Lipo) were fabricated using sodium alginate and Vitamin B12 conjugated Chitosan (VitB12-Chi) as anionic and cationic polyelectrolyte, respectively. Change in surface roughness was observed on changes in pH from gastric to intestinal conditions attributed to increase and decrease in charge density on VitB12-Chi. Surface roughness was measured in terms of root-mean-square measured by topographical analysis using atomic force microscopy. LBL-Lipo were further characterized for their size, zeta potential, and release behavior to evaluate the potential for oral vaccine delivery. In vitro cell uptake in macrophage cells (J-744) shows about 2- and 3.1-fold increased uptake of rough LBL-Lipo over smooth LBL-Lipo at 37 °C (endocytosis) and 4 °C (endocytosis inhibition) indicating improved biological interaction. Further in vivo immunization study revealed that prototype formulations were able to produce 4.8- and 3.3-fold higher IgG and IgA levels in serum and feces, respectively, in comparison to smooth LBL-Lipo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwni Kumar Verma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India.,BioScience & Biotechnology Division, Banasthali Vidyapith , Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Pramod Gupta
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Deepak Singodia
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shaswat Kansal
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Veena Sharma
- BioScience & Biotechnology Division, Banasthali Vidyapith , Banasthali, Rajasthan 304022, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research-Central Drug Research Institute (CSIR-CDRI) , Lucknow 226031, India
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Karakucuk A, Celebi N, Teksin ZS. Preparation of ritonavir nanosuspensions by microfluidization using polymeric stabilizers: I. A Design of Experiment approach. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 95:111-121. [PMID: 27181836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to prepare ritonavir (RTV) nanosuspensions, an anti-HIV protease inhibitor, to solve its poor water solubility issues. The microfluidization method with a pre-treatment step was used to obtain the nanosuspensions. Design of Experiment (DoE) approach was performed in order to understand the effect of the critical formulation parameters which were selected as polymer type (HPMC or PVP), RTV to polymer ratio, and number of passes. Interactions between the formulation variables were evaluated according to Univariate ANOVA. Particle size, particle size distribution and zeta potential were selected as dependent variables. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry were performed for the in vitro characterization after lyophilization of the optimum nanosuspension formulation. The saturation solubility was examined in comparison with coarse powder, physical mixture and nanosuspension. In vitro dissolution studies were conducted using polyoxyethylene 10 lauryl ether (POE10LE) and biorelevant media (FaSSIF and FeSSIF). The results showed nanosuspensions were partially amorphous and spherically shaped with particle sizes ranging from 400 to 600nm. Moreover, 0.1-0.4 particle size distribution and about -20mV zeta potential values were obtained. The nanosuspension showed a significantly increased solubility when compared to coarse powder (3.5 fold). Coarse powder, physical mixture, nanosuspension and commercial product dissolved completely in POE10LE; however, cumulative dissolved values reached ~20% in FaSSIF for the commercial product and nanosuspension. The nanosuspension showed more than 90% drug dissolved in FeSSIF compared to the commercial product which showed ~50% in the same medium. It was determined that RTV dissolution was increased by nanosuspension formulation. We concluded that DoE approach is useful to develop nanosuspension formulation to improve solubility and dissolution rate of RTV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alptug Karakucuk
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Etiler 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevin Celebi
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Etiler 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Safak Teksin
- Gazi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Etiler 06330 Yenimahalle, Ankara, Turkey
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Mittapelly N, Rachumallu R, Pandey G, Sharma S, Arya A, Bhatta RS, Mishra PR. Investigation of salt formation between memantine and pamoic acid: Its exploitation in nanocrystalline form as long acting injection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 101:62-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Evaluation of TPGS-modified thermo-sensitive Pluronic PF127 hydrogel as a potential carrier to reverse the resistance of P-gp-overexpressing SMMC-7721 cell lines. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 140:307-316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sharma S, Singh J, Verma A, Teja BV, Shukla RP, Singh SK, Sharma V, Konwar R, Mishra PR. Hyaluronic acid anchored paclitaxel nanocrystals improves chemotherapeutic efficacy and inhibits lung metastasis in tumor-bearing rat model. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11260a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a first line anti-tumor agent and is widely used in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
| | - Jyotsana Singh
- Division of Endocrinology
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
| | - Ashwni Verma
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
| | - Banala Venkatesh Teja
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
| | - Ravi P. Shukla
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
| | - Sandeep K. Singh
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
| | - Veena Sharma
- BioScience & Biotechnology Division
