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Elsayed Abouzed DE, Ezelarab HAA, Selim HMRM, Elsayed MMA, El Hamd MA, Aboelez MO. Multimodal modulation of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury by phytochemical agents: A mechanistic evaluation of hepatoprotective potential and safety profiles. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112445. [PMID: 38944946 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a clinically fundamental phenomenon that occurs through liver resection surgery, trauma, shock, and transplantation. AIMS OF THE REVIEW This review article affords an expanded and comprehensive overview of various natural herbal ingredients that have demonstrated hepatoprotective effects against I/R injury through preclinical studies in animal models. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the objective of this investigation, an extensive examination was carried out utilizing diverse scientific databases involving PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), and Research Gate. The investigation was conducted based on specific identifiable terms, such as hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury, liver resection and transplantation, cytokines, inflammation, NF-kB, interleukins, herbs, plants, natural ingredients, phenolic extract, and aqueous extract. RESULTS Bioactive ingredients derived from ginseng, curcumin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, lycopene, punicalagin, crocin, celastrol, andrographolide, silymarin, and others and their effects on hepatic IRI were discussed. The specific mechanisms of action, signaling pathways, and clinical relevance for attenuation of liver enzymes, cytokine production, immune cell infiltration, oxidative damage, and cell death signaling in rodent studies are analyzed in depth. Their complex molecular actions involve modulation of pathways like TLR4, NF-κB, Nrf2, Bcl-2 family proteins, and others. CONCLUSION The natural ingredients have promising values in the protection and treatment of various chronic aggressive clinical conditions, and that need to be evaluated on humans by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deiaa E Elsayed Abouzed
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Hend A A Ezelarab
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, 61519 Minia, Egypt.
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Diriyah 13713, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 35527, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud M A Elsayed
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A El Hamd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa O Aboelez
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt
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Deng RM, Zhou J. Targeting NF-κB in Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Alleviation: from Signaling Networks to Therapeutic Targeting. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3409-3426. [PMID: 37991700 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complication of liver trauma, resection, and transplantation that can lead to liver dysfunction and failure. Scholars have proposed a variety of liver protection methods aimed at reducing ischemia-reperfusion damage, but there is still a lack of effective treatment methods, which urgently needs to find new effective treatment methods for patients. Many studies have reported that signaling pathway plays a key role in HIRI pathological process and liver function recovery mechanism, among which nuclear transfer factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway is one of the signal transduction closely related to disease. NF-κB pathway is closely related to HIRI pathologic process, and inhibition of this pathway can delay oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, NF-κB can also interact with PI3K/Akt, MAPK, and Nrf2 signaling pathways to participate in HIRI regulation. Based on the role of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, it may be a potential target pathway for HIRI. This review emphasizes the role of inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway in oxidative stress, inflammatory response, cell death, and mitochondrial dysfunction in HIRI, as well as the effects of related drugs or inhibitors targeting NF-κB on HIRI. The objective of this review is to elucidate the role and mechanism of NF-κB pathway in HIRI, emphasize the important role of NF-κB pathway in the prevention and treatment of HIRI, and provide a theoretical basis for the target NF-κB pathway as a therapy for HIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Ming Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhou
- The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People's Republic of China.
