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Zhang XD, Luo Q, Du Y, Yang L, Yu LC, Feng L, Rao D, Tang JX, Tan HM, Guo XY, Tang SS, Liu T, Yue F, Huang HX. The allostery and modification of hGHRH molecules and specific dimer produced significant fertility effect by proliferating and activating in-situ ovarian mesenchymal stem cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 197:106768. [PMID: 38643940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The negative coordination of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) and growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) involves in the repair processes of cellular injury. The allosteric U- or H-like modified GHRH dimer Grinodin and 2Y were comparatively evaluated in normal Kunming mice and hamster infertility models induced by CPA treatment. 1-3-9 µg of Grinodin or 2Y per hamster stem-cell-exhaustion model was subcutaneously administered once a week, respectively inducing 75-69-46 or 45-13-50 % of birth rates. In comparison, the similar mole of human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG) or human growth hormone (hGH) was administered once a day but caused just 25 or 20 % of birth rates. Grinodin induced more big ovarian follicles and corpora lutea than 2Y, hMG, hGH. The hMG-treated group was observed many distorted interstitial cells and more connective tissues and the hGH-treated group had few ovarian follicles. 2Y had a plasma lifetime of 21 days and higher GH release in mice, inducing lower birth rate and stronger individual specificity in reproduction as well as only promoting the proliferation of mesenchymal-stem-cells (MSCs) in the models. In comparison, Grinodin had a plasma lifetime of 30 days and much lower GH release in mice. It significantly promoted the proliferation and activation of ovarian MSCs together with the development of follicles in the models by increasing Ki67 and GHS-R expressions, and decreasing GHRH-R expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, the high GH and excessive estrogen levels in the models showed a dose-dependent reduction in fertility. Therefore, unlike 2Y, the low dose of Grinodin specifically shows low GHS-R and high GHRH-R expressions thus evades GH and estrogen release and improves functions of organs, resulting in an increase of fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratories & Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Cops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Qun Luo
- Research & Development Department, Shenzhen Nafe Biopharmaceutical Company LTD, Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratories & Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Cops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Digestive & Endocrinology, Guangdong Provincial Cops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Li-Cheng Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratories & Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Cops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou 510507, China
| | - Lan Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dan Rao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Tang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Literature, Science, and the Arts, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor 48109, United States
| | - Hong-Mei Tan
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Luopu Street Lijiang Community Health Service Station, Guangzhou 511431, China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Guo
- Department of Pathology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya City 572000, Hainan Province, China
| | - Song-Shan Tang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Tao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Bioactive Substances, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Feng Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratories, Guangzhou Tianhe District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hui-Xian Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratories & Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Cops Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou 510507, China
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Devesa J, Caicedo D. The Role of Growth Hormone on Ovarian Functioning and Ovarian Angiogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:450. [PMID: 31379735 PMCID: PMC6646585 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although not yet well-understood, today it is clear that Growth Hormone (GH) exerts a relevant role in the regulation of ovulation and fertility; in fact, fertility is lower in women with GH deficiency (GHD), and GH receptors (GHR) and GH mRNA have been found in the ovary since the onset of follicular development in humans. However, despite the strong evidence of GH in the regulation of fertility, many aspects of GH actions at this level are still not well-established, and it is likely that some controversial data depend on the species analyzed, the dose of the hormone and the duration of use of GH. Folliculogenesis, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation and maintenance are processes that are critically dependent on angiogenesis. In the ovary, new blood vessel formation facilitates oxygen, nutrients, and hormone substrate delivery, and also secures transfer of different hormones to targeted cells. Some growth factors and hormones overlap their actions in order to control the angiogenic process for fertility. However, we still know very little about the factors that play a critical role in the vascular changes that occur during folliculogenesis or luteal regression. To promote and maintain the production of VEGF-A in granulosa cells, the effects of local factors such as IGF-I and steroids are needed; that VEGF-A-inducing effect cannot be induced by luteinizing hormone (LH) or chorionic gonadotropin (CG) alone. As a result of the influences that GH exerts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, facilitating the release of gonadotropins, and given the relationship between GH and local ovarian factors such as VEGF-A, FGF-2, IGF-1, or production of sex steroids, we assume that GH has to be a necessary factor in ovarian angiogenesis, as it happens in other vascular beds. In this review we will discuss the actions of GH in the ovary, most of them likely due to the local production of the hormone and its mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Devesa
- Scientific Direction, Medical Center Foltra, Foundation Foltra, Teo, Spain
- *Correspondence: Jesús Devesa ;
| | - Diego Caicedo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University Hospital of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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