- Banasthali Vidyapith
- India
| | - Rituraj Konwar
- Division of Endocrinology
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow
- India
| | - P. R. Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics
- Preclinical South PCS 002/011
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow – 226031
- India
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Yin T, Dong L, Cui B, Wang L, Yin L, Zhou J, Huo M. A toxic organic solvent-free technology for the preparation of PEGylated paclitaxel nanosuspension based on human serum albumin for effective cancer therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:7397-412. [PMID: 26715846 PMCID: PMC4686322 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s92697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, paclitaxel (PTX) is one of most commonly prescribed therapies against a wide range of solid neoplasms. Despite its success, the clinical applicability of PTX (Taxol®) is severely hampered by systemic toxicities induced by Cremophor EL. While attempts to bypass the need for Cremophor EL have been developed through platforms such as Abraxane™, nab™ relies heavily on the use of organic solvents, namely, chloroform. The toxicity introduced by residual chloroform poses a potential risk to patient health. To mitigate the toxicities of toxic organic solvent-based manufacture methods, we have designed a method for the formulation of PTX nanosuspensions (PTX-PEG [polyethylene glycol]-HSA [human serum albumin]) that eliminates the dependence on toxic organic solvents. Coined the solid-dispersion technology, this technique permits the dispersion of PTX into PEG skeleton without the use of organic solvents or Cremophor EL as a solubilizer. Once the PTX-PEG dispersion is complete, the dispersion can be formulated with HSA into nanosuspensions suitable for intravenous administration. Additionally, the incorporation of PEG permits the prolonged circulation through the steric stabilization effect. Finally, HSA-mediated targeting permits active receptor-mediated endocytosis for enhanced tumor uptake and reduced side effects. By eliminating the need for both Cremophor EL and organic solvents while simultaneously increasing antitumor efficacy, this method provides a superior alternative to currently accepted methods for PTX delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingjie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihui Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lifang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meirong Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Sharma S, Verma A, Pandey G, Mittapelly N, Mishra PR. Investigating the role of Pluronic-g-Cationic polyelectrolyte as functional stabilizer for nanocrystals: Impact on Paclitaxel oral bioavailability and tumor growth. Acta Biomater 2015; 26:169-83. [PMID: 26265061 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel (PTX) is a potent anticancer drug which suffers limitations of extremely low oral bioavailability due to low solubility, rapid metabolism and efflux by P-gp transporters. The main objective of this study was to overcome the limitation of PTX by designing delivery systems that can enhance the absorption using multiple pathways. A novel Pluronic-grafted chitosan (Pl-g-CH) copolymer was developed and employed as a functional stabilizer for nanocrystals (NCs) and hypothesized that it would improve PTX absorption by several mechanisms and pathways. Pl-g-CH was synthesized and characterized using (1)H NMR and then used as a stabilizer during nanocrystal development. To establish our proof of concept the optimized formulation having a particle size 192.7 ± 9.2 nm and zeta potential (+) 38.8 ± 3.12 mV was studied extensively on in vitro Caco-2 model. It was observed that nanocrystals rendered higher PTX accumulation inside the cell than Taxol™. P-gp inhibitory potential of Pl-g-CH was proved by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy where the much enhanced fluorescence intensity of Rhodamine 123 (Rho-123, P-gp substrate) was observed in the presence of Pl-g-CH. In addition, a significant decrease in Trans Epithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) of Caco-2 cell monolayers was observed with nanocrystals as well as with Taxol™ (in the presence of free Pl-g-CH compared to only Taxol™). This supports the role of the stabilizer in reversible opening of tight junctions between cells which can allow paracellular transport of drug. The in vivo results were in complete corroboration with in vitro results. Nanocrystals resulted in much enhanced absorption with 12.6-fold improvement in relative bioavailability to that of Taxol™. Concomitantly efficacy data in B16 F10 murine melanoma model also showed a significant reduction in tumor growth with nanocrystals compared to Taxol™ and control. Based on the results it can be suggested that nanocrystals with functional stabilizers can be a promising approach for the oral delivery of anticancer drugs which are P-gp substrates STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Nanocrystals are currently one of the most explored novel drug delivery systems especially for oral delivery of drugs because of ease in synthesis and high drug loading. But their use is still limited for oral delivery of anticancer drugs which are P-gp substrates. This particular study aims at widening the scope of nanocrystals by using a functional stabilizer which participates in enhancing the oral absorption of anticancer drugs and controlling the tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226031, India
| | - Ashwni Verma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226031, India
| | - Gitu Pandey
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226031, India
| | - Naresh Mittapelly
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226031, India
| | - Prabhat Ranjan Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, U.P. 226031, India.