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Jiang Z, Liu L, Su H, Cao Y, Ma Z, Gao Y, Huang D. Curcumin and analogues in mitigating liver injury and disease consequences: From molecular mechanisms to clinical perspectives. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155234. [PMID: 38042008 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver injury is a prevalent global health concern, impacting a substantial number of individuals and leading to elevated mortality rates and socioeconomic burdens. Traditional primary treatment options encounter resource constraints and high costs, prompting exploration of alternative adjunct therapies, such as phytotherapy. Curcumin demonstrates significant therapeutic potential across various medical conditions, particularly emerging as a promising candidate for liver injury treatment. PURPOSE This study aims to provide current evidence maps of curcumin and its analogs in the context of liver injury, covering aspects of biosafety, toxicology, and clinical trials. Importantly, it seeks to summarize the intricate mechanisms modulated by curcumin. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase up to July 2023. Titles and abstracts were reviewed to identify studies that met our eligibility criteria. The screening process involved three authors independently assessing the potential of curcumin mitigating liver injury and its disease consequences by reviewing titles, abstracts, and full texts. RESULTS Curcumin and its analogs have demonstrated low toxicity in vitro and in vivo. However, the limited bioavailability has hindered their advanced use in liver injury. This limitation can potentially be addressed by nano-curcumin and emerging drug delivery systems. Curcumin plays a role in alleviating liver injury by modulating the antioxidant system, as well as cellular and molecular pathways. The specific mechanisms involve multiple pathways, such as NF-κB, p38/MAPK, and JAK2/STAT3, and the pro-apoptosis Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3 axis in damaged cells. Additionally, curcumin targets nutritional metabolism, regulating the substance in liver cells and tissues. The microenvironment associated with liver injury, like extracellular matrix and immune cells and factors, is also regulated by curcumin. Initial evaluation of curcumin and its analogs through 12 clinical trials demonstrates their potential application in liver injury. CONCLUSION Curcumin emerges as a promising phytomedicine for liver injury owing to its effectiveness in hepatoprotection and low toxicity profile. Nevertheless, in-depth investigations are warranted to unravel the complex mechanisms through which curcumin influences liver tissues and overall physiological milieu. Moreover, extensive clinical trials are essential to determine optimal curcumin dosage forms, maximizing its benefits and achieving favorable clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Liu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hengpei Su
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yubin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Zhongkai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yujie Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Liu H, Li J, Jiang C, Yuan T, Ma H. Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) knockdown exerts a protective effect for hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by deactivating the MEK/ERK pathway. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2021; 45:101737. [PMID: 34144219 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an unsettled and intractable conundrum in clinical treatment after liver transplantation and resection. Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) is upregulated in liver IRI and may play a key role in this process. The objective of this study is to investigate the regulatory mechanism of CCN1 in liver IRI, which may provide new insight into liver IRI clinical treatment. METHODS The hepatic ischemia/reperfusion model was established in male C57BL/6 mice by occlusion of vessels in the liver followed by reperfusion. The mice were transfected with two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against CCN1 for CCN1 knockdown. The hypoxia/reoxygenation (HR) model was established in vitro using mouse hepatic cells followed by transfection with a siRNA and treatment with an ERK activator TPA to confirm the effects of CCN1 on the MEK/ERK pathway in liver IRI. RESULTS In hepatic IRI, CCN1 was upregulated and its knockdown reduced alanine aminotransferase and aspartate transaminase levels, myeloperoxidase activity, and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α. CCN1 downregulation alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration and apoptosis in the liver. The expressions of cleaved caspase-9, cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and CHOP were decreased with an increased Bcl-2 level after CCN1 knockdown. The phosphorylation and activation of proteins in ER stress and MEK/ERK pathway were inhibited by CCN1 knockdown. In vitro, the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis-inducing proteins, and proteins in ER stress and MEK/ERK pathway, which were decreased by CCN1 knockdown in HR, were restored by TPA, confirming that the activation of ERK aggravated cell apoptosis after reoxygenation. CONCLUSION Overall, CCN1 knockdown may suppress the inflammation, apoptosis during hepatic IRI by reducing the MEK/ERK pathway activation, which may be a breakthrough point in clinical alleviation of hepatic IRI caused by liver transplantation and resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanqiu Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Chengwei Jiang
- Department of Pathology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Tong Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Haichun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
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The Role of Mitochondria in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: From Aspects of Mitochondrial Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Fission, Mitochondrial Membrane Permeable Transport Pore Formation, Mitophagy, and Mitochondria-Related Protective Measures. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6670579. [PMID: 34285766 PMCID: PMC8275408 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6670579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) has indeed been shown as a main complication of hepatectomy, liver transplantation, trauma, and hypovolemic shock. A large number of studies have confirmed that microvascular and parenchymal damage is mainly caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is considered to be a major risk factor for IRI. Under normal conditions, ROS as a kind of by-product of cellular metabolism can be controlled at normal levels. However, when IRI occurs, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is inhibited. In addition, oxidative respiratory chain damage leads to massive consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and large amounts of ROS. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in various organs and tissues in IRI. On the one hand, excessive free radicals induce mitochondrial damage, for instance, mitochondrial structure, number, function, and energy metabolism. On the other hand, the disorder of mitochondrial fusion and fission results in further reduction of the number of mitochondria so that it is not enough to clear excessive ROS, and mitochondrial structure changes to form mitochondrial membrane permeable transport pores (mPTPs), which leads to cell necrosis and apoptosis, organ failure, and metabolic dysfunction, increasing morbidity and mortality. According to the formation mechanism of IRI, various substances have been discovered or synthesized for specific targets and cell signaling pathways to inhibit or slow the damage of liver IRI to the body. Here, based on the development of this field, this review describes the role of mitochondria in liver IRI, from aspects of mitochondrial oxidative stress, mitochondrial fusion and fission, mPTP formation, and corresponding protective measures. Therefore, it may provide references for future clinical treatment and research.
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Bavarsad K, Riahi MM, Saadat S, Barreto G, Atkin SL, Sahebkar A. Protective effects of curcumin against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver. Pharmacol Res 2019; 141:53-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jazayeri-Tehrani SA, Rezayat SM, Mansouri S, Qorbani M, Alavian SM, Daneshi-Maskooni M, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ. Nano-curcumin improves glucose indices, lipids, inflammation, and Nesfatin in overweight and obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:8. [PMID: 30705687 PMCID: PMC6348610 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Since lifestyle changes are main therapies for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), changing dietary components (nutritional or bioactive) may play a parallel important role. Few studies have assessed the effects of curcumin on NAFLD (mainly antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects). We aimed to determine the effects of nano-curcumin (NC) on overweight/obese NAFLD patients by assessing glucose, lipids, inflammation, insulin resistance, and liver function indices, especially through nesfatin. Methods This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in the Oil Company Central Hospital, Tehran. 84 overweight/obese patients with NAFLD diagnosed using ultrasonography were recruited according to the eligibility criteria (age 25–50 yrs., body mass index [BMI] 25–35 kg/m2). The patients were randomly divided into two equal NC (n = 42) and placebo (n = 42) groups. Interventions were two 40 mg capsules/day after meals for 3 months. Lifestyle changes were advised. A general questionnaire, a 24-h food recall (at the beginning, middle and end), and the short-form international physical activity questionnaire (at the beginning and end) were completed. Also, blood pressure, fatty liver degree, anthropometrics, fasting blood sugar (FBS) and insulin (FBI), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), high sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), liver transaminases, and nesfatin were determined at the beginning and end. Results NC compared with placebo significantly increased HDL, QUICKI, and nesfatin and decreased fatty liver degree, liver transaminases, waist circumference (WC), FBS, FBI, HbA1c, TG, TC, LDL, HOMA-IR, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and IL-6 (P < 0.05). The mean changes in weight, BMI, body composition (BC), and blood pressure were not significant (P > 0.05). After adjustment for confounders, the changes were similar to the unadjusted model. Conclusion NC supplementation in overweight/obese NAFLD patients improved glucose indices, lipids, inflammation, WC, nesfatin, liver transaminases, and fatty liver degree. Accordingly, the proposed mechanism for ameliorating NAFLD with NC was approved by the increased serum nesfatin and likely consequent improvements in inflammation, lipids, and glucose profile. Further trials of nano-curcumin’s effects are suggested. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials, IRCT2016071915536N3. Registered 2016-08-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Jazayeri-Tehrani
- 1Nutritional Sciences, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Rezayat
- 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,3Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,4Department of Toxicology-Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Science Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavash Mansouri
- 5National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC) Central Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 6Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Seyed Moayed Alavian
- 7Baqiyatallah Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases (BRCGL), Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Daneshi-Maskooni
- 8Nutritional Sciences, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Jiroft University of Medical Sciences, Jiroft, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- 9Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No.44, Hojjatdoust Alley, Naderi Ave, Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
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