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Leone F, Cavalli R. Drug nanosuspensions: a ZIP tool between traditional and innovative pharmaceutical formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1607-25. [PMID: 25960000 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1043886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A nanosuspension or nanocrystal suspension is a versatile formulation combining conventional and innovative features. It comprises 100% pure drug nanoparticles with sizes in the nano-scale range, generally stabilized by surfactants or polymers. Nanosuspensions are usually obtained in liquid media with bottom-up and top-down methods or by their combination. They have been designed to enhance the solubility, the dissolution rate and the bioavailability of drugs via various administration routes. Due to their small sizes, nanosuspensions can be also considered a drug delivery nanotechnology for the preparation of nanomedicine products. AREAS COVERED This review focuses on the state of the art of the nanocrystal-based formulation. It describes theory characteristics, design parameters, preparation methods, stability issues, as well as specific in vivo applications. Innovative strategies proposed to obtain nanomedicine formulation using nanocrystals are also reported. EXPERT OPINION Many drug nanodelivery systems have been developed to increase the bioavailability of drugs and to decrease adverse side effects, but few can be industrially manufactured. Nanocrystals can close this gap by combining traditional and innovative drug formulations. Indeed, they can be used in many pharmaceutical dosage forms as such, or developed as new nano-scaled products. Engineered surface nanocrystals have recently been proposed as a dual strategy for stability enhancement and targeting delivery of nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Leone
- a 1 University of Torino, Department of Drug Science and Technology , Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy.,b 2 Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino , Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Roberta Cavalli
- c 3 University of Torino, Department of Drug Science and Technology , Via Pietro Giuria 9, 10125, Torino, Italy +011 6707686 ;
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Shukla P, Verma AK, Dewangan J, Rath SK, Mishra PR. Chitosan coated curcumin nanocrystals augment pharmacotherapy via improved pharmacokinetics and interplay of NFκB, Keap1 and Nrf2 expression in Gram negative sepsis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06786c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chi-CUR-NC provides a viable approach for reducing mortality in cIAI associated Gram negative sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant Shukla
- Pharmaceutics Division
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Ajeet K. Verma
- Toxicology Division
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Jayant Dewangan
- Toxicology Division
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Srikanta K. Rath
- Toxicology Division
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - Prabhat R. Mishra
- Pharmaceutics Division
- Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
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45
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Shukla R, Gupta J, Shukla P, Dwivedi P, Tripathi P, Bhattacharya SM, Mishra PR. Chitosan coated alginate micro particles for the oral delivery of antifilarial drugs and combinations for intervention in Brugia malayi induced lymphatic filariasis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06982c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanism of targeting of MPs and absorption through Peyer’s patches, to lymphatics where an adult worm resides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shukla
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - J. Gupta
- Parasitology Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - P. Shukla
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - P. Dwivedi
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | - P. Tripathi
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
| | | | - Prabhat R. Mishra
- Pharmaceutics Division
- CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute
- Lucknow 226031
- India